NO160145B - DIESEL FUEL. - Google Patents
DIESEL FUEL. Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- NO160145B NO160145B NO823376A NO823376A NO160145B NO 160145 B NO160145 B NO 160145B NO 823376 A NO823376 A NO 823376A NO 823376 A NO823376 A NO 823376A NO 160145 B NO160145 B NO 160145B
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- Prior art keywords
- ether
- vol
- tert
- butyl
- methyl
- Prior art date
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- 239000002283 diesel fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 125000002914 sec-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 54
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- BZLVMXJERCGZMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl tert-butyl ether Chemical compound COC(C)(C)C BZLVMXJERCGZMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- HNFSPSWQNZVCTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyl-2-propan-2-yloxypropane Chemical compound CC(C)OC(C)(C)C HNFSPSWQNZVCTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- WMZNUJPPIPVIOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[(2-methylpropan-2-yl)oxy]butane Chemical compound CCC(C)OC(C)(C)C WMZNUJPPIPVIOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 3
- -1 methyl- Chemical group 0.000 claims 4
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 abstract description 2
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 abstract description 2
- 125000004108 n-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 abstract description 2
- 125000004123 n-propyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 abstract description 2
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 description 6
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 4
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric oxide Chemical compound O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- BTANRVKWQNVYAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N butan-2-ol Chemical compound CCC(C)O BTANRVKWQNVYAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethyl ether Chemical compound COC LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010705 motor oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DKGAVHZHDRPRBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tert-Butanol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)O DKGAVHZHDRPRBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YSVZGWAJIHWNQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N [3-(hydroxymethyl)-2-bicyclo[2.2.1]heptanyl]methanol Chemical compound C1CC2C(CO)C(CO)C1C2 YSVZGWAJIHWNQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000711 cancerogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000315 carcinogenic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- AQEFLFZSWDEAIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N di-tert-butyl ether Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OC(C)(C)C AQEFLFZSWDEAIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004177 diethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 150000005218 dimethyl ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002334 glycols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 125000003367 polycyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium atom Chemical compound [Sr] CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/02—Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on components consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen only
- C10L1/026—Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on components consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen only for compression ignition
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B3/00—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition
- F02B3/06—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition with compression ignition
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Liquid Carbonaceous Fuels (AREA)
- Glass Compositions (AREA)
- Fats And Perfumes (AREA)
- Steroid Compounds (AREA)
- Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
- Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)
Abstract
Description
For å minske røk- resp. sotdannelse i dieselmotorer er det det kjent til dleseldrlvstoffet å sette etere, spesielt i blanding med salter av organiske syrer av metaller fra det periodiske systems 2. hovedgruppe, spesielt barium. Som etere foreslås fremfor alt mono- og di-alkyletere av glyko-ler, spesielt mono- og dimetyleter av etylenglykol. Disse tilsetninger har den ulempe at deres fremstilling er meget omstendelig og deres virkningsmåte som sotnedsettende og avgassreduserende tilsetning bare er liten. Dessuten er den økologiske belastning å frykte på grunn av emisjon av kadmium, barium og strontium. To reduce smoke or soot formation in diesel engines, it is known for the diesel fuel to set ethers, especially in a mixture with salts of organic acids of metals from the 2nd main group of the periodic table, especially barium. As ethers, above all, mono- and di-alkyl ethers of glycols, especially mono- and dimethyl ethers of ethylene glycol, are suggested. These additives have the disadvantage that their production is very cumbersome and their mode of action as a soot-reducing and exhaust gas-reducing additive is only small. In addition, the ecological burden is to be feared due to the emission of cadmium, barium and strontium.
Videre er det kjent å drive dieselmotorer med blandinger av alkoholer og etere. Som alkoholer foreslås metanol, etanol, n-propanol og n-butanol, foretrukket blir blandinger av dimetyleter og metanol. Ved disse blandinger har det vist seg nødvendig å tilføre de to bestanddeler adskilt til sylinderen, f.eks. over tilsugningsluften og gjennom de vanlige innsprøytningspunkter. Dessuten er varmeverdien referert til grunnkomponentene dieseldrivsstoffet mer enn halvparten mindre og de for slike blandinger egne cetantall som grad for tennvilligheten meget nedsatt, når ikke util-strekkelig for det runde løp av en handelsvanlig dieselmo-tor . Furthermore, it is known to run diesel engines with mixtures of alcohols and ethers. Methanol, ethanol, n-propanol and n-butanol are suggested as alcohols, mixtures of dimethyl ether and methanol are preferred. With these mixtures, it has proved necessary to add the two components separately to the cylinder, e.g. over the intake air and through the usual injection points. In addition, the heat value referred to the basic components diesel fuel is more than half less and the cetane number specific to such mixtures as a degree of ignition readiness is greatly reduced, even insufficient for the round run of a commercial diesel engine.
Oppfinnelsen unngår vanskelighetene og ulempene ved de kjente eterholdige dleseldrlvstoffer og utmerker seg ved et overfor vanlig dieseldrivstoff forbedret forbrenningsforhold og dermed en øket nyttetdelse og derved et mindre skadestoffut-slipp av de dermed drevne motorer. The invention avoids the difficulties and disadvantages of the known ether-containing diesel fuel and is distinguished by an improved combustion ratio compared to ordinary diesel fuel and thus an increased efficiency and thereby a lower pollutant emission from the thus driven engines.
Oppfinnelsen vedrører dleseldrlvstoff på hydrogenbasis inneholdende eter og evt. alkoholer, karakterisert ved at de inneholder 2-50 vol.-# av en tilsetning av en eller flere etere med den generelle formel Ej- 0(^ 2) 2-^ 2 > idet Rj og E2 respektivt betyr en metyl-, etyl-, 1-propyl-, 2-propyl-, 1-butyl- eller 2-butylrest. Ved dleseldrlvstoffer Ifølge oppfinnelsen kan eterblandlngen spesielt bestå av 0-90 vol.metyl-tert.-butyleter, The invention relates to hydrogen-based dleseldrlvstoff containing ether and possibly alcohols, characterized in that they contain 2-50 vol.-# of an addition of one or more ethers with the general formula Ej- 0(^ 2) 2-^ 2 > idet Rj and E2 respectively means a methyl, ethyl, 1-propyl, 2-propyl, 1-butyl or 2-butyl residue. In the case of diethyl solvents According to the invention, the ether mixture can in particular consist of 0-90 vol. methyl tert.-butyl ether,
0-90 vol.-56 metyl-tert.-amyleter , 0-90 vol.-56 methyl tert.-amyl ether,
0-90 vol.lsopropyl-tert.-butyleter, 0-90 vol. isopropyl-tert.-butyl ether,
0-90 vol.sec.-butyl-tert.-butyleter, 0-90 vol.sec.-butyl-tert.-butyl ether,
0-90 vol.metyl-tert.-2,3-dimetylbutyleter, 0-90 vol. methyl-tert.-2,3-dimethylbutyl ether,
0-90 vol.metyl-tert.-2-metylpentyleter. 0-90 vol. methyl-tert.-2-methylpentyl ether.
Dleseldrlvstoffet Ifølge oppfinnelsen inneholder spesielt 5-25 vol.-56 av eterblandlngen. Videre kan 5-50 vol.-56 av etertilsetningen bestå av metyl-tert.-butyleter, eller metyl-tert .-amyleter , eller isopropyl-tert.-butyleter , eller sec-butyl-tert .^butyleter, eller metyl-tert.-2,3-dimetylbutyle-ter , eller metyl-tert.-2-metylpentyleter. The solvent according to the invention contains in particular 5-25 vol.-56 of the ether mixture. Furthermore, 5-50 vol.-56 of the ether addition can consist of methyl-tert.-butyl ether, or methyl-tert.-amyl ether, or isopropyl-tert.-butyl ether, or sec-butyl-tert.^butyl ether, or methyl-tert .-2,3-dimethylbutyl ether, or methyl tert.-2-methylpentyl ether.
Ved dieseldrivstoffet ifølge oppfinnelsen kan tilsetningen inneholde metyl-tert.-butyleter, isopropyl-tert.-butyleter og sec .-butyl-tert.-butyleter , omtrent i volumforhold 1:1 :.l. In the case of the diesel fuel according to the invention, the additive may contain methyl tert-butyl ether, isopropyl tert-butyl ether and sec-butyl tert-butyl ether, approximately in a volume ratio of 1:1:.l.
Videre kan dieseldrivstoffet ifølge oppfinnelsen inneholde 2-40 vol.-36 alkoholer med 1-4 karbonatomer 1 molekylet, fortrinnsvis 5-25 vol.alkohol. Furthermore, the diesel fuel according to the invention can contain 2-40 vol.-36 alcohols with 1-4 carbon atoms per molecule, preferably 5-25 vol.alcohol.
Det er riktignok kjent å tilsette ovennevnte etere, spesielt metyl-tert.-butyleter til forgasserdrivstoffer. Herav kunne det imidlertid ikke sluttes til eterens egenskap som tilset-ningsstoff for dleseldrlvstoffer. For det ene er bankefast-heten av drivstoffet ved dieselmotorer ikke vesentlig, for det annet er en bestemt selvtennevne og en viss fordampnings-hastighet ved gode oppløsnlngsegenskaper nødvendig for dleseldrlvstoffer. Admittedly, it is known to add the above-mentioned ethers, especially methyl-tert-butyl ether, to carburettor fuels. From this, however, it could not be concluded that the ether's property is an additive for dlesel liquids. On the one hand, the knock resistance of the fuel in diesel engines is not significant, and on the other hand, a certain self-ignition ability and a certain rate of evaporation with good dissolving properties are necessary for diesel fuels.
De gunstige virkninger opptrer allerede ved realitivt små tilsetningsmengder på 2, fortrinnsvis 5 volum-% av eterblandlngen til dieseldrivstoffet. Eteren ifølge oppfinnelsen som settes til dleseldrlvstoffer kan fremstilles ved enkle fremgangsmåter fra de ved jordoljeutvinning og -forarbeidel-sen dannede under normale betingelser gassformede eller lett flyktige hydrokarboner, og stilles til disposisjon i store mengder. Det er derfor absolutt mulig å fremstille diesel-drivstoffer med tilsetningene ifølge oppfinnelsen som inntil 40, fortrinnsvis inntil 25 vol.-% består av eterblandlngen. The beneficial effects already occur with relatively small addition amounts of 2, preferably 5% by volume of the ether mixture to the diesel fuel. The ether according to the invention which is added to dlesel liquids can be produced by simple methods from the gaseous or easily volatile hydrocarbons formed under normal conditions during petroleum extraction and processing, and made available in large quantities. It is therefore absolutely possible to produce diesel fuels with the additives according to the invention which consist of up to 40, preferably up to 25 vol.% of the ether mixture.
Vanlig dleseldrlvstoff inneholder cykloparafiner og flerkjer-nede aromater som ved forbrenning tenderer til dannelse av sotpartikler. Overholdelse av et foreskrevet røkdannelses-tall (sottall, smoke-unit) krever i forhold til det støkiome-triske forhold brennstoff/luft et luftoverskudd og nedsetter dermed den maksimalt frigjørbare energi pr. forbrukt masse dleseldrlvstoff. Ved etertllsetningen ifølge oppfinnelsen senkes sotdannelsestallet sterkt, hvorved det er mulig nedsettelse av luftoverskuddet. Dette fører til en økning av virkningsgraden og dermed nytteydelsen av motoren ved høyere middeltrykk. Samtidig nedsettes den absolutte avgassmengde og skadestoffutstøtningen, spesielt NOx-emisjonen reduseres. Dessuten utmerker den i nedsatt konsentrasjon emiterte sot seg ved at de ekstraherbare karzinogene deler av polycykllske aromater er nedsatt ganske betraktelig. Common diesel fuel contains cycloparaffins and polynuclear aromatics which, when burned, tend to form soot particles. Compliance with a prescribed smoke formation number (soot number, smoke unit) requires an excess of air in relation to the stoichiometric fuel/air ratio and thus reduces the maximum energy that can be released per lots of diesel fuel consumed. With the addition of ether according to the invention, the soot formation rate is greatly reduced, whereby a reduction of the excess air is possible. This leads to an increase in the efficiency and thus the useful performance of the engine at higher mean pressures. At the same time, the absolute amount of exhaust gas is reduced and the emission of harmful substances, especially the NOx emission, is reduced. In addition, the soot emitted in reduced concentration is distinguished by the fact that the extractable carcinogenic parts of polycyclic aromatics are reduced quite considerably.
Da de som tilsetningsstoffer anvendte eter praktisk talt er svovelfrie, nedsettes det absolutte svovelinnhold i dieseldrivstoffet. Den mindre røktendens og det mindre S02-innhold bevirker en mindre motoroljetilsmussing og dermed lengre levetid for motoroljen. As the ethers used as additives are practically sulphur-free, the absolute sulfur content of the diesel fuel is reduced. The lower tendency to smoke and the lower S02 content result in less engine oil contamination and thus a longer life for the engine oil.
Eterblandingene som ifølge oppfinnelsen settes til dieseldrivstoffet kan videre tjene som oppløsningsformidlere for alkoholer, spesielt metanol og etanol. De muliggjør til dieseldrivstoffet å sette alkoholer med 1-4 karbonatomer, f.eks. metanol, etanol, isopropanol, butanol, sec.-butanol og tert.-butanol enkeltvis eller i blanding, sogar med mindre vanninnhold, Idet drivstoffets alkoholinnhold utgjør 2-40, fortrinnsvis 5-25 vol.-56. Derved lar f.eks. fra biomasse utvunnet av alkoholer seg utnytte 1 større mengder som dieseloijet11setninger. The ether mixtures which according to the invention are added to the diesel fuel can also serve as dissolution agents for alcohols, especially methanol and ethanol. They make it possible to add alcohols with 1-4 carbon atoms to the diesel fuel, e.g. methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, butanol, sec.-butanol and tert.-butanol individually or in a mixture, even with less water content, Whereas the alcohol content of the fuel amounts to 2-40, preferably 5-25 vol.-56. Thereby allows e.g. from biomass extracted from alcohols are utilized 1 larger quantities as diesel fuel.
Ved tilsetning av alkoholer ved siden av eteren ifølge oppfinnelsen er det å påse at innholdet av brennstoffet av hydrokarboner minst utgjør 40, fortrinnsvis mer enn 50 vol.- When adding alcohols next to the ether according to the invention, it must be ensured that the content of the fuel of hydrocarbons amounts to at least 40, preferably more than 50 vol.
Det er riktignok kjent til dleseldrlvstoffer å sette alkoholer under anvendelse av oppløsningsformidlere. De hittil hertil foreslåtte oppløsningsmidler fremstilles imidlertid ved en omstendelig fremgangsmåte og er derfor ikke uten videre disponerbare i de nødvendige større mengder. Også mangler de hittil som oppløsningsformidlere aktuelle stoffer den egenskap gunstig å påvirke forbrenningsforholdet av dieselbrennstoffer slik dette er tilfelle ved eterne ifølge oppfinnelsen. Admittedly, it is known to dleseldrlvstoffers to add alcohols using solubilizers. However, the solvents proposed up to now are produced by a cumbersome method and are therefore not readily available in the necessary larger quantities. Also, the substances currently in question as solubilizers lack the property of favorably influencing the combustion ratio of diesel fuels, as is the case with the ethers according to the invention.
Eksempler. Examples.
Som blandingskomponenter for fremstilling av drivstoffene ifølge oppfinnelsen og som basis for sammenligningsforsøkene ble det anvendt et handelsvanlig dleseldrlvstoff med de i tabell 1 oppførte egenskaper. As mixture components for the production of the fuels according to the invention and as a basis for the comparison tests, a commercially available diesel fuel with the properties listed in Table 1 was used.
Av grunnkomponentene og eter- resp. alkoholtilsetningene ble det ved blanding fremstilt i tabell 2 oppførte åtte diesel-drivstoffer ifølge oppfinnelsen, som har de der angitte egenskaper. Of the basic components and ether- or the alcohol additives, the eight diesel fuels according to the invention listed in table 2, which have the properties indicated there, were produced by mixing.
Her betyr: Here means:
DK = grunnkomponent ifølge tabell 1, DK = basic component according to table 1,
Bi = blanding av 90 vol.-56 metyl-tert.-butyleter , isopropyl-tert.-butyleter , sec.-butyl-tert.-butyleter (i volum-hold 1:1:1) og 10 vol.-56 metanol, isopropanol, sec-butanol (i volumforhold 1:1:1), Bi = mixture of 90 vol.-56 methyl tert.-butyl ether, isopropyl tert.-butyl ether, sec.-butyl tert.-butyl ether (in volume ratio 1:1:1) and 10 vol.-56 methanol , isopropanol, sec-butanol (in volume ratio 1:1:1),
B2 = sec.-butyl-tert.-butyleter, B2 = sec-butyl-tert-butyl ether,
M = metanol, M = methanol,
E = etanol, E = ethanol,
<*> = ved bestemmelse av cetantallet ble drivstoffene ifølge eks. 1, 3 og 7 som tennakselerator tilsatt 0,5, 3,5 <*> = when determining the cetane number, the fuels were according to e.g. 1, 3 and 7 as ignition accelerator added 0.5, 3.5
resp. 2,0 vekt-56 (referert til brennstoff) di-sec-butyl-para-fenyldiamin. respectively 2.0 wt-56 (referred to fuel) di-sec-butyl-para-phenyldiamine.
Sammenligningsforsøket av dleseldrlvstoff ifølge oppfinnelsen med handelsvanlig drivstoff ble foretatt med handelsvanlig dieselmotorer (Daimler Benz type 240 D og VW type Golf D). Til sammenlignbarhet av måleresultatene ble ytelsen av de ved faste dreietall (4400 resp. 4800 min.-<*>) ved anvendelsen av de forskjellige blandinger innstilt således at det ble oppnådd den med grunn-dieseldrlvstoffet oppnådde ytelser. The comparison trial of diesel fuel according to the invention with commercial fuel was carried out with commercial diesel engines (Daimler Benz type 240 D and VW type Golf D). For comparability of the measurement results, the performance at fixed rpm (4400 resp. 4800 min.-<*>) when using the different mixtures was set so that the performance obtained with the basic diesel fuel was achieved.
Bosch-tallet (BZ) som grad for avgass-sorthet og det spesi-fikkeenergiforbruk ble bestemt med en Daimler-Benz-motor type 240 D ved 4400 min.-<1> og en ytelse på 47,3 kW. I tabell 3 er det oppstilt Bosch-tall og spesifikt energiforbruk av grunndieseldrivstoffet (0) og blandingen ifølge eksemplene 1-8. The Bosch number (BZ) as a degree of exhaust gas blackness and the specific energy consumption was determined with a Daimler-Benz engine type 240 D at 4400 min.-<1> and an output of 47.3 kW. Table 3 lists the Bosch numbers and specific energy consumption of the basic diesel fuel (0) and the mixture according to examples 1-8.
Fra tabell 3 fremgår at forbedringer av Bosch-tallet som grad for sotdannelse inntil 6256 oppnås 1 forhold til vanlig dleseldrlvstoff. Allerede blandinger, hvis innhold av komponentene ifølge oppfinnelsen bare utgjør 10 vol.-56 har Bosch-tallet som er nedsatt inntil 3856. From table 3 it appears that improvements in the Bosch number as a degree of soot formation up to 6256 are achieved 1 compared to ordinary diesel fuel. Already mixtures whose content of the components according to the invention only amounts to 10 vol.-56 have the Bosch number which is reduced to 3856.
Dessuten viser det seg at det spesifikke energiforbruk på tross av mindre varmeverdi av blandingene ifølge oppfinnelsen likeså godt eller 1 de fleste tilfeller er lavere.enn ved anvendelsen av grunn-dieseldrivstoffet. Moreover, it turns out that the specific energy consumption, despite the lower calorific value of the mixtures according to the invention, is just as good or in most cases lower than when using the basic diesel fuel.
NOx-verdiene i avgassen ble fastslått med en handelsvanlig VW-motor type Golf D ved en ydelse på 31,4 kW ved 4800 min.--1. Resultatene er oppstilt i tabell 4. The NOx values in the exhaust gas were determined with a commercial VW engine type Golf D at an output of 31.4 kW at 4800 min.--1. The results are listed in table 4.
** Blandingen ifølge eks. 1, 2 og 3 inneholdt som tennakselerator 1,0, 2,5 resp. 1,5 vol.-56 (referert til det samlede brennstoff) av di-sec.-butyl-para-fenyldiamin. ** The mixture according to ex. 1, 2 and 3 contained as tin accelerator 1.0, 2.5 resp. 1.5 vol.-56 (referred to the total fuel) of di-sec.-butyl-para-phenyldiamine.
Av tabell 4 fremgår at dleseldrlvstoffene Ifølge oppfinnelsen i avgassen fører til en nedsettelse av nitrogenoksyd-konsen-trasjonen inntil 26% (referert til handelsvanlig dieseldrivstoff). Table 4 shows that the diesel fuel according to the invention in the exhaust leads to a reduction in the nitrogen oxide concentration of up to 26% (referred to commercial diesel fuel).
Claims (12)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19813140382 DE3140382A1 (en) | 1981-10-10 | 1981-10-10 | DIESEL FUEL |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| NO823376L NO823376L (en) | 1983-04-11 |
| NO160145B true NO160145B (en) | 1988-12-05 |
| NO160145C NO160145C (en) | 1989-03-15 |
Family
ID=6143882
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| NO823376A NO160145C (en) | 1981-10-10 | 1982-10-08 | DIESEL FUEL. |
Country Status (15)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0077027B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPS5874789A (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE18919T1 (en) |
| BR (1) | BR8205904A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1180895A (en) |
| DE (2) | DE3140382A1 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK153225C (en) |
| ES (1) | ES516382A0 (en) |
| FI (1) | FI75592C (en) |
| GR (1) | GR76994B (en) |
| IE (1) | IE53445B1 (en) |
| MX (1) | MX162435A (en) |
| NO (1) | NO160145C (en) |
| PT (1) | PT75662B (en) |
| TR (1) | TR22309A (en) |
Families Citing this family (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS58208389A (en) * | 1982-05-31 | 1983-12-05 | Komatsu Ltd | Alcohol blended fuel for diesel engine |
| JPS6357691A (en) * | 1986-01-21 | 1988-03-12 | ポラ− モレクラ− コ−ポレ−シヨン | Fuel conditioner |
| JPH01201393A (en) * | 1988-02-05 | 1989-08-14 | Takara Co Ltd | Diesel engine fuel for toy |
| JPH0393894A (en) * | 1989-09-06 | 1991-04-18 | Cosmo Sogo Kenkyusho:Kk | Lead-free high-performance gasoline |
| US5314511A (en) * | 1992-12-23 | 1994-05-24 | Arco Chemical Technology, L.P. | Diesel fuel |
| US5425790A (en) * | 1992-12-23 | 1995-06-20 | Arco Chemical Technology, L.P. | Diesel fuel |
| US5308365A (en) * | 1993-08-31 | 1994-05-03 | Arco Chemical Technology, L.P. | Diesel fuel |
| AU1420600A (en) * | 1999-09-06 | 2001-04-10 | Agrofuel Ab | Motor fuel for diesel engines |
| UA85188C2 (en) | 2003-06-24 | 2009-01-12 | Михиель Арьян Коземакер | Oxygen-containing compound as fuel additive, in particular in diesel fuels, gasoline and rapeseed methyl ether, the process for preparation thereof and fuel, containing it |
| ES2894347T3 (en) | 2016-09-21 | 2022-02-14 | Cepsa S A U | Solketal ethers, production method and uses thereof |
Family Cites Families (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR828020A (en) * | 1936-11-05 | 1938-05-09 | Standard Oil Dev Co | Engine fuel |
| FR829581A (en) * | 1936-12-18 | 1938-06-30 | Standard Oil Dev Co | Engine fuel |
| BE786624A (en) * | 1971-07-31 | 1973-01-24 | Snam Progetti | PROCESS FOR REDUCING THE CARBON OXIDE CONTENT OF THE EXHAUST GASES OF INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES |
| EP0020012A1 (en) * | 1979-05-14 | 1980-12-10 | Aeci Ltd | Fuel and method of running an engine |
| WO1981000721A1 (en) * | 1979-09-10 | 1981-03-19 | Wer R | Universal fuel for engines |
| US4332594A (en) * | 1980-01-22 | 1982-06-01 | Chrysler Corporation | Fuels for internal combustion engines |
| EP0036260B2 (en) * | 1980-03-07 | 1988-12-14 | The British Petroleum Company p.l.c. | Preparation of a motor spirit blending component |
| US4353710A (en) * | 1980-03-26 | 1982-10-12 | Texaco Inc. | Novel method of extending a hydrocarbon fuel heavier than gasoline by adding a methoxy or ethoxy group |
| JPS5819389A (en) * | 1981-07-27 | 1983-02-04 | Reametaru:Kk | Reforming of a fuel oil |
-
1981
- 1981-10-10 DE DE19813140382 patent/DE3140382A1/en active Granted
-
1982
- 1982-09-03 TR TR6933A patent/TR22309A/en unknown
- 1982-10-05 GR GR69444A patent/GR76994B/el unknown
- 1982-10-05 CA CA000412887A patent/CA1180895A/en not_active Expired
- 1982-10-07 DE DE8282109266T patent/DE3270279D1/en not_active Expired
- 1982-10-07 EP EP82109266A patent/EP0077027B1/en not_active Expired
- 1982-10-07 AT AT82109266T patent/ATE18919T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1982-10-08 DK DK446182A patent/DK153225C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1982-10-08 BR BR8205904A patent/BR8205904A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1982-10-08 JP JP57176457A patent/JPS5874789A/en active Granted
- 1982-10-08 ES ES516382A patent/ES516382A0/en active Granted
- 1982-10-08 PT PT75662A patent/PT75662B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1982-10-08 NO NO823376A patent/NO160145C/en unknown
- 1982-10-08 MX MX194722A patent/MX162435A/en unknown
- 1982-10-08 IE IE2442/82A patent/IE53445B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1982-10-08 FI FI823426A patent/FI75592C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE3140382C2 (en) | 1990-04-12 |
| FI75592C (en) | 1988-07-11 |
| ES8307886A1 (en) | 1983-07-16 |
| DE3140382A1 (en) | 1983-04-21 |
| FI823426L (en) | 1983-04-11 |
| PT75662A (en) | 1982-11-01 |
| PT75662B (en) | 1985-01-11 |
| BR8205904A (en) | 1983-09-06 |
| FI75592B (en) | 1988-03-31 |
| EP0077027A2 (en) | 1983-04-20 |
| DK153225B (en) | 1988-06-27 |
| TR22309A (en) | 1987-01-20 |
| EP0077027A3 (en) | 1984-04-25 |
| JPH036958B2 (en) | 1991-01-31 |
| CA1180895A (en) | 1985-01-15 |
| EP0077027B1 (en) | 1986-04-02 |
| ES516382A0 (en) | 1983-07-16 |
| MX162435A (en) | 1991-05-10 |
| IE822442L (en) | 1983-04-10 |
| DK446182A (en) | 1983-04-11 |
| NO160145C (en) | 1989-03-15 |
| ATE18919T1 (en) | 1986-04-15 |
| JPS5874789A (en) | 1983-05-06 |
| DE3270279D1 (en) | 1986-05-07 |
| DK153225C (en) | 1988-12-05 |
| NO823376L (en) | 1983-04-11 |
| GR76994B (en) | 1984-09-04 |
| FI823426A0 (en) | 1982-10-08 |
| IE53445B1 (en) | 1988-11-09 |
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