NO128544B - - Google Patents
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- NO128544B NO128544B NO514969A NO514969A NO128544B NO 128544 B NO128544 B NO 128544B NO 514969 A NO514969 A NO 514969A NO 514969 A NO514969 A NO 514969A NO 128544 B NO128544 B NO 128544B
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- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002301 cellulose acetate Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 17
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 10
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 4
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 4
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003209 petroleum derivative Substances 0.000 description 3
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- NNBZCPXTIHJBJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N decalin Chemical compound C1CCCC2CCCCC21 NNBZCPXTIHJBJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003350 kerosene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxane Chemical compound C1COCCO1 RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002284 Cellulose triacetate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 1
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl chloride Chemical compound ClC=C BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NNLVGZFZQQXQNW-ADJNRHBOSA-N [(2r,3r,4s,5r,6s)-4,5-diacetyloxy-3-[(2s,3r,4s,5r,6r)-3,4,5-triacetyloxy-6-(acetyloxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-6-[(2r,3r,4s,5r,6s)-4,5,6-triacetyloxy-2-(acetyloxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]methyl acetate Chemical compound O([C@@H]1O[C@@H]([C@H]([C@H](OC(C)=O)[C@H]1OC(C)=O)O[C@H]1[C@@H]([C@@H](OC(C)=O)[C@H](OC(C)=O)[C@@H](COC(C)=O)O1)OC(C)=O)COC(=O)C)[C@@H]1[C@@H](COC(C)=O)O[C@@H](OC(C)=O)[C@H](OC(C)=O)[C@H]1OC(C)=O NNLVGZFZQQXQNW-ADJNRHBOSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-L adipate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CCCCC([O-])=O WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenol group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=C1)O ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000010204 pine bark Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002984 plastic foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004627 regenerated cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002545 silicone oil Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001059 synthetic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-L terephthalate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C1=CC=C(C([O-])=O)C=C1 KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
- PXXNTAGJWPJAGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N vertaline Natural products C1C2C=3C=C(OC)C(OC)=CC=3OC(C=C3)=CC=C3CCC(=O)OC1CC1N2CCCC1 PXXNTAGJWPJAGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/22—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising organic material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J19/06—Solidifying liquids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/68—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by addition of specified substances, e.g. trace elements, for ameliorating potable water
- C02F1/681—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by addition of specified substances, e.g. trace elements, for ameliorating potable water by addition of solid materials for removing an oily layer on water
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
- Paper (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Removal Of Floating Material (AREA)
Description
Absorpsjonsmiddel for hydrokarboner. Absorbent for hydrocarbons.
Oppfinnelsen vedrører et produkt på basis av polymermateriale, hvilket produkt har absorberende egenskaper overfor hydrokarboner. The invention relates to a product based on polymer material, which product has absorbent properties towards hydrocarbons.
I det følgende menes med "absorpsjonsevne" forhold mellom mengden absorbert hydrokarbon og mengden absorpsjonsmiddel, idet begge mengdene er uttrykt i samme vektenhet. In the following, "absorption capacity" means the ratio between the amount of absorbed hydrocarbon and the amount of absorbent, both amounts being expressed in the same unit of weight.
Det er kjent at man kan absorbere bg agglomerere petroleum-produkter som er heilt ut på en utbredt vannoverflate ved at man.på disse produkter kaster ut faste partikler i form av sagspon eller tremel, tallbarkavfall eller cellulosevatt. Disse absorpsjons-midler har en absorpsjonsevne på maksimalt 2, og de absorberer ikke petroleumsprodukter selektivt, men de innbefatter også en stor mengde vann. Har de dessuten en gang blitt innfuktet med vann taper de fullstendig sin absorpsjonsevne og de er knapt anvend-bare for tykke og tette sjikt, men bare for tynne filmer eller dråper som flyter på vann. It is known that you can absorb and agglomerate petroleum products that are completely spread out on a widespread water surface by throwing out solid particles in the form of sawdust or wood flour, pine bark waste or cellulose wadding onto these products. These absorbents have an absorbency of a maximum of 2, and they do not selectively absorb petroleum products, but they also contain a large amount of water. Furthermore, once they have been moistened with water, they completely lose their absorption capacity and they are hardly usable for thick and dense layers, but only for thin films or drops that float on water.
Nylig har man som absorpsjonsmiddel foreslått anvendelsen av skumplastmateriale i granulatform. Dette middel kan ha en absorpsjonsevne på 15. Recently, the use of foam plastic material in granule form has been proposed as an absorbent. This agent may have an absorbency of 15.
Selv om dette middel har medført et ubestridelig frem-skritt i forhold til de tidligere anvendte midler, har de flere ulemper, dels at deres høye absorpsjonsevne bare oppnås når de er granulert, hvilket nødvendiggjør et ekstra fremstillingstrinn ved fremstilling av plastskummet, dels at man på grunn av deres store volum må sammenpresse dem eller forpakke dem på spesielle måte for at de skal kunne transporteres på en økonomisk måte. Although this agent has led to an undeniable advance in relation to the previously used agents, they have several disadvantages, partly that their high absorbency is only achieved when they are granulated, which necessitates an additional production step when producing the plastic foam, partly that because of their large volume, they must be compressed or packaged in a special way in order for them to be transported in an economical way.
I henhold til oppfinnelsen unngås disse ulemper. Oppfinnelsen vedrører et nytt organisk absorpsjonsmiddel for flytende hydrokarboner, idet midlet er karakterisert ved at det hovedsakelig består av en masse på basis av et polymermateriale. Spesielt ved-rører oppfinnelsen et nytt absorpsjonsmiddel, som det ovenfor definerte, som har dels en volumtetthet mellom 0,01 og 0,5, fortrinnsvis mellom 0,04 og 0,2, og dels en spesifikk overflate på mellom 2 og 25 m 2 /g, fortrinnsvis mellom 2 og 12 m 2/g, bestemt i henhold til Brunauer-Emmet-Tellers metode for måling av spesifikk overflate ved gassabsorpsjon. Fortrinnsvis er massen overtrukket med en hydrofob og oleofil forbindelse i en mengde på 1-5 vektprosent, beregnet på massens vekt. According to the invention, these disadvantages are avoided. The invention relates to a new organic absorption agent for liquid hydrocarbons, the agent being characterized in that it mainly consists of a mass based on a polymer material. In particular, the invention relates to a new absorbent, as defined above, which has a volume density between 0.01 and 0.5, preferably between 0.04 and 0.2, and a specific surface area of between 2 and 25 m 2 /g, preferably between 2 and 12 m 2 /g, determined according to the Brunauer-Emmet-Teller method for measuring specific surface area by gas absorption. Preferably, the mass is coated with a hydrophobic and oleophilic compound in an amount of 1-5% by weight, calculated on the weight of the mass.
Med "masse" menes et amorft produkt som er oppnådd ved utfelling av et polymermateriale, fra en oppløsning av dette i et oppløsningsmiddel i et bad som hovedsakelig inneholder ett stoff, som er blandbart med det anvendte oppløsningsmiddel og som ikke . oppløser polymermaterialet. Den utfelte masse befris deretter for oppløsningsmidlet. By "mass" is meant an amorphous product obtained by precipitation of a polymer material, from a solution of this in a solvent in a bath which mainly contains one substance, which is miscible with the solvent used and which does not . dissolves the polymer material. The precipitated mass is then freed from the solvent.
Med polymermateriale menes en homopolymer eller en sam-polymer eller en blanding av polymere. By polymer material is meant a homopolymer or a copolymer or a mixture of polymers.
Blant polymere som er egnet til å anvendes for fremstilling av produktene ifølge oppfinnelsen kan nevnes cellulose-forbindelser, som celluloseacetat og cellulosetriacetat, med unn-tak av produkter på basis av naturlig eller regenerert cellulose, samt' syntetiske polymere, fortrinnsvis polyamider eller polyestere. Godt resultat fåes imidlertid også med slike polymere som poly-olefiner, spesielt polyeten, vinylpolymere, spesielt polyvinylklorid, eventuelt klorerte, og sampolymere på basis av vinylklorid og vinylacetat. . ■ De foretrukne hydrofobe og oleofile forbindelser som anvendes for behandling av massene ifølge oppfinnelsen, er eventuelt klorerte parafiner, som inneholder mer enn 15 karbonatomer pr. molekyl. Among polymers that are suitable for use in the production of the products according to the invention, mention may be made of cellulose compounds, such as cellulose acetate and cellulose triacetate, with the exception of products based on natural or regenerated cellulose, as well as synthetic polymers, preferably polyamides or polyesters. However, good results are also obtained with such polymers as polyolefins, especially polyethylene, vinyl polymers, especially polyvinyl chloride, optionally chlorinated, and copolymers based on vinyl chloride and vinyl acetate. . ■ The preferred hydrophobic and oleophilic compounds used for treating the pulps according to the invention are possibly chlorinated paraffins, which contain more than 15 carbon atoms per molecule.
Por fremstilling av massene ifølge oppfinnelsen kan man anvende flere kjente fremgangsmåter. For the production of the masses according to the invention, several known methods can be used.
I henhold til en fremgangsmåte helles polymeroppløsningen under omrøring i et bad som hovedsakelig inneholder et stoff som ikke oppløser polymermaterialet. Den dannede masse adskilles ved filtrering, hvoretter den presses, vaskes og tørkes. According to one method, the polymer solution is poured with stirring into a bath which mainly contains a substance which does not dissolve the polymer material. The mass formed is separated by filtration, after which it is pressed, washed and dried.
Produktene kan også fremstilles kontinuerlig ved inn-sprøytning av en strøm av polymeroppløsning i en strøm av det stoff som ikke oppløser den polymere. Den således dannede masse fåes i form av en streng på et transportbånd. Etter avvanning, vasking, pressing og tørkning skjer en grovknusing av strengen. The products can also be produced continuously by injecting a stream of polymer solution into a stream of the substance that does not dissolve the polymer. The mass thus formed is obtained in the form of a string on a conveyor belt. After dewatering, washing, pressing and drying, the strand is roughly crushed.
I henhold til en foretrukket utførelsesform behandles massen deretter på overflaten med 1-5 vektprosent, beregnet på massens vekt, av en hydrofob og oleofil forbindelse i henhold til det ovennevnte. Denne i og for seg kjente behandling forandrer ikke massens absorpsjonsevne, men forbedrer selektiviteten når det gjelder absorpsjonsegenskapene i forhold til hydrokarboner. According to a preferred embodiment, the mass is then treated on the surface with 1-5 percent by weight, calculated on the weight of the mass, of a hydrophobic and oleophilic compound according to the above. This treatment, which is known per se, does not change the absorption capacity of the mass, but improves the selectivity when it comes to the absorption properties in relation to hydrocarbons.
På grunn av sin meget høye absorpsjonsevne for hydrokarboner som kan gå opp til en verdi på 20 eller mer, og sin for-bedrede absorpsjonsselektivitet, har massen ifølge oppfinnelsen stor interesse, og den er meget virksom ved absorpsjon og agglomerering av sjikt av petroleumsprodukter, som er uthellt på overflaten av hav, oceaner og vassdrag. Due to its very high absorption capacity for hydrocarbons which can go up to a value of 20 or more, and its improved absorption selectivity, the mass according to the invention is of great interest, and it is very effective in absorbing and agglomerating layers of petroleum products, which is poured onto the surface of seas, oceans and waterways.
For dette formål opparbeides massene enten i form av strenger eller i form av stykker. Massens sammenhold sikres ved agglomerering ved hjelp av f.eks. et fenolisk bindemiddel. Oppfinnelsen skal forklares nærmere gjennom følgende ikke begrensende eksempler. For this purpose, the pulps are processed either in the form of strings or in the form of pieces. The consistency of the mass is ensured by agglomeration using e.g. a phenolic binder. The invention shall be explained in more detail through the following non-limiting examples.
Eksempel 1. Example 1.
Man oppløser under omrøring i 5 timer et polyheksa-metylendiaminadipat i.98#-ig svovelsyre til et innhold av 10 vektprosent. Den dannede oppløsning helles under omrøring i et bad, som inneholder en vannoppløsning av natriumhydroksyd. Man . utvinner den dannede masse ved filtrering, vasker den deretter med vanlig temperatur, lufttørker den og tørker den til konstant vekt. Den tørre, hvite massen har en volumtetthet på 0,06. While stirring for 5 hours, a polyhexamethylenediamine adipate is dissolved in 98% sulfuric acid to a content of 10% by weight. The formed solution is poured with stirring into a bath, which contains an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide. Mon. recovers the mass formed by filtration, then washes it at ordinary temperature, air dries it and dries it to constant weight. The dry, white mass has a volume density of 0.06.
En prøve av denne masse ble kastet på et sjikt av råolje fra Sahara. Oljen er plasert på overflatenn av vannet i en beholder. Man konstaterer at mengden absorbert råolje varierer avhengig av om massen faller på oljesjiktet eller på vannet. I det første tilfelle absorberes oljen hurtig, idet massen i det sistnevnte tilfelle fremfor alt absorberer vann og meget mindre olje. A sample of this mass was thrown onto a layer of crude oil from the Sahara. The oil is placed on the surface of the water in a container. It is noted that the amount of crude oil absorbed varies depending on whether the mass falls on the oil layer or on the water. In the first case, the oil is absorbed quickly, while in the latter case the mass absorbs above all water and much less oil.
En annen prøve av massen impregneres med en oppløsning av parafin, som er i fast form ved vanlig temperatur, i petrol-eter. Etter tørkning tilbakeholder massen 4 vektprosent parafin. Another sample of the mass is impregnated with a solution of paraffin, which is in solid form at ordinary temperature, in petroleum ether. After drying, the mass retains 4% by weight of kerosene.
En behandlet prøve av massen på 10 g kastes på ovenfor beskrevet måte på et sjikt av 50 g råolje fra Sahara, idet fullstendig og umiddelbar absorpsjon skjer. A treated sample of the mass of 10 g is thrown in the manner described above on a layer of 50 g of crude oil from the Sahara, with complete and immediate absorption taking place.
Hvis man gjentar forsøket og anvender 10 g masse, som er behandlet med en vannemulsjon av silikonolje, absorberer den dannede masse hverken vann eller råolje. If one repeats the experiment and uses 10 g of pulp, which has been treated with a water emulsion of silicone oil, the resulting pulp absorbs neither water nor crude oil.
Eksempel 2. Example 2.
10 g av en masse som er behandlet med parafin som 10 g of a mass treated with kerosene which
i eksempel 1, kastes ien beholder som inneholder vann, på hvis overflate det finnes et sjikt av 300 g fyringsolje, som har en viskositet på 8 cP ved 25°C. Massen mettes umiddelbart med fyringsolje. Den mettede masse veies, hvorved man kan beregne at massen har absorbert 200 g fyringsolje som tilsvarer en' absorpsjonsevne på 20. in example 1, a container containing water is cast, on the surface of which there is a layer of 300 g of fuel oil, which has a viscosity of 8 cP at 25°C. The mass is immediately saturated with fuel oil. The saturated mass is weighed, whereby it can be calculated that the mass has absorbed 200 g of fuel oil, which corresponds to an absorption capacity of 20.
Eksempel 3* Example 3*
Man oppløser under omrøring i 5 timer et polyetylen-glykoltereftalat i l8#-ig svovelsyre til et innhold av 10 vektprosent. Polymeren utfelles ved/at denne oppløsning helles i vann. Man utvinner den dannede masse ved filtrering, vasker den ved normal temperatur, lufttørker den samt. tørker den til konstant vekt. Den tørre massen har en volumtetthet på 0,09. A polyethylene glycol terephthalate is dissolved in 18% sulfuric acid with stirring for 5 hours to a content of 10% by weight. The polymer is precipitated when this solution is poured into water. The resulting mass is recovered by filtration, washed at normal temperature, and air dried as well. dries it to constant weight. The dry mass has a volume density of 0.09.
Man behandler 20 g av denne masse med parafin på samme måte som i eksempel 1, idet massen tilbakeholder 3,5 vektprosent parafin. 20 g of this mass is treated with paraffin in the same way as in example 1, with the mass retaining 3.5% by weight of paraffin.
Når denne behandlede masse kastes på et sjikt av fyringsolje (viskositet 8 cP ved 25°C), absorberer den 200 g av fyringsoljen, hvilket tilsvarer en absorpsjonsevne på 10. Eksempel 4. When this treated mass is thrown onto a layer of fuel oil (viscosity 8 cP at 25°C), it absorbs 200 g of the fuel oil, which corresponds to an absorption capacity of 10. Example 4.
Man oppløser under omrøring lavtrykkspolyetylen med Low-pressure polyethylene is dissolved with stirring
et smeltepunkt på ca. 130°C i dekalin ved en temperatur på 105°C til et polyeteninnhold på 10 vektprosent. Oppløsningen helles under omrøring i etanol. Man utvinner den dannede masse ved filtrering, vasker den ved vanlig temperatur, lufttørker den og tørker den til konstant vekt. a melting point of approx. 130°C in decalin at a temperature of 105°C to a polyethylene content of 10% by weight. The solution is poured into ethanol with stirring. The resulting mass is recovered by filtration, washed at normal temperature, air-dried and dried to a constant weight.
Den tørre masse anbringes på et sjikt som veier 30 g The dry mass is placed on a layer weighing 30 g
og består av en blanding av 60 vektprosent gassolje og 40 vektprosent fyringsolje nr. 2, hvilket sjikt finnes på overflaten av 500 cm^ vann i et 1 liters begerglass. Massen anbringes bare til fullstendig absorpsjon av blandingen av hydrokarbon. De 30 g hydrokarbon absorberes fullstendig av 8 g masse, som tilsvarer en absorpsjonsevne på ca. 4. and consists of a mixture of 60 weight percent gas oil and 40 weight percent fuel oil No. 2, which layer is found on the surface of 500 cm^ of water in a 1 liter beaker. The mass is applied only until the complete absorption of the mixture of hydrocarbon. The 30 g of hydrocarbon is completely absorbed by 8 g of mass, which corresponds to an absorption capacity of approx. 4.
Hvis man gjentar forsøk med pulver av samme polymer, finner man at det kreves 30 g av dette pulver for å absorbere 30 g hydrokarbon. Dette innebærer en 4 ganger mindre absorpsjonsevne. Eksempel 5. If one repeats the experiment with powder of the same polymer, one finds that 30 g of this powder is required to absorb 30 g of hydrocarbon. This means a 4 times lower absorption capacity. Example 5.
På samme måte som i foregående eksempel fremstilles en masse av polyvinylklorid. Man går ut fra en oppløsning av den polymere (3 vektprosent) i dioksan og feller i etanol. Hvis man istedet går ut fra en oppløsning av samme polymer (3 vektprosent) i dimetylformamid, fåes et meget nær beslektet produkt. In the same way as in the previous example, a mass of polyvinyl chloride is produced. The starting point is a solution of the polymer (3% by weight) in dioxane and precipitated in ethanol. If one instead starts from a solution of the same polymer (3% by weight) in dimethylformamide, a very closely related product is obtained.
Med den dannede masse gjentas absorpsjonsforsøket i eksempel 4. For fullstendig absorpsjon av oljen kreves 4,5 g masse, som tilsvarer en absorpsjonsevne på noe under 7. With the mass formed, the absorption test in example 4 is repeated. For complete absorption of the oil, 4.5 g of mass is required, which corresponds to an absorption capacity of something below 7.
Claims (5)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR181947 | 1968-12-30 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
NO128544B true NO128544B (en) | 1973-12-03 |
Family
ID=8659428
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
NO514969A NO128544B (en) | 1968-12-30 | 1969-12-29 |
Country Status (12)
Country | Link |
---|---|
BE (1) | BE743822A (en) |
BR (1) | BR6915639D0 (en) |
CA (1) | CA960589A (en) |
CH (1) | CH507013A (en) |
DE (1) | DE1965591C3 (en) |
ES (1) | ES375033A1 (en) |
FR (1) | FR1600066A (en) |
GB (1) | GB1289490A (en) |
LU (1) | LU60104A1 (en) |
NL (1) | NL6919195A (en) |
NO (1) | NO128544B (en) |
SE (1) | SE362636B (en) |
-
1968
- 1968-12-30 FR FR1600066D patent/FR1600066A/fr not_active Expired
-
1969
- 1969-12-22 NL NL6919195A patent/NL6919195A/xx not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1969-12-29 CH CH1935169A patent/CH507013A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1969-12-29 GB GB1289490D patent/GB1289490A/en not_active Expired
- 1969-12-29 BR BR21563969A patent/BR6915639D0/en unknown
- 1969-12-29 LU LU60104D patent/LU60104A1/xx unknown
- 1969-12-29 CA CA071,029*7A patent/CA960589A/en not_active Expired
- 1969-12-29 NO NO514969A patent/NO128544B/no unknown
- 1969-12-29 BE BE743822D patent/BE743822A/xx unknown
- 1969-12-29 SE SE1800869A patent/SE362636B/xx unknown
- 1969-12-30 ES ES375033A patent/ES375033A1/en not_active Expired
- 1969-12-30 DE DE19691965591 patent/DE1965591C3/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
LU60104A1 (en) | 1970-07-01 |
DE1965591B2 (en) | 1974-07-11 |
FR1600066A (en) | 1970-07-20 |
CH507013A (en) | 1971-05-15 |
ES375033A1 (en) | 1972-03-01 |
GB1289490A (en) | 1972-09-20 |
NL6919195A (en) | 1970-07-02 |
DE1965591C3 (en) | 1975-02-27 |
CA960589A (en) | 1975-01-07 |
SE362636B (en) | 1973-12-17 |
DE1965591A1 (en) | 1970-07-30 |
BR6915639D0 (en) | 1973-01-25 |
BE743822A (en) | 1970-06-29 |
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