NO127517B - - Google Patents
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- Publication number
- NO127517B NO127517B NO03856/69A NO385669A NO127517B NO 127517 B NO127517 B NO 127517B NO 03856/69 A NO03856/69 A NO 03856/69A NO 385669 A NO385669 A NO 385669A NO 127517 B NO127517 B NO 127517B
- Authority
- NO
- Norway
- Prior art keywords
- metal
- reduction
- sodium
- titanium
- vessel
- Prior art date
Links
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 101
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 89
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 88
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 67
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 53
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 52
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 46
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 31
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 28
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 28
- XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J titanium tetrachloride Chemical group Cl[Ti](Cl)(Cl)Cl XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 claims description 18
- VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N hafnium atom Chemical compound [Hf] VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910001508 alkali metal halide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000008045 alkali metal halides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- DUNKXUFBGCUVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-J zirconium tetrachloride Chemical group Cl[Zr](Cl)(Cl)Cl DUNKXUFBGCUVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 claims description 3
- PDPJQWYGJJBYLF-UHFFFAOYSA-J hafnium tetrachloride Chemical group Cl[Hf](Cl)(Cl)Cl PDPJQWYGJJBYLF-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 claims 1
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- YHBDIEWMOMLKOO-UHFFFAOYSA-I pentachloroniobium Chemical group Cl[Nb](Cl)(Cl)(Cl)Cl YHBDIEWMOMLKOO-UHFFFAOYSA-I 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- OEIMLTQPLAGXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-I tantalum(v) chloride Chemical group Cl[Ta](Cl)(Cl)(Cl)Cl OEIMLTQPLAGXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-I 0.000 claims 1
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 100
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 96
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 92
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 91
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 90
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 63
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 49
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 37
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 32
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 24
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 21
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 20
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 18
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 10
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000006735 deficit Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000011833 salt mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910010165 TiCu Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 5
- ZWYDDDAMNQQZHD-UHFFFAOYSA-L titanium(ii) chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ti+2] ZWYDDDAMNQQZHD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 5
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000012300 argon atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002923 metal particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000003608 titanium Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052845 zircon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N zirconium(iv) silicate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229910001111 Fine metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- KUNZSLJMPCDOGI-UHFFFAOYSA-L [Cl-].[Cl-].[Hf+2] Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Hf+2] KUNZSLJMPCDOGI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001507 metal halide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000005309 metal halides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- -1 sodium Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000008247 solid mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- YONPGGFAJWQGJC-UHFFFAOYSA-K titanium(iii) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Ti](Cl)Cl YONPGGFAJWQGJC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- KPZGRMZPZLOPBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dichloro-2,2-bis(chloromethyl)propane Chemical compound ClCC(CCl)(CCl)CCl KPZGRMZPZLOPBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021578 Iron(III) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001209 Low-carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium Chemical compound [Na] KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910010068 TiCl2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SKTLPJZUIPLHHW-UHFFFAOYSA-I [Cl-].[Na+].[Ti+4].[Cl-].[Cl-].[Cl-].[Cl-] Chemical compound [Cl-].[Na+].[Ti+4].[Cl-].[Cl-].[Cl-].[Cl-] SKTLPJZUIPLHHW-UHFFFAOYSA-I 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001462 antimony Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- FAPDDOBMIUGHIN-UHFFFAOYSA-K antimony trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Sb](Cl)Cl FAPDDOBMIUGHIN-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- VMPVEPPRYRXYNP-UHFFFAOYSA-I antimony(5+);pentachloride Chemical compound Cl[Sb](Cl)(Cl)(Cl)Cl VMPVEPPRYRXYNP-UHFFFAOYSA-I 0.000 description 1
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004035 construction material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000374 eutectic mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005188 flotation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005243 fluidization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen iodide Chemical compound I XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe](Cl)Cl RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 238000011866 long-term treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001510 metal chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002927 oxygen compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005191 phase separation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004663 powder metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012429 reaction media Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011946 reduction process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000012265 solid product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003609 titanium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- VPGLGRNSAYHXPY-UHFFFAOYSA-L zirconium(2+);dichloride Chemical compound Cl[Zr]Cl VPGLGRNSAYHXPY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02G—HOT GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINE PLANTS; USE OF WASTE HEAT OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F02G1/00—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants
- F02G1/04—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants of closed-cycle type
- F02G1/043—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants of closed-cycle type the engine being operated by expansion and contraction of a mass of working gas which is heated and cooled in one of a plurality of constantly communicating expansible chambers, e.g. Stirling cycle type engines
- F02G1/053—Component parts or details
- F02G1/055—Heaters or coolers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J4/00—Feed or outlet devices; Feed or outlet control devices
- B01J4/001—Feed or outlet devices as such, e.g. feeding tubes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J4/00—Feed or outlet devices; Feed or outlet control devices
- B01J4/008—Feed or outlet control devices
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24V—COLLECTION, PRODUCTION OR USE OF HEAT NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F24V30/00—Apparatus or devices using heat produced by exothermal chemical reactions other than combustion
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
NL6813987A NL6813987A (es) | 1968-09-30 | 1968-09-30 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
NO127517B true NO127517B (es) | 1973-07-02 |
Family
ID=19804793
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
NO03856/69A NO127517B (es) | 1968-09-30 | 1969-09-27 |
Country Status (11)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3662739A (es) |
BE (1) | BE739550A (es) |
CA (1) | CA923002A (es) |
CH (1) | CH512042A (es) |
DE (1) | DE1948307A1 (es) |
DK (1) | DK124043B (es) |
FR (1) | FR2019215A1 (es) |
GB (1) | GB1288417A (es) |
NL (1) | NL6813987A (es) |
NO (1) | NO127517B (es) |
SE (1) | SE351461B (es) |
Families Citing this family (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2498946B1 (fr) * | 1980-11-10 | 1986-05-09 | Europ Propulsion | Injecteur composite pour l'introduction d'un premier produit corrosif dans une chaudiere contenant un deuxieme produit corrosif |
FR2604373B1 (fr) * | 1986-09-26 | 1990-03-09 | Europ Propulsion | Injecteur composite pour l'introduction d'un premier produit corrosif dans une enceinte contenant un deuxieme produit corrosif |
JPH0582507A (ja) * | 1991-09-18 | 1993-04-02 | Applied Materials Japan Kk | 液体気化バルブ |
CN104359230B (zh) * | 2013-10-22 | 2016-08-24 | 青岛玉兰祥商务服务有限公司 | 一种太阳能热水器系统 |
CN104406308B (zh) * | 2013-10-22 | 2016-08-24 | 青岛玉兰祥商务服务有限公司 | 一种太阳能热水器系统 |
CN104406223B (zh) * | 2013-10-22 | 2016-08-24 | 青岛玉兰祥商务服务有限公司 | 一种设置散热器的太阳能热水器系统 |
CN104359229B (zh) * | 2013-10-22 | 2016-02-24 | 广东水利电力职业技术学院 | 一种智能阀门控制的太阳能吸热系统 |
CN104406307B (zh) * | 2013-10-22 | 2016-08-24 | 华北理工大学 | 一种自动控制自动加热的太阳能热水利用系统 |
CN104359231B (zh) * | 2013-10-22 | 2016-08-24 | 青岛玉兰祥商务服务有限公司 | 一种太阳能热利用系统 |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3161192A (en) * | 1960-12-06 | 1964-12-15 | Mark E Mccormack | Air-conditioned protective garment and air-supply-and-conditioning apparatus for the same |
US3229681A (en) * | 1961-08-25 | 1966-01-18 | Ethyl Corp | Warming suit |
US3367319A (en) * | 1966-11-09 | 1968-02-06 | Firewel Company Inc | Apparatus for heating a diver clothed in a suit and immersed in cold water |
US3385286A (en) * | 1967-01-25 | 1968-05-28 | Westinghouse Electric Corp | Hydrogen-oxygen catalytic heater |
US3450127A (en) * | 1968-02-26 | 1969-06-17 | Aro Of Buffalo Inc | Chemical packheater for diver's suit |
-
1968
- 1968-09-30 NL NL6813987A patent/NL6813987A/xx unknown
-
1969
- 1969-09-24 DE DE19691948307 patent/DE1948307A1/de active Pending
- 1969-09-24 US US860521A patent/US3662739A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1969-09-26 GB GB4743669A patent/GB1288417A/en not_active Expired
- 1969-09-26 DK DK515569AA patent/DK124043B/da unknown
- 1969-09-26 CA CA063204A patent/CA923002A/en not_active Expired
- 1969-09-27 NO NO03856/69A patent/NO127517B/no unknown
- 1969-09-29 SE SE13385/69A patent/SE351461B/xx unknown
- 1969-09-29 CH CH1466869A patent/CH512042A/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1969-09-29 BE BE739550D patent/BE739550A/xx unknown
- 1969-09-30 FR FR6933260A patent/FR2019215A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CH512042A (de) | 1971-08-31 |
US3662739A (en) | 1972-05-16 |
NL6813987A (es) | 1970-04-01 |
BE739550A (es) | 1970-03-31 |
SE351461B (es) | 1972-11-27 |
CA923002A (en) | 1973-03-20 |
DE1948307A1 (de) | 1970-04-16 |
FR2019215A1 (es) | 1970-06-26 |
GB1288417A (es) | 1972-09-06 |
DK124043B (da) | 1972-09-04 |
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