NO121750B - - Google Patents
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- Publication number
- NO121750B NO121750B NO0876/68A NO87668A NO121750B NO 121750 B NO121750 B NO 121750B NO 0876/68 A NO0876/68 A NO 0876/68A NO 87668 A NO87668 A NO 87668A NO 121750 B NO121750 B NO 121750B
- Authority
- NO
- Norway
- Prior art keywords
- hydrocarbon
- elastomers
- elastomer
- silicone
- gaskets
- Prior art date
Links
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 12
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920002379 silicone rubber Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000013536 elastomeric material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001195 polyisoprene Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 229920001897 terpolymer Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000004073 vulcanization Methods 0.000 description 8
- 206010042674 Swelling Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 3
- XMNIXWIUMCBBBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-phenylpropan-2-ylperoxy)propan-2-ylbenzene Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(C)(C)OOC(C)(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 XMNIXWIUMCBBBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000459 Nitrile rubber Polymers 0.000 description 2
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NTXGQCSETZTARF-UHFFFAOYSA-N buta-1,3-diene;prop-2-enenitrile Chemical compound C=CC=C.C=CC#N NTXGQCSETZTARF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920005549 butyl rubber Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003064 anti-oxidating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 dicumyl peroxide Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011872 intimate mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002075 main ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
- F16J15/00—Sealings
- F16J15/16—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces
- F16J15/18—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with stuffing-boxes for elastic or plastic packings
- F16J15/20—Packing materials therefor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/02—Elements
- C08K3/04—Carbon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/02—Elements
- C08K3/06—Sulfur
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
- C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/0008—Organic ingredients according to more than one of the "one dot" groups of C08K5/01 - C08K5/59
- C08K5/0025—Crosslinking or vulcanising agents; including accelerators
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/04—Oxygen-containing compounds
- C08K5/14—Peroxides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/36—Sulfur-, selenium-, or tellurium-containing compounds
- C08K5/37—Thiols
- C08K5/372—Sulfides, e.g. R-(S)x-R'
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08L23/16—Elastomeric ethene-propene or ethene-propene-diene copolymers, e.g. EPR and EPDM rubbers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L83/00—Compositions of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing silicon with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen or carbon only; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L83/00—Compositions of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing silicon with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen or carbon only; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L83/04—Polysiloxanes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L9/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of conjugated diene hydrocarbons
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K3/00—Materials not provided for elsewhere
- C09K3/10—Materials in mouldable or extrudable form for sealing or packing joints or covers
- C09K3/1006—Materials in mouldable or extrudable form for sealing or packing joints or covers characterised by the chemical nature of one of its constituents
- C09K3/1018—Macromolecular compounds having one or more carbon-to-silicon linkages
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
- F16J15/00—Sealings
- F16J15/02—Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces
- F16J15/06—Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces with solid packing compressed between sealing surfaces
- F16J15/10—Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces with solid packing compressed between sealing surfaces with non-metallic packing
- F16J15/102—Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces with solid packing compressed between sealing surfaces with non-metallic packing characterised by material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2312/00—Crosslinking
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L9/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of conjugated diene hydrocarbons
- C08L9/06—Copolymers with styrene
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Sealing Material Composition (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Gasket Seals (AREA)
Description
Gasstett pakning. Gas-tight packing.
Foreliggende oppfinnelse angår bruken av spesielle materialer for fremstilling av gasstette pakninger. The present invention relates to the use of special materials for the production of gas-tight gaskets.
Utforelsen av pakninger som normalt skal arbeide under et hoyt gass-fcrykk og som skal tåle trykk-variasjoner, eventuelt periodiske, uten å rives opp og uten for store eller varige oppsvulminger etter sammentrykninger, byr på tallrike vanskelig-heter. The design of gaskets which must normally work under a high gas pressure and which must withstand pressure variations, possibly periodic, without tearing open and without excessively large or lasting swellings after compressions, presents numerous difficulties.
De materialer som vanlig anvendes, f.eks. butadien-akrylnitril-eller etylen-popylen- kopolymere eller butylgvanmi har en for langsom desorpsjonshastighet, spesielt butylgummi. Andre stoffer, hvis desorpsjonshastighet. kunne være tilfredsstillende har mekaniske egenskaper som gjor at de ikke kan brukes. The materials that are commonly used, e.g. butadiene-acrylonitrile or ethylene-popylene copolymers or butyl rubber have too slow a desorption rate, especially butyl rubber. Other substances, whose desorption rate. could be satisfactory have mechanical properties that make them unusable.
Foreliggende oppfinnelse er spesielt av interesse for fremstill-ingen av- pakninger som skal brukes i kjernereaktorer som er kjolet ved hjelp av en gass, for å skille et trykkfast rom som f.eks. inneholder karbondioksydgass under et trykk på 60 bar fra omgivelsene. De elastomerer som vanlig brukes, og spesielt butadien-akrylnitril-kopolymeiaie, har etter sammentrykking en betydelig oppsvulming, som kan gå. opp i 100#, og en tilbake-vendings-tid på flere timer, noe som ikke lar seg forene med de krav som driften av reaktoren stiller. Pakninger som er fremstilt av blandinger på grunnlag av silikon-elåstomere, vender temmelig raskt tilbake til utgangsstillingene,nen de kan ikke brukes da deres mekaniske egenskaper ikke strekker til og gir seg uttrykk i losninger og sprekker inne, i det material som pakningen består av. The present invention is of particular interest for the production of packages to be used in nuclear reactors that are cooled by means of a gas, to separate a pressurized space such as e.g. contains carbon dioxide gas under a pressure of 60 bar from the surroundings. The elastomers that are commonly used, and especially butadiene-acrylonitrile copolymers, have a significant swelling after compression, which can go away. up to 100#, and a turnaround time of several hours, which cannot be reconciled with the requirements of operating the reactor. Gaskets made from mixtures based on silicone elastomers return rather quickly to their initial positions, but they cannot be used as their mechanical properties are not sufficient and are expressed in loosening and cracks inside, in the material of which the gasket is made.
Foreliggende oppfinnelse går ut på bruken av materialer som bedre enn de kjente tilfredstiller de fordringer som stilles i praksis. The present invention involves the use of materials which better than the known ones satisfy the demands made in practice.
Oppfinnelsen angår bruken av elastomert material for gass-trykk The invention relates to the use of elastomeric material for gas pressure
som kan variere raskt mellom trykk som er tilstrekkelig hoye til which can vary quickly between pressures that are sufficiently high to
å bevirke betydelig absorbering av gass i det material som er brukt i pakningen, og verdier som er tilstrekkelig lave til å fremkalle en betydelig avgivelse av slik absorbert gass, og det særegne består i at det for fremstilling av pakninger for tetning av rom som inneholder gass som kan være utsatt for raske og betydelige trykkfall ved åpning av rommet, anvendes et elastomer-material som består- av kovulkanisat av minst en silikon- to cause significant absorption of gas in the material used in the packing, and values that are sufficiently low to cause a significant release of such absorbed gas, and the distinctive feature is that for the production of packings for sealing spaces containing gas which may be exposed to rapid and significant pressure drops when the room is opened, an elastomer material is used which consists of covulcanizate of at least one silicone
elaøtomer og en hydrokarbon-elas tomer. elastomer and a hydrocarbon elastomer.
En pakning hvor oppfinnelsen er tilpasset kan fremstilles på fdlgende måte: Det fremstilles forst en intim blanding av silikon- og hydrokarbon-elastomerene, hvoretter det tilsettes en blanding av en aksellerator som skal fremkalle kovulkaniseringen av elastomerene, og forskjellige fyllstoffer. Valget mellom de forskjellige hydrokarbon-elastomera som kan brukes, avhenger av de forhold hvorunder pakningen skal brukes. Spesielt hvis den atmosfære hvor pakningen skal arbeide inneholder oljedamper, er det å foretrekke å bruke en åcrylnitril-butadien-kopolymer. Blandingen av elastomerene kan foretas ved knaing i en blander. Hydrokarbon-elastomeren foreligger i alminnelighet i form av en gelatin-lignende masse hvor silikon-elastomeren tilsettes. A seal to which the invention is adapted can be produced in the following way: First, an intimate mixture of the silicone and hydrocarbon elastomers is produced, after which a mixture of an accelerator is added to induce the covulcanization of the elastomers, and various fillers. The choice between the different hydrocarbon elastomers that can be used depends on the conditions under which the gasket is to be used. Especially if the atmosphere in which the gasket is to work contains oil vapors, it is preferable to use an acrylonitrile-butadiene copolymer. The elastomers can be mixed by kneading in a mixer. The hydrocarbon elastomer is generally available in the form of a gelatin-like mass to which the silicone elastomer is added.
Til denne blanding skal det settes en aksellerator, som vesentlig skal fremme kovulkaniseringen av hydrokarbon- og silikon-elastomerene. Blant de akselleratorer som kan brukes for disse formål kan nevnes egende peroksyder, f.eks. dikumyl-peroksyd, eventuelt tilsatt kalsiumkarbonat. An accelerator must be added to this mixture, which will significantly promote the covulcanization of the hydrocarbon and silicone elastomers. Among the accelerators that can be used for these purposes can be mentioned proper peroxides, e.g. dicumyl peroxide, optionally added calcium carbonate.
Dikumylperoksyd, tilsatt i pulverform, blir også blandet intimt med hoved-bestanddelene. Dicumyl peroxide, added in powder form, is also mixed intimately with the main ingredients.
Forskjellige fyllstoffer kan også settes til blandingen. Det kan særlig være sot som vesentlig skal forbedre hårdheten av den endelige blanding, eller en liten mengde sulfat, eller akselleratorer som avgir svovel, samt sinkoksyd og passende anti-oksydasjonsmidler valgt blant dem som ikke lar seg blande eler bare blander seg med peroksydene. Som eksempel kan folgende sammensetning nevnes: Various fillers can also be added to the mixture. In particular, it can be carbon black, which should significantly improve the hardness of the final mixture, or a small amount of sulfate, or accelerators that emit sulfur, as well as zinc oxide and suitable anti-oxidizing agents selected from those that do not allow mixing or only mix with the peroxides. As an example, the following composition can be mentioned:
Det er klart at forholdet mellom mengden av silikon- og hydrokarbon- elastomere som', i eksemplet er 1:1, kan endres og gå i retning av en overvekt av silikonelastomere eller en overvekt av hydrokarbonelastomere, alt etter de resultater som til-strebes. It is clear that the ratio between the amount of silicone and hydrocarbon elastomers, which in the example is 1:1, can be changed and go in the direction of a predominance of silicone elastomers or a predominance of hydrocarbon elastomers, depending on the results sought.
Likeledes kan de relative mengder av de forskjellige tilsetnings-stoffer variere og spesielt kan mengden av sot være storre eller mindre, alt etter den hårdhet som etterstrebes. Likewise, the relative amounts of the different additives can vary and in particular the amount of soot can be greater or less, depending on the desired hardness.
Når forst den intime blanding av alle bestanddelene er foretatt, bor materialet fortrinnsvis brukes i lopet av noen dager for å unngå begynnelsen av en vulkanisering som foregår selv uten oppvarmning. Materialet tilformes og anbringes i en form og varmes opp for å fremkalle en forvulkanisering. Denne behandling foretas i alminnelighet for .de hydrokarbon-elastomere som er nevnt ovenfor ved en temperatur mellom 150 og 160°C, dvs. ved en temperatur som er den som i alminnelighet brukes for forvulkanisering av silikonelastomere, i en tid som selvsagt avhenger av dimensjonene for pakningen. For-vulkaniseringen stanses såsnart temperaturen har nådd 159-160°C inne i massen. Once the intimate mixing of all the components has been carried out, the material should preferably be used over the course of a few days to avoid the beginning of a vulcanisation which takes place even without heating. The material is shaped and placed in a mold and heated to induce pre-vulcanization. This treatment is generally carried out for the hydrocarbon elastomers mentioned above at a temperature between 150 and 160°C, i.e. at a temperature that is generally used for pre-vulcanization of silicone elastomers, in a time which of course depends on the dimensions for the packing. The pre-vulcanization is stopped as soon as the temperature has reached 159-160°C inside the mass.
Pakningene blir så tatt ut av formene og undergitt en endelig vulkanisering.. Denne kan være: (A) enten en vulkanisering i ovn, ved en temperatur av samme størrelsesorden som ved for-vulkairiseringen i en tid som kan være The gaskets are then removed from the molds and subjected to a final vulcanization. This can be: (A) either a vulcanization in an oven, at a temperature of the same order of magnitude as in the pre-vulcanization for a time that can be
av størrelsesordenen 36 timer, of the order of 36 hours,
(B) en bestråling med gammastråler mad en dose på mellom 15 og. (B) an irradiation with gamma rays mad a dose of between 15 and.
30 megarad, 30 megarad,
(C) eller, og denne behandling synes å være den beste, en vulkanisering i ovn etterfulgt av en bestråling slik som angitt (C) or, and this treatment appears to be the best, a vulcanization in an oven followed by an irradiation as indicated
ovenfor. above.
Under bruk av an blanding fremstilt som angitt ovenfor, er det oppnådd pakninger med folgende mekaniske egenskaper: Using a mixture prepared as indicated above, gaskets with the following mechanical properties have been obtained:
De pakninger som er fremstilt på denne måten har liten svelling etter et voldsomt trykkfall fra 60 bar til atmosfæretrykk og gjeninntar sin utgangs-dimensjon med en varig svelling som er meget liten, 0£% etter 15 minutter. The gaskets produced in this way have little swelling after a violent pressure drop from 60 bar to atmospheric pressure and regain their initial dimension with a permanent swelling which is very small, 0£% after 15 minutes.
De fordelaktige materialegenskaper som er oppnådd, skyldes sannsynligvis kombinasjonen av de gode desorpsjons-egenskaper for The advantageous material properties that have been achieved are probably due to the combination of the good desorption properties for
silikon-elastomere og de mekaniske egenskaper for hydrokarbon-elastomerene, hvis diffusjons-koeffiesienter derimot er forholdsvis små. silicone elastomers and the mechanical properties of the hydrocarbon elastomers, whose diffusion coefficients, on the other hand, are relatively small.
Claims (3)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR98412A FR1547392A (en) | 1967-03-10 | 1967-03-10 | Process for preparing seals and products conforming to those obtained by applying the process |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
NO121750B true NO121750B (en) | 1971-04-05 |
Family
ID=8626770
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
NO0876/68A NO121750B (en) | 1967-03-10 | 1968-03-07 |
Country Status (10)
Country | Link |
---|---|
BE (1) | BE711776A (en) |
CH (1) | CH508829A (en) |
DE (1) | DE1694496A1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES351445A1 (en) |
FI (1) | FI46511C (en) |
FR (1) | FR1547392A (en) |
GB (1) | GB1197522A (en) |
LU (1) | LU55636A1 (en) |
NL (1) | NL6803423A (en) |
NO (1) | NO121750B (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2470149A2 (en) * | 1979-11-21 | 1981-05-29 | Celtite Sa | IMPROVEMENTS IN METHODS OF SEALING BOLTS OF MINES AND THE LIKE |
-
1967
- 1967-03-10 FR FR98412A patent/FR1547392A/en not_active Expired
-
1968
- 1968-03-06 BE BE711776D patent/BE711776A/xx unknown
- 1968-03-07 NO NO0876/68A patent/NO121750B/no unknown
- 1968-03-07 CH CH352568A patent/CH508829A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1968-03-08 GB GB11560/68A patent/GB1197522A/en not_active Expired
- 1968-03-08 LU LU55636D patent/LU55636A1/xx unknown
- 1968-03-09 FI FI680651A patent/FI46511C/en active
- 1968-03-09 ES ES351445A patent/ES351445A1/en not_active Expired
- 1968-03-11 NL NL6803423A patent/NL6803423A/xx unknown
- 1968-03-11 DE DE19681694496 patent/DE1694496A1/en active Pending
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FI46511B (en) | 1973-01-02 |
BE711776A (en) | 1968-09-06 |
CH508829A (en) | 1971-06-15 |
FR1547392A (en) | 1968-11-29 |
NL6803423A (en) | 1968-09-11 |
DE1694496A1 (en) | 1971-09-16 |
GB1197522A (en) | 1970-07-08 |
ES351445A1 (en) | 1969-12-01 |
FI46511C (en) | 1973-04-10 |
LU55636A1 (en) | 1969-10-02 |
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