NO118158B - - Google Patents
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- NO118158B NO118158B NO16447766A NO16447766A NO118158B NO 118158 B NO118158 B NO 118158B NO 16447766 A NO16447766 A NO 16447766A NO 16447766 A NO16447766 A NO 16447766A NO 118158 B NO118158 B NO 118158B
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- Prior art keywords
- sand
- mixture
- phosphate
- calculated
- mold
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- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 86
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 45
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000001488 sodium phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- -1 polyoxyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- GCLGEJMYGQKIIW-UHFFFAOYSA-H sodium hexametaphosphate Chemical group [Na]OP1(=O)OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])O1 GCLGEJMYGQKIIW-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000019982 sodium hexametaphosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000001577 tetrasodium phosphonato phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 7
- BNIILDVGGAEEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].OP([O-])([O-])=O BNIILDVGGAEEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000397 disodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019800 disodium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000406 trisodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019801 trisodium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000162 sodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011008 sodium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- FQENQNTWSFEDLI-UHFFFAOYSA-J sodium diphosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O FQENQNTWSFEDLI-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 claims description 2
- UGTZMIPZNRIWHX-UHFFFAOYSA-K sodium trimetaphosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P1(=O)OP([O-])(=O)OP([O-])(=O)O1 UGTZMIPZNRIWHX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019832 sodium triphosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019818 tetrasodium diphosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 86
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 17
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 17
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 11
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 8
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 8
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 3
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229920000388 Polyphosphate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000001205 polyphosphate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000011176 polyphosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- SPJMAPNWDLIVRR-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;3-chloro-2-phenylphenolate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C1=CC=CC(Cl)=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 SPJMAPNWDLIVRR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methyl-2,4-dioxo-1,3-diazinane-5-carboximidamide Chemical compound CN1CC(C(N)=N)C(=O)NC1=O IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019482 Palm oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000006004 Quartz sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007859 condensation product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013068 control sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009931 harmful effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002540 palm oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010413 sodium alginate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000661 sodium alginate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940005550 sodium alginate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C1/00—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds
- B22C1/16—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds characterised by the use of binding agents; Mixtures of binding agents
- B22C1/18—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds characterised by the use of binding agents; Mixtures of binding agents of inorganic agents
- B22C1/185—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds characterised by the use of binding agents; Mixtures of binding agents of inorganic agents containing phosphates, phosphoric acids or its derivatives
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Mold Materials And Core Materials (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Description
Sandblanding for støpeformer og sandkjerner.Sand mixture for molds and sand cores.
Foreliggende oppfinnelse angår en sandbland i ng nom er egnet, for stopeformer og sandkjerner. The present invention relates to a sand mixture in which nom is suitable, for stop molds and sand cores.
En av de viktigste egenskaper ved stopesand som anvendesOne of the most important properties of the stoping sand used
i former for stoping av metallgjenstander, nr sandens formnings-egenskaper. Dette oetyr at sanden må ha t i. 1 f mdss t L1 lende flvt-barhet da denne egenskap har en avgjorende innflytelse på kvali-teten av den gjenstand som skal stopes. En annen viktig egenskap ved stopesand er at sanden må gi den fremstilte stopeform stor styrke. Dessuten er hurtig torking av formen av stor betydning fra et okonomisk synspunkt. in forms for stuffing metal objects, no the shaping properties of the sand. This does not mean that the sand must have t i. 1 f mdss t L1 lend flvtability as this property has a decisive influence on the quality of the object to be stopped. Another important property of stope sand is that the sand must give the produced stope shape great strength. Also, rapid drying of the mold is of great importance from an economic point of view.
Vanligvis anvendes såkalt blandet stopesand i stopeformer, dvs. sand som er blandet med et bindemiddeL eller sammenbakningsmiddel, som f.eks. sement. De forskjellige typer blandet sand har imidlertid en alvorlig ulempe fordi bindemidlet eller sammenbakningsmidlet er tilboyelig til å senke sandens flytbarhet slik at sanden ikke når eller ikke på tilfredsstillende måte kan trenge frem til begrensede eller snevre deler av formmønsteret eller modellen. Det har vært forsokt å overkomme denne ulempe ved å stampe sanden inn i stoper.ammen eller stopeboksen. Dette gir imidlertid ikke alltid tilfredsstillende resultater og er dessuten meget tidskrevende og således dyrt. Stopestykker fremstilt i vanlige former har derfor ikke tilfredsstillende overflateegen-skaper . Commonly, so-called mixed stoping sand is used in stoping forms, i.e. sand that has been mixed with a binder or caking agent, such as e.g. cement. However, the different types of mixed sand have a serious disadvantage because the binder or caking agent tends to lower the fluidity of the sand so that the sand does not reach or cannot satisfactorily penetrate limited or narrow parts of the mold pattern or model. Attempts have been made to overcome this disadvantage by tamping the sand into the stoper.ammen or stopebox. However, this does not always give satisfactory results and is also very time-consuming and thus expensive. Stoppers produced in normal shapes therefore do not have satisfactory surface properties.
De vanlige stopeformer fremstilt fra tidligere kjente sandblandinger krever vanligvis over<*>+0 timer for å torke til en tilstrekkelig styrke til at smeltet metall kan stopes i dem. Dette er selvsagt meget uokonomisk og oker prisen på de ferdige stopestykker. The common stop shapes made from prior art sand mixtures usually require over<*>+0 hours to dry to a sufficient strength to allow molten metal to be stopped in them. This is of course very uneconomical and increases the price of the finished stop pieces.
Det er kjent ved fremstilling av et ildfast materiale å an-vende et fosfat som hovedherdemiddel. Det er dessuten kjent ved fremstilling av en ildfast form for stoping av metaller å an-vende en oppslemning av sand eller andre ildfaste materialer, natriumhexametafosfat og vann, og å stope denne oppslemning rundt en modell for så å la oppslemningen storkne. Natriumhexametafos-fatet settes til oppslemningen for å forbedre dens flytbarhet. Videre er det kjent å blande sand med et overflateaktivt middel, som palmeolje, såpe og kondensasjonsprodukter av ethylenoxyd og fenoler, og en vandig opplosning av en geldannende forbindelse, som natriumalginat, eller et stoff som vil oke oppløsningens viskositet eller fremme geldannelsen hvorved sanden bindes. It is known when producing a refractory material to use a phosphate as the main hardening agent. It is also known when producing a refractory form for stuffing metals to use a slurry of sand or other refractory materials, sodium hexametaphosphate and water, and to stuff this slurry around a model and then let the slurry solidify. The sodium hexametaphos dish is added to the slurry to improve its flowability. Furthermore, it is known to mix sand with a surface-active agent, such as palm oil, soap and condensation products of ethylene oxide and phenols, and an aqueous solution of a gel-forming compound, such as sodium alginate, or a substance that will increase the viscosity of the solution or promote gel formation whereby the sand binds.
Det.er et hovedformål ved foreliggende oppfinnelse å fremskaffe en sandblanding som overkommer de tidligere ulemper og mangler, og som torker relativt hurtig til en styrke som. er tilstrekkelig til at formen kan anvendes for stopeformål. It is a main purpose of the present invention to provide a sand mixture which overcomes the previous disadvantages and shortcomings, and which dries relatively quickly to a strength which is sufficient for the form to be used for stopping purposes.
Et annet formålved oppfinnelsen er å fremskaffe en sandblanding med de for nevnte egenskaper-og som har tilfredsstillende flytbarhet for derved å redusere formfremstillingstiden. Another purpose of the invention is to provide a sand mixture with the above-mentioned properties - and which has satisfactory fluidity in order thereby to reduce the mold making time.
Nok et formål ved oppfinnelsen er å fremskaffe en sandblanding av den angitte type som gir bedre stoperesultater enn tidligere og som gjor stampning unodvendig. Another object of the invention is to provide a sand mixture of the specified type which gives better stopping results than previously and which makes tamping unnecessary.
Kort sagt fåes ved foreliggende oppfinnelse en god stopesand. In short, a good stopping sand is obtained with the present invention.
ved å blande sanden ikke bare med det vanlige bindemiddel eller sammenbakningsmiddel, men også med et middel som fremmer torking og herdning av sanden, og med et dispergeringsmiddel som oker sandblandingens flytbarhet. by mixing the sand not only with the usual binder or caking agent, but also with an agent that promotes drying and hardening of the sand, and with a dispersant that increases the flowability of the sand mixture.
Oppfinnelsen angår således en sandblanding for stopeformerThe invention thus relates to a sand mixture for stop molds
og sandkjerner, og sandblandingen er særpreget ved at den inneholder en kombinasjon av de hver for seg kjente komponenter: and sand cores, and the sand mixture is distinctive in that it contains a combination of the individually known components:
a) sement som bindemiddel,a) cement as binder,
b) 0,5 til 5 vekt%, beregnet på sanden, av minst ett natrium-fosfat som herdningsfremmende middel, og c) dessuten 0,1 til 2 vekt$, beregnet på sanden, av et ikke-ionisk dispergeringsmiddel, fortrinnsvis polyoxyethylenoxyd. b) 0.5 to 5% by weight, calculated on the sand, of at least one sodium phosphate as curing agent, and c) in addition 0.1 to 2% by weight, calculated on the sand, of a non-ionic dispersant, preferably polyoxyethylene oxide.
Det har vist seg at visse fosfater, innbefattende fosfaterIt has been shown that certain phosphates, including phosphates
av kondensasjons- eller poiymerisasjonstypen, når de blandes med stopesand, nedsetter sandens torketid i betraktelig grad og bevirker at formen herder til en tilstrekkelig styrke i lopet av en brokdel av den tid som kreves for en sandblanding uten det an- of the condensation or polymerization type, when mixed with stoping sand, reduces the drying time of the sand to a considerable extent and causes the mold to harden to a sufficient strength in a fraction of the time required for a sand mixture without the
vendte fosfat ifolge oppfinnelsen. Det har vist seg at påskynd-elsen av torkingen og herdningen av sanden fremmes spesielt av natrlumhexametafosfat, dinatriumfosfat, og trinatriumfosfat. reversed phosphate according to the invention. It has been found that the acceleration of the drying and hardening of the sand is particularly promoted by sodium hexametaphosphate, disodium phosphate, and trisodium phosphate.
Andre fosfater er imidlertid også egnet, og kan angis som folger: a) lineære polyfosfåter, som f.eks. tetranatriumpyrofosfat eller natriumtripolyfosfat, However, other phosphates are also suitable, and can be specified as follows: a) linear polyphosphates, such as e.g. tetrasodium pyrophosphate or sodium tripolyphosphate,
_b) cykliske polyfosfåter, som f.eks. natriumtrimetafosfat, _b) cyclic polyphosphates, such as e.g. sodium trimetaphosphate,
natriumhexametafosfat og lignende.sodium hexametaphosphate and the like.
Fosfater som selv ikke er effektive i materialene ifolge oppfinnelsen, gjbres effektive ved å danne addisjonsproduktet av slike fosfater med ett eller flere av de egnede fosfater, f.eks. fosfatene under a) og/eller b). Phosphates which are not themselves effective in the materials according to the invention are made effective by forming the addition product of such phosphates with one or more of the suitable phosphates, e.g. the phosphates under a) and/or b).
Med hensyn til sandens flytbarhet har det vist seg at utmerkede resultater fåes hvis sanden blandes med et ikke-ionisk dispergeringsmiddel, fortrinnsvis polyoxyethylenoxyd, i tillegg til de nevnte fosfater. Et slikt dispergeringsmiddel er overflateaktivt og har en dispergerende virkning på et vandig, sement-holdig system. With regard to the fluidity of the sand, it has been shown that excellent results are obtained if the sand is mixed with a non-ionic dispersant, preferably polyoxyethylene oxide, in addition to the mentioned phosphates. Such a dispersant is surface-active and has a dispersing effect on an aqueous, cement-containing system.
Utgangssanden som anvendes ved foreliggende oppfinnelse, er fortrinnsvis kvartssand og kan inneholde grafitt og andre tilsetninger foruten sammenbakningsmidlet eller bindemidlet, som kan utgjores av Portlandsement, alurainiumoxydsement eller lignende kjente binde-midler. The starting sand used in the present invention is preferably quartz sand and may contain graphite and other additives in addition to the binding agent or binder, which may be made of Portland cement, aluminum oxide cement or similar known binders.
Fig. la viser kurver sora angir forholdet mellom strekkfasthet og den naturlige torketid for en stdpeform fremstilt fra sandblandingen i Eksempel 1, Fig. la shows curves indicating the relationship between tensile strength and the natural drying time for a mold made from the sand mixture in Example 1,
fig. 2a og 2b viser diagrammer som angir forholdet mellom strekkfasthet og den naturlige torketid for en stdpeform fremstilt fra sand blandingen i Eksempel 2, og fig. 2a and 2b show diagrams indicating the relationship between tensile strength and the natural drying time for a mold made from the sand mixture in Example 2, and
fig. 3 viser et diagram som angir forholdet mellom strekkfasthet og den naturlige torketid for en stdpeform fremstilt fra sandblandingen i Eksempel 3. fig. 3 shows a diagram indicating the relationship between tensile strength and the natural drying time for a mold made from the sand mixture in Example 3.
EKSEMPEL 1EXAMPLE 1
Dette forsok ble utfort med en sand kjent i Japan somThis experiment was carried out with a sand known in Japan as
"Hakata No. 4". Sanden inneholder 89,18 vekt$ Si02og 8,42 vekt# A^O^. Sanden ble blandet og knadd med 10 vekt$ sement, beregnet på sanden, og 8 vekt/& vann. Sanden inneholdt også mindre mengder carbon. Den således erholdte blanding sora i det fdlgende er be-tegnet sora sand-utgangsblandingen, svarer stort sett til de konvensjonelle sand bland inger som anvendes til stopeformer. 1. Denne sand-utgangsblanding ble deretter blandet og knadd med 3 vekt$ natriumhexaaretafosfat, beregnet på "Hakata No. 4"-sanden. Fosfatet virker sora et herdningsfremmende middel ved fremstilling av en stdpeform. "Hakata No. 4". The sand contains 89.18 wt% Si02 and 8.42 wt% A^O^. The sand was mixed and kneaded with 10% by weight of cement, calculated for the sand, and 8% by weight of water. The sand also contained smaller amounts of carbon. The mixture thus obtained, which in the following is referred to as the starting sand-sand mixture, largely corresponds to the conventional sand mixtures used for stope moulds. 1. This starting sand mixture was then mixed and kneaded with 3 wt% of sodium hexaaretaphosphate, calculated for the "Hakata No. 4" sand. The phosphate acts as a curing agent during the production of a mold.
Etter formning av formen var densstrekkfasthet 1,67 kg/cm etter en naturlig torking i 3 timer ved værelsetemperatur. Etter 24 timerstorking ved værelsetemperatur var den tilsvarende strekkfasthet 3,6 kg/cm . After forming the mold, its tensile strength was 1.67 kg/cm after natural drying for 3 hours at room temperature. After 24 hours of drying at room temperature, the corresponding tensile strength was 3.6 kg/cm.
I et sammenlignende forsok ble en stdpeform av samme sandblanding tdrket ved 10°C. Strekkfastheten var i dette tilfelle 1,37 kg/cm 2 etter 3 timer og 3,37 kg/cm 2 etter 24 timer. In a comparative experiment, a mold of the same sand mixture was dried at 10°C. The tensile strength in this case was 1.37 kg/cm 2 after 3 hours and 3.37 kg/cm 2 after 24 hours.
I det folgende angir tallverdiene i parentes de verdier som fåes ved torking ved 10°G i motsetning til torking ved værelsetemperatur. In the following, the numerical values in brackets indicate the values obtained by drying at 10°G as opposed to drying at room temperature.
2. Sandblandingen fra punkt 1 ble ytterligere blandet med 0,1 vekt#, beregnet på sanden, av polyoxyethylenoxyd, som virker som flytbarhetsforbedrende dispergeringsmiddel. En stbpeform, ble så fremstilt fra den således anrikede sandblanding. Strekkfast- 2. The sand mixture from point 1 was further mixed with 0.1 wt#, calculated on the sand, of polyoxyethylene oxide, which acts as a fluidity-improving dispersant. A block mold was then produced from the thus enriched sand mixture. Tensile strength
heten var som folger:the name was as follows:
etter tre timer: 1,50 kg/cm 2 (1,00 kg/cm 2), ogafter three hours: 1.50 kg/cm 2 (1.00 kg/cm 2), and
etter 24 timer : 2,67 kg/cm 2 (3,47 kg/cm 2), idet tiden ble regnet fra formningen av formen. Signingen like etter blandings-og knaings-operasjonen var 186 mm. after 24 hours: 2.67 kg/cm 2 (3.47 kg/cm 2 ), the time being calculated from the shaping of the mold. The signature just after the mixing and kneading operation was 186 mm.
I det annet forsok ble mengden av polyoxyethylenoxyd oket, idet der til sandblandingen fra punkt 1 ble blandet og knadd 0,5 vekt$ polyoxyethylenoxyd. I dette tilfelle var sandblandingens signing 220 mm, mens strekkfastheten av en stopeform fremstilt fra blandingen var som folger: etter 3 timer: 1,65 kg/cm 2 (0,90 kg/cm 2), og etter 24 timer: 3,3'"'kg/cm<2>(2,80 kg/cm<2>). In the second trial, the amount of polyoxyethylene oxide was increased, as 0.5% by weight of polyoxyethylene oxide was mixed and kneaded into the sand mixture from point 1. In this case, the settlement of the sand mixture was 220 mm, while the tensile strength of a stop mold made from the mixture was as follows: after 3 hours: 1.65 kg/cm 2 (0.90 kg/cm 2 ), and after 24 hours: 3.3 '"'kg/cm<2> (2.80 kg/cm<2>).
Virkningen av tilsetningeneav henholdsvis natriumhexameta-fosfatet og dispergeringsmidlet er vist på fig. la og lb og angitt i Tabell 1. De tilsvarende verdier for en kontrollprove bestående av en konvensjonell sandblanding, uten tilsetningeneifolge oppfinnelsen, er også vist på fig. la og lb. The effect of the additions of the sodium hexametaphosphate and the dispersant, respectively, is shown in fig. la and lb and indicated in Table 1. The corresponding values for a control sample consisting of a conventional sand mixture, without the additions according to the invention, are also shown in fig. let and lb.
EKSEMPEL IIEXAMPLE II
"Hakata No. 4"-sand av samme type som i Eksempel 1 ble blandet og knadd med 10 vekt# sement beregnet på sandmengden, og 12 vekt$ vann. Materialet ble også blandet med en mindre mangde carbon. Den således erholdte sandblanding er en konvensjonell sandutgangsblanding som vanligvis anvendes ved fremstilling av stopeformer. 1. Sand-utgangsblandingen ble blandet og knadd med 3 vekt$ natriumhexametafosfat som herdningsfremmende middel, beregnet på sanden. En stopeform ble så fremstilt fra sandblandingen. "Hakata No. 4" sand of the same type as in Example 1 was mixed and kneaded with 10 weight# of cement calculated on the amount of sand, and 12 weight$ of water. The material was also mixed with a smaller amount of carbon. The sand mixture thus obtained is a conventional sand starting mixture which is usually used in the production of stop shapes. 1. The sand starting mixture was mixed and kneaded with 3 wt% of sodium hexametaphosphate as a curing agent, calculated on the sand. A stop mold was then produced from the sand mixture.
Pblgende strekkfastheter Me bestemt 3 og 24 timer etter formningen av formen: etter 3 timer : 1,30 kg/cm 2 (0,57 kg/cm 2), og etter 24 timer: 3,30 kg/cm<2>(2,77 kg/cm<2>). 2. Blandingen fra punkt 1 i dette eksempel ble blandet med 0,1 vekt# polyoxyethylenoxyd som dispergeringsmiddel, beregnet på sanden. Sigingen av den således erholdte sandblanding var 1,86 mm, og strekkfastheten til en stopeform fremstilt fra blandingen var som folger: etter 3 timer : 0,9 kg/cm 2 (0,6 kg/cm 2), og etter 24 timer : 3,00 kg/cm<2>(2,60 kg/cm<2>). The following tensile strengths were determined 3 and 24 hours after forming the mold: after 3 hours: 1.30 kg/cm 2 (0.57 kg/cm 2 ), and after 24 hours: 3.30 kg/cm<2>(2 .77 kg/cm<2>). 2. The mixture from point 1 in this example was mixed with 0.1 wt# of polyoxyethylene oxide as a dispersant, calculated on the sand. The thickness of the sand mixture thus obtained was 1.86 mm, and the tensile strength of a mold made from the mixture was as follows: after 3 hours: 0.9 kg/cm 2 (0.6 kg/cm 2 ), and after 24 hours: 3.00 kg/cm<2> (2.60 kg/cm<2>).
I et ytterligere forsok ble mengden av polyoxyethylenoxyd bket til 0,5 vekt#. Dette forte til en signing av 200 mm og fblgende strekkfasthet: etter 3 timer : 0,87 kg/cm<2>(0,87 kg/cm2), og etter 24 timer : 2,80 kg/cm<2>(2,63 kg/cm<2>). In a further experiment, the amount of polyoxyethylene oxide was increased to 0.5% by weight. This led to a thickness of 200 mm and the following tensile strength: after 3 hours: 0.87 kg/cm<2>(0.87 kg/cm2), and after 24 hours: 2.80 kg/cm<2>(2 .63 kg/cm<2>).
Virkningen av tilsetningen av de herdningsfremmende og dispergerende midler er angitt i Tabell 2 og på fig. 2a og 2b. Figurene inneholder også de tilsvarende verdier som fåes med en sandblanding uten tilsetningeneifolge oppfinnelsen. The effect of the addition of the hardening promoting and dispersing agents is indicated in Table 2 and in fig. 2a and 2b. The figures also contain the corresponding values obtained with a sand mixture without the additives according to the invention.
EKSEMPEL IIIEXAMPLE III
"Hakata No. 4"-sand ble blandet og knadd med 10 vekt# Portlandsement, beregnet på sanden, og 8 vekt# vann. Den således erholdte blanding er en konvensjonell sand-utgangsblanding, 1. Sand-utgangsblandingen ble blandet og knadd med 3 vekt# dinatriumf osf at som herdningsf remmende middel, beregnet på sanden.-Strekkfastheten til en stopeform fremstilt fra sandblandingen var som folger: "Hakata No. 4" sand was mixed and kneaded with 10 wt# of Portland cement, calculated for the sand, and 8 wt# of water. The mixture thus obtained is a conventional sand-starting mixture, 1. The sand-starting mixture was mixed and kneaded with 3 weight# of disodium phosphate as a hardening-promoting agent, calculated for the sand.-The tensile strength of a stope mold made from the sand mixture was as follows:
etter 3 timer : 0,58 kg/cm o, ogafter 3 hours: 0.58 kg/cm o, and
I etter 24 timer : 1,63 kg/cm o.After 24 hours: 1.63 kg/cm o.
2. I et annet forsok ble de 3 vekt# dinatriumfosfat erstattet med trinatriumfosfat ved at sandutgangsblandingen i eksempelet ble blandet med 3# trinatriumfosfat som herdningsfremmende middel. Fblgende strekkfasthet ble bestemt: 2. In another experiment, the 3 wt# of disodium phosphate was replaced with trisodium phosphate by mixing the sand starting mixture in the example with 3# of trisodium phosphate as a curing agent. The following tensile strength was determined:
etter 3 timer : 0,60 kg/cm 2, ogafter 3 hours: 0.60 kg/cm 2, and
etter 24 timer : 1,33 kg/cm .after 24 hours: 1.33 kg/cm.
Fig. 3 og Tabell 3 viser virkningen av tilsetningene ifolge oppfinnelsen på sandblandinger sammenlignet med konvensjonelle sandblandinger uten tilsetningene ifolge oppfinnelsen. Fig. 3 and Table 3 show the effect of the additives according to the invention on sand mixtures compared to conventional sand mixtures without the additives according to the invention.
Skjbnt 3 vekt#, beregnet på sanden, av det herdningsfremmende fosfat ble tilsatt i eksemplene, har forsbk vist at mengden av fosfat som tilsettes kan varieres innen visse grenser. Det har således vist seg at inntil 5 vekt#, beregnet på sanden, av fosfatet kan blandes med sand-utgangsblandingen uten skadelig virkning, idet der fremdeles fåea den bnskede påskynding av herdningen til den nød-vendige styrke. Slike relativt store tilblandinger av. herdningsfremmende middel er egnet hvis formningen av stbpeformen er ankel og ukomplisert og ikke krever lang tid. Når i motsetning til dette formningen av stbpeformen krever en relativt lang tid, kan mengden av herdningsfremmende middel som tilsettes til sand-utgangsblandingen, nedsettes til ca. 0,5 vekt#, beregnet på sanden. Selv ved en slik relativt liten mengde herdningsfremmende fosfat, kan virkningene ifolge oppfinnelsen ventes. Although 3 weight#, calculated on the sand, of the hardening-promoting phosphate was added in the examples, experiments have shown that the amount of phosphate added can be varied within certain limits. It has thus been shown that up to 5% by weight, calculated on the sand, of the phosphate can be mixed with the starting sand mixture without harmful effect, while still obtaining the desired acceleration of the hardening to the necessary strength. Such relatively large admixtures of. curing agent is suitable if the shaping of the stock mold is simple and uncomplicated and does not require a long time. When, in contrast, the forming of the block mold requires a relatively long time, the amount of curing agent added to the sand-starting mixture can be reduced to approx. 0.5 weight#, calculated on the sand. Even with such a relatively small amount of hardening-promoting phosphate, the effects according to the invention can be expected.
En tilsetning av ca. 0,5-5 vekt#, beregnet på sanden, avAn addition of approx. 0.5-5 weight#, calculated on the sand, of
det herdningsfremmende fosfat, gir således resultatene ifolge oppfinnelsen . the hardening-promoting phosphate thus gives the results according to the invention.
Med hensyn til dispergeringsmidlet gir. 0,1 - 2,0 vekt#, beregnet på sanden, utmerkede resultater. With regard to the dispersant provides. 0.1 - 2.0 wt#, calculated on the sand, excellent results.
Av ovenstående vil sees at tilsetningen ifolge oppfinnelsenFrom the above it will be seen that the addition according to the invention
av de angitte fosfater påskynder herdningen av formene til en tilstrekkelig strekkfasthet i bemerkelsesverdig grad, mens tilsetningen av dispergeringsmidlet forbedrer sandblandingens flytbarhet betraktelig. På denne måte gir den påfolgende stopning av metaller forbedrede resultater, og tiden for fremstillingen av formen og herdningen av denne nedsettes drastisk. of the specified phosphates accelerates the curing of the molds to a sufficient tensile strength to a remarkable degree, while the addition of the dispersant considerably improves the flowability of the sand mixture. In this way, the subsequent filling of metals gives improved results, and the time for the manufacture of the mold and its hardening is drastically reduced.
Det har vist seg at tilsetningen ifolge oppfinnelsen bevirker dannelsen av et stort antall bitte små luftblærer inne i sandform-strukturen, hvilket forer til en form med meget lav vekt. Dannelsen av disse bobler nedsetter også mengden av sand som kreves for fremstilling av formen. Sammenlignende forsok har således vist at inntil 20ft sand kan spares ved oppfinnelsen, i motsetning til former fremstilt fra konvensjonelle sandmaterialer. It has been shown that the addition according to the invention causes the formation of a large number of tiny air bubbles inside the sand mold structure, which leads to a mold with a very low weight. The formation of these bubbles also reduces the amount of sand required to make the mold. Comparative trials have thus shown that up to 20ft of sand can be saved by the invention, in contrast to forms made from conventional sand materials.
Oppfinnelsen er derfor meget nyttig og forer til en nedset-telse av fremstillingsomkostningene for former og reduserer også prisen på stopestykker fremstilt deri. The invention is therefore very useful and leads to a reduction in the manufacturing costs of molds and also reduces the price of stop pieces manufactured therein.
Claims (2)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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JP6477565 | 1965-10-22 |
Publications (1)
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NO118158B true NO118158B (en) | 1969-11-17 |
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NO16447766A NO118158B (en) | 1965-10-22 | 1966-08-29 |
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CH (1) | CH440564A (en) |
DE (1) | DE1508689B1 (en) |
GB (1) | GB1169013A (en) |
NL (1) | NL139248B (en) |
NO (1) | NO118158B (en) |
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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DE19549469C2 (en) * | 1995-07-12 | 1999-05-12 | Eichenauer Gmbh & Co Kg F | Casting core for casting molding and method for producing such a casting core |
GB2408260A (en) * | 2003-11-20 | 2005-05-25 | Doncasters Ltd | Moulding composition including water-insoluble lubricant |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE975673C (en) * | 1951-01-09 | 1962-04-26 | Mond Nickel Co Ltd | Mass for the production of fired precision master molds by overmolding a lost model |
BE508327A (en) * | 1951-01-09 | |||
CH317962A (en) * | 1953-12-14 | 1956-12-15 | Tobler August | Process for the production of foundry sand cores and molds |
BE551767A (en) * | 1955-10-14 | |||
LU35432A1 (en) * | 1956-09-05 | |||
FR1342529A (en) * | 1962-12-18 | 1963-11-08 | Liquid mixture for making cores and molds and method of making the same | |
FR1360620A (en) * | 1963-06-17 | 1964-05-08 | Foseco Trading Ag | Sand refinements for foundry |
-
1966
- 1966-08-29 NO NO16447766A patent/NO118158B/no unknown
- 1966-09-22 NL NL6613428A patent/NL139248B/en unknown
- 1966-09-23 DE DE19661508689 patent/DE1508689B1/en active Pending
- 1966-10-18 GB GB4662866A patent/GB1169013A/en not_active Expired
- 1966-10-21 CH CH1548866A patent/CH440564A/en unknown
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NL6613428A (en) | 1967-04-24 |
GB1169013A (en) | 1969-10-29 |
DE1508689B1 (en) | 1970-03-05 |
NL139248B (en) | 1973-07-16 |
CH440564A (en) | 1967-07-31 |
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