NO117436B - - Google Patents
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- Publication number
- NO117436B NO117436B NO15307564A NO15307564A NO117436B NO 117436 B NO117436 B NO 117436B NO 15307564 A NO15307564 A NO 15307564A NO 15307564 A NO15307564 A NO 15307564A NO 117436 B NO117436 B NO 117436B
- Authority
- NO
- Norway
- Prior art keywords
- hydrogen sulphide
- treatment
- approx
- cellulose
- mass
- Prior art date
Links
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- GRVFOGOEDUUMBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium sulfide (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[S-2] GRVFOGOEDUUMBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000010411 cooking Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002655 kraft paper Substances 0.000 description 3
- KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Na2O Inorganic materials [O-2].[Na+].[Na+] KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000218657 Picea Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000008331 Pinus X rigitaeda Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241000018646 Pinus brutia Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000011613 Pinus brutia Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229920005610 lignin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011122 softwood Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000208140 Acer Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000018185 Betula X alpestris Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000018212 Betula X uliginosa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000000731 Fagus sylvatica Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010099 Fagus sylvatica Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011121 hardwood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000015243 ice cream Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
- D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
- D02G1/00—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics
- D02G1/02—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics by twisting, fixing the twist and backtwisting, i.e. by imparting false twist
- D02G1/04—Devices for imparting false twist
- D02G1/06—Spindles
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
- D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
- D02G1/00—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics
- D02G1/02—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics by twisting, fixing the twist and backtwisting, i.e. by imparting false twist
- D02G1/04—Devices for imparting false twist
- D02G1/08—Rollers or other friction causing elements
- D02G1/082—Rollers or other friction causing elements with the periphery of at least one disc
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Spinning Or Twisting Of Yarns (AREA)
- Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
- Paper (AREA)
Description
Fremgangsmåte ved fremstilling av cellulose. Process for the production of cellulose.
Denne oppfinnelse angår utvinning av This invention relates to the extraction of
cellulose av treflis og andre råcellulose-fiberholdige materialer, og vedrører spe-sielt forbehandling av cellulosematerialet med svovelvannstoff, fulgt av en behandling med alkalisk kokevæske for å løse ut lignin-, harpiks- og andre uønskede bestanddeler fra råcellulosematerialet. cellulose from wood chips and other raw cellulose-fibrous materials, and specifically relates to pre-treatment of the cellulose material with hydrogen sulphide, followed by a treatment with alkaline cooking liquid to dissolve lignin, resin and other undesirable constituents from the raw cellulose material.
Ved oppfinnelsen oppnås et øket utbytte av høyverdig cellulose fra en gitt mengde råmateriale og dette en cellulose som har en tydelig øket viskositet fordi fibrene er blitt mindre degradert under fri-gjøringsbehandlingen. Ved oppfinnelsen oppnås det videre en cellulose av kraft-typen som gir et papir som har øket false-tall, målt ved Schopper bretteprøven. With the invention, an increased yield of high-quality cellulose is achieved from a given quantity of raw material, and this a cellulose which has a clearly increased viscosity because the fibers have become less degraded during the release treatment. With the invention, a cellulose of the kraft type is also obtained which gives a paper which has an increased number of folds, measured by the Schopper folding test.
I den vanlige kraftprosess blir treflis In the usual kraft process, wood chips become
eller annet egnet råmateriale kokt i en alkalisk kokevæske som inneholder både natriumsulfid og kaustisk soda som hoved-sakelig aktive bestanddeler, som fra treflisen løser ut de ligninholdige-, harpiks-holdige eller andre inkrusterende bestanddeler. Denne fremgangsmåte har riktig-nok vist seg overordentlig fordelaktig og har fått omfattende anvendelse, men det har vist seg at den derved erholdte masse har visse begrensninger med hensyn til fysiske og kjemiske egenskaper, hvilke begrensninger kan overvinnes ved hjelp av den foreliggende oppfinnelse. or other suitable raw material boiled in an alkaline cooking liquid containing both sodium sulphide and caustic soda as mainly active ingredients, which release the lignin-containing, resin-containing or other encrusting components from the wood chips. This method has indeed proved to be extremely advantageous and has been widely used, but it has been shown that the mass thus obtained has certain limitations with regard to physical and chemical properties, which limitations can be overcome with the help of the present invention.
Det viste seg at hvis treflis eller annet It turned out that if wood chips or other
råcellulosemateriale behandles med svovelvannstoff i fravær av vann (bortsett fra den fuktighet som naturlig er tilstede i flisen) før det kokes i vandig kraftvæske, raw cellulosic material is treated with hydrogen sulphide in the absence of water (apart from the moisture naturally present in the chip) before being boiled in aqueous power liquor,
vil den erholdte masse ha bedre fysiske og kjemiske egenskaper i flere henseender. Behandlingen med svovelvannstoff skjer best ved at man anbringer flisen i en vanlig koker, deretter leder inn svovelvannstoff under trykk i kokeren og så opprett-holder svovelvannstofftrykket en kort tid, for å impregnere flisen med gassen. the mass obtained will have better physical and chemical properties in several respects. The treatment with hydrogen sulphide is best done by placing the tile in a normal boiler, then introducing hydrogen sulphide under pressure into the boiler and then maintaining the hydrogen sulphide pressure for a short time, in order to impregnate the tile with the gas.
Den foreliggende oppfinnelse kan an-vendes på en hvilken som helst av de vanlige råcellulosematerialer, både når det gjelder hårdt og mykt tre, som bjerk, lønn, bøk, furu, gran og liknende. The present invention can be used on any of the usual raw cellulose materials, both when it comes to hard and soft wood, such as birch, maple, beech, pine, spruce and the like.
Svovelvannstoffets trykk under impregneringen kan varieres fra 1,6 til 14 kg/cm<2>. Temperaturen under impregneringen er ikke kritisk og kan varieres vidt-gående fra romtemperatur opp til ca. 150° C. Impregneringen av flisen med gassen og gassens etterfølgende reaksjon med flisen skjer imidlertid så hurtig ved romtemperatur at det ikke er noen særlig fordel ved å anvende høyere temperatur. The hydrogen sulphide pressure during the impregnation can be varied from 1.6 to 14 kg/cm<2>. The temperature during the impregnation is not critical and can be varied widely from room temperature up to approx. 150° C. However, the impregnation of the tile with the gas and the subsequent reaction of the gas with the tile occurs so quickly at room temperature that there is no particular advantage in using a higher temperature.
Den tid som behøves for tilfredsstil-lende behandling av treflisen med svovelvannstoff er heller ikke kritisk. Gode re-sultater kan fås ved så korte behandlings-tider som 5 minutter. Man kan fortsette behandlingen i ca. 5—20 minutter, mens fortsettelse av behandlingen i lengere tidsrom ikke synes å være særlig verdifull, selv om en liten forbedring av den ende-lige masses egenskaper kan iakttas, hvis behandlingen fortsettes i lengere tid. The time required for satisfactory treatment of the wood chips with hydrogen sulphide is not critical either. Good results can be obtained with treatment times as short as 5 minutes. You can continue the treatment for approx. 5-20 minutes, while continuing the treatment for a longer period of time does not seem to be particularly valuable, although a slight improvement in the properties of the final mass can be observed if the treatment is continued for a longer time.
Etter den ovenfor beskrevne forbe-handing med svovelvannstoff eller natriumsulfid i den ønskede tidslengde blir trykket i kokeren avlastet. Deretter ledes i det inn en vanlig kraft-kokelut, som for- j trinsyis kan være opphetet til 38—93° C, og det kokes. Væsken kan hensiktsmessig inneholde fra 10 pst. til 30 pst. totalekvi-valent Na20, basert på trevekten, i form av hvitlut og kan ha en sulfiditet av fra ca. 25 til ca. 45 pst. Forholdet mellom væske og den opprinnelige helt tørre trevekt kan variere fra 2:1, opp til 5 : 1, og den maksi-male temperatur kan variere fra ca. 150 til ca. 190° C, selv om temperaturer på ca. 163 —182° foretrekkes. Koketiden avhenger na-turligvis av hvor sterk kokegrad man øn-sker, men vil normalt være mellom ca. 1 og ca. 4 timer etter at den ønskede temperatur er nådd. Det kan behøves fra 1 til 3 timer for å nå den ønskede temperatur, alt etter vedkommende spesielle temperatur og hvorvidt væsken er blitt foropphetet eller ikke. After the above-described pre-treatment with hydrogen sulphide or sodium sulphide for the desired length of time, the pressure in the boiler is relieved. An ordinary kraft cooking liquor is then introduced into it, which can be heated to 38-93° C for ice cream, and it is boiled. The liquid can appropriately contain from 10 per cent to 30 per cent total equivalent Na20, based on the wood weight, in the form of white liquor and can have a sulphidity of from approx. 25 to approx. 45 per cent. The ratio between liquid and the original completely dry wood weight can vary from 2:1, up to 5:1, and the maximum temperature can vary from approx. 150 to approx. 190° C, although temperatures of approx. 163 -182° is preferred. The cooking time naturally depends on how strong the degree of cooking is desired, but will normally be between approx. 1 and approx. 4 hours after the desired temperature has been reached. It may take from 1 to 3 hours to reach the desired temperature, depending on the particular temperature in question and whether the liquid has been preheated or not.
Den masse som fås ved fremgangsmå-ten i henhold til den foreliggende oppfinnelse utmerker seg ved en bemerkelses-verdig viskositet sammenlkinet med masse fremstilt av samme slags flis, som er blitt kokt i omtrent samme grad, men uten forbehandling, hvor den førstnevnte i enkelte tilfeller utgjør så meget som 185 pst. av den sistnevnte. Dessuten blir masseutbyt-tet større, og også avslitningsstyrken og Schopperbrettestyrken er øket. The mass obtained by the method according to the present invention is distinguished by a remarkable viscosity compared to mass produced from the same type of chip, which has been boiled to approximately the same degree, but without pretreatment, where the former in some cases makes up as much as 185 per cent of the latter. In addition, the mass yield is greater, and the abrasion strength and Schopper board strength have also been increased.
Det følgende spesifikke eksempel be-lyser oppfinnelsen nærmere. The following specific example illustrates the invention in more detail.
Eksempel: Example:
Det ble anvendt flis, som var kuttet på en vanlig flishugger av mykt tre fra det nordvestlige U.S.A., stort sett bare gran og furu. I en laboratoriekoker med ruminn-hold ca, 28 liter ble det anbrakt flis i en mengde som svarte til 0,45 kg absolutt tørt tre. Lokket ble skrudd fast og kokeren ble tilført komprimert svovelvannstoff gjen- nom et rør i lokket inntil trykket i kokeren var 12,25 kg/cm<2>, og dette trykk ble opp-rettholdt i 10 minutter. Chips were used, which were cut on a regular soft wood chipper from the Northwestern USA, mostly just spruce and pine. In a laboratory boiler with a volume of approx. 28 litres, chips were placed in an amount corresponding to 0.45 kg of absolutely dry wood. The lid was screwed on and the boiler was fed with compressed hydrogen sulphide again. nom a tube in the lid until the pressure in the boiler was 12.25 kg/cm<2>, and this pressure was maintained for 10 minutes.
Etter denne 10 minutters periode ble trykket avlastet til null, og det ble innført tilstrekkelig kraftkokevæske, som var for-varmet til 65° C, til at forholdet mellom denne væske og den opprinnelige helt tørr-tenkte tremengde var 3,5 : 1, Kraftkoke-væsken inneholdt 20,0 pst. total-ekvivalent Na20 i form av hvitlut og hadde 35,3 pst. sulfiditet. After this 10-minute period, the pressure was relieved to zero, and sufficient pressure cooker liquid was introduced, which had been pre-heated to 65° C, so that the ratio between this liquid and the original completely dry amount of wood was 3.5:1. -the liquid contained 20.0% total equivalent Na2O in the form of white liquor and had 35.3% sulphidity.
Så ble kokeren lukket helt, sirkula-sjonspumpen satt igang og kokevæsken ble opphetet til 170° i løpet av 1 time og 45 minutter og deretter holdt på 170° i 2 timer og 35 minutter, slik at koketiden ialt, bortsett fra for-opphetningstiden var 4i/j time. Then the boiler was closed completely, the circulation pump was started and the cooking liquid was heated to 170° within 1 hour and 45 minutes and then held at 170° for 2 hours and 35 minutes, so that the total cooking time, apart from the pre-heating time, was 4i/j hours.
Etter avslutningen av koket ble massen blåst ut i en beholder som inneholdt vann. Derpå ble massen silt for å skille god masse fra det ikke kokte (som i nedenstående ta-bell kalles «frasilt»). Mengden av godt og After the end of cooking, the mass was blown out into a container containing water. The mass was then sieved to separate the good mass from the uncooked mass (which in the table below is called "frasilt"). The amount of good and
av frasilt stoff ble målt. Den gode masses of leached material was measured. The good ones abound
kvalitet ble undersøkt på den i tabellen angitte måte. quality was examined in the manner indicated in the table.
For sammenlikning ble det utført et annet kok på samme måte, men uten forbehandling, og tiden for maksimal temperatur ble forandret slik at man fikk omtrent den samme grad av koking. Tabellen viser sammenlikningsdataene. Tabellen viser, at når flisen ble forbe-handlet med svovelvannstoffgass oppnådde man en meget forbedret viskositet, en liten forbedring i Schopper-bretteprøven, litt bedre utbytte, og bare små forandringer i de øvrige tests. Viskositetsprøven anses vanlig som den beste enkeltprøve på even-tuell beskadigelse av fibrene, slik at jo større viskositetsverdien er, desto mindre er fibrene blitt skadd under behandlingen; den store viskositetsøkning antyder derfor I at fibrene er blitt mindre angrepet. For comparison, another boil was carried out in the same way, but without pretreatment, and the time for maximum temperature was changed so that approximately the same degree of boiling was obtained. The table shows the comparison data. The table shows that when the chip was pre-treated with hydrogen sulphide gas, a much improved viscosity was achieved, a small improvement in the Schopper board test, slightly better yield, and only small changes in the other tests. The viscosity test is usually considered the best single test for possible damage to the fibres, so that the greater the viscosity value, the less the fibers have been damaged during the treatment; the large increase in viscosity therefore suggests that the fibers have become less attacked.
Claims (1)
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB16883/63A GB1085052A (en) | 1963-04-30 | 1963-04-30 | Improvements in or relating to textile apparatus |
GB2318563 | 1963-06-11 | ||
GB207664 | 1964-01-16 | ||
GB704264 | 1964-02-20 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
NO117436B true NO117436B (en) | 1969-08-11 |
Family
ID=27447206
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
NO15307564A NO117436B (en) | 1963-04-30 | 1964-04-30 |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
BE (1) | BE647379A (en) |
CH (2) | CH494835A (en) |
DK (1) | DK112334B (en) |
ES (2) | ES299409A1 (en) |
FI (1) | FI41128B (en) |
LU (1) | LU46005A1 (en) |
NL (1) | NL6404827A (en) |
NO (1) | NO117436B (en) |
SE (1) | SE311001B (en) |
-
1964
- 1964-04-23 FI FI86064A patent/FI41128B/fi active
- 1964-04-30 NO NO15307564A patent/NO117436B/no unknown
- 1964-04-30 SE SE545564A patent/SE311001B/xx unknown
- 1964-04-30 ES ES0299409A patent/ES299409A1/en not_active Expired
- 1964-04-30 BE BE647379D patent/BE647379A/xx unknown
- 1964-04-30 LU LU46005D patent/LU46005A1/xx unknown
- 1964-04-30 DK DK217464A patent/DK112334B/en unknown
- 1964-04-30 CH CH967466A patent/CH494835A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1964-04-30 CH CH566464A patent/CH422218A/en unknown
- 1964-05-01 NL NL6404827A patent/NL6404827A/xx unknown
- 1964-08-29 ES ES0303603A patent/ES303603A1/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
BE647379A (en) | 1964-10-30 |
CH566464A4 (en) | 1966-06-30 |
SE311001B (en) | 1969-05-19 |
NL6404827A (en) | 1964-11-02 |
ES303603A1 (en) | 1965-03-16 |
FI41128B (en) | 1969-04-30 |
CH494835A (en) | 1970-08-15 |
ES299409A1 (en) | 1964-12-01 |
LU46005A1 (en) | 1965-11-03 |
CH422218A (en) | 1966-06-30 |
DE1435683A1 (en) | 1970-01-15 |
DK112334B (en) | 1968-12-02 |
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