NL8700856A - SPRAYER, ESSENTIAL FOR SPREADING A SPRAY SOLUTION PROPORTIONAL TO THE SURFACE. - Google Patents

Description

-1- 26324 / CV / tj

Short designation: Sprayer, mainly for spreading a spray solution proportional to the surface.

The invention relates to a spraying machine, mainly used for the distribution of spraying solution proportional to the surface and in plant protection on a large scale.

It is well known that the use of expensive and selective pesticides entails serious economic losses if dispersion of the spray solution is higher or lower than desired. Since constant value spraying is generally not achievable with the currently available sprayers, the plant manufacturers attempt to provide protective machines spraying proportional to the area.

In the Hungarian and French patent specifications no. 184 335 15 and 7 925 546 respectively, such sprayers are described where micro-treatment computer detects the speed, pressure and flow value by means of different outer circumferences and on the basis of the previously introduced reference data the pressure control valve of the spray solution -sing cycle. Essentially similar, the sprayer is known as "DICKEY-john DjSCIOOO".

While these solutions may also provide other services, their operation requires skill required only in a special service and furthermore they are too expensive so that there is little hope for their general use as a result.

25 With regard to the technical standard, the French sprayer known as "EVRARD" on the market is closer to agriculture. Here, a forced flow pump is driven by a impeller and the amount of liquid is distributed by a controller partly to the liquid cycle going to the spray mechanism and partly to a recirculated bypass, through which the unnecessary spray solution is returned to the tank.

Its shortcoming is that the power obtained from the impeller is limited and, as a result, this solution is only applicable in cases of narrow distribution limits. Furthermore, a complicated control device is required to accurately adjust the amount of fluid proportional to the track delivered by the pump sized for maximum fluid amount. Such a setting p - '-. r * * * v. - *; \ t -2- 26324 / CV / t j ting can of course take place while driving.

The general lack of the above solutions is that the provision of an additional pump, usually a centrifugal pump, is required, which further increases the cost. Furthermore, as the spread amount changes, the operating pressure will inevitably vary in the spray solution cycle, so that the spraying characteristics of the nozzles will be different, which is undesirable.

The spray-machine known commercially under the name "CONDURIA GDE" is manufactured in West Germany; in this known machine, the liquid chemicals are added to the water cycle under constant pressure. Feeding takes place with a forced current pump.

Further shortcomings of the above-described sprayers 15 are that in the case of using section dividing switches it is necessary to ensure the same parameters of the sprayer if the operating width is changed. However, this results in further complications and higher equipment costs.

The present invention is aimed at eliminating the above-mentioned shortcomings and at creating such an improved spraying machine where dispersion of the spraying solution proportional to the surface is reliably ensured with relatively low cost and simple construction.

The invention is based on the understanding that the problem can be solved if velocity proportional pressure signals or printing action is produced for dispersion of spray solution proportional to the surface, or independently of other parameters, they are transferred to the spray solution cycle .

In order to solve the problem, the starting point was a sprayer, which is equipped with a spray solution circuit consisting of tank, spray mechanism, further pump and pressure control valve built in the connecting pipe, further with speed signal transmitter and control unit in control connection with the pressure control valve.

It has been developed in accordance with the further feature of the invention so that the speed signal transmitter is formed as a signal-proportional pressure signal generating unit, and the control unit is formed as a pressure duplicator capable of handling the pressure signals of the "3". -3- 26324 / CV / tj to transmit pressure signal generating unit to the cycle of the spray solution.

Very simple is the construction, where the speed proportional pressure signal generating unit is formed as such an additional liquid circuit, in which a pump is positively coupled to the impeller of the sprayer, or its transport vehicle, and an adjustable throttle 2 is incorporated. the control line is connected to the pressure duplicator.

It is advantageous if an oil tank is built in the liquid cycle of the pressure signal generating unit and the liquid cycle operates with oil, or with the spray solution, or some other liquid.

According to a further feature of the invention, the pressure duplicator is provided with a piston axially displaceable in the housing, the sides of which are connected to closed spaces, where one of the spaces is connected to the control line of the pressure signal generating unit and the other room with the pressure pipe of the spray solution. Furthermore, the pressure duplicator is equipped with a pressure control unit in conjunction with the piston.

In one case, the pressure duplicator on its control side is equipped with a manually adjustable spring-actuated load transmitter, the spring cup of which is supported by the side of the piston by the axially displaceable pressure summation gauge. It is preferable that both sides of the piston sit on the elastic sealing membrane whose flange is disposed in the grooves of the housing. In this way, the different medium space ·; easily separated.

The control unit extends into the lateral U-shaped recess of the pressure duplicator piston and it is formed as a double seat ball valve, where the control rod disposed in the direction of the piston movement rests on the ball. Furthermore, the supply line of the control medium is connected to the input stub, while the control line is connected to the controlled stub.

If - in addition to distribution proportional to the surface - constant spreading pressure is required, it is recommended to equip the sprayer with additional fresh water cycle, equipped with a pump, a pressure control unit and a water tank. The pressure line is connected to a further pressure summing device of the pressure duplicator. Preferably, additional throttle is built into the pressure line of the spray solution.

The invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying figures, in which two possible exemplary embodiments of the spraying machine according to the invention are shown by way of example.

Fig. 1 schematically shows a circuit diagram of the first exemplary embodiment of the spraying machine according to the invention.

Fig. 2 shows a longitudinal section of the control unit shown in FIG. 1 on an enlarged scale.

Fig. 3 is a sectional view of FIG. 2.

Fig. 4 shows a schematic circuit diagram of a second embodiment of the sprayer according to the invention.

Fig. 5 is an enlarged sectional view of a control unit shown in FIG. 4.

As shown in Fig. 1, the spraying machine according to the invention has a spraying solution circuit consisting of a conventional pump 1, a pressure regulating valve 2, and a spraying solution tank 3 which is connected via a pressure line 4 to a sprayer frame 5. Furthermore, the spraying machine is equipped with a speed signal transmitter, which is connected to a control unit 7, which controls the pressure control valve 2 of the spray solution circuit.

According to the invention, the velocity signal transmitter is formed as a velocity-proportional pressure signal generating unit 6. In the case of the exemplary embodiment shown in Fig. 1, the velocity-proportional pressure signal generating unit 6 is formed as an additional and circulating liquid cycle , which is equipped with a positive with a non-driven impeller 8 of the sprayer coupled pump 9, an adjustable throttle 10 and a separate tank 11 in the present case, eg for oil, while its control line 12 is connected to the control unit 7.

The web and speed proportional flow amount delivered by the pump 9 partially returns to the tank 11, while on the other hand the control unit 7 receives speed proportional pressure signals, i.e. pressure function, as a control signal via the line 12.

8/0 0 0 56 -5- 26324 / CV / tj

The control unit 7 is shown in detail in Figs. 2 and 3 and is designed in accordance with the invention as a pressure duplicator, which transmits the pressure signals from the speed-proportional pressure signal generating unit 6 to the spray solution circuit. In the present case, the control unit 7 is equipped with an axially displaceable piston 14, the two sides of which are mutually connected with an upper space 15 and a lower space 16. The upper space 15 is connected to the control line 12 of the velocity-proportional pressure signal generating unit 6 and the lower space 16 with a pressure signal transmission line 10 17 connecting to the pressure line 4 of the spray solution. A conventional medium separating membrane 18 is built into conduit 17 (Fig. 1).

In Fig. 2, both sides of the piston 14 rest as a gasket on an elastic membrane 19, which may be a rubber membrane. Its flanges are provided in grooves 20 of the housing 13.

The bottom plate 22 of a load summing device 21 rests on the top of piston 14 via membrane 19, which plate 22 is disposed in the upper space 15. The load summing device 21 is equipped with an upper plate 24, attached to the lower one via a control rod 23 plate 22, and a manually operable load transmitting member 25 is supported by the top plate 24. The control rod 23 extends through an opening 26 of the housing 13 and is sealed there with a packing ring 27.

The manually operable load transmitter 25 has various functions, eg setting differential pressures in the stationary position of the sprayer for metering, or setting the pressure for spraying under constant pressure. In the present case, the manually adjustable load transmitter 25 has a spring cup 28 on which rests a spring 29 which loads the top plate 24 of the load summing device 21. This is prestressed with an axially driven plate 32 30 which is threaded into a shaft 31 of a hand wheel 30. To relieve the compression spring 29, the spring cup 28 can be lifted off the ring 24, eg by turning eccentric pins 33, embedded in housing 13 while pushing an arm 34 downward. In this manner, the manually operable load transmitter 25 can be turned off.

As shown in Fig. 2, the piston 14 is equipped with a lateral U-shaped recess 35. A control unit 37 disposed in the opening 36 of the housing 13 extends into this recess 35, which * -6-26324 / CV / 1 j 4 actually controls the pressure control valve 2.

The cross-sectional view of the exemplary control unit 37 is shown in Figure 3. Here, the control unit 37 has a housing 38 in which a double seat ball valve is disposed. The ball is designated by reference numeral 39, the upper and lower tapered seats 40 and 41, while further a space below the lower seat 41 is designated 42. A centrally disposed vertical control rod 43 rests on the ball 39. In in the present case, the upper seat 40 is formed on the lower front portion of a nut 44 whose external screw-thread engages a threaded hole of the housing 38. The relative position of the upper seat 40 is adjustable by screw in or out the nut 44. The adjusted position of the nut 44 is secured by a lock nut 45.

The nut 44 is provided with a central hole 46, the diameter of which is selected to form an annular space 47 around the outer shell of the control rod 43 which communicates with the vicinity of the upper seat 40.

An inlet 48 of the operating medium leads into the space 42, which in this case is connected via a conduit 49 to the source of compressed air. An outlet 50 of the control unit 37 is connected via a line 51 to the pressure control valve 2 of the spray solution (Fig. 1).

As shown in Fig. 2, the upper free end of the control rod 43 interacts with the upper horizontal surface of the U-shaped recess 35 of piston 14. Thus, when the piston 14 moves downward, the control rod 43 drives the ball 39 toward down and presses it against the bottom seat 41. In this way it blocks the path of the incoming compressed air, while the pressure prevailing in the conduit 51 can be released through the annular space 47, since the top seat 40 is open.

During operation of the spraying machine according to the invention shown in Figs. 1-3, the pressure function which develops in the control line 12 through the liquid circuit is forcibly circulated with the pump 9 driven by the impeller 8, is transferred to the pressure control valve 2 of the spray solution by the control unit 7, designed as a pressure duplicator. In this way, an ever-proportional or surface-proportional distribution of the spray solution is achieved with relatively simple means.

. <C-: i "," h * -7- 26324 / CV / tj 5

If the operating pressure was lower than the original specified pressure value, then the pressure in the line 17 drops and consequently in the lower space 16 of the pressure duplicator control unit 7. As a result, the sum of the pressure originally set to 5 is the manually operable load transmitter 25 and the pressure applied via the regulating line 12 on the load summing device 21 to the piston 14 downwards. In that case, the control unit 37 operates as previously described, i.e. the ball 39 closes the lower seat 41 and the pressurized air in the conduit 51 is exhausted through the outlet 50 and the annular chamber 47.

Since the pressure control valve 2 of the spray solution receives lower pressure through the control line 51, the pressure in the pressure line 4 increases the pressure control valve 2. It should be noted that in the present case, the pressure control valve 2 is a magnetically controlled valve, which Lower control pressure gives higher pressure of the spray solution.

If the operating pressure is higher than the originally specified value, the piston 14 moves up, while the control rod 43 releases the ball 39. Thus, the ball 39 is pushed to the upper seat 40 by the compressed air entering through the inlet 48, leaving the path for the compressed air through the outlet 50. As the control pressure in the conduit 51 rises, the pressure control valve 2 operate in the circulation of the spray solution in accordance with the pressure drop.

It should further be noted that in a particular case a positively controlled valve can also be used for the pressure control valve 2, 25 or the existing valve can even be mounted in housing 13 rotated through 180 °.

Although the sprinkler frame 5 is only schematically indicated in Fig. 1, this sprinkler frame can be closed in the sprinkler according to the invention, even in each section, without changing the pressure prevailing in the pressure pipe. This is an important advantage of the solution according to the invention. Such a construction is also possible where the velocity-proportional pressure signal generating unit 6 does not have a separate tank 11 for the oil, but without an additional tank, this liquid cycle is also connected to the tank 3 of the spray solution.

In addition, in a particular case, any other known device suitable for producing speed-proportional printing function may be considered as speed-proportional printing signature-generating unit 6.

. c C 5 5 6 -8- 26324 / CV / tj

Another exemplary embodiment according to the invention is shown in Figs. 4 and 5. The use thereof is recommended if, in addition to the velocity-proportional or area-proportional dispersion - the dispersion under constant pressure is an important one. 5 is a rich aspect.

The construction in Fig. 4 differs from that shown in Fig. 1 in that here the supply of solution and the chemicals are actually stored in the tank 3 of the spray solution. The constant operating pressure required for the spray nozzles of the spray frame 5 is obtained by a separate fresh water cycle consisting of a tank 52, a pump 53 and a pressure control valve 54.

In this case, the operating pressure of the sprinkler frame 5 is set in a fresh water cycle, essentially independent of the speed of the sprinkler. A pressure line of the fresh water cycle is indicated by reference numeral 55, connected to the supply solution carrying pressure line 4 in which a throttle 56 for the connection is built-in. This adjustable throttle 56 produces pressure drop.

Thus, the cycle of chemicals feeds the pressurized liquid cycle. Its existing pressure is transferred by a further diagram type medium separator 57 through a pressure signal transmitting line 58 to the pressure duplicator control unit 7.

Fig. 5 shows clearly that the control unit 7 differs from that in FIG. 2 in that a further load summing device 59 is built in between the load summing device 21 and the spring cup 28 via an elastic membrane 60. As for the construction of the elastic summing device 59, the same as that of the load summing device 21. Its bottom plate 61 is disposed in a space 62 into which conduit 58 is guided.

When the solution according to Figs. 4 and 5 is set in motion, partly the velocity-proportional pressure and partly the pressure of the fresh water branch are jointly applied via line 58 to the regulated side of the control unit 7. Feeding in this manner of the chemicals is independent of the existing pressure of the fresh water cycle.

An important advantage of this construction is that the spreading pressure at the spray frame 5 is always constant, which is f. f ** r i «** r ·· £ * * V - ♦.-9- 26324 / CV / tj.

results in consistent quality droplet formation with the nozzles, which results in significant yields in cultivation.

Finally, it is noted that the mechanical pressure signal generating unit 6 was found to be very favorable in the tests for quantitative, e.g. parabolic, pressure function. Of course, any other printing function may be used in accordance with existing requirements.

Furthermore, the throttle 56 is not necessarily a throttle valve, but it can be replaced with a suitably selected nozzle or series of nozzles.

Returning to the construction of FIG. 4, a throttle 10 is used here to accurately adjust the spread.

This is best accomplished with a dual setting option. One of them is used to set the nominal value and the other one can reduce or increase the amount of spray solution dispersed even during forward motion. This is desirable if different plants are grown on the same plant piece or in the case of varying soil conditions.

A further advantage of the invention is that as a result of its relatively simple construction it is considerably cheaper and safer than the known solution, the device can be repaired and maintained in agricultural workshops, while handling the device does not require any special craftsmanship.

An important advantage of the solution according to the invention is that in stationary position of the equipment the pressure can be adjusted with a handwheel 30, eg in accordance with a table or measurements. The value of the pressure can be adjusted with the throttle 10 in the disengaged position of the sprinkler frame 5 to the desired value of forward movement and the equipment is thereby ready for distribution. The setting is even possible on public roads, if there is no loss of chemicals.

Claims (10)

1. Sprayer, in particular for spreading spray solution proportional to the surface, provided with a spray solution circuit consisting of a tank, a spray mechanism, a pump built into their connecting pipe and a pressure control valve, further a speed signal -transmitter and control unit in control communication with the pressure control valve, characterized in that the speed signal transmitter is formed as a speed-proportional pressure signal generating unit (6), while the control valve (7) is formed as a pressure duplicator suitable for the speed - to transmit proportional pressure signals from the pressure signal generating unit (6) to the cycle of the spray solution. Sprayer according to claim 1, wherein the pressure signal generating unit (6) is formed as an additional liquid circuit, in which a pump (9) positively coupled to the impeller (8) of the sprayer and preferably an adjustable throttle (10) are installed, while furthermore its control line (12) is connected to a pressure-duplicating control unit (7) " Sprayer according to claim 2, characterized in that the additional liquid cycle of the pressure signal generating unit (6) is equipped with a tank (11) suitable for receiving the forced circulated control liquid. Sprayer according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the pressure-duplicating control unit (7) has an axially displaceable piston (14) in a housing (13), the sides of which are connected to closed spaces (15, 16), one space (15) being connected to the control line (12) of the pressure signal generating unit (6), while the other space (16) being connected to the pressure line (4) of the spray solution circuit line (17) via a pressure signal transmission, and furthermore the control unit (7) is provided with a control unit (37) in control connection with the pressure control valve (2) of the spray solution circuit. Sprayer according to claim 4, wherein the control side of the pressure-duplicating control unit (7) is provided with a manually adjustable * spring-loaded load transducer (25), a spring cup (28) of which rests on the side of the piston (14). ) via a load summing device (21), which can be moved axially in the space (15). Sprayer according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that f '·' · ·. ' ~! F ”f L 'i) -11- 26324 / CV / tj' both sides of the piston (14) sit on elastic and sealing diaphragm (19) whose flange is fitted in grooves (20) of the housing (13). Sprayer according to any one of the preceding claims /, characterized in that the regulator unit (37) of the control unit (7) is arranged in an opening (36) of the housing (13) and extends in a lateral U-shape recess (35) of the piston (14) / where it is formed at ball valve equipped with two seats (40, 41), and a control rod (43) arranged according to the movement of the piston (14) and its free end together 10 working with the end face of the piston recess (35), rests on the ball (39), while a seat (41) is further connected to the conduit (49) of the control medium, while the other seat (40) is in a blow-off line connection is preferably to an annular space (47), while further the space of the regulator unit (37) receiving the ball (39) is equipped with an outlet (50) as a further conduit, which is connected to the control line (51) connected to the pressure control valve (2). Sprayer according to claim 7, wherein the distance between the two tapered seats (40, 41) of the regulator unit (37) is adjustable by a nut (44) screwed into the housing (38). 20 Sprayer according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the machine has an additional fresh water cycle consisting of a tank (52), a pump (53) and a pressure control valve (54), the pressure line (55) of which is connected with the nozzle frame (5) and further the pressure line (4) of the liquid cycle of the tank (3) holding the stock solution is connected to this pressure pipe (55) by a preferably adjustable throttle (56) and furthermore the fresh water the circuit, preferably via medium separator (57) and pressure signal transfer line (58), is connected to a further load summing device (59) of the reget unit (7). 30 Sprayer according to claim 9, characterized in that another load summing device (59) of the pressure duplicating control unit (7) is arranged between the first load summing device (21) and the manually operable load transmitter (25) and an elastic sealing membrane (60) is built up between the adjacent plates of the load summing devices (21, 59). fc ': r f;