DD255483A5 - SPRAYING DEVICE, ESPECIALLY FOR THE FLAECHENPROPORTIONAL SPRING - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a spraying device, in particular for the area-proportional Verspruehung with respective Spruehfluessigkeiten having a from a Spruehfluessigkeitsbehaelter, a Spruehvorrichtung, these interconnecting lines, a pump and a pressure regulator existing Spruehfluessigkeitskreis, also a speed signal transmitter and a controller connected to the pressure regulator in control connection , The essence of the invention is that the speed signal transmitter is designed as a pressure signal generator unit and the control unit as such a pressure copier, which is capable of converting the speed-proportional pressure signals of the pressure signal generator unit to the spray fluid circuit. Fig. 1

Description

Characteristic of the known state of the art

It has long been known to those skilled in the art that there is serious economic loss, particularly in the case of the expensive or selective pesticides, if the spraying of the spray liquid up or down in the dosage deviates from the prescribed value.

Since spraying at a constant rate of advancement is not generally assured for presently used sprayers, the designers and manufacturers of sprayers are endeavoring to develop and market off-line sprayers or spraying machines.

From the Hungarian patent no. 184335 and from the French patent no. 7,925,546 each such a spraying machine is known in which with the aid of various peripherals a microprocessor-calculating machine perceives the speed, pressure or fluid flow and as needed the Regulated pressure regulator of the spray liquid circuit on the basis of the previously entered reference data. A similar solution is also known in the trade under the name "DICKEY John DJSC 1000" known injection molding machine.

Although these solutions also provide other services, their operation requires a great deal of expertise; Any repairs can only be carried out in a special service. Furthermore, such machines are very expensive, so that their extensive distribution is unlikely to be expected.

In terms of technical level, the French injection molding machine known commercially under the name of "EVRARD" is already approaching the requirements of agriculture, in the injection molding machine of this type one impeller drives a forced flow pump On the other hand, there is a shortcoming that the power that can be removed from the wheels is limited, and therefore this technical solution can only be used with a small power requirement In this case, a complicated regulating device is required in each case to set the quantity of liquid, which is in each case supported by the pump, which is necessarily dimensioned for a maximum amount of liquid, with acceptable accuracy However, such regulation can only take place during ongoing operation.

A common shortcoming of the above solutions is also that for the purpose of mixing an additional pump, usually the installation of a centrifugal pump, is required, whereby the cost increases further. In addition, the operating pressure prevailing in the spray brewing circuit inevitably also changes in the course of the spraying period. As a consequence of this, however, the spray characteristics of the atomizer heads also change, which is by no means desirable.

Also known is the injection molding machine commercially available under the name "CONDURIA GDE" from Germany, in which the liquid chemical is distributed in a proportional manner into the water cycle from constant pressure on.

Another common lack of o. G. Spraying machines is that when using disconnectors in the event of a change in the working width, the other technical parameters set on the spraying machine must not change.

As a result, however, the complexity of the plant and its price continue to increase.

Object of the invention

The object of the invention is to provide a spraying device which is inexpensive to manufacture and reliable in operation.

Explanation of the essence of the invention

The invention is based on the object, a spray device, in particular for the area-proportional atomization, which consists of a Sprühflüssigkeitsbehälter, a spray device, these interconnecting lines, a pump and a pressure regulator Sprühflüssigkeitskreis, also a speed signal transmitter and one with the pressure regulator in control connection Control unit has to create, which ensures maintenance-friendly and simple operation, a surface-proportional spray.

According to the invention this object is achieved in that the speed signal transmitter is designed as a speed-proportional pressure signal generator unit, further the Steuereinhiet is formed as a speed proportional pressure signals of the pressure signal generator unit on the Sprühflüssigkeitskreis transmitting print copier.

Conveniently, it is provided that the pressure signal generator unit is designed as an additional liquid circuit in which a standing with an impeller of the sprayer in forced connection pump and an advantageous adjustable throttling is installed, and connects their control line to the print-copying control unit.

Another inventive feature is that the additional fluid circuit of the pressure signal generator unit is provided with a container for receiving the compulsorily recirculated control fluid.

According to a further feature of the invention, it is provided that the control unit has a piston axially displaceable in a housing whose end faces are each in communication with a closed space, wherein the one room with a control line of the pressure signal generator unit, the other room via a Pressure signal line is connected to the pressure line, further comprising the control unit is provided with a regulating unit which is in regulating communication with the pressure regulator of the spray liquid circuit, wherein the regulating unit with the piston in cooperative connection

stands. '

It is also advantageous if the control unit on the control side is advantageously provided with a manually adjustable load transmitter, the spring plate is supported on the end face of the piston via a space in the axially displaceably arranged load summation.

In addition, it has proven advantageous that rests on both end faces of the piston depending on an elastic and sealing membrane, the edges of which fit into the grooves of the housing.

In a further embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the regulating unit of the control unit is arranged engaging in an opening of the housing and laterally in a U-shaped recess of the piston, further configured as a provided with two valve seats ball valve, wherein on the ball a supported in the direction of displacement of the piston and cooperating at its free end with the end face of the recess of the piston control rod and that communicates a valve seat to the line of Reguliermediums, the other seat ^ but with a Abblaseweg, advantageously with an annulus, also the Ball receiving space of the regulating unit is provided with a channel-shaped outlet, which communicates with a line connected to the pressure regulator.

There is also the possibility that the mutual axial distance between the two conical valve seats of the regulating unit with the aid of a hollow screw connected in the housing is adjustable.

It should also be noted that the spraying device has an additional pure water-liquid circuit consisting of a container, a pump and a pressure regulator, the pressure line to a spray frame connects, also the pressure line of the liquid circuit of the preferably stock solution receiving Sprühflüssigkeitsbehälters via a regulatable throttling the pressure line connects, also the pure water-liquid circuit via a medium-separating membrane and a pressure signal line with a further load sum of the control unit is in communication.

In the context of the invention is further that the load summation of the control unit is disposed between the first load summation and the manual load transmitter, wherein between the adjacent disks of the two load summers an elastic and sealing membrane is inserted.

embodiment

The invention will now be explained in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings in two embodiments. The drawings show:

Fig. 1: the schematic circuit diagram of the spray device according to the invention;

2 shows a longitudinal section through the control unit;

FIG. 3 shows the section through a detail according to FIG. 2; FIG.

Fig. 4: the schematic diagram of a second embodiment of the spraying device according to the invention;

Fig. 5: the section through the control unit according to Fig.4.

As can be seen from Fig. 1, the spray device according to the invention comprises a known from a known pump 1, a pressure regulator 2 and a spray hf lüssigkeitsbehälter 3 existing Sprühf lüssigkeitskreis which is connected via a pressure line 4 to a spray frame 5. Furthermore, the spraying machine also has a speed signal transmitter, which is connected to a control unit 7 of the pressure regulator 2 regulating Spritzbrühkreises.

According to the invention, the speed signal transmitter is designed as a speed-proportional pressure signal generator unit 6. In the embodiment shown in Fig. 1, the pressure signal generator unit 6 is designed as an additional and circulating liquid circuit having a pump 9, which is in drive-forcing connection with a non-driven by the spray device impeller 8, also a throttle 10th and in the present case also has a container 11, for example for receiving oil, wherein a control line 12 is connected to the control unit 7. Accordingly, the flow or velocity-proportional liquid flow conveyed by the pump 9 will flow partly back into the container 11, partly the control unit 7 via the control line 12 speed-proportional pressure signals, i. Print functions received as control signals.

The control unit 7 is illustrated in more detail in FIGS. 2 and 3. According to the invention, the control unit 7 is arranged to receive the pressure signals, i. Print functions of the pressure signal generator unit 6, as impulses on the spray liquid circuit as a print copier transfers. In the present case, the control unit 7 has a piston 14 axially displaceable in a housing 13, whose two end faces communicate with an upper space 15 and a lower space 16, respectively. The upper space 15 is connected via the control line 12 with the pressure signal generator unit 6, the lower space 16 but via a subsequent to the pressure line 4 pressure signal line 17. In this pressure signal line 17, a known medium-separating membrane 18 is installed as shown in FIG.

According to Fig. 2, the piston 14 is supported on both end faces, sealingly on membranes 19, which may be rubber membranes, for example. Its edge is inserted in radial grooves 20 of the housing 13.

On the upper end face of the piston 14 siqh via the membrane 19 supports a lower plate 22 of a load sum 21, which is also arranged here in the upper space 15. The Belastungssummierer 21 is connected to the lower disc 22 via a central rod 23 with an upper disc 24 on which a manual load transmitter 25 is seated from above. The rod 23 is guided through an opening 26 of the housing 13 and sealed with a sealing ring 27. The load transmitter 25 has several functions. With his help you can z. For example, to set different pressure values on the sprayer for measurements in a stationary position. For example, to adjust the pressure for spraying at constant pressure, this possibility can be exploited. In the present case, the manual load transmitter 25 has a, the upper disc 24 of the Belastungssummierers 21 loading spring plate 28, on which a compression spring 29 is seated. Their bias can be done with an axially displaceable disc 32, in which an axis 31 of a handwheel 30 engages with thread. To relieve the compression spring 29, the spring plate 28 can be lifted from the disc 24, z. B. in that provided in the housing 13 eccentric pin 33 by pushing down a handle 34 is rotated. As a result, the manual load transmitter 25 can be turned off.

From Fig. 2 it can be seen that the piston 14 is laterally provided with a U-shaped recess 35. In an opening 36 of this recess 35 of the housing 13, the regulating unit 37 arranged there protrudes, which regulates the pressure regulator 2 effectively. An embodiment of the regulating unit 37 can be seen in FIG. As shown here, the regulating unit 37 has a housing 38 in which a two-seat ball valve is located. The ball 39 presses either against the upper conical valve seat 40 or the lower conical valve seat 41. Below the lower conical valve seat 41 is a space 42. On the ball 39 centrally supports a vertical control rod 43. In the present case, the upper valve seat 40th formed on the lower end face of a hollow screw 44, wherein the external thread of the hollow screw 44 connects to a threaded bore of the housing 38. By removing or screwing the relative position of the upper valve seat 40 can be regulated. The hollow screw 44 is fixed in its adjusted position by a nut 45.

The hollow screw 44 is provided with a central bore 46, the diameter of which is selected so that around the outer jacket of the control rod 43, an annular space 47 is formed, which communicates with the region of the upper valve seat 40. In the space 42 opens the inlet 48 of the actuating medium, which is connected in the present case via a line 49 to a compressed air source. An outlet 50 of the regulating unit 37 is connected via a line 51 to the pressure regulator 2 of the spray liquid circuit (FIG. 1).

From Fig. 2 it can be seen that the upper free end of the control rod 43 cooperates with the upper horizontal surface of the U-shaped recess 35 of the piston 14. In a downward movement of the piston 14 thus the control rod 43 is the ball

Push 39 downwards and press on the lower valve seat 41. Thus, the ball 39 closes the incoming compressed air the way. The prevailing in the line 51 pressure can then be blown off through the annular space 47, since the upper valve seat

40 is open.

Upon actuation of the spray device according to the embodiment of Fig. 1, the liquid circuit is offset by the driven by the impeller 8 pump 9 in recirculation of FIG. 3. In the control line 12, a pressure builds up, which is transmitted from the control unit 7, which is designed as a print copier, to the pressure regulator 2 of Sprühflüssigkeitskreises. As a result, by relatively simple means a speed-proportional at any time, d. H. area-proportional spraying of the spray liquid can be achieved.

If the operating pressure is less than the originally predetermined pressure value, then the pressure will decrease in the pressure signal line 17, and consequently also in the lower space 16 of the print-copying control unit 7. This leads, however, to the fact that the pressure initially set manually at the load transmitter 25 and the pressure acting on the load totalizer 21 via the control line 12 shift the piston 14 downwards in their summation. Then, the regulating unit 37 regulates in the manner already described above, that is, the ball 39 blocks the lower valve seat 41, and via the outlet 50 and the annular space 47, the pressurized air in the line 51 is blown off.

Since, however, the pressure regulator 2 of the spray liquid circuit receives a lower pressure via the regulating line 51, the pressure in the pressure line 4 is increased by the pressure regulator 2. We note that in the present case, the pressure regulator 2 is a negative-controlled valve, which ensures in a known per se application of an ever smaller control pressure an ever greater pressure of the spray liquid.

If the operating pressure is higher than the originally predetermined pressure value, then the piston 14 moves upward, while the control rod 43 causes the ball 39 to rise upwards. In this case, the ball 39 is pressed onto the upper valve seat 40 of the inflowing air at the inlet 48, whereby then for the compressed air on the outlet 50 is given free rein. Since the Regulierdruck in the line 51 increases, the pressure regulator 2 is analogously control the Sprühflüssigkeitskreis pressure-reducing. It should be noted that may also be used as a pressure regulator 2, a positively controlled regulating valve or even the current valve in 180 ° twisted into the housing 13 can be installed.

Although in Fig. 1, the spray frame 5 is shown only sketchy, it should be mentioned here that one can also partially shut off the spray frame 5 on the spray device according to the invention, without thereby the pressure prevailing in the pressure line 4 would be changed. This is the one important advantage of the solution according to the invention. Furthermore, such an embodiment is possible in which no separate container 11 is provided for oil for the speed-proportional pressure signal generator unit 6. Here closes without additional container and this liquid circuit to the Sprühflüssigkeitsbehälter 3. Even in the given case, any other suitable device for generating a known speed-proportional printing function may be used as a pressure signal generator unit 6. The second embodiment of the spraying device according to the invention is shown in FIGS. 4 and 5. This device is then suitably used when the speed or area proportional spray is to take place even at constant pressure.

The embodiment of FIG. 4 differs from the solution of Figure 1, as shown here in the Sprühflüssigkeitsbehälter 3 only the stock solution or in the case of liquid delivery, the chemical itself is stored. The constant operating pressure, which is required to the spray heads of the spray frame 5, not shown, is secured by an additional clean water liquid special circuit consisting of a container 52, a pump 53 and a pressure regulator 54. The setting of the operating pressure on the spray frame 5 takes place in the present case in the pure water liquid circuit and is independent of the driving speed of the spray device. A pressure line 55 of the pure water liquid circuit connects to the stock solution leading pressure line 4, in which a restriction 56 is installed before the connection. This variable restriction 56 ensures a pressure drop.

The stock solution thus dosed into a Sprühflüssigkeitskreis, which is under an overpressure. The respective pressure of this spraying liquid circuit is transmitted via a further medium-separating membrane 57 to a pressure signal line 58 to the control unit 7 configured as a print copier.

In Fig. 5 it can be seen that the hiereingesetzten control unit 7 differs from the embodiment of FIG. 2 therein. Here, between the load summation 21 and the spring plate 28, a further load summation 59 is used, and likewise via an elastic membrane 60. With regard to the structural design of the load summation 59, this agrees with the load summation 21.

Its lower disc 61 is arranged axially displaceably in the space 62, in which the pressure signal line 58 opens. Upon actuation of the embodiment according to FIG. 4 and FIG. 5, on the controlled side of the control unit 7, one part of the speed-proportional pressure, and on the other hand the pressure of the pure-water fluid circuit cooperate via the pressure signal line 58. This ensures that the chemical dosage is independent of the respective pressure of the pure water liquid circle.

A significant advantage of this embodiment is that the spray pressure on the spray frame 5 is always constant. However, this causes at the same time at the spray heads drop formation of consistently good quality. This is, according to our experiments, associated with a very good yield.

Finally, it should be noted that the mechanical pressure signal generator unit 6 described in the illustrated embodiments is suitable for the formation of a quadratic (parabolic) function. This indicates that it has proved to be very advantageous in our experiments for designing a parabolic printing function. Of course, one can according to the particular need, also deviating from this, generate other printing functions. Furthermore, the restriction 56 does not necessarily have to be designed as a regulatable throttle valve, but it can be z. B. can be replaced by a correspondingly selected nozzle or nozzle series.

Returning to the embodiment according to FIG. 4, the adjustable restriction 10 also serves to precisely set the desired atomization. It is expedient to design this in such a way that the device has a twofold adjustment possibility. With one, the nominal value is set, while with the other possibility, even during operation, the amount of liquid to be sprayed can be reduced or increased. This is e.g. desirable if the cultivated crops were to change within a single area, or if different soil conditions exist and must be taken into account.

Another advantage of the solution according to the invention is that, according to the relatively simple structural design, a much cheaper and more reliable spraying device is obtained than was possible by the hitherto known solutions. The spraying devices according to the invention can be easily maintained in the agricultural repair shops without much effort. The operation of these sprayers requires no special expertise and expertise.

Furthermore, a noteworthy advantage of the solution according to the invention is that the device can be adjusted in standing position with the handwheel 30 to the necessary pressure (eg on the basis of tables or measured data). This pressure value is set, with the state of the spray frame 5, for the prescribed rate of progress using the throttle 10. Thus, the device is in standby position for operation. The above setting can even be done on the track, without causing chemical losses would occur.

Claims (10)

1. Spray device, in particular for the area-proportional atomization, which has a Sprühfiüssigkeitsbehälter from the Sprühfiüssigkeitsbehälter, a spray device, these interconnecting lines, a pump and a pressure regulator Sprühflüssigkeitskreis, also a speed signal transmitter and a control device with the pressure controller in control connection, characterized in that the speed signal transmitter is configured as a speed-proportional pressure signal generator unit (6), and the control unit (7) is designed as a print copier transmitting the speed-proportional pressure signals of the pressure signal generator unit (6) to the spray fluid circuit. 2. Spraying device according to claim 1, characterized in that the pressure signal generator unit (6) is designed as an additional fluid circuit, in which one, with an impeller (8) of the spray device in forced connection pump (9) and an advantageously adjustable throttling ( 10), and its control line (12) connects to the print-copying control unit (7). 3. Spraying device according to claim 2, characterized in that the additional fluid circuit of the pressure signal generator unit (6) is provided with a container (11) for receiving the positively-recirculated control fluid. 4. Spraying device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the control unit (7) has a in a housing (13) axially displaceable piston (14) whose end faces each with a closed space (15; 16) are in communication in which one space (15) is connected to a control line (12) of the pressure signal generator unit (6), the other room (16) via a pressure signal line (17) to the pressure line (4), further the control unit (7) a regulating unit (37) which is in regulating communication with the pressure regulator (2) of the spray liquid circuit, the regulating unit (37) being in cooperative communication with the piston (14). 5. Spray device according to claim 4, characterized in that the control unit (7) is advantageously provided on the control side with a manually adjustable load transmitter (25) whose spring plate (28) on the end face of the piston (14) via a in space ( 15) axially displaceably arranged load accumulator (21) supports. 6. Spray device according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that on both end faces of the piston (14) depending on a resilient and sealing membrane (19) rests, the edges of which insert into the grooves (20) of the housing (13). 7. Spray device according to one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that the regulating unit (37) of the control unit (7) in an opening (36) of the housing (13) and laterally in a U-shaped recess (35) of the piston ( 14) is arranged engaging, further designed as a with two valve seats (40; 41) ball valve, in which on the ball (39) arranged in the direction of displacement of the piston (14) and at its free end with the end face of the Groove (35) of the piston (14) cooperating control rod (43) supports, and that the one valve seat (41) to the line of Reguliermediums (49), the other seat (40) but with a Abblaseweg, advantageously with an annular space (47 ) communicates, in addition, the ball (39) receiving space of the regulating unit (37) with a channel-shaped outlet (5JD) is provided, which communicates with a pressure regulator (2) connected to the line (51). 8. Spraying device according to claim 7, characterized in that the mutual axial distance between the two conical valve seats (40; 41) of the regulating unit (37) by means of a threaded housing (38) threaded hollow screw (44) is adjustable. 9. Spray device according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that it has an additional pure water-liquid circuit consisting of a container (52), a pump (53) and a pressure regulator (54) whose pressure line (55) a spray frame (5), further connecting the pressure line (4) of the liquid circuit of the preferably stock solution receiving spray liquid container (3) via a controllable restriction (56) on the pressure line (55), further the pure water liquid circuit via a medium-separating membrane (57) and a pressure signal line (58) is connected to a further load summing unit (59) of the control unit (7). 10. A spraying device according to claim 9, characterized in that the load sum (59) of the control unit (7) is arranged between the first load summation (21) and the manual load transmitter (25), wherein between the adjacent disks of the two load summers (21; ) an elastic and sealing membrane (60) is inserted. For this 4 pages drawings Field of application of the invention The invention relates to a spraying device, which is mainly suitable for the area-proportional spraying of the spray liquid and can be advantageously used especially in crop protection in agricultural production.