NL8303897A - ACOUSTICALLY OPERATING BUILDING ELEMENT. - Google Patents
ACOUSTICALLY OPERATING BUILDING ELEMENT. Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- NL8303897A NL8303897A NL8303897A NL8303897A NL8303897A NL 8303897 A NL8303897 A NL 8303897A NL 8303897 A NL8303897 A NL 8303897A NL 8303897 A NL8303897 A NL 8303897A NL 8303897 A NL8303897 A NL 8303897A
- Authority
- NL
- Netherlands
- Prior art keywords
- building element
- plate
- resistance
- element according
- perforations
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 210000003454 tympanic membrane Anatomy 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000565 sealant Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 claims 7
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011111 cardboard Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004922 lacquer Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000013517 stratification Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000011491 glass wool Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000011490 mineral wool Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 206010061218 Inflammation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 for example Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004054 inflammatory process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007794 irritation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005293 physical law Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000024891 symptom Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005028 tinplate Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar form; Layered products having particular features of form
- B32B3/26—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar form; Layered products having particular features of form characterised by a particular shape of the outline of the cross-section of a continuous layer; characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids ; characterised by an apertured layer
- B32B3/266—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar form; Layered products having particular features of form characterised by a particular shape of the outline of the cross-section of a continuous layer; characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids ; characterised by an apertured layer characterised by an apertured layer, the apertures going through the whole thickness of the layer, e.g. expanded metal, perforated layer, slit layer regular cells B32B3/12
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
- E04B1/82—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to sound only
- E04B1/84—Sound-absorbing elements
- E04B1/8409—Sound-absorbing elements sheet-shaped
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
- B32B5/022—Non-woven fabric
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/10—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular acoustical properties
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
- E04B1/82—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to sound only
- E04B1/84—Sound-absorbing elements
- E04B2001/8457—Solid slabs or blocks
- E04B2001/8461—Solid slabs or blocks layered
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
- E04B1/82—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to sound only
- E04B1/84—Sound-absorbing elements
- E04B2001/8457—Solid slabs or blocks
- E04B2001/8476—Solid slabs or blocks with acoustical cavities, with or without acoustical filling
- E04B2001/848—Solid slabs or blocks with acoustical cavities, with or without acoustical filling the cavities opening onto the face of the element
Description
* .- m t 60.90.611* .- m t 60.90.611
AKOESTISCH HERKEND BXWfTffiMTACOUSTICALLY RECOGNIZED BXWfTffiMT
De uitvinding heeft betrekking op een akoestisch werkend bouwelement uit een van gaten of spleten voorziene plaat.The invention relates to an acoustically operating building element from a plate provided with holes or slits.
Reeds lang bekend zijn bouwelementen bestaande uit van gaten of spleten voorziene platen uit dunwandige bliksoorten of dergelijke 5 materialen, welke als geluidsabsorberende afdekking met een voering van viltmatten van glas- of steenwol bij de binnenafwerking toegepast worden.Building elements consisting of plates with holes or slits made of thin-walled cans or similar materials have long been known, which are used as sound-absorbing cover with a lining of felt mats of glass or rock wool in the interior finishing.
De geluidabsorberende werking van dergelijke bouwelementen hangt af van verschillende omstandigheden, en wel in het bijzonder van de 10 zogenaamde vrije doorsnede van de platen, d.w.z. de verhouding van het oppervlak van de openingen tot het totale oppervlak van de plaat, de dikte van de als voering aangebrachte geluidabsorberende viltlaag alsmede de afstand tussen de geluidabsorberende af deklaag en het akoestisch harde ruwe metselwerk van het bouwwerk.The sound-absorbing effect of such building elements depends on various circumstances, in particular on the so-called free cross-section of the plates, ie the ratio of the surface area of the openings to the total surface area of the plate, the thickness of the lining. applied sound-absorbing felt layer as well as the distance between the sound-absorbing covering layer and the acoustically hard rough masonry of the building.
15 De uit glas- of steenwol bestaande geluidabsorberende lagen zijn niet goedkoop en de op de bouwplaats uit te voeren montage werkzaamheden voor het inbrengen van het geluidabsorberende vilt in de dekplaten zijn betrekkelijk hoog, aangezien de lenen van de bouwvakarbeiders tot de hoogste lonen gerekend dienen te worden.15 The sound-absorbing layers consisting of glass or rock wool are not cheap and the installation work to be carried out on the construction site for the insertion of the sound-absorbing felt into the cover plates is relatively high, since the loans of the construction workers must be counted as the highest wages. turn into.
20 De verwerking van de geluidabsorberende viltlaag is bovendien in zoverre onaangenaam en onder omstandigheden ook schadelijk voor de gezondheid dat de kleine glasvezels van het glas- of steenwol zeer breekbaar zijn en zich gemakkelijk bij de verwerking in de huid van de handen kunnen vastzetten en daardoor aanleiding kunnen geven tot 25 het ontstaan van ontstekingen. Bovendien veroorzaken zij ook irritatieverschijnselen in de neus, de mond en de keel.20 Moreover, the processing of the sound-absorbing felt layer is unpleasant and, under certain circumstances, also harmful to health, because the small glass fibers of the glass or rock wool are very fragile and can easily settle in the skin of the hands during processing and are therefore can give up to 25 the occurrence of inflammation. In addition, they also cause irritation symptoms in the nose, mouth and throat.
Voorts dienen bij de vervaardiging van de verschillende geluidabsorberende viltsoorten de uitgangsmaterialen onder toepassing van een aanzienlijke hoeveelheid energie te worden gesmolten en d.m.v.Furthermore, in the manufacture of the various sound absorbing felts, the starting materials must be melted using a significant amount of energy and dm.v.
30 een gecompliceerde werkwijze tot dunne vezels verwerkt.30 processed into thin fibers in a complicated process.
8303897 28303897 2
De uitvinding gaat uit van de probleemstelling een akoestisch werkend bouwelement te verschaffen, bestaande uit een van gaten of spleten voorziene plaat, waarbij de in het voorgaande opgesctnde nadelen worden vermeden.The invention is based on the problem of providing an acoustically operating building element, consisting of a plate provided with holes or slits, wherein the disadvantages identified above are avoided.
5 De uitvinding betreft dan ook een akoestisch werkend bouwelement uit een van gaten of spleten voorziene plaat welk element daardoor gekenmerkt is dat een vezelvlies zodanig op een plaat is aangebracht, dat het vlies op alle plaatsen onlosmakelijk qp de plaat is bevestigd en de perforaties van de plaat als een trcnmelvlies overspant.The invention therefore also relates to an acoustically operating building element made of a plate provided with holes or slits, which element is characterized in that a fiber web is applied to a plate in such a way that the web is fixed inseparably in all places on the plate and the perforations of the plate spans like a tympanic membrane.
Verdere kenmerken van de uitvinding zijn opgescmd in de ondercan-clusies.Further features of the invention are included in the subcanus claims.
Op grond van fysische wetten waaraan tot dusverre weinig aandacht is geschonken kan de straningsweerstand van de tot dusverre gebruikte geluidabsorberende viltsoorten bij de bouwelementen volgens de uitvinding aldus bereikt en qp de in de bouwtechniek vereisde werkingsgraad ingesteld worden, dat dunwandige geperforeerde platen, bij voorkeur uit blik, zodanig met poreuze materialen, zoals bijvoorbeeld papier, folie of textielmateriaal, verbonden worden dat deze materialen in het gebied van de perforaties als een trcnmelvlies 20 gespannen zijn. De hierdoor ontstane definieerbare straningsweerstand kan door opbrengen van vulstoffen op het vlies naar believen ingesteld worden.On the basis of physical laws to which little attention has hitherto been given, the radiant resistance of the sound-absorbing felts hitherto used in the building elements according to the invention can thus be achieved and the degree of effectiveness required in construction technology can be set, that thin-walled perforated plates, preferably tinplate are bonded to porous materials such as, for example, paper, foil or textile material, such that these materials are stretched in the region of the perforations like a tympanic membrane. The resulting definable radiation resistance can be adjusted as desired by applying fillers to the fleece.
Een belangrijke verlaging van de vervaardigingskosten van de bouwelementen volgens de uitvinding ontstaat daardoor, dat deze bouw-25 elementen reeds bij de industriële fabricage in de akoestisch werkzame toestand gebracht worden, zoals deze bij de verwerking op de bouwplaats nodig is.A significant reduction in the manufacturing costs of the building elements according to the invention results from the fact that these building elements are already brought into acoustically effective state during industrial manufacture, as is required during processing on the building site.
De geluidabsorberende werking van het bouwelement volgens de uitvinding wordt daardoor bereikt, dat in het gebied van de perforaties 30 waarover het vliesmateriaal als een trommelvlies gespannen is, een definieerbare straningsweerstand ontstaat, die in akoestisch/mathe-matische definieerbaarheid het storende geluid in bepaalbare mate vernietigt. De perforaties in de plaat hebben een "sproeiwerking", die 8303897 3 m t nog versterkt wordt door het opgebrachte vezelvliesmateriaal. Het vezelvlies verdicht de perforatie van de plaat. Deze sproeiwerking staat daardoor in directe samenhang met de verlaging van het geluidsniveau in de ruimte.The sound-absorbing effect of the building element according to the invention is achieved in that in the region of the perforations 30 over which the fleece material is stretched like a tympanic membrane, a definable radiation resistance is created, which destroys the disturbing sound to a definite extent in acoustic / mathematic definability . The perforations in the plate have a "spraying effect", which is further enhanced by the applied non-woven material. The fiber fleece compacts the perforation of the plate. This spraying effect is therefore directly related to the reduction of the sound level in the room.
5 Door zinvolle manipulatie van het als een trommelvlies gespannen vezelvlies kan de straningsweerstand verhoogd en daarmede de geluid-absorberende werking (de absorptiegraad) in bepaalde frequentie-gebieden veranderd worden.By meaningful manipulation of the eardrum stretched as a tympanic membrane, the radiation resistance can be increased and the sound-absorbing effect (the degree of absorption) can thus be changed in certain frequency ranges.
Deze manipulatie kan bijvoorbeeld bereikt worden door het opsproeien 10 van af dichtende stoffen op het vezelvlies. Deze af dichtende stoffen vernauwen de tussenruimten tussen de vezels van het vlies en verminderen daardoor de stroming.This manipulation can be achieved, for example, by spraying sealants onto the fiber web. These sealants constrict the interstices between the fibers of the web and thereby reduce the flow.
Door verandering van de vrije doorsnede van de perforaties van het bouwelement en een overeenkomstige behandeling van het over de 15 perforaties gespannen vezelvlies kan gemakkelijk de geluidabsorberende werking van de tot dusverre gebruikelijke panelen uit steen- of glaswol met een dikte van 30 ran bereikt worden. Het bouwelement volgens de uitvinding heeft bij voorkeur een dikte van minder dan 1 ran, en heeft daarbij een zelfde of betere werkzaamheid dan de gebruike-20 lijke geluidabsorberende platen met een 30 irm dikke geluidabsorberende mat uit steen- of glaswol.By changing the free cross-section of the perforations of the building element and a corresponding treatment of the fiber web stretched over the perforations, it is easy to achieve the sound-absorbing effect of the hitherto usual panels of rock or glass wool with a thickness of 30 ran. The building element according to the invention preferably has a thickness of less than 1 ran, and has the same or better effectiveness than the usual sound-absorbing plates with a 30-mm thick sound-absorbing mat made of rock or glass wool.
De aan de uitvinding ten grondslag liggende gedachte wordt in de volgende beschrijving aan de hand van een uitvoeringsvoorbeeld nader toegelicht. In de tekening stellen voor: 25 Figuur 1 een bovenaanzicht op een uitsnede van een akoestisch werkzaam bouwelement volgens de uitvinding,The idea underlying the invention is further elucidated in the following description with reference to an exemplary embodiment. In the drawing: Figure 1 shows a top view of a cut-out of an acoustically active building element according to the invention,
Figuur 2 een doorsnede van het bouwelement volgens figuur 1.Figure 2 shows a cross-section of the building element according to Figure 1.
Het bouwelement bestaat uit een grondelement in de vorm van een geperforeerde dunwandige plaat 1, vervaardigd uit blik, met een 30 daarover gespannen en vast net de plaat 1 verbonden fijnmazig vezelvlies 2. De afstanden 3 en de doorsnede van de perforaties 4 richten zich naar de straningsweerstand, die tezamen met de straningsweerstand van het opgebrachte vezelvlies 2 definieerbaar is.The building element consists of a base element in the form of a perforated thin-walled sheet 1, made of tin, with a fine-mesh fleece 2, which is stretched and fixed just above the sheet 1, and the distances 3 and the cross-section of the perforations 4 point towards the radiation resistance, which can be defined together with the radiation resistance of the applied fiber web 2.
83038978303897
Claims (11)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE3242940 | 1982-11-20 | ||
DE19823242940 DE3242940A1 (en) | 1982-11-20 | 1982-11-20 | ACOUSTICALLY EFFECTIVE COMPONENT |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
NL8303897A true NL8303897A (en) | 1984-06-18 |
Family
ID=6178567
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
NL8303897A NL8303897A (en) | 1982-11-20 | 1983-11-14 | ACOUSTICALLY OPERATING BUILDING ELEMENT. |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
BE (1) | BE898253A (en) |
CH (1) | CH662385A5 (en) |
DE (1) | DE3242940A1 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2536444A1 (en) |
GB (1) | GB2133431B (en) |
NL (1) | NL8303897A (en) |
Families Citing this family (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
SE461048B (en) * | 1987-03-02 | 1989-12-18 | Gyproc Ab | PERFORED, SOUND-ABSORBING DISC |
SE500334C2 (en) * | 1990-02-08 | 1994-06-06 | Rockwool Ab | Curved acoustic element |
DE4008861A1 (en) * | 1990-03-20 | 1991-10-02 | Friedrich Priehs | SOUND INSULATION COMPONENT |
US5175401A (en) * | 1991-03-18 | 1992-12-29 | Grumman Aerospace Corporation | Segmented resistance acoustic attenuating liner |
GB2257994B (en) * | 1991-07-03 | 1994-11-30 | Hunter Douglas Ind Bv | Sound absorbent building material |
DE4335654C2 (en) * | 1993-10-15 | 1997-01-23 | Herbst Donald | Sound absorbing building board |
US5832685A (en) * | 1995-08-03 | 1998-11-10 | Hermanson; Lars S. | Self-supporting interior surface panel |
GB2306984B (en) * | 1995-11-09 | 2000-01-26 | Cas Architects Limited | External walling of a building |
WO2001071116A1 (en) | 2000-03-20 | 2001-09-27 | Newmat, S.A. | Flexible sheet fabrics for tensile structures, method for making same, tensile false ceilings comprising same |
DE102008020941B4 (en) * | 2008-04-25 | 2020-09-24 | Ventomaxx Gmbh | Air guiding element for supplying and / or removing air |
DE102008025840A1 (en) * | 2008-05-29 | 2009-12-03 | Volkswagen Ag | Device for sound absorption and sound damping, has resonance absorber fleece, where each layer consists of acoustically transparent knitting fleece |
Family Cites Families (16)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE7209560U (en) * | 1972-06-15 | Kiss G | Self-supporting ceiling element for preferably suspended ceiling systems | |
BE483695A (en) * | 1945-09-19 | |||
GB664729A (en) * | 1949-07-15 | 1952-01-09 | Gyproc Products Ltd | Improvements in and relating to acoustic tiles or panels |
GB905437A (en) * | 1961-02-01 | 1962-09-05 | William George Kemp | Improvements in acoustical panels and in structures employing such panels |
DE1900301U (en) * | 1964-05-05 | 1964-09-10 | Vogt Bueromoebel | WALL PLATE. |
DE6916548U (en) * | 1969-04-17 | 1969-09-18 | Borgers Johann Kg | SOUND SUCTION PLATE |
GB1327874A (en) * | 1970-11-05 | 1973-08-22 | Daempa As | Accoustic ceilings |
DE2161674A1 (en) * | 1971-12-13 | 1973-06-28 | Saleen Ges Mbh & Co | SOUND ABSORBING PLATE |
CA991375A (en) * | 1972-11-10 | 1976-06-22 | James C. Ollinger | Carpet-faced wallboard |
US3887031A (en) * | 1973-06-11 | 1975-06-03 | Lockheed Aircraft Corp | Dual-range sound absorber |
DE2438987A1 (en) * | 1974-08-14 | 1976-02-26 | Helmut Dr Schmidt | Multi layers sound absorbing plate with rigid covering - has foam plastics sound absorbing core and outer casing with holes in it |
US4084366A (en) * | 1975-11-14 | 1978-04-18 | Haworth Mfg., Inc. | Sound absorbing panel |
DK4379A (en) * | 1979-01-04 | 1980-07-05 | Daempa As | SOUND ABSORPTION UNIT |
DE2930123A1 (en) * | 1979-07-25 | 1981-02-12 | Wilhelmi Holzwerk | SOUND-absorbing building board |
DE3029938C2 (en) * | 1979-09-21 | 1982-08-12 | Armstrong World Industries, Inc., 17604 Lancaster, Pa. | Process for the production of a sound-absorbing wall panel |
DE2947607C2 (en) * | 1979-11-26 | 1985-01-24 | Fa. Carl Freudenberg, 6940 Weinheim | Airborne sound-absorbing cladding for a wall or ceiling |
-
1982
- 1982-11-20 DE DE19823242940 patent/DE3242940A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1983
- 1983-11-08 FR FR8317749A patent/FR2536444A1/en active Pending
- 1983-11-11 GB GB08330165A patent/GB2133431B/en not_active Expired
- 1983-11-14 NL NL8303897A patent/NL8303897A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1983-11-18 CH CH6220/83A patent/CH662385A5/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1983-11-18 BE BE2/60260A patent/BE898253A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
BE898253A (en) | 1984-03-16 |
CH662385A5 (en) | 1987-09-30 |
DE3242940A1 (en) | 1984-05-24 |
FR2536444A1 (en) | 1984-05-25 |
GB8330165D0 (en) | 1983-12-21 |
GB2133431B (en) | 1987-01-21 |
GB2133431A (en) | 1984-07-25 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
A85 | Still pending on 85-01-01 | ||
BV | The patent application has lapsed |