NL8102040A - PROCESSING ROLLER WITH HIGH CHROME CONTENT, AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING THE SAME - Google Patents

Description

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High chromium counting traps and methods for their manufacture.

The present invention relates to a centrifugal casting fabricated high chromium bonding false, in particular to such a birthing false which has a high resilience to abrasion and surface roughening and is reliable, such as polishing blanking rollers used in hot and rolling mills cold rolling of strip steel or iron and for removing the casting skin, and a method for manufacturing such a roller.

As is known, polishing enhancement traps used for hot or cold rolling, etc. should have the following properties: (1) abrasion resistance:

This is an important property relating to the behavior of the surface as well as accuracy of the thickness of the rolled product; 15 (2) reliability:

The beaver false must have a sufficiently high toughness relative to an abnormal false beacon; (3) surface roughness resistance:

Since the quality of the false surface has a large influence on the quality of the rolled product, resistance to surface roughening is necessary.

As materials having the aforementioned three properties, adamite, an indeterminate rapid cooling hardened material, ductile material, hardened material, cast steel or forged and suddenly cooled steel, etc., are generally used, but these have certain disadvantages, so that they do not can be considered as fully satisfactory polishing rolls for strip or sheet metal processing plants.

Thus, adamite and the indeterminate by rapid cooling are cured material, e.g. in which free cementite has crystallized in large quantities, problematic vessel concerns their resilience to surface roughening and their toughness. In the steel in which graphite has crystallized, this graphite is removed, causing the surface to be roughened 8102040 λ i 2. To prevent this, hard carbides are dispersed uniformly in the material.

It is recommended to make a roller from a material in which the resistance to surface roughness and the. abrasion resistance are improved by increasing the Cr content. However, in order to achieve a high hardness with this material, a high internal residual stress is required, which leads to manufacturing difficulties. It is known, for example, to use a composite roller formed of different materials with regard to the cylinder part and the shaft part (internal layer ). Such a composite roller is generally formed by centrifugal casting.

When a material with a high Cr content for the outside and a steel material for the core is used in the above composite roll, the toughness of the material 15 will not be appreciably deteriorated, even though diffusion, from Cr from the inner surface of the outside to the core, a core with a high Cr content is formed. However, in the manufacture of the steel core, the. feed roller to prevent shrink holes in the core portion to be larger, thereby increasing costs, while due to the high modulus of elasticity such material has drawbacks in thermal stress and residual stress.

In order to make the feed roller smaller and to decrease the core's modulus of elasticity, thereby reducing the thermal stress and residual stress, the core should preferably be formed from cast iron, but if Cr is remelted on the outside and sent to the core. core diffuses, the core material becomes very brittle, causing the combination to lose its value. Moreover, when a material with a high Cr content is used for the outside, an oxide film with a high melting point is formed on the inner surface of the outside, so that the weldability is insufficient.

The main object of the invention is to provide a machining roller with a high chromium content, which has an excellent wear resistance and resistance to surface roughening, and which is secured, whereby the drawbacks of existing machining rollers for hot and cold rolling of strip and sheet metal plates are eliminated. taken away.

Thus, it is a main object of the invention to provide a high chromium processing roller in which, between the outer cast iron layer comprising 2.0-3.2 ° C, 0.5 - 1.5 # Si, 0.5 - 1.5 # Mh, less than 0.08 # P, less than 0.06% S, 1.0 - 2.0 # Onion, 10 - 25 # Cr, 0 .5 - 1.5 # Mo, less than 1.0 # Nb and less than 1.0 # V with the remainder consisting mainly of Fe and the core comprising 3.0 - 3.8 # C, 2.3 - 3 .0 # Si, 0.3 - 1.0 # Mh, less than 0.1 # P, less than 0.02 # S, less than 2.0 # Ni, less than 1.5 # Cr, less than 1.0 # Mo and 0.002 - 0.1 # Mg with the remainder mainly Fe, an intermediate layer formed of a cast iron, which is 1.0 - 2.5 # C, 0.5 - 1.5 # Si, 0 .5 - 1.5 # Mn, less than 1.5 # Ni, 5 - 10 # Cr and less 10 # 1.0 # Mb, with the remainder mainly comprising Fe, which is integrated in a metallurgical sense forms.

It is a further object of the invention to provide a method for manufacturing a high-chromium processing roller, in which an intermediate layer is formed by a molten metal of low Cr-content in between the casting steps of the outer layer and of the core. to prevent Cr from diffusing to the core from the outer layer, which has a high Cr content.

Figure 1 shows a front view of a working roller 20 of the invention, which is cut along a plane containing its central axis, while Figure 2 shows a cross section of the working roller of Figure 1 along the line II-II.

The outer layer of the high chrome content processing roll according to the invention has a hardness of 70 - 80 Hs (Shore hardness). Its components and properties are now described: C is determined by the amount of carbide desired to be introduced and by equilibrium with Cr within the range in which stable (FeCr type) carbides can be obtained. even if the C content is less than 2.0 #, the amount of carbides formed is small, which leads to a reduced wear resistance, but if it is greater than 3.2 #, the amount of carbides becomes too large, which reduces the mechanical strength Consequently, the C content should be 2.0 - 3.2 #.

Si is used for the deoxidation of molten metal. At an amount less than 0.5 #, this effect cannot be controlled 8102040

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I reach out. If the amount exceeds 1.5%, a deterioration of the mechanical properties will result in the modification temperature of alpha to gamma iron being raised, causing difficulties. he gives the conversion to gamma iron ,. so it consequently; high hardness is difficult to achieve. It is for these reasons that it serves

Si content to be kept within the range of 0.5-1.5 $.

The amount of Mn to assist Si deoxidation should be at least 0.5%. If it is less than 0.5%, the effect of the deoxidation is low, but if it is higher than 1.5%, the mechanical properties, especially the toughness, are markedly deteriorated. Consequently, the Mn content should be 0.5-1.5 $. _

As far as P is concerned, a low P content in the roll material is preferred, and in view of the fact that F has a rust-flavoring effect, the content thereof should be less than 0.08%.

As far as S is concerned, a small content is desirable because S, like P, has a chafing effect on the roll material. The content should preferably be less than 0.06 $.

Onion is present since it positively alters the hardness or improves the quenching properties. At a level of less than 1.0 $, this effect is not. but at a level higher than $ 2, the residual austenite content increases, making it difficult to increase the hardness of the material. To. a hardness range of. To achieve J0 - 80 S, the Hi content: especially 25. fall in the range of 1.0 - 2.0 $. -

Cr is added to improve. de · toughness and wear resistance. If the content is less than $ 10, large amounts of M ^ C type carbides will crystallize. As a result. toughness decreases and refining and homogenization cannot be achieved. If the amount exceeds 25%, the amount of M ^ Cg type carbides increases. These carbides, which have a low hardness compared to M 2 Cl 2 carbides, do not provide sufficient wear resistance. Consequently, the Cr content should be $ 10-25.

Mo not only improves resistance to, quenching and tempering, but also promotes softening resistance by tempering, while also increasing the hardness of the carbides, because 81 0 2 0 4 0 • - - r * 5 bat commits to that. This effect cannot be achieved if the content is less than 0 * 5/5 »but if it is greater than 1.5 $, the hardness will become too high, namely higher than 80 HS. Consequently, the Mo content should be 0.5-1.5 #.

Note that refining the casting structure is a desirable component, but the roller of the invention may optionally be made without the addition thereof. The Nb content promotes precipitation curing, which can improve wear resistance. Particularly in the hardness range of 70 - 80 HS, this effect is noticeable in an amount less than 0.1 # Nb. If the amount is greater than 1.0 #, this effect will reach a saturation point and the cost will become too great. Consequently, the Nb content should be less than 1.0 #. .7 is present for the same purpose as Nb. The addition thereof is desirable, but without the addition thereof, the roller of the invention can also be realized. For a hardness range of 70 - 80 HS, a 7 content of less than 1 * 0 # is sufficient. If the content is greater than 1.0 #, the amount of 7-earbides increases *, thereby proportionally decreasing the amount of Cr carbides, which conversely leads to a reduced wear resistance. Thus, the 7 content should be less than 1.0 #.

The description of the respective components given above is related to the hardness range of J0 - 80 HS-Sen. Such limitation can be established for the following reasons: 25 Ih in general, the wear resistance of the working roller in the hot-n cold rolling operations is directly coupled with the hardness. Thus, at a hardness less than 70 HS, the surface roughness resistance and wear resistance will abruptly decrease, while, if the hardness exceeds 80 HS, the reliability and cracking resistance will also decrease rapidly due to local heating of the roller under abnormal rolling conditions. Accordingly, to ensure high surface roughness resistance, high wear resistance, reliability and cracking resistance, the hardness range for high chrome machining rollers should be preferably 35 70 - 80 HS.

Hereinafter, the components and amounts thereof in the core material of the high chromium processing roller 8102040 6 of the invention will be described.

Inmeaving Cr from the outer layer into the core material. is greatly reduced by the interlayer compared to a roller without an interlayer, but it is impossible to completely avoid mixing in 5 Cr. Due to the diffusion of Cr from the outer layer, the Cr content of the core material will increase by about 0.5-100%. The chemical composition and properties of the core material should thus be chosen to take this increase in Cr content into account.

10 C is present to impart toughness and strength. At a C content. lower than. 3.0 $ will cause a significant decrease in core toughness when rapidly cooling the material. If more than 3.8% is present: ,, excessive gra-cycle formation occurs. Then not only does the core strength become insufficient, but the shaft portion appears to have a lower hardness and will show surface roughening during operation. Consequently, the C content should be 3.0 - 3.8 $.

If the Si content falls below 2 * 3 $, the graphite formation does not proceed well; there is a strong precipitation of cement, while if the Si content is higher than 3.0, the graphite formation is promoted, whereby the strength will decrease. Consequently, the Si content should be 2.3-3.0 $.

Mn eliminates the harmful effects of S by binding with S to MnS. This effect is not obtained at a content of less than 0.3%. When the content exceeds 1.0 $, the harmful effects of S are prevented, but the material deteriorates in other respects. Consequently, the Mh content should be 0.3-1.0 $.

P that effectively increases the fluidity of the molten metal, but makes the material brittle, should be present in small amounts. The P content should thus be less than 1.0 $.

Since. S, just as P makes the material brittle, it is desirable to add a small amount. The core material, which is of a duetile cast iron, combines with Mg to form MgS, thereby reducing the S content. However, for a globular graphite, the S content should be small. Consequently, the S content should be less 81 0 2.0 4 0 -.

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than 0.02fl ».

Ni is present for stabilizing graphite. An amount greater than 2.0 # gives a striking effect. Thus, the Ni content should be less than 2.0 #.

Since the outer layer has a high chromium content, it is inevitable that some Cr will enter the core material even if an intermediate layer is applied. The lower the Cr content of the material, the more advantageous it is, but if graphite precipitation is desired, its content should be balanced with Si and not lower than preferably 1 .5 # · Sen amount greater than 1.5 # will cause an increase in cementite in the material and thus a decrease in toughness. Consequently, the Cr content should be less than 1.5 #.

Mo is a desirable element, but it blocks the crystallization of graphite. However, too high a content of this element gives too high a hardness. Consequently, the Mo content should be less than 1.0 #.

Mg is an element necessary for the formation of globular graphite, but a content thereof below 0.02 # does not give sufficient effect; as a result, the core material cannot be made tough and ductile enough. However, a content greater than 0.1 # is undesirable in view of its undesirable effect in rapid cooling curing and because it is trapped in the product as slag. Consequently, the Mg content should be 0.02 - 0.1 #.

It cannot be prevented that the Cr, Ni and Mo present in the core material are usually mixed in the material if they are not added in a positive way. However, the invention can be realized without adding these components.

Next, the components and amounts of the intermediate layer of the high chromium processing of the invention will be described.

This intermediate layer is provided to prevent chromium from diffusing into the core material due to the high chromium content in the outer layer, thereby decreasing the toughness of the core material by Cr.

C is present for the purpose of imparting toughness and strength to the 8102040 a intermediate layer. If Cr in the outer layer by just in between-. the molten metal is dissolved and it is completely uniformly mixed with the molten intermediate metal, the amount of Cr will be 5-10 # in total. If the C-content is lower than 1.0 #, the casting temperature of the intermediate layer will rise too high. Then the outer layer tends to melt, causing the percentage of Cr to rise further. As a result, the significance of the intermediate layer as a means of preventing diffusion of Cr into the core material will be lost.

If the C content exceeds 2.5 # ». the amount of carbides increases; the intermediate layer itself then loses its toughness, so that its positive meaning is lost. Consequently, the C content should be 1.0-2.5 #.

For the. casting of the intermediate layer requires a low Cr content. For the chemical composition in the crucible, before the molten metal is poured into the intermediate layer, the amount should be less than 1.0%, which amount is easily adjustable in industrial practice. The total sum of the amount of Cr in the molten metal in the crucible, before pouring, and the amount. Cr, which comes from the outer layer: bee; the formation of the intermediate layer * by casting increases to high values such as 5 - 10 #. This Cr will. in. entering the core material, leading to an increase in the amount of Cr in the core material.

In order to set the amount of Cr in the core material below 1.5%, the amount must be. Cr in the interlayer are set within the range of 5 - 10 # through. choose correct casting conditions. Consequently, the Cr content should be 5 - 10 #.

Si has a deoxidation effect on the molten metal. An amount less than 0.5 # does not have this effect. Thus, at least 0.5 # is required. However, if the amount exceeds 1.5 #, the intermediate layer becomes brittle leading to a deterioration of its mechanical properties. The Si content should be 0.5 - 1.5 #.

Mn has a similar effect to Si and it also takes the. harmful effects of S are eliminated by the formation of MhS. An amount of 0.5 # is necessary. If the quantity is larger. than 1.5 #, a saturation effect will occur and the mechanical properties will deteriorate 81 0 2 0 4 0 2. Consequently, the Mh content should be 0.5-1.5 $.

Ni is present to provide the correct deterrence properties and to provide improved toughness. The amount of it can be up to more than $ 0.3 by mixing it in from the layer of wood without adding it positively. Amounts up to $ 1.5 provide this effect without problems occurring. If the amount is greater than 1.5%, the matrix will become too hard due to an enhanced quenching action, which is undesirable from the viewpoint of toughness and residual stress *.

Mo has a similar effect to Ni. An amount greater than 1.0 $ thereof makes the interlayer too hard. The amount should be less than $ 1.0.

What P ,. S and Ti are: P increases the fluidity of the molten metal, but causes a decrease in the toughness in the roll material. The P content should be less than 0.1%.

Like P, S has a chafing effect on the roll material. The practical level, which is not harmful in this respect, should be less than 0.1 $.

Ni and Mo are desirable elements for the intermediate layer, but the invention can also be practiced without addition.

Addition of Ti is desirable for deoxidizing the molten metal. If the content is less than 0.01 $, this has no oxidation effect. An amount greater than 0.1% causes the molten metal to enter the peroxidized state and causes a reduction in the fluidity of the molten metal. Consequently, the Ti content should be 0.01 - 0.1 $.

Al and Zr, which are normally used in place of Ti, a s-deoxidizing agents, can be used in an amount of 0.01-1.1%. Ti, Al, Zr give optimal results in the range 0.03-0.05 $.

The high-chrome processing roller according to the invention has the structure described in detail above. The manufacturing method of this high chromium processing roller is described in connection with the embodiment shown in Figures 1 and 2.

8102040 *> 10

Only after the molten metal, which forms the outer layer 1, is poured into a metal mold, which is lined on the inner surface thereof with a refractory material and which is rotated in a centrifugal casting machine, the intermediate layer 2 is poured, before-5. that the inner surface of outer layer 1 is coagulated. When these two parts, ie the outer layer 1 and the intermediate layer 2, have completely hardened, the mold is put upright and the molten metal, which is to form the ductile cast iron of the core 3, is poured through the top, whereby the outer layer 1 the intermediate layer 2 and the core 10 3 are fully combined in a metallurgical sense to form an integral roller.

Alternatively, before the outer layer 1 and the intermediate layer 2 have fully set, core 3 may be hardened by an appropriate method using. a centrifugal casting device, in which the axis of rotation of the mold is held, horizontal or inclined, are cast, while part of it. inner surface remains in the non-coagulated state.

An embodiment of the high chromium castor roller according to the invention is described below

Three types of high chrome machining rollers with a cylinder diameter of 680 mm, a cylinder length of 1,800 mm and a total length of 3,800 mm were manufactured with the alloy of Examples I, ΙΓ and III as summarized in the table.

(1) A molten metal of high chromium content to form the 80 mm thick (2.00 kg) outer layer was cast at 100 ° C in a rotary mold of a centrifugal casting machine.

(2) 18 minutes after the start of casting, from the outer layer, a molten metal to form a 35 mm thick (1000 to 30 kg) intermediate layer was poured into the rotary mold at 11 + 70 ° C.

(3) 30 minutes after the start of the casting of the outer layer, the outer layer and the intermediate layer were fully coagulated.

(tl,) Then. the mold upright and poured through the top of it the molten metal, intended to form the due cast iron of the core at 1380 ° C, after which, after the mold was completely filled, the rising funnel was placed and the 8102040 11 cast iron covered with an insulator.

(51) After the whole had cooled completely, the roller was removed from the mold and subjected to a machining operation to obtain the final product.

The results of an ultrasonic test and fracture examination on the roll cylinder showed that the thickness of the outer layer after the interlayer was cast became 60 mm, and that the interlayer had a thickness of 30 - 35 mm at a Cr- content of 6.0-8.0%.

The outer layer, intermediate layer and core were found to be fully united and to form a whole.

The chemical compositions of Examples I, II and TTT of the molten metals before the outer layer, intermediate layer and core were cast are shown in the table.

It is noted that a small amount of Nb and 7 enters the intermediate layer at the stage of casting from the outer layer.

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Hereafter, operating results obtained with the high chromium content trap of the invention were illustrated.

A roller having the same chemical analysis as indicated in the above-described embodiment was used as a hot strip metal crushing mill.

The roller had excellent wear resistance when rolling HI-C materials, which are highly resistant to deformation.

Rolling with usual 10 rolls, wear per cycle: 0.21 mm

Rolling with conventional rollers, average degree of planing per cycle when planing the surface 15 of the used roller: 0.35 mm

Rolling with the roller of the invention, wear per cycle:

Example I: 0.16 mm Example IX: 0.14 mm

Example III: 0.15 mm

Rolling with the roller of the invention, average degree of planing per cycle when planing the surface of the used roller:

Example I: 0.2β mm

Example II: 0.23 mm

Example III: 0.2k mm. 1 8102040

Surface roughening did not in any case lead to the possible replacement of the roller. The rolling operation was performed successfully until the roller reached its final diameter (the depth of the surface consumption was 4-0 mm) without any difficulties.

Claims (5)

High chromium processing roller comprising an intermediate layer of a cast iron comprising, by weight T, 0 - 2.5 $ C, 0.5 - 1.5 $ Si, 0.5 - 1.5 $ Mn and 5 - 10 $ Cr, with the rest in. essentially Fe, which in the metallurgical sense forms a whole; with the outer layer of a cast iron comprising 2.0-3.2 $ C, 0.5-1.5 $ Si, 0.5-1.5 $ Mn, less than 0.08 $ P, less than. 0.12 $ S, 1.0 - 2.0 $ Ui, 10 - 25 $ Cr and 0.5 - 1.5 $ Mo, the remainder being mainly Fe, while the core is 3.0 - 3.8 $ C, 2.3 - 3.0 $ Si, 0.3 - 1.0 $ Ma, less than 0.1 $ P, less than 0.02 $ S and. 0.02 - 0.1 $ Mg with if. the remainder mainly comprises Fe. 2 2 .. High chromium processing roller comprising a cast iron intermediate layer comprising 1.0 - 2.5 $ C, 0.5 - 1.5 $ Si, 0.5 - 1.5 $ Mi, less by weight than. 1.5 $ Wi, - 5 - 10 $. Cr * and less than 1.0 $ Mo, the remainder mainly being Fe, which in a metallurgical sense is integral with the outer layer. of a cast iron comprising 2.0 - 3.2 $ C, 0.5 - 1.5 $ Si, 0.5 - 1.5 $ Mh, less than 0.08 $ P, less than 0.06 $ S, 1.0 - 2.0 $ Ui, 10 - 25 $ Cr, 0.5 - 1.5 $ Mo, less than 1.0 $ Hb and less than 1.0 $ V, with the remainder essentially. Fe, while the core 3.0 - 3.8 $ C, 2.3 - 3.0 $ Si, 0.3 - 1.0 $ Mn, less than. 0.1 $ P, less than 0.02 $ S, less than. 2.0 $ Onion, less than 1.5 $ Cr, less than 20. 1.0% Mo and 0.02-0.1 $ Mg with the remainder mainly comprising Fe 3, roller according to claim 2, characterized in that the hardness of the outer layer is T0 - 80 HS. . Roller according to claim 2, characterized in that the intermediate layer contains 0.01 - 0.1% Ti. Roller according to claim 2, characterized in that the intermediate. layer contains 0.01 - 0.1 $ Al. Roller according to claim. 2, characterized in that the intermediate layer contains 0.01 - 0.1 Zr. p T- Method for manufacturing a high-chrome processing roll 30. by pouring molten metals into a rotary mold of a centrifugal casting machine, characterized by a stage in which the outer layer is formed by pouring into the mold a molten metal 8102040 1-5, which is based on weight 2.0 - 3 , 2 # C, 0.5 - 1.5 # Si, 0.5 - 1.5 # Mi, less than 0.08 # P, less than 0.06% S, 1.0 - 2.0% Ni 10-25% Cr, 0.5-1.5 # Mo, less than 1.0 # Nb and less than 1.0 # V with the balance Fe; by a second stage, in which, before the inner surface of the wood layer is coagulated, the intermediate layer is formed by pouring in a molten metal containing 1.0 - 2.5 # C, 0.5 - 1.5 # Si, 0.5 1.5 # Ma, less than 1.5 # Ni, less than 1.0 # Cr and less than 1.0 # Mo, the balance of which includes Fe; and through a step in which, after the wood layer and the intermediate layer have completely solidified, a molten metal comprising 3.0 - 3.8 # C, 2.3 - 3.0 # Si, 0.3 - 1.0 # Mi, less than 1.0 # P, less than 0.02 # S, less than 2.0 # Ni, less than 1.5 # Cr, less than 1.0 # Mo and 0.02 - 0.1 # Mg, with Fe remaining in the mold being poured to form the core. 8. Method according to claim 7, characterized in that the step for forming the intermediate layer is carried out with a molten metal containing 0.01 - 0.1 # Ti. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that the step of forming the intermediate layer is carried out with a molten metal containing 0.01 - 0.1 # Al. A method according to claim 7, characterized in that the step for forming the intermediate layer is carried out with a molten metal containing 0.01 - 0.1 # Zn. 8102040