NL160349C - Werkwijze voor het vervaardigen van kunstleer. - Google Patents

Werkwijze voor het vervaardigen van kunstleer.

Info

Publication number
NL160349C
NL160349C NL7203271.A NL7203271A NL160349C NL 160349 C NL160349 C NL 160349C NL 7203271 A NL7203271 A NL 7203271A NL 160349 C NL160349 C NL 160349C
Authority
NL
Netherlands
Prior art keywords
artificial leather
manufacturing artificial
manufacturing
leather
artificial
Prior art date
Application number
NL7203271.A
Other languages
English (en)
Dutch (nl)
Other versions
NL7203271A (es
NL160349B (nl
Original Assignee
Vyzk Ustav Kozedelny
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Vyzk Ustav Kozedelny filed Critical Vyzk Ustav Kozedelny
Publication of NL7203271A publication Critical patent/NL7203271A/xx
Publication of NL160349B publication Critical patent/NL160349B/xx
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of NL160349C publication Critical patent/NL160349C/xx

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/12—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • D06N3/0002—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the substrate
    • D06N3/0015—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the substrate using fibres of specified chemical or physical nature, e.g. natural silk
    • D06N3/0018—Collagen fibres or collagen on fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/18—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/32—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyolefins
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/36—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyesters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • D06N3/0056—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the compounding ingredients of the macro-molecular coating
    • D06N3/0061—Organic fillers or organic fibrous fillers, e.g. ground leather waste, wood bark, cork powder, vegetable flour; Other organic compounding ingredients; Post-treatment with organic compounds
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • D06N3/0056—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the compounding ingredients of the macro-molecular coating
    • D06N3/0065—Organic pigments, e.g. dyes, brighteners
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • D06N3/04—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D06N3/10—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds with styrene-butadiene copolymerisation products or other synthetic rubbers or elastomers except polyurethanes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B38/00—Ancillary operations in connection with laminating processes
    • B32B2038/0052—Other operations not otherwise provided for
    • B32B2038/0076—Curing, vulcanising, cross-linking
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
    • B32B2262/0253—Polyolefin fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
    • B32B2262/0276—Polyester fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2323/00—Polyalkenes
    • B32B2323/10—Polypropylene
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2367/00—Polyesters, e.g. PET, i.e. polyethylene terephthalate
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10S428/904—Artificial leather
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/23907—Pile or nap type surface or component
    • Y10T428/2395—Nap type surface
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24355—Continuous and nonuniform or irregular surface on layer or component [e.g., roofing, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24438—Artificial wood or leather grain surface

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Synthetic Leather, Interior Materials Or Flexible Sheet Materials (AREA)
  • Coloring (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
  • Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
NL7203271.A 1971-04-30 1972-03-13 Werkwijze voor het vervaardigen van kunstleer. NL160349C (nl)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CS3150A CS150413B1 (es) 1971-04-30 1971-04-30

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
NL7203271A NL7203271A (es) 1972-11-01
NL160349B NL160349B (nl) 1979-05-15
NL160349C true NL160349C (nl) 1979-10-15

Family

ID=5370738

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
NL7203271.A NL160349C (nl) 1971-04-30 1972-03-13 Werkwijze voor het vervaardigen van kunstleer.

Country Status (13)

Country Link
US (1) US3979532A (es)
BE (1) BE779922A (es)
CH (1) CH537486A (es)
CS (1) CS150413B1 (es)
ES (1) ES401375A1 (es)
FR (1) FR2136039A5 (es)
GB (1) GB1326863A (es)
IE (1) IE36080B1 (es)
IL (1) IL38989A (es)
IT (1) IT952918B (es)
NL (1) NL160349C (es)
SE (1) SE392303B (es)
TR (1) TR17169A (es)

Families Citing this family (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CS184491B1 (en) * 1975-08-29 1978-08-31 Eduard Mueck Ambroz,ludvik,cs
JPS56377A (en) * 1979-06-15 1981-01-06 Teijin Ltd Production of suede like raised fabric
JPS61284252A (ja) * 1985-06-12 1986-12-15 三協化学工業株式会社 透気性接着テ−プの製造法
JPH0699671B2 (ja) * 1989-05-10 1994-12-07 三協化学工業株式会社 透気性接着テープの製造法
US5981011A (en) * 1992-01-22 1999-11-09 A*Ware Technologies, L.C. Coated sheet material
US6054176A (en) * 1997-07-22 2000-04-25 Chifa Leather Corp. Process for making PU air permeable nubuck sheets
US6605332B2 (en) * 1997-07-29 2003-08-12 3M Innovative Properties Company Unitary polymer substrate having napped surface of frayed end microfibers
US6753369B2 (en) 2001-10-16 2004-06-22 Buckman Laboratories International, Inc. Leather waterproofing formulation and leather goods waterproofed therewith
KR100534525B1 (ko) * 2002-02-01 2005-12-07 주식회사 코오롱 저신장성 및 유연성이 우수한 인공피혁용 복합시트
EP3064642B1 (en) * 2013-11-01 2020-09-02 Kuraray Co., Ltd. Nubuck-leather-like sheet and manufacturing process therefor
USD794224S1 (en) * 2015-07-03 2017-08-08 Arktura Llc Architectural panel
EP3337923B2 (en) 2015-09-21 2023-01-04 Modern Meadow, Inc. Fiber reinforced tissue composites
US10301440B2 (en) 2016-02-15 2019-05-28 Modern Meadow, Inc. Biofabricated material containing collagen fibrils
AU2018253595A1 (en) 2017-11-13 2019-05-30 Modern Meadow, Inc. Biofabricated leather articles having zonal properties
CA3121853A1 (en) 2019-01-17 2020-07-23 Modern Meadow, Inc. Layered collagen materials and methods of making the same
USD905973S1 (en) * 2019-05-20 2020-12-29 Schattdecor Ag Sheet material
KR20220123658A (ko) * 2019-12-09 2022-09-08 모던 메도우 아이엔씨. 용융-블렌딩된 콜라겐 및 열가소성 중합체를 포함하는 피혁-유사 재료

Family Cites Families (32)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA703156A (en) * 1965-02-02 A. W. Longden Robert Flexible sheet material
US1463542A (en) * 1923-07-31 Method and apfakal tts for finishing leather
CA668788A (en) * 1963-08-20 Sinn Gustav Process for the production of sheet materials
US1949384A (en) * 1933-07-28 1934-02-27 Weyner Meyer Method of making suede leather having a high polish, and suede leather of this type
US2273040A (en) * 1940-09-26 1942-02-17 Du Pont Chemical process and product
US2452536A (en) * 1944-07-25 1948-11-02 Du Pont Process for impregnating leather with sulfonated polymeric compositions
GB716178A (en) * 1948-10-01 1954-09-29 Freudenberg Carl Kg Improved process for the manufacture of porous flexible sheet material composed of adhesively-bonded fibres
US2697048A (en) * 1952-06-11 1954-12-14 Kendall & Co Flexible leatherlike sheet material
DE1062206B (de) * 1952-09-03 1959-07-30 Freudenberg Carl Kg Verfahren zur Herstellung ungewebter, poroeser Flaechengebilde von textilstoffartigem Charakter
US2840442A (en) * 1954-03-01 1958-06-24 Goodrich Co B F Treatment of cellulosic yarns by rubbery materials, and textiles thereof
US2795524A (en) * 1954-11-02 1957-06-11 Du Pont Process of preparing a compacted nonwoven fibrous web embedded in a copolymer of butadiene and acrylonitrile and product
US2817574A (en) * 1955-08-09 1957-12-24 American Felt Co Impregnated wool felt and method of making same
US2973284A (en) * 1957-04-30 1961-02-28 Goodrich Co B F Leather-like material
NL238239A (es) * 1958-04-16
US3061883A (en) * 1959-12-07 1962-11-06 Du Pont Polymers of carboxylic modified copolymers of butadiene-1, 3 hydrocarbons and acrylic nitriles
NL260969A (es) * 1960-02-09
US3101520A (en) * 1960-04-06 1963-08-27 Johnson & Johnson Method and apparatus for making brushed nonwoven fabric
US3138431A (en) * 1960-04-21 1964-06-23 Us Rubber Co Dyeable rubber coated fabrics
GB1014302A (en) * 1960-11-18 1965-12-22 Minnesota Mining & Mfg Aqueous emulsions containing polymers
US3266931A (en) * 1961-12-09 1966-08-16 Hoechst Ag Process and composition for fixing pigments on fibrous materials
BE638244A (es) * 1962-11-26
US3284392A (en) * 1964-08-28 1966-11-08 Du Pont Adhesive solution comprising a phenol-formaldehyde resin and a polyurethane elastomer in a solvent mixture of methylene chloride and an aqueous ethyl alcohol solution
US3476580A (en) * 1966-10-24 1969-11-04 Burlington Industries Inc Process for distributing a resin in a fabric
DE1619275A1 (de) * 1966-11-25 1971-06-03 Nihon Leather Kogyo K K Kunstleder
US3784401A (en) * 1968-05-20 1974-01-08 Goodrich Co B F Process for impregnating non-wovens with butadiene carboxyl polymer latices
US3822143A (en) * 1968-05-20 1974-07-02 Goodrich Co B F Impregnating nonwovens with latexes of a butadiene polymer and a carboxyl polymer
US3578481A (en) * 1968-06-18 1971-05-11 Du Pont Suede-like sheet material of styrene/butadiene polymer containing an additive
GB1314725A (en) * 1969-04-24 1973-04-26 Freudenberg Carl Bonded non woven fabrics
DE1938038A1 (de) * 1969-07-26 1971-01-28 Bayer Ag Modifizierte hydrophobe Copolymerisate
US3702785A (en) * 1970-09-14 1972-11-14 Goodrich Co B F Low-temperature curable articles
DE2122142A1 (de) * 1971-05-05 1972-11-23 Kalle Ag, 6202 Wiesbaden-Biebrich Verfahren zum Verfestigen von nicht gewebten, textlien Faserflächengebilden
US3731411A (en) * 1971-06-11 1973-05-08 Burlington Industries Inc Process for producing durable press textiles

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL7203271A (es) 1972-11-01
IT952918B (it) 1973-07-30
CH537486A (de) 1973-05-31
DE2207534B2 (de) 1975-05-07
IL38989A0 (en) 1972-05-30
TR17169A (tr) 1974-04-25
FR2136039A5 (es) 1972-12-22
NL160349B (nl) 1979-05-15
SE392303B (sv) 1977-03-21
US3979532A (en) 1976-09-07
IE36080B1 (en) 1976-08-18
IL38989A (en) 1975-04-25
ES401375A1 (es) 1975-02-16
BE779922A (fr) 1972-06-16
IE36080L (en) 1972-10-30
GB1326863A (en) 1973-08-15
CS150413B1 (es) 1973-09-04
DE2207534A1 (es) 1972-11-09

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
NL7512917A (nl) Werkwijze voor het verbinden van foelies.
NL7415645A (nl) Werkwijze voor het bereiden van kooks.
NL160349C (nl) Werkwijze voor het vervaardigen van kunstleer.
NL148261B (nl) Werkwijze voor het vervaardigen van met metaal gewapende rubbervoorwerpen.
NL7416142A (nl) Werkwijze voor het bereiden van kooks.
NL147121B (nl) Werkwijze voor het hydrateren van alkenen.
NL142152B (nl) Werkwijze voor het bereiden van adiponitrile.
NL7409978A (nl) Werkwijze voor het vervaardigen van mikrobolletjes.
NL170106C (nl) Werkwijze voor het vervaardigen van woonruimte omvattende bouwelementen, alsmede fabriek voor het uitvoeren van deze werkwijze.
BE770972A (nl) Werkwijze voor het vervaardigen van 3-anilino-pyrazolin-5- onen
NL152742B (nl) Werkwijze voor het behandelen van van de bodem afgescheiden grondmonsters.
BE779699R (nl) Werkwijze voor het activeren van
NL148027B (nl) Werkwijze voor het disproportioneren van alkenisch onverzadigde verbindingen.
NL7500699A (nl) Werkwijze voor het bereiden van anthelmintica.
NL7506673A (nl) Werkwijze voor het vervaardigen van vormstukken.
NL7505800A (nl) Werkwijze voor het bereiden van cefalosporinen.
NL167720C (nl) Werkwijze voor het vervaardigen van vormcokesbriketten.
NL7411293A (nl) Werkwijze voor het vervaardigen van van klau- wen voorziene koppelingen.
NL7504905A (nl) Werkwijze voor het bereiden van cefalosporinen.
NL170628C (nl) Werkwijze voor het bereiden van penicillamine of homologen daarvan.
NL170504B (nl) Werkwijze voor het vervaardigen van gietvormen of gietkernen.
NL7408903A (nl) Werkwijze voor het bereiden van metacroleine.
NL7410374A (nl) Werkwijze voor het bereiden van cefalosporinen.
NL177685C (nl) Werkwijze voor het bereiden van azinen.
NL7311226A (nl) Halfgeleiderinrichting en werkwijze voor het ver- vaardigen van de halfgeleiderinrichting.

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
VJC Lapsed due to non-payment of the due maintenance fee for the patent or patent application
NL80 Information provided on patent owner name for an already discontinued patent

Owner name: STATNI VYZKUM