NL151972B - Werkwijze voor het verwijderen van methaan uit een etheen bevattende koolwaterstofstroom. - Google Patents

Werkwijze voor het verwijderen van methaan uit een etheen bevattende koolwaterstofstroom.

Info

Publication number
NL151972B
NL151972B NL707016247A NL7016247A NL151972B NL 151972 B NL151972 B NL 151972B NL 707016247 A NL707016247 A NL 707016247A NL 7016247 A NL7016247 A NL 7016247A NL 151972 B NL151972 B NL 151972B
Authority
NL
Netherlands
Prior art keywords
hydrocarbon stream
containing hydrocarbon
removing methane
ethene containing
ethene
Prior art date
Application number
NL707016247A
Other languages
English (en)
Dutch (nl)
Other versions
NL7016247A (de
Original Assignee
Fluor Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Fluor Corp filed Critical Fluor Corp
Publication of NL7016247A publication Critical patent/NL7016247A/xx
Publication of NL151972B publication Critical patent/NL151972B/xx

Links

Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07CACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C7/00Purification; Separation; Use of additives
    • C07C7/09Purification; Separation; Use of additives by fractional condensation
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25JLIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/0204Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream characterised by the feed stream
    • F25J3/0219Refinery gas, cracking gas, coke oven gas, gaseous mixtures containing aliphatic unsaturated CnHm or gaseous mixtures of undefined nature
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25JLIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/0228Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream characterised by the separated product stream
    • F25J3/0233Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream characterised by the separated product stream separation of CnHm with 1 carbon atom or more
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25JLIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/0228Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream characterised by the separated product stream
    • F25J3/0238Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream characterised by the separated product stream separation of CnHm with 2 carbon atoms or more
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25JLIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/0228Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream characterised by the separated product stream
    • F25J3/0252Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream characterised by the separated product stream separation of hydrogen
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25JLIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2200/00Processes or apparatus using separation by rectification
    • F25J2200/04Processes or apparatus using separation by rectification in a dual pressure main column system
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25JLIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2200/00Processes or apparatus using separation by rectification
    • F25J2200/70Refluxing the column with a condensed part of the feed stream, i.e. fractionator top is stripped or self-rectified
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25JLIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2200/00Processes or apparatus using separation by rectification
    • F25J2200/76Refluxing the column with condensed overhead gas being cycled in a quasi-closed loop refrigeration cycle
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25JLIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2210/00Processes characterised by the type or other details of the feed stream
    • F25J2210/06Splitting of the feed stream, e.g. for treating or cooling in different ways
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25JLIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2210/00Processes characterised by the type or other details of the feed stream
    • F25J2210/12Refinery or petrochemical off-gas
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25JLIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2270/00Refrigeration techniques used
    • F25J2270/02Internal refrigeration with liquid vaporising loop
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25JLIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2270/00Refrigeration techniques used
    • F25J2270/04Internal refrigeration with work-producing gas expansion loop
    • F25J2270/06Internal refrigeration with work-producing gas expansion loop with multiple gas expansion loops
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25JLIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2270/00Refrigeration techniques used
    • F25J2270/90External refrigeration, e.g. conventional closed-loop mechanical refrigeration unit using Freon or NH3, unspecified external refrigeration
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25JLIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2290/00Other details not covered by groups F25J2200/00 - F25J2280/00
    • F25J2290/40Vertical layout or arrangement of cold equipments within in the cold box, e.g. columns, condensers, heat exchangers etc.
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P30/00Technologies relating to oil refining and petrochemical industry
    • Y02P30/40Ethylene production

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
NL707016247A 1969-11-07 1970-11-05 Werkwijze voor het verwijderen van methaan uit een etheen bevattende koolwaterstofstroom. NL151972B (nl)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US87484269A 1969-11-07 1969-11-07

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
NL7016247A NL7016247A (de) 1971-05-11
NL151972B true NL151972B (nl) 1977-01-17

Family

ID=25364683

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
NL707016247A NL151972B (nl) 1969-11-07 1970-11-05 Werkwijze voor het verwijderen van methaan uit een etheen bevattende koolwaterstofstroom.

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US3675435A (de)
JP (1) JPS5146074B1 (de)
BE (1) BE758567A (de)
DE (1) DE2053244B2 (de)
ES (1) ES385316A1 (de)
FR (1) FR2069123A5 (de)
GB (1) GB1291745A (de)
NL (1) NL151972B (de)

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US3827245A (en) * 1971-09-22 1974-08-06 Stone & Webster Eng Corp Recovery and purification of ethylene from direct hydration ethanol vent gas streams
GB1499798A (en) * 1974-03-04 1978-02-01 Petrocarbon Dev Ltd Providing methane and ethylene
US4002042A (en) * 1974-11-27 1977-01-11 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Recovery of C2 + hydrocarbons by plural stage rectification and first stage dephlegmation
JPS5347581U (de) * 1976-09-28 1978-04-22
US4167402A (en) * 1977-09-16 1979-09-11 Union Carbide Corporation Ethylene separation process
US4270940A (en) * 1979-11-09 1981-06-02 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Recovery of C2 hydrocarbons from demethanizer overhead
US4496380A (en) * 1981-11-24 1985-01-29 Shell Oil Company Cryogenic gas plant
US4410342A (en) * 1982-05-24 1983-10-18 United States Riley Corporation Method and apparatus for separating a liquid product from a hydrocarbon-containing gas
US4496381A (en) * 1983-02-01 1985-01-29 Stone & Webster Engineering Corp. Apparatus and method for recovering light hydrocarbons from hydrogen containing gases
JPS59121115U (ja) * 1983-02-04 1984-08-15 日立電線株式会社 フラツトケ−ブル
USRE33408E (en) * 1983-09-29 1990-10-30 Exxon Production Research Company Process for LPG recovery
US4507133A (en) * 1983-09-29 1985-03-26 Exxon Production Research Co. Process for LPG recovery
US4617039A (en) * 1984-11-19 1986-10-14 Pro-Quip Corporation Separating hydrocarbon gases
DE3531307A1 (de) * 1985-09-02 1987-03-05 Linde Ag Verfahren zur abtrennung von c(pfeil abwaerts)2(pfeil abwaerts)(pfeil abwaerts)+(pfeil abwaerts)-kohlenwasserstoffen aus erdgas
US4695303A (en) * 1986-07-08 1987-09-22 Mcdermott International, Inc. Method for recovery of natural gas liquids
US4711651A (en) * 1986-12-19 1987-12-08 The M. W. Kellogg Company Process for separation of hydrocarbon gases
US4710214A (en) * 1986-12-19 1987-12-01 The M. W. Kellogg Company Process for separation of hydrocarbon gases
US4720293A (en) * 1987-04-28 1988-01-19 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Process for the recovery and purification of ethylene
US5035732A (en) * 1990-01-04 1991-07-30 Stone & Webster Engineering Corporation Cryogenic separation of gaseous mixtures
US5090977A (en) * 1990-11-13 1992-02-25 Exxon Chemical Patents Inc. Sequence for separating propylene from cracked gases
US5157925A (en) * 1991-09-06 1992-10-27 Exxon Production Research Company Light end enhanced refrigeration loop
US5379597A (en) * 1994-02-04 1995-01-10 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Mixed refrigerant cycle for ethylene recovery
US5377490A (en) * 1994-02-04 1995-01-03 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Open loop mixed refrigerant cycle for ethylene recovery
US5361589A (en) * 1994-02-04 1994-11-08 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Precooling for ethylene recovery in dual demethanizer fractionation systems
US5442924A (en) * 1994-02-16 1995-08-22 The Dow Chemical Company Liquid removal from natural gas
US5421167A (en) * 1994-04-01 1995-06-06 The M. W. Kellogg Company Enhanced olefin recovery method
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US6712880B2 (en) 2001-03-01 2004-03-30 Abb Lummus Global, Inc. Cryogenic process utilizing high pressure absorber column
US6931889B1 (en) * 2002-04-19 2005-08-23 Abb Lummus Global, Randall Gas Technologies Cryogenic process for increased recovery of hydrogen
US20050154245A1 (en) * 2003-12-18 2005-07-14 Rian Reyneke Hydrogen recovery in a distributed distillation system
US9080810B2 (en) * 2005-06-20 2015-07-14 Ortloff Engineers, Ltd. Hydrocarbon gas processing
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FR2944523B1 (fr) * 2009-04-21 2011-08-26 Technip France Procede de production d'un courant riche en methane et d'une coupe riche en hydrocarbures en c2+ a partir d'un courant de gaz naturel de charge, et installation associee
US20100287982A1 (en) 2009-05-15 2010-11-18 Ortloff Engineers, Ltd. Liquefied Natural Gas and Hydrocarbon Gas Processing
US9021832B2 (en) * 2010-01-14 2015-05-05 Ortloff Engineers, Ltd. Hydrocarbon gas processing
MY160789A (en) 2010-06-03 2017-03-15 Ortloff Engineers Ltd Hydrocarbon gas processing
US20130118202A1 (en) * 2011-11-14 2013-05-16 Michael D. Newman Co2 freezing apparatus
CN103159582B (zh) * 2013-03-21 2015-06-17 杭州杭氧股份有限公司 一种用于丙烷或混合烷烃催化脱氢制丙烯中的低温分离系统及方法
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US10551119B2 (en) 2016-08-26 2020-02-04 Ortloff Engineers, Ltd. Hydrocarbon gas processing
US10533794B2 (en) 2016-08-26 2020-01-14 Ortloff Engineers, Ltd. Hydrocarbon gas processing
US10551118B2 (en) 2016-08-26 2020-02-04 Ortloff Engineers, Ltd. Hydrocarbon gas processing
US11543180B2 (en) 2017-06-01 2023-01-03 Uop Llc Hydrocarbon gas processing
US11428465B2 (en) 2017-06-01 2022-08-30 Uop Llc Hydrocarbon gas processing
KR102423688B1 (ko) * 2018-09-04 2022-07-21 주식회사 엘지화학 에틸렌 제조방법 및 에틸렌 제조장치
CN110173960A (zh) * 2019-06-28 2019-08-27 正和集团股份有限公司 一种富氢气体的回收利用装置及工艺
CN115999328A (zh) * 2021-10-22 2023-04-25 中国石油化工股份有限公司 膜分离结合精馏制备乙烯的方法和系统

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US2817961A (en) * 1954-08-09 1957-12-31 Ethyl Corp Ethylene recovery
US2880592A (en) * 1955-11-10 1959-04-07 Phillips Petroleum Co Demethanization of cracked gases
DE1135935B (de) * 1961-10-26 1962-09-06 Linde Eismasch Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Gewinnung von Sauerstoff geringer Reinheit durch Tieftemperatur-Luftzerlegung
GB943669A (en) * 1961-11-03 1963-12-04 Petrocarbon Dev Ltd Separation of oxygen from air
US3186182A (en) * 1963-05-27 1965-06-01 Phillips Petroleum Co Low-temperature, low-pressure separation of gases
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US3503220A (en) * 1967-07-27 1970-03-31 Chicago Bridge & Iron Co Expander cycle for natural gas liquefication with split feed stream

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL7016247A (de) 1971-05-11
FR2069123A5 (de) 1971-09-03
BE758567A (fr) 1971-05-06
DE2053244A1 (de) 1971-05-19
US3675435A (en) 1972-07-11
GB1291745A (en) 1972-10-04
JPS5146074B1 (de) 1976-12-07
DE2053244B2 (de) 1975-08-07
ES385316A1 (es) 1974-07-16

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Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
V1 Lapsed because of non-payment of the annual fee
NL80 Abbreviated name of patent owner mentioned of already nullified patent

Owner name: FLUOR