NL1025525C2 - Device for the production of green bricks for the brick industry. - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention proves a device (1) for manufacturing green bricks from clay for the brick manufacturing industry, comprising: a circulating conveyor (3) carrying mould containers for the purpose of transporting the mould containers; clay arranging means (5,6) for arranging clay in mould containers; means (11) for covering the open side of the mould containers with drying plates (12), wherein the mould containers are arranged displaceably relative to the conveyor so as to displace the mould containers downward at the release stage in which the open side of the mould containers is oriented substantially downward, and to thereby release the green bricks present in the mould containers onto the associated drying plate. <IMAGE>

Description

DEVICE FOR MANUFACTURING FORMATIONS FOR THE

STONE INDUSTRY

The present invention relates to a device for manufacturing clay bricks for the brick industry, comprising a circular conveyor carrying a mold container for transporting the mold containers, clay applying means for applying clay to mold containers, and means for covering drying sheets with drying plates the open side of the mold containers.

Such a device is known, for example, from the European patent application EP 0 917 938 of the applicant. In the known device the mold containers are united into mold container parts, wherein each mold container part comprises at least two parts that can be detachably connected to each other, wherein the first, stationary part comprises the walls of the mold containers and the second movable part comprises the movable bottoms of the mold containers includes. The known device is entirely made of steel and is suitable for manufacturing large numbers of green bricks, wherein each green broth is ejected from the relevant trough by the movable bottom.

Although the known device is per se suitable for manufacturing green bricks of different sizes, for instance by replacing the stationary part and in some cases against the movable part of the mold container part by another stationary mold container part or movable part, the changeover still requires rather a lot of work. Moreover, the construction of the known device is quite complicated and expensive. The known device is hereby less suitable 1025525

2 I

for the manufacture of relatively small series of greenhouses I

of different sizes. I

Devices are also known in which the mold containers I

have no movable bottom and the green bricks under the influence of I

5 of the gravity must be released from the mold containers. I

Often the release of the greenlings is insufficient, I

for example in the case of fatty clays and in I

pressed stones. I

It is an object of the present invention the I

10 to obviate the above-mentioned drawbacks and to install a device

provide in which in an efficient and simple manner I

relatively small series of green bricks can be manufactured. I

According to a first aspect of the invention, an I

device provided for manufacturing green bricks I

15 from clay for the brick industry, comprising: I

- a circular conveyor carrying a mold container I

for transporting the mold containers; I

- clay applicators for applying clay I

in mold containers; I

- means for covering the I with drying plates

open side of the mold containers; I

- holders attached to the transporter to which the I

mold containers are fitted; I

the mold containers being displaceable relative to the I

Conveyor are arranged to be in the demoulding phase in which the I

open side of the mold containers are substantially downwards I

to move the mold containers downwards and in which the I

holders are arranged for abruptly stopping the I

downward displacement for thereby releasing the in the I

30 mold containers present up to the corresponding I

drying plate. Instead of the first part of the mold container parts I

to keep stationary and the greenhouses with the help of an I

movable bottom, according to the invention the I

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3 mold containers coupled movably to the conveyor or at least the holders arranged on the conveyor such that these mold containers can move downward during demoulding. By subsequently causing the mold containers moving downwards to stop or at least reducing them in speed, the green bricks will be forced out of the mold containers with more certainty.

In a particular preferred embodiment of the invention, the holders are designed to guide the mold containers therein to allow the holders to fall during the demoulding phase and wherein the holders comprise at least one stop for abruptly inhibiting the falling movement of the holders for ejection therewith. from the green bricks present in the mold containers to the corresponding drying plate. In the demoulding phase, the mold containers fall downwards under the influence of gravity until the mold containers are retained by the stop of the holder. Depending on the design of the stop, this ensures that the downward movement of the mold container is greatly slowed down or even stopped abruptly. Due to the slowness of the green leaves in the mold containers, they are released from the mold containers with great certainty.

According to another preferred embodiment of the invention, the holders comprise ejectors movable with respect to the conveyor, to which ejectors the mold containers are connectable, the ejectors being adapted to move the mold containers coupled thereto during the deformation phase and to eject the mold containers coupled thereto in the green bricks present on the associated drying plate.

Instead of keeping the first part of the mold container parts stationary and releasing the green bricks with the aid of a movable bottom, according to these 1025525

embodiment the mold containers directly attached to the I

emitters. The emission movement of the ejector takes care of I

such on the clay in the mold cavities of the mold container I

exerted expressive force, ensuring that I

5 broth is unloaded and ends up on the drying plate. I

Preferably already use is made of I

existing device for the production of green bricks. I

However, this is not necessary. There may also be a special for I

machine suitable for this purpose. In both I

In 10 cases, however, it is preferable to use molded containers made of I

relatively low weight. This means that I

only relatively light demands on the construction of the I

emission mechanism. According to an in the I

The mold containers I are particularly advantageous

Made of plastic, such as preferably polyethylene. An I

an example of a particularly suitable plastic is an I

plastic known under the trade name "Hakorit". I

According to a further preferred embodiment, the ejectors are adapted for turning during the demoulding phase

20 ejecting the connected I inwards and inwards

H

mold containers. It is preferable to push outwards I

of the mold container when the open (covered by the cover plate) I

side of the mold container is directed sideways or downwards I

in order to help the greenhouses partly under the influence of the I

25 to be able to release gravity. I

In a further preferred embodiment, the I

device a on the mold containers and / or conveyor I

gripping emissions and vibrating mechanism for causing the mold containers to vibrate sideways during the demoulding phase. Before, during and / or just after the ejection movement, the mold containers in such an embodiment are shaken back and forth with

the objective of promoting the release of the formation, I

for example when (part of) the formation unexpectedly

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5 nevertheless threatens to adhere to the walls or the bottom of the mold container. The vibrating preferably takes place substantially sideways and transversely of the conveying direction of the conveyor.

In order to simplify the change-over of the device for manufacturing series of green bricks of different sizes, the molding trays are releasably arranged on the ejectors. Therefore, when green bricks of different dimensions have to be manufactured, the different mold containers can be exchanged simply and quickly.

In a further preferred embodiment, the mold container comprises: - upright walls, which define one or more mold cavities; - a coupling element attachable to the walls, wherein the coupling element can be coupled to one or more of the ejectors.

In a further embodiment the coupling element comprises a coupling plate provided with recesses in the two longitudinal edges. The recesses are provided for easily attaching the mold container to the coupling plate.

The coupling element itself and the ejector are thereby preferably shaped such that they provide a dovetail coupling. This makes it possible to connect a mold container to an ejector or to disconnect it from it through a single sliding movement. This further shortens the setup time of the device.

According to a preferred embodiment, a single coupling element is present on the entire row of ejectors. In this embodiment it is therefore sufficient to attach a single, continuous plate transversely to the conveying direction of the conveyor, whereafter the mold container (s) can be coupled to the plate. In another embodiment, on the other hand, per ejector is a 1025525

I I

I separate coupling element and a separate mold container I

I confirmed. The mold containers are hereby individually attached to the I

I ejectors confirmed. I

In a further preferred embodiment, an I

Mold container also to be arranged in the mold cavities

I bottoms, wherein between the coupling element and the bottoms I

I spacers are provided. The spacers provide I

I a correct distance between the relevant ejector and bottom I

I from the mold container. Depending on the distance I

Distance provided between the ejector and the bottom, the I

I depth of the cavity in the mold container and therefore the size of I

I adjusted the formation. I

According to a further preferred embodiment, the I

I depositing means adapted to be substantially synchronous with I

I 15 the emission movement of vortnbaJcken moving the I

I concerning drying plates. The drying plates must be during the I

I move the emission movement along with the mold containers to fall after I

I prevent. I

According to another aspect of the invention, an I

I device provided for the production of green bricks I

I

From clay, comprising: I

I - a conveyor carrying a mold container; I

I - a clay applied above the conveyor I

I reservoir; I

Means for withdrawing from the reservoir into the I

I bringing clay mold containers; I

Means for pressing and ironing clay

I in the mold containers; I

Means for discharging from the mold containers I

I 30 landings and means for landing released and I

I placing drying plates for the green bricks; I

I - movable I arranged on the conveyor

I emitters, I

I 10255 2. "· _ I

7, wherein in a first application an ejector plate can be arranged on the ejector row, to which ejector plate a mold container provided with one or more mold cavities can be coupled such that the mold container moves along with the ejectors and wherein in another application separate bottoms can be attached to the ejectors and a mold container provided with one or more mold cavities is designed such that the bottoms are movable in the mold cavities.

According to this aspect of the invention, a device is provided which is both suitable for manufacturing large series of green bricks with the aid of movable bottoms provided for mold containers provided with movable bottoms, and is also suitable for manufacturing relatively small series of green bricks 15 when using mold containers moving with the ejectors. It is noted that a single conveyor can be provided with both the above-mentioned stationary and the moving mold containers at the same time. In practice, however, it will usually be chosen to use either the moving 20 or the stationary mold containers.

The invention also relates to the use of the device described above.

Further details, features and details of the present invention are clarified on the basis of the description of some preferred embodiments thereof. Reference is made in the description to the accompanying drawings, in which: figure 1 shows a schematic, partly cut-away perspective view of a first preferred embodiment of the invention; figure 2 shows the preferred embodiment of the mold container element in more detail; 1025525

figures 3 to 5 show a number of cross-sections I

wherein the demoulding of the mold containers is explained; I

figure 6 shows a cross-section of a mold container element I

in disconnected state; I

5 - figure 7 is a perspective view of an I

shows a preferred embodiment which is provided with an I

vibration mechanism; and I

- figures 8 to 10 show a number of cross-sections I

wherein demoulding the mold containers according to the second I

10 preferred embodiment of the invention is explained. I

The device 1 for manufacturing the I

brickworks for the brick industry includes a duty I

chain conveyor 3, which makes a circular movement in the I

direction of the arrow Px. Such an I

Chain conveyor is already known per se and becomes I

for example described in EP-A-0 917 938 of Applicant, I

the content of which can be inserted by reference as I

considered.

The chain of the conveyor is formed by a

Number of concatenated mold container elements 4, each of which provides I

of a number (sixteen in the embodiment of Figure 1) I

mold containers 14. Above the mold containers 4 is a reservoir 5 for I

clay placed in constant motion I

by a stirrer 6 which is driven by an I

Electric motor 7. Clay is added to the reservoir 5 I

by a circular conveyor 8. From the reservoir 5 I

the clay is put into the mold containers and then through the I

pressing device 9, which is pivotable about axis 10, is pressed.

With the help of the unsigned means the I

30 too much clay. The device 11 brings I

drying plates 12 on a mold container part such that, in the I

so-called demoulding phase after turning the mold container part, the I

102552.I.

9 bricks 13 come to lie on the plates after they have been released from the troughs 14.

Figure 2 shows a two-part embodiment of the mold container element 4 according to the invention. The first part 4A 5 comprises a number of loose mold trays 14, while the second part 4B is formed by a chain part 15 of the chain conveyor 13. The chain part 15 is herein provided with an ejection mechanism, as will be explained below.

The chain part 15 of chain conveyor 3 comprises lugs 18 and 19 which serve as links of the conveyor. Various ejectors 24 are arranged in a row on the chain part 15. A movable ejector plate 23, which is attached to the ejectors 24, is driven by the ejectors 24. These are biased by springs 25 which center the ejectors in such a way that no separate guidance in the chain part 15 is necessary. By displacing an element 20, the ejectors 24 are operated during the release of the green bricks.

The element 20 is in turn moved by a non-shown, self-contained driving device.

The part 15 with ejection plate 23 is attached to the chain part by means of bolts and can be removed quickly and replaced by a complete steel mold container with movable ejection bottoms.

The ejectors 24 ensure that the movable ejector plate 23 is moved up and down (arrow P2). In the device known from EP-A-0 917 938, the respective ejection bottoms press the clay from the respective mold cavities of the mold trays in one ejection movement, the mold trays themselves remaining stationary relative to the chain conveyor. According to the preferred embodiment of the invention shown in Figure 2, 1025525

I

I 10

I, however, loose mold containers 14, or a one-piece molded and I

I mold container provided with a number of mold cavities, coupled I

I on a single movable ejector plate 23. Through the fixed I

confirmation, the mold trays 14 will move with the I

5 displacement of the movable ejector plate 23. The I

I forming trays 14 are thus no longer stationary with respect to I

of the chain conveyor, but can be displaced by I

The movable ejection plate can be moved. I

I The displacement of the mold containers is in more detail I

10 shown in figures 3 to 5. These figures show I

I cross-sections; with each time on the left side of the I

I drawing (left in relation to the dotted line) an I

I embodiment is shown which is suitable for the manufacture of I

I a relatively large formation v ', while on the right I

15 of the drawing each shows an embodiment that I

I is suitable for manufacturing a relatively small I

vormeling v. The effect of both versions is for the I

I remain completely identical. I

Figure 3 shows a mold container 14 consisting of I

20 upright walls 16 and a mounting part 17. An I

I spacer 41 or 41 'provided with an I

I bottom 42 or 42 'is attached. The spacer 41 in the I

The right-hand part of Figure 3 is larger than the spacer part 41 '

I which is shown in the left-hand part of the figure. This I

I means that the I shown in the right-hand part of Figure 3

design the bottom 42 in such a way relative to the upstanding I

I walls 16 is positioned to have relatively shallow cavity I

I is created for the manufacture of stones, while in the I

I the embodiment shown in the left-hand part of the figure

Bottom 42 'is positioned such that a relatively large I

A cavity is created with which therefore relatively large stones can be used

I manufacture. I

I 1025525 "11

Figure 3 shows the situation in which the movable ejector plate is in its starting position, the open side of the mold container 14 being shielded by means of one of the aforementioned drying plates 12. The drying plate 12 ensures that the clay in the cavity of the mold container 14 is retained.

Figure 4 shows the end state in which the movable ejector plate has been moved downwards in the direction of arrow P3. During this displacement a dynamic force is exerted on the green bricks and the mold container 14. This dynamic force ensures that the green broth is better discharged from the mold container 14 than would be the case if the green broth had to be released only under the influence of gravity. The situation in which the broth v, v 'is discharged is shown in figure 5. The discharged broth rests on the drying plate and can then be discharged, for example to a drying plant where the broth is undergoing a drying process. After unloading the green bricks, the ejector 24 returns the movable ejection plate 20 (coupling element) 23 to the starting position shown in Figure 3.

As a result of the above-mentioned dynamic force exerted on the green bricks as a result of the displacement of the shape of the entire mold container 14, a better deformation results compared to deformation from mold containers in which the green bricks only have to leave the mold container by gravity bags. If the decontamination is not yet entirely sufficient, it may be necessary to take additional measures to promote the decontamination process.

Figures 1 and 7 show a further preferred embodiment for this purpose, in which a vibrating mechanism 32 engages the mold container element 4. In the preferred embodiment shown, the vibrating mechanism 32 comprises a frame 33

12 I

that mold container part 4 spans. Frame 33 I is on either side

provided with stop members 34 located at the location of the I

side walls of the mold container part. The distance between the I

stop members 34 is greater than the length of the I

5 mold container part. The frame 33 is I by means of drive 36

movable back and forth. Preferably, the direction of movement P4 of frame 33 is substantially transverse to the

transport direction of the conveyor, as indicated I

via arrow P4. By repeated movement of frame 33 I

10, the stop members 34 in turn strike the side walls 35 I

of the mold container part 4, which is currently being spanned I

by frame 33. As a result, the relevant I

mold container part, as it were, shaken back and forth, so that I

the green bricks in the mold cavities 14 are moved back and forth I

15 shaken. This ensures better deformation of the I

formations. I

Incidentally, it is shown in Figure 7 that the I

vibration mechanism is located at a position of the I

conveyor in which the open side of the mold containers to I

20 are directed upwards. Although shaking also in this I

implementation ensures that the greenhouses looser in the I

mold cavities are located so that later deformation becomes I

improved, in another preferred embodiment, the I

vibrating mechanism 32 arranged such that the vibrating I

Takes place during the demoulding process itself. It

vibrating mechanism 32 is thereby arranged at the position in which I

the mold containers are directed downwards. I

The vibrating mechanism 32 therefore ensures that I

before, during and / or after the in FIGS. 3 to 5 I

30 shows the displacement process of the mold containers 14 de I

forming trays 14 also an additional displacement in an I

perpendicular to it (arrow P4), so that the I

demoulding process of the bricks from the molding tray 14 further I

1025525 ' 13 is promoted. For a further description of an embodiment of the vibrating mechanism, reference is made to EP 1 000 000 B of the present applicant, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.

In a further preferred embodiment, the mold containers 14 are made of plastic, for example polyethylene (PE), such as can be supplied under the trade name "Hakorit" (supplier Kors Kunststoffen B.V.). Such plastic mold containers have a relatively low weight, so that relatively low structural requirements have to be imposed on the applied ejection mechanism.

Figure 6 shows the state in which the mold container 14 is removed from the ejector plate 23. In the embodiment shown, the connecting piece 17 of the mold container 14 is provided with recesses 30 which engage on corresponding protrusions 31 on the ejector plate 23. The shape of the ejector plate and the connecting piece hereby define a so-called dovetail connection, whereby a mold container can be coupled to the ejection mechanism simply, quickly and by means of only a single sliding movement or be disconnected from the ejection mechanism. This allows a quick and simple exchange of the mold containers 14, for example for the manufacture of different sizes of bricks.

Figures 8-10 show another preferred embodiment of the invention, in which the mold containers can move downwards under the influence of gravity. Shown is a mold container 44 consisting of upright walls 46, to which one or more spacers 41, 41 'are attached. A bottom 42 or 42 'is attached to the spacers 41, 41'. The spacer piece 41 in the right-hand portion of Figure 7 is larger than the spacer portion 41 'shown in the left-hand portion of the Figure. This means that in the right part of Figure 1025525

14 I

7 shows the bottom 42 such as to I

the upright walls 16 are positioned such that there is relatively I

shallow cavity is created for the manufacture of stones, I

while in the I shown in the left-hand part of the figure

5, the bottom 42 'is positioned such that an I

relatively large cavity is created with which therefore relatively large I

bricks can be made. I

The mold container 44 is mounted on a steel holder 43 I

attached to the carrier. The raised walls 50 I

10 of the holder 43 are provided with one or I at their ends

more excellent sharing 45. The mutual distance between the I

upright walls 50 is greater than the distance between the I

upright walls 46 of the mold container 44, so that the mold container 44 I

can be guided between the walls 50. The walls 50 are I

15 moreover in shape such that they provide at their ends I

are of an upper protruding part 51 and a lower I

excellent part 47.. I

Figure 8 shows the situation where the

mold container 44 is in its starting position, the I

The open side of the mold container 44 is shielded by means of I

one of the aforementioned drying plates 12. The drying plate 12 I

causes the clay to become in the cavity of the mold container 44 I

detained. I

Figure 9 shows the final state where the I

Mold box 44 under the influence of gravity in the direction I

has been moved down from arrow P5. A corresponding I

displacement is carried out by the drying plate 12. The I

displacement of the mold container 44 is limited in that the I

projecting part 51 of the mold container 44 lands on the I

30 protrusion 45 of the holder 43. Because the protrusion 45 I

acts as a stop, the downward movement of the I

mold container 44 abruptly stopped. Due to the slowness of the

clay in the mold container becomes such a dynamic force on the I

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15, the clay is exerted with high certainty that it is released from the mold container 14 with high certainty. The situation in which the broth v, v 'is released is shown in figure 10. The discharged broth rests on the drying plate 12 and can then be discharged, for example to a drying plant where the broth is undergoing a drying process. After unloading the green broth, a mechanism (not shown) returns the green trough 44 to the starting position shown in FIG.

In other preferred embodiments of the invention, not shown, the embodiment in which the mold containers fall down under the influence of gravity is combined with a vibrating mechanism, as described earlier in connection with Figures 1 and 7. Moreover, in yet other embodiments, not shown, the embodiments of Figures 3-6 and 8-10 are combined. In this combined embodiment, the mold containers are moved by ejectors until they land on a stop, so that a very abrupt delay of the mold containers occurs.

The requested rights are not determined by the preferred embodiments of the invention described above. Rather, the rights are determined by the following claims, within the scope of which many modifications are conceivable. For example, embodiments are conceivable in which the mold containers are arranged on a chain conveyor specially adapted for use with light and moving mold containers. Moreover, many alternative constructions that are within the reach of those skilled in the art can be used for the ejection and / or vibratory movement.

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Claims (21)

CLAIMS 1. Device for manufacturing green bricks I5 for the brick industry, comprising: I - a circular conveyor carrying a mold container for transporting the mold containers; I - clay applicators for applying clay in I mold containers; 10. means for covering the open side of the mold containers with drying plates, I - containers coupled to the conveyor to which the mold containers are arranged; Wherein the mold containers are arranged so as to be movable relative to the conveyor for displacing the mold containers downwards in the demoulding phase in which the open side of the mold containers are directed substantially downwards and in which the I containers are arranged for abruptly stopping the I downward displacement for thereby releasing the green bricks present in the mold containers to the associated drying plate. I 2. Device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the holders are designed to guide the mold containers therein to allow the holders to fall during the demoulding phase and wherein the holders comprise at least one stop for abruptly inhibiting the falling movement of the holders for thereby ejecting the green bricks present in the mold containers to the associated drying plate. 3. Device as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the I holders comprise I ejectors movable relative to the conveyor, to which ejectors the forming trays I can be coupled, wherein the ejectors are adapted for displacing the 1025525 I during the demoulding phase. coupled forming trays and ejecting the green bricks present in the fork trays to the associated drying plate. Device as claimed in any of the foregoing claims, wherein the mold containers are made of plastic. Device as claimed in claim 3 or 4, wherein the ejectors are adapted for ejecting the mold containers coupled thereto during and during the demoulding phase. Device as claimed in any of the foregoing claims, comprising a vibrating mechanism which acts on the mold containers and / or the conveyor for causing the mold containers to vibrate sideways during the demoulding phase. 7. Device as claimed in any of the foregoing claims 3-6, wherein the mold containers are arranged releasably on the ejectors. 8. Device as claimed in any of the foregoing claims, wherein a mold container comprises: - upright walls, which define one or more mold cavities; - a coupling element attachable to the walls, wherein the coupling element can be coupled to one or more of the ejectors. 9. Device as claimed in claim 8, wherein the coupling element comprises a coupling plate (23) provided with recesses in the two longitudinal edges. Device as claimed in any of the foregoing claims 3-9, wherein per ejector a separate coupling element and a separate mold container is attached. Device as claimed in any of the foregoing claims 3-9, wherein a single coupling element is attached to the entire row of ejectors. 1025525 Device as claimed in any of the foregoing claims, wherein the coupling element is bolted to the conveyor I. I Device as claimed in any of the claims 6-10, wherein an ejector and the coupling element are formed to provide a dovetail coupling between them. I 14. Device as claimed in any of the claims 8-13, wherein the mold container also comprises one or more bottoms to be arranged in the mold cavities, wherein spacers are provided between the coupling element and the bottoms. I Device as claimed in claim 14, wherein the distance between the coupling element I and the bottom provided by I the spacer holder is adjustable to the desired dimensions of the green bricks to be manufactured with the mold container. I 16. Device as claimed in any of the foregoing claims, wherein the depositing means are adapted for displacing I of the relevant drying plate or plates, synchronously with the ejection movement of mold containers. I 16 I CONCLUSIONS I 17. Device as claimed in any of the foregoing claims, wherein the conveyor is made of steel. I 18. Device as claimed in any of the foregoing claims, wherein the conveyor is a chain conveyor, wherein the chain is formed by a number of consecutive hinged elements which are pivotally connected to each other and carrying the mold trays and ejectors. I 18 I 19. Device for the production of green bricks I from clay, comprising: I - a conveyor carrying a mold container; A clay reservoir arranged above the conveyor; Means for introducing clay from the reservoir into the mold containers; 1025525 I - means for pressing and scraping clay in the mold containers; - means for discharging green bricks discharged from the mold containers and means for feeding and placing drying plates for the green bricks; - movable ejectors arranged on the conveyor, wherein in a first application an ejector plate can be arranged on the ejector row, to which ejector plate a mold container provided with one or more mold cavities can be coupled such that the mold container moves with the ejectors and wherein in another application to the ejectors separate bottoms can be provided and a mold container provided with one or more mold cavities is designed such that the bottoms are movable in the mold cavities. Device as claimed in claim 19 and at least one of the claims 1-18. 21. Use of the device according to one of the preceding claims. 1025525