NL1022586C2 - Boiler wall part with protruding element. - Google Patents

Description

BOILER WALL PART WITH VINTAGE ELEMENT

The invention relates to a boiler wall part for an incinerator. An incinerator usually consists of an oven part in which the fire is fired and a boiler part where the heat is absorbed in a coolant, such as water, to subsequently generate, for example, electricity.

Controlling and reproducing the incineration process in an incinerator, in particular a waste incinerator, in which inhomogeneous fuel, such as household waste, is incinerated is extremely difficult. Due to the construction of conventional incinerators, the cooling of the flue gasses already begins, while the burning out of the flue gasses above the waste incineration grate has hardly begun. This allows CO-containing flue gas strands to escape from the furnace, causing extremely fast corrosion and as a result of which leaks in the waste incineration boilers can occur. This results in downtime and costs.

In order to obtain a better and uniform combustion, it is known to blow in air from the side wall of the furnace 20, whereby a better mixing of the flue gases is obtained and outliers in the fire are prevented. The disadvantage of blowing in this air, however, is that the flue gases are locally cooled too much and the combustion thereof is frozen.

In order to better control the fire in an incinerator, it is desirable to be able to take more local measurements and, for example, to be able to blow in air. However, given the large dimensions of an incinerator and the very high 1022586 Η temperatures just above the seat of the fire, it is not possible to fit a permanent mounting structure. Systems are known in which a lance is introduced into the incinerator and measurements are temporarily made of whether air is blown in. However, due to the high temperatures, it is necessary for H to remove this lance again from the incinerator within a certain period of time. However, this requires very H complex constructions.

It is an object of the invention to provide a fastening structure for low H costs, which can be permanently mounted above the seat of the fire and H making it possible, for example, to permanently make measurements or to blow in air.

This object is achieved with a boiler wall part according to the invention, which boiler wall part comprises a substantially flat section and at least one elongated tubular element that extends from the substantially flat section, the tubular element being flowable with a coolant.

Because the tubular element can be flowed through with a coolant, this tube essentially assumes the temperature of the coolant and, despite the high temperatures in the incinerator, it will not become too hot.

This makes it possible, for example, to suspend sensors from this tubular element that can measure the composition of the air. This makes it possible to perform permanent measurements and thereby adjust the combustion process.

In a preferred embodiment of the boiler wall part I according to the invention, the substantially flat section comprises a number of substantially parallel tubes, each of which can be flowed through with a coolant, and it has at least one

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A tubular element extending in fluid communication with one of the tubes of the flat section.

The vertical walls of an incinerator are usually designed as a so-called membrane wall.

Such a membrane wall consists of a large number of tubes placed vertically next to each other, through which a coolant flows. This absorbs the heat from the incinerator and this heat can be used for generating energy. In such a case it is advantageous to branch off the coolant for the extending tubular element from these tubes of the membrane wall.

In a special embodiment there is at least one tubular element formed by a tube of the flat section, which is bent out of the plane of the section. In this case, this tube bent out of the plane of the section can continue to the other side of the furnace space and be received there again in the membrane wall or the tube can extend to a certain height and then be bent again and run back to the section and therein be recorded again. For example, it is possible to arrange relatively long elements in the oven space without them bending or buckling.

In another preferred embodiment of the boiler wall part according to the invention, it comprises at least three elongated tubular elements, each extending from the substantially flat section, and partitions, which extend over substantially the entire length between the tubular elements, in order to 30 to form a channel between the tubular elements.

These three tubular elements make it possible to form a channel that can be flowed through with a medium, other than the coolant, that runs through the tubes 1022586H. The coolant also ensures that the channel H is kept at a relatively low temperature.

H Preferably, at least one of the H partition walls is provided with outflow openings. It is thus possible for H 5 to pass air through the channel and blow it through the H outflow openings into the furnace space. This makes it possible for H to blow air onto the seat of the fire from above and thereby control the combustion process.

In yet another embodiment of the invention H 10, closing means are provided in the formed channel for H closing the outflow openings. This makes it possible to dose the amount of air introduced.

Furthermore, it is possible to provide sensor means on the at least one elongate extending tubular elements. With this, for example, the local temperature of the flue gases can be measured or the composition of these flue gases.

The invention further comprises an incinerator comprising a combustion space enclosed by vertical boiler walls, a flue gas outlet arranged at the top of the combustion space and at the bottom a combustion grate for combustion of fuel, wherein the vertical boiler walls comprise a large number of vertical tubes through which a coolant flows, wherein at least one wall part comprises at least one elongated tubular element extending from the substantially flat wall into the combustion space, H wherein the tubular element can be flowed through with a coolant.

In a preferred embodiment of the incinerator according to the invention, it comprises at least one wall part with three elongated tubular elements, each extending from the substantially flat wall part, dividing walls which extend over into substantially extending the entire length between the tubular elements, to form a channel between the tubular elements.

In addition, a number of such shaped channels can be present, which together form a network above the firebox in order to be able to influence the entire firebox surface.

In a preferred embodiment the incinerator according to the invention comprises at least one boiler wall part according to the invention.

These and other features are further elucidated with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Figure 1 shows a perspective view of an embodiment of a boiler wall part according to the invention.

Figure 2 shows in perspective view a bottom view of the boiler wall part according to figure 1.

Figure 3 shows a rear view of the boiler wall part in perspective view.

Figure 4 shows a top cross-sectional view of a number of boiler wall parts placed next to each other according to Figure 1.

Figure 5 shows the side view of the composition according to Figure 4.

Figure 6 shows a incinerator according to the invention in cross-sectional view.

Figures 7a-7c show different embodiments of the projecting tubular element according to the invention.

Figures 8a and 8b finally show cross-sectional view closing means for closing outflow openings in the channels.

Figure 1 shows a boiler wall part 1 according to the invention in perspective view. This 1022586 H boiler wall part 1 consists of a flat section 2 and an H-shaped elongate part 3. The flat section 2 consists of a large number of parallel tubes 4, which are connected to each other by means of connecting plates 5.

Two of the tubes 6, 7 arranged in section 2 are bent out of H this plane and thus together form an elongated H protruding part. H partition walls 8 are arranged between these two protruding pipes 6,7.

H Figure 2 shows a bottom view of the boiler wall part 1. Dividing walls 8 are thus arranged between the two protruding tubes 6,7. A channel is hereby formed. The lower partition wall 8 is provided with outflow openings 9, through which air can be blown downwards from the channel into the space.

Figure 3 shows the access 10 to the channel I defined by the tubes 6, 7 and partition walls 8. The advantage of this is that air L can easily be introduced from outside the incinerator.

Figure 4 shows a top view of a number of boiler wall parts 1 according to the invention, which are assembled into an incinerator. Figure 5 shows a side view. It can clearly be seen herein that the channels formed are tapered. This is advantageous for the uniform distribution of air over the channel.

Figure 6 shows in a cross-sectional view a combustion furnace 20 according to the invention. This incinerator 20 has vertical walls 21 with boiler wall parts 1 according to previous figures. The vertical boiler walls 21 form a combustion space 22, which is bounded on the underside by a combustion grate 23. On this combustion grate 23 there is dirt V, which is burned there. The fire can be controlled by air L, which I flows from the protruding parts of the boiler wall 1.

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Figures 7a to 7c show various embodiments of the projecting parts of the boiler walls according to the invention. Figure 7a shows a cross-sectional view of a protruding part 3 according to figure 1. This protruding part 3 is formed by two adjoining protruding tubes 6,7 and partition walls 8 placed between them in order to be able to form a channel.

A single embodiment is shown in Figure 7b. This embodiment only consists of an upper and lower tube 31,32 with partition walls 8 between them. As a result, a very narrow channel is formed through which possibly air can still be passed, but such an embodiment according to Figure 7b is particularly suitable for arranging sensors above the seat of the fire.

Figure 7c shows a larger version of the protruding part. Due to the hexagonal arrangement of the tubes 36, it is now also possible to blow out the air at an oblique angle.

Figures 8a and 8b show a cross-sectional view of the projecting part 3 according to figure 1. The cross-section is taken over the separating plates 8 and the outflow openings 9 can clearly be seen at the bottom. A valve 15 is provided in the channel formed by these partition walls 8. Provided on this valve 15 are sealing caps 16 which can close an outflow opening 9. The pitch between the different closure caps 16 differs from the pitch between the different outflow openings. This makes it possible to shift the air distribution over the different outflow openings. Figure 8b shows a second position of the valve 15.

1022586 H In addition to the described application of the invention to check the fire source with air and to measure the flue gasses by means of sensors, there are various other conceivable applications for a boiler wall part according to the invention.

H The device can thus be used to blow in a mixture H of combustible gas and air in order to be able to explosively clean the waste incineration boilers. Such a technique is already often used and even once every 10 weeks. For this reason it is attractive to be able to fit a fixed device in the oven. In addition, it is possible to install spark plugs on the projecting parts in order to ignite the mixture.

Another application is to blow in steam in order to blow off soot from pipe bundles. In addition, it is conceivable to arrange rotatable nozzles in the projecting parts, so that the steam jets can reach a larger surface.

In addition to blowing air into the seat of the fire, it is also possible to blow in ammonia or urea in order to reduce the emission of NOX. In particular in combination with measurements of the composition of the gas, a reduction obtained in harmful substances in the flue gases and a reduction in the corrosion caused by the flue gases can thus be obtained.

With a boiler wall according to the invention, it is furthermore possible to apply sludge and other pasty fuels in a downward direction to the seat of the fire. The sludge is introduced into the combustion space via the channels. 30, after which a stream of steam is still blown through the channels to clean the channels again.

Finally, a device according to the invention can also be used to inject gaseous or liquid fuel 9 in order to keep the temperature of the seat of fire above a legally determined point.

When a large number of projecting parts according to the invention are arranged in an incinerator, such that a network is created, it is possible to get a complete overview or a cross-section of the flue gases. The quantities described above can be measured, but also the speed of the flue gases. It is also possible to arrange cameras in the flue gases in order to gather visual information. Optionally, the images are first brought outside the incinerator via a fiber optic cable.

Claims (10)

2. Boiler wall part as claimed in claim 1, wherein the substantially flat section comprises a number of substantially parallel tubes, each of which can be flowed through with a coolant, H and wherein the at least one extending tubular element is in fluid communication with one of the tubes of the flat section. 3. Boiler wall part as claimed in claim 2, wherein the at least one tubular element is formed by a tube of the flat section, which is bent out of the plane of the section. The boiler wall part of claim 3, wherein the tube bent out of the plane of the section extends from the H flat section and wherein the tube comprises a portion that extends to the flat section. 5. Boiler wall part as claimed in any of the foregoing claims, comprising at least three elongated tubular H elements, each extending from the substantially flat section, and partitions extending substantially the entire length between the tubular elements, to form an I channel between the tubular elements. I i 'U' a! z 3 Q Q The boiler wall part according to claim 5, wherein at least one of the partition walls is provided with outflow openings. 7. Boiler wall part according to claim 6, wherein closing means are provided in the formed channel for closing off the outflow openings. A boiler wall part according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein sensor means are arranged on the at least one elongated extending tubular element. 9. Incinerator comprising a combustion space enclosed by vertical boiler walls, a flue gas outlet arranged at the top of the combustion space and at the bottom a combustion grate for burning fuel, wherein the vertical boiler walls comprise a large number of vertical tubes through which a coolant flows, at least one wall part comprises at least one elongated tubular element, which extends from the substantially flat wall into the combustion space, wherein the tubular element 20 can be flowed through with a coolant. 10. Incinerator according to claim 10, comprising at least one wall part with three elongated tubular elements, each extending from the substantially flat wall part, and partitions, which extend over substantially the entire length between the tubular elements, at the end between the tubular elements to form a channel. 11. Incinerator according to claim 9 or 10, wherein a number of channels formed by tubular elements extend from the boiler walls into a combustion space and form a network. 1022586 Η 12. Incinerator according to one of claims 9 to 11, comprising at least one boiler wall part according to one of claims 1-8. I 1: p '! O O p O I?