MXPA99010815A - Pelargonic acid vanillylamide containing tear gas - Google Patents

Abstract

La invención se refiere a una mezcla incapacitante que contiene PAVA y un disolvente, en donde la mezcla es capaz de inducir ceguera temporal en un humano o animal. La mezcla contiene menos de 5%de PAVA y un disolvente.

Description

NOVEDOSE MIX FIELD OF THE INVENTION This invention relates to disabling, and in particular incapacitating sprays used in coercion with the law.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Incapacitants such as CS, Oleoresin Capsicum (OC) and CN gas are widely used in coercion with a law, for military purposes and by individuals for their personal safety. The known incapacitants have disadvantages. For example, CS does not always disable the person in whom it is used. If the person has been taking medication, the CS_ can actually make it more violent. The incapacitating OC, more commonly known as atomization of pepper creates undesirable effects on eyes, lungs and skin. In particular it is known that OC is a carcinogen. Pepper extract Oleorecin Capsicum is a sticky brown substance, and when mixed with solvents it forms a brown liquid. This brown liquid can stain skin and clothes. Apart from the inherent problems of the product, the known capacitors also cause operating problems. The incapacitated person in an aggressor who has been sprayed with an incapacitated person can contaminate other people, including the officers who are controlling them. Clearly this is disadvantageous. An example of a known incapacitant is disclosed in JP 49035198 B4, wherein the mixture contains vanillyl amide, ammonia and red pepper combined nonnylic acid to provide induction of the effects of tearing and sneezing. Known incapacitants affect the respiratory system of the people in whom it has been used. If a person has a respiratory problem, the use of an incapacitant in it can pose a serious health risk. Of course, the incapacitating sprayer does not know the state of health of the person who is spraying. The result is that there is a small risk of an incapacitant that is designed to be non-lethal and potentially lethal to some people. It is clearly undesirable, from a social and financial point of view, to cause death unnecessarily. Despite the disadvantages of the many known incapacitants, a significant number of countries had to take the view that the risk of death and harm to the aggressors and those who use the disabling ones is to be taken into account, given the increased use of violence in the actual society. Therefore, it would be desirable to provide an improved incapacitant for use by police forces, peacekeeping forces, the militia and also for personal use.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The invention provides an incapious mixture containing pelargonic vanillylamide acid capable of inducing temporary blindness in a human or animal. In this application below the pelargonic acid vanillin amide will be mentioned as PAVA. Preferably, the mixture contains a solvent. Preferably the mixture is capable of inducing temporary blindness in a human and more preferably the mixture of the invention is capable of inducing blindness in a human for more than 5 minutes. The invention provides a mixture suitable for incapacitating a human or an animal, containing PAVA, wherein the application of said mixture does not cause damage to the skin or mucous membrane of said human or animal. The invention provides a disabling mixture containing less than 5% PAVA and a solvent. Preferably, the proportion of PAVA in the mixture is 1% or less. More preferably, the proportion of PAVA in the mixture is 0.65% or less. Even more preferably, the PAVA ratio is between 0.01 and 0.65%. Any suitable solvent can be used, and the solvent can consist of one or more of the group comprising ethanol, water, isopropyl alcohol, methyl chloride and methyl alcohol. The disabling component in the mixture may consist of PAVA. Alternatively, the disabling component in the mixture may contain PAVA and other disabling agents such as CS, OC or CN. Advantageously, the main disabling component in the mixture is PAVA. The mixture may contain a dye or a label. One embodiment of the invention provides a incapacitating spray comprising a means for storing and delivering a disabling mixture according to the invention. The storage medium can be a can. The delivery medium may be an aerosol, the mixture of the invention comprises an aerosol propellant, such as nitrogen, carbon dioxide, or Forane 134a. "Alternatively, the delivery medium may use pressurized air to expel the mixture of the invention. of the storage medium In one embodiment of the invention there is provided a disabling mixture containing 0.64% PAVA, a solvent being 50% water and 50% isopropyl alcohol, and a propellant therefor, said propellant being carbon dioxide.

In another embodiment of the invention, a disabling mixture is provided which contains 0.1% PAVA, 3% alcohol, such alcohol can be isopropyl alcohol, and 96.99% water. The use of alcohol in the mixture aids in the solubility of PAVA in the mixture and ensures that the liquid can flow through the nozzle of a delivery device such as an aerosol. The mixture of the invention has no significant effect on the respiratory system, however it causes temporary blindness that is exceptionally effective in incapacitating humans. The person may be incapacitated during the trip to a police station for example until he is locked in a cell. A person can be repeatedly dosed with the incapacitant of the invention, to keep it under control when the effects of an application begin to disappear. However, it is important that the person recovers quickly, so that the interview can take place. Therefore, it is of great advantage to be able to control precisely the time during which the person is incapacitated. In addition, it is not necessary to provide skin and eye washes for the person who has been sprayed, or to give a fluid or access to fresh air. Hence, the cost of treating a person who has been incapacitated with a incapacitant according to the invention is much less than one who has been incapacitated with a known incapacitant. The PAVA, which is the active ingredient in the mixture, is in the form of a liquid better than powder or crystals as with many of the other incapacitants. That reduces the risk of cross contamination. In addition, PAVA is rapidly oxidized on contact with air, and thus further reduces the effects of cross-contamination of the mixture of the invention. The incapacitating mixture of the invention has a lower concentration of active ingredient than known incapacitants, but is nonetheless effective in incapacitating individuals.

Examples In the examples, PAVA classified under CAS No. 244-46-4 was used. 1) An incapacitant was prepared according to the invention with 0.1% PAVA, a solvent containing 50% water and 50% isopropanol, and carbon dioxide as a propellant. The incapacitant was sprayed to a person in the region of the eyes. The incapacitante caused irritation of the eyes and associated with abundant tearing, by means of that incapacitating said person. The incapacitant has no health risk in that it did not cause damage to the skin, mucous membranes and eyes. The incapacitating induces blindness for up to 8 minutes. 2) An incapacitant was prepared according to the invention with a content of 0.01% PAVA, a solvent consisting of 50% water and 50% ethanol and air as a propellant. The incapacitant was sprayed to a person in the region of the eyes. The incapacitante caused irritation to the eyes and associated with abundant tearing, by means of that incapacitating said person. The incapacitant presented no risk to health in that it did not cause damage to the skin, mucous membranes and eyes. The incapacitant induces blindness again for up to 8 minutes. With a concentration of 0.01% PAVA there is less redness of the skin than with a concentration of 0.1% PAVA. 3) An incapacitant was prepared according to the invention with 0.01% PAVA, 3% isopropyl alcohol and 96.99% water, air was used as propellant of the mixture in an aerosol. The amount of alcohol used in Example 3 was lower than in Example 2, but despite this the mixture could be sprayed satisfactorily through the aerosol nozzle. The effect of increasing the proportion of PAVA is to induce the irritating effects. Where the PAVA concentration exceeds 5%, the irritant effects are such that damage to lungs, eyes and skin can occur. The structures of Capsaicin and PAVA are very similar and are shown below.

Capaalcln

Claims (14)

1. REI INDICATIONS A disabling mixture containing PAVA and a solvent, wherein the mixture is capable of inducing temporary blindness to a human or animal, and wherein the PAVA is the main disabling agent in the mixture, the proportion of PAVA in the mixture being 5% or less.
2. The mixture according to claim 1, wherein the proportion of PAVA in the mixture is 1% or less.
3. The mixture according to claim 2, wherein the proportion of PAVA in the mixture is 0.65% or less.
4. The mixture according to claim 3, wherein the PAVA ratio is between 0.01 and 0.65%.
5. The mixture according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the solvent consists of one or more of the group comprising ethanol, water, isopropyl alcohol, methyl chloride and methyl alcohol.
6. The mixture, according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the disabling component in the mixture consists of PAVA.
7. A mixture according to any of claims 1 to 5, wherein the mixture contains PAVA as the main disabling component in the mixture, and at least one additional incapacitant.
8. 8. The mixture according to claim 7, wherein the or each of at least one additional disabling agent is selected from the group consisting of CS, OC or CN.
9. 9. The mixture, according to any of the preceding claims, further contains a marker.
10. 10. The mixture, according to claim 4, contains 0.64% PAVA, the solvent consists of 50% water and 50% isopropyl alcohol.
11. 11. The mixture, according to claim 4, contains 0.01% PAVA, said solvent contains 3% alcohol and 96.99% water.
12. 12. The mixture, according to claim 11, wherein the alcohol is isopropyl alcohol.
13. 13. A disabling spray consisting of a mixture . incapacitating that contains PAVA and a solvent, where the mixture is capable of inducing temporary blindness to a human or animal, and where the PAVA is the main disabling in the mixture, the proportion of PAVA in the mixture being 5% or less, a means of storage and supply, and a propellant.
14. 14. A disabling spray according to the claim 13, wherein the delivery means is an aerosol, an aerosol propellant being provided to expel the incapacitating mixture from the storage medium. A incapacitating spray according to claim 14, wherein the propellant is selected from the group comprising nitrogen, carbon dioxide and Forane. A disabling rodent according to claim 13, wherein the supply means consists of a source of pressurized air to expel the mixture from the storage medium. A incapacitating spray according to any of claims 13 to 16, wherein the storage medium is a can.