MX2009012435A - Open-core prefabricated crossbeams. - Google Patents
Open-core prefabricated crossbeams.Info
- Publication number
- MX2009012435A MX2009012435A MX2009012435A MX2009012435A MX2009012435A MX 2009012435 A MX2009012435 A MX 2009012435A MX 2009012435 A MX2009012435 A MX 2009012435A MX 2009012435 A MX2009012435 A MX 2009012435A MX 2009012435 A MX2009012435 A MX 2009012435A
- Authority
- MX
- Mexico
- Prior art keywords
- open
- diagonal
- cords
- trabe
- stirrups
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C5/00—Reinforcing elements, e.g. for concrete; Auxiliary elements therefor
- E04C5/01—Reinforcing elements of metal, e.g. with non-structural coatings
- E04C5/06—Reinforcing elements of metal, e.g. with non-structural coatings of high bending resistance, i.e. of essentially three-dimensional extent, e.g. lattice girders
- E04C5/065—Light-weight girders, e.g. with precast parts
- E04C5/0653—Light-weight girders, e.g. with precast parts with precast parts
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
- E04B5/16—Load-carrying floor structures wholly or partly cast or similarly formed in situ
- E04B5/17—Floor structures partly formed in situ
- E04B5/23—Floor structures partly formed in situ with stiffening ribs or other beam-like formations wholly or partly prefabricated
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
- E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
- E04C3/29—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces built-up from parts of different material, i.e. composite structures
- E04C3/293—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces built-up from parts of different material, i.e. composite structures the materials being steel and concrete
- E04C3/294—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces built-up from parts of different material, i.e. composite structures the materials being steel and concrete of concrete combined with a girder-like structure extending laterally outside the element
Abstract
The present invention refers to an open-core prefabricated crossbeam which is self-supported or underpin at the central portion thereof, the same being reinforced and working in a first phase as shield and in a second phase as a double-assembly beam, the invention being manufactured by a light manufacturing method including a shield and a lower concrete hill, the first phase being assembled in plant, the rest being cast and reinforced in situ with a higher resistance to compression in the edge portions thereof, and able to support the plastic knuckle when generated, the crossbeam also being reinforced lengthwise in order to resist the diagonal tension summation. The edge portions of the crossbeam include cutting connectors which are supported in the column and may support a double load; the body of the crossbeam is reinforced with vertical stirrups, continuity sticks and diagonals of the shield that provide a double safety factor for absorbing the diagonal tension in the crossbeam.
Description
PREFABRICATED WORKS OF OPEN SOUL
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to the construction of lightweight trams of intermediate mass, more specifically to the construction of self-supporting open-core beams or joists having a combination of upper framework or armature and a lower concrete heel, the reinforcement reinforced with vertical stirrups and at the end to support the diagonal tension and the plastic kneecap.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION.
The construction industry in terms of beams uses three classes of prefabricated, heavy and light and intermediate, with most of them in heavy construction, as it is trying to avoid inconveniences and saving space necessary to cast on site. In the light and intermediate construction there are prefabricated elements such as solid joists that, in cooperation with the vault, form the clamping structure and the casting surface of the slab on site.
There are some examples in the state of the art where prefabricated light beams are used provided with a concrete reinforcement and heel, but all are made of a size and standard load so they require an additional grid.
The patent application European EP 1752596, whose inventor is Daniele Franco, published on November 8, 2005, describes a self-supporting beam for slabs comprising a metal reinforcement in the form of reinforcement with three upper beams and two lower beams connected by elements diagonal, said reinforcement is attached to a concrete slab.
The international patent application WO 2004067873, published on August 12, 2004, whose inventor is Daniele Franco, describes a beam with a lower concrete heel and an upper frame, joined together by means of diagonal elements crowned at the upper end by three longitudinal cords that overlap the diagonal elements; the lower concrete heel has drowned a rectangular ring and a plurality of longitudinal cords of different diameters, two pairs of them attached to the vicinity of the lower ends of the diagonal elements.
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The Spanish patent ES 2 154 558, published on April 1, 2001, and whose inventor is Jaime Enrique Jiménez Sánchez, describes and protects a method of manufacturing a beam with two flat sides of steel in a ratio of 90 °, inside from which an armor is placed to be filled with concrete when placing the lateral formwork on one side of the beam.
Japanese Patent JP 2000199268, published on July 18, 2000, for Shimizu Construction Co. Ltd., describes a method of construction of prefabricated beams or beams that consist of an upper frame and a lower concrete heel with the lower section of the drowned armor in the concrete, said beams
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they belong to the field of heavy construction and only provide resistance
uniform along the entire beam, because the rectangular armor with
upper and lower cords joined by vertical stirrups is uniform throughout
of the trabe. The uncovered armor will be cast on site through the use of a
lateral formwork.
The patent application, European EP 0870883, published on October 14,
1998, whose inventor is Mario Zarantonello, describes and protects a beam for prefabricated lightweight slab, consisting of two independent parts, a seat of
elongated concrete in the shape of a "u" that defines a channel on which it overlaps
an armor with an upper cord and two lower cords joined by
diagonal elements that engage in the upper cord, on the edges of the
channel the lateral forms are placed to cast the beam.
The Mexican patent application PA / a / 1997/03000, whose inventor is Jaime
Enrique Jiménez Sánchez, published on July 31, 1997, describes and protects a
Open soul beam pre-tensioned with a concrete bottom heel where the slab joists will be placed, the ends of the open soul beam will be
placed on platforms around the columns. The beam of this invention,
has a simple armor of parallel longitudinal cords and stirrups
vertical exposed to form the open soul upon which the concrete will be cast
of the slab to form monolithic slabs.
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International application WO 9315287, published June 15, 1997, discloses a metallic reinforcement that can be used to form beams, said reinforcement consists of an upper bead and lower cords joined by diagonal stippled stirrups On the cords.
Patent CZ 5428, whose inventor is Erge Lotear, published on February 12, 1997, describes and protects several versions of metal reinforcements that can be used to fabricate open-web beams with a lower concrete heel, or
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Only armor can be used, requiring the use of base forms. The reinforcement consists of upper cords and lower cords, the separation between the upper cords is greater than the separation between the lower cords, said cords connected to each other by means of diagonal elements that define a complicated frame.
The United States of America patent USP 5,448,866, for Makoto
Saito et al., Published on September 12, 1995, describes and protects a prefabricated metal framework to build prefabricated beams, said reinforcement consists of contiguous upper cords flanking diagonal elements which in turn connect the parallel and separated lower cords each other a distance to form a reinforcement profile with a slightly triangular shape.
The United States of America patent USP 4,494,349, for Arthur C. Clements, published on January 22, 1985, describes and protects an armor
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metal of uniform thickness whose elements are joined by punteadota, define a channel-like reinforcement with a lower cord and upper cords connected by diagonal elements.
The Spanish patent P0464497, for Antonio Petrilli, published on January 1, 1979, describes armours for prefabricated beams with an open core, said reinforcements with a lower concrete heel that drowns a lower reinforcement and in whose lateral edges it has a metal strip associated angular.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
It is an object of the present invention to provide a self-supporting or non-open-core prefabricated trabe, with an upper frame and a lower concrete heel.
It is also an object of the present invention to provide a prefabricated open-soul trabe in whose first phase it works as an armature.
It is another object of the present invention to provide a prefabricated open-soul trabe in which the second phase, cast, works as a double-armed beam.
It is still an object of the present invention to provide a self-supporting or non-sustaining bead that allows a monolithic casting with the slabs, this with increased structural advantages.
It is still an object of the present invention to provide a self-supporting or non-sustaining fastening of vertical stirrups placed transversely from the center of the clearing of the fastening.
It is another object of the present invention to provide a self-sustaining or non-supporting trabe, reinforced at the ends and only supported thereon and does not require formwork.
It is still another object of the present invention to provide a trapeze mode, supported at the ends and by one or more struts.
It is also another object of the present invention to provide a self-supporting or non-open-web trabe, formed with an upper strand, parallel lower strands, intermediate strands and an armature with diagonal and vertical elements, as well as end reinforcement. (shear connectors)
It is still another object of the present invention to provide a self-sustaining or non-open-web trabe to cover gaps of up to 17 meters.
It is still another object of the present invention to provide a self-locking
sustainable or not open soul to cover gaps up to 30 meters if said lock the
We post-tension with pre-stress steel.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES.
Figure 1 A is a cross-sectional view of a load loader
lapping of the present invention which requires the shoring of the sides.
Figure 1 B is a perspective view of the banked load frame.
Figure 2 A is a cross-sectional view of a stiffening block
banked that has reinforcements or longitudinal lateral cords that hold the
slab joists or lower load lock.
Figure 2 B is a perspective view of the banked stiffness frame.
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Figure 3A, is a cross-sectional view of a loading latch of the
present invention drowned in the thickness of the concrete of the slab.
Figure 3 B, is a perspective view of the load block drowned in the
thickness of the slab concrete.
Figure 4 A is a cross-sectional view of a stiffening block of the present invention drowned in the thickness of the concrete of the slab.
Figure 4 B is a perspective view of the rigid stiffening block in the concrete thickness of the slab.
Figure 5 is a perspective view of the stiffening block of the present invention supported on columns.
Figure 6 is a perspective view of the stiffening block of the present invention supported on columns with a central strut.
Figure 7 is a perspective view of the stiffening block of the present invention added with reinforcements such as vertical stirrups and continuity sticks located on the concrete heel.
Figure 8 is a perspective view of the stiffening block of the present invention resting on columns, the central strut and the transverse beams of the slab on said open web beams.
Figure 9 is a perspective view showing a structural attachment or temperature rib located in the center crosswise to the joists and parallel to the beams, on the grid of the slab.
Figure 10 is a perspective view showing the rib of temperature transverse to the beams and parallel to the beams, in the center of the grid of the slab, also the slabs covering the spaces between the beams.
Figure 1 1 is a perspective view showing the rib of temperature transverse to the joists and parallel to the bars, in the center of the grid of the slab, the slabs that cover the spaces between joists and prevent the spillage of the concrete cast on them.
Figure 12 is a perspective view showing a lock of the state of the art with armor and lower concrete heel, said lock is used in slabs and on a light mold.
Figure 13 is a perspective view showing a lock of the state of the art with armor, lower concrete heel and end stops, said lock is used in slabs and on a light mold.
Figure 14 is a side view showing the reinforcement of the beams of the present invention, the upper, intermediate, lower, longitudinal, vertical stirrups, inclined stirrups and shear connectors at the ends.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
A self-sustaining open soul trabe that works in a first phase
As reinforcement, manufactured with high strength rod Fy = 4200 kg / cm2, with a
upper cord, intermediate and lower parallel cords, diagonal elements
that join the lower cords with the upper cord, the lower cords and part of the corresponding armor is drowned in concrete that forms a heel
lower concrete reinforced with a Fe = 200 kg / cm2 strength, the joist
Open soul thus formed is self-sustaining, that is, it only rests on its ends without the need for formwork for the casting of the slab, in the form of no
self-sustaining, in large clearings, it is reinforced only with struts at the center of the
Clear.
The trabe is calculated as an armor considering that the laces
lower ones have enough steel comparable to the traditional beam with all its
rectangular body, to absorb the stresses caused by the bending stress;
the upper cord and the intermediate and lower cords are linked by a
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armor formed by diagonal elements facing each other in the form of a triangle,
whose upper vertex is linked to the lateral faces of the upper cord and whose
base is linked to each of the lower cords in a confronting relationship
coincident, these elements give the joist a safety factor
increased by up to twice as much to absorb the diagonal tension that may occur in the event of an earthquake.
In the construction industry there are two types of prefabrication, light and intermediate prefabrication used in the construction of a house; heavy prefabrication, totally cast on site due to its great weight and size, and normally most prefabricated beams belong to heavy prefabrication, used in bridges, roads and large buildings. There are no traces of light prefabrication open soul that allows to suppress the lower formwork of the same and also allows partial completion on site. All the bars of the state of the art are calculated for a certain resistance along the whole body of the same, so that in an earthquake it is possible that they yield to the plastic kneecap and the diagonal tension that make the structure of the body collapse. building.
The plastic ball joint is presented in the union of columns with beams and consists in that the concrete reaches a resistance to compression greater than what was designed, for example with a Fe = 200 kg / cm2 and in the earthquake it reaches a resistance of Fe = 350 kg / cm2, so the concrete becomes dusty and fails; the steel reaches a tensile strength greater than that which was designed, Fy = 4200 kg / cm2, and in the earthquake it reaches a resistance of Fy = 6000 kg / cm2, so the steel flows, deforms and fails. The appearance of cracks by diagonal tension is due to the fact that at the time of the earthquake the structure has the sum of several stresses that cause the diagonal tension, fail and causes the structure to collapse. Light or heavy prefabricated structures do not solve these two kinds of problems.
The beams of the present invention are calculated as an armature where all the steel containing the traditional lock of the state of the art is carried in a lower cord, in order to absorb the stresses caused by the bending stress; in the upper part it has part of the steel that binds it traditionally, the upper and lower parts are linked by diagonal strings of reinforcing steel, forming an armor in the lower part of which has a concrete heel, additionally on the concrete heel the trabe it carries continuity sticks joined by means of vertical stirrups that together give the lock of the present invention a double safety factor in order to absorb the diagonal tension that can occur in the event of an earthquake. At the ends of the trabe and attached to the armor are placed some shear connectors that rest on the column and support twice the load that can transfer the trabe to the column in order to resist the plastic kneecap, the trabe does not collapse because it remains supported on the column thanks to the additional reinforcement provided by the shear connectors that resist the high load produced.
The trapeze of the present invention is strategically designed in plant, which at the time of the earthquake said work works as a frame cast with concrete and the shear connectors manage to remain supported on the column despite the plastic ball joint generated by the earthquake , in this way prevents the building from collapsing and opens the possibility that it can be repaired in the case of presenting damages. The beams of the present application have a 0.04m thick cast concrete bottom heel to completely eliminate the wood bottom of the
The formwork that the beams usually carry when casting on site, requiring only the bending of the sides of said bead, also requires shoring according to the requirements determined by the length of the bead. The fabrication of the open-web beams of the present application are assembled in plan according to the structural plans of the construction, without the need for special calculations, the beams together with the slab allow the construction of a monolithic cast that avoids cracks and future dampness. The beams are constructed with a top cord and at least two parallel lower cords separated a certain distance, in addition to the cords it has an armature with inclined stirrups, vertical stirrups and shear connectors at the ends.
Figures 1 A and 1 B, show a cross-sectional perspective view of a cargo beam of the present application, said bar placed in the slab of a construction in the middle of two vaults (2 and 3) each supported by the formwork (9) of the sides of the rope (1) whose reinforcement consists of an upper cord (6) on whose lateral sides a lateral reinforcement is joined with diagonal and inclined abutments (7), that is to say, said stirrups are spliced at upper cord, said inclined stirrups are each joined to the inner face of a lower cord (8) to form a triangular pyramidal cross section, which are in a pair parallel to the base of the structure, the diagonal stirrups are joined to the cords by means of welding, thus forming one of the modalities of the reinforcement of the beams of the present invention, the lower section of the bead is drowned in concrete in a layer of 0.04m thickness, in such a way that the lower cords together with the union of the diagonal stirrups are drowned in. the concrete that when forming forms a heel (5) of concrete
armed with 0.04m thickness. The banked bar as that of the present figure j
requires a formwork with two sides (9) fastened together by means of a bolt
horizontal, once placed | the lateral form on the sides of the rope (1) is
proceeds to empty the concrete creating a slab with a compression layer (4) of
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0. 04m thick on the face top of said slab built without the need of
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formwork, only the use of the shoring of sides and intermediate struts that hold
Lock it. i
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Figures 2 A and 2B show a view in cross section and perspective
of a load bar (20) banked on the slab, said bar (20) supported by the
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ends in a column, the lock in turn supports the joists (29) of the slab that
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they are also composed of an armature with inclined side brackets (22),
an upper bead (21) and a lower concrete heel (23), said beams (29) by i
half of the ends of the lower cords (24) of the joists are supported
on intermediate side cords (25) joined by welding to the faces
of the diagonal abutments (7), with the aforementioned it is clear that a
load is more reinforced j than a stiffening block, since the load locks
it has the additional intermediate side cords (25), in addition to the cord
upper (6) and the two lower parallel cords (8) drowned in the concrete of the
lower heel (5) and that forms a body of load and rigid resistance that avoids the use
of base formwork for the casting of the rest of the trabe in place, the upper cords,
intermediate and lower are joined by means of the diagonal abutments (7). The lock i
The camber of this example also requires the formwork of sides (not shown) to be able to empty the concrete and cast the slab that forms a monolithic body together with the beams and joists, said monolithic body with a compression top layer of 0.04m thickness concrete that prevents the passage of moisture and solvents and thereby eliminates the deterioration of the armor. In this particular embodiment of use of the beams of the present invention the slabs (not shown) are placed on the edges of the sides of the joists (29) and more properly on the edges of the heel (23) of concrete characteristic of the beams and joists of the present invention.
Figures 3 A and 3B show a cross-sectional perspective view of a drowned load lock in the slab (30), said lock (30) supported at the ends in a column through the ends of the cords (8). ) provided in turn with a support connector or shear connector, the lock in turn supports the joists (29) of the slab which are also composed of an armature with inclined lateral stirrups (22), an upper bead (21) and a lower concrete heel (23), said joists (29) in this embodiment have a shear connector (26) attached to the diagonal stirrups (22), said connector resting on the upper surface of the heel (5) of the lock, the lock (30) in addition to the upper cord (6) and the two lower parallel cords (8) drowned in the concrete of the lower heel (5) rest on a column and form a body of load and rigid resistance that prevents the use of base formwork for the casting of the rest of the trabe in place, l The upper, lower cords are joined by means of the diagonal abutments (7). The trabe drowned when emptying the concrete and cast the slab that forms a monolithic body along with the trabes and joists, said monolithic body with a compression top layer of 0.04m thickness of concrete that prevents the passage of moisture and solvents and with it eliminates the deterioration of the armor. In this particular embodiment of use of the beams of the present invention the slabs (not shown) are placed on the edges of the sides of the joists (29) and more properly on the edges of the heel (23) of concrete characteristic of the beams and joists of the present invention.
Figures 4 A and 4B show a cross-sectional and perspective view of a stiffening block (40) drowned in the slab as an embodiment of the present invention.
application, said trabe placed on the slab of a construction in the middle of two vaults (2 and 3) each supported by the sides of the heel (5) of the trabe (40) whose armature consists of an upper strand (6) in which side faces are joined a lateral reinforcement with diagonal and inclined abutments (7), said inclined stirrups are each attached to the inner face of a lower cord (8), which are in a pair parallel at the base of the structure, the diagonal abutments are joined to the cords by means of welding, thus forming one of the modalities of the reinforcement of the beams of the present invention, the lower section of the bead is drowned in concrete in a layer of 0.04 m in thickness, of so that the lower cords together with the union of the diagonal abutments are drowned in the concrete which, when set, forms a heel (5) of reinforced concrete 0.04m thick. The trabe drowned in the concrete of the slab like the one of the present figure does not require of base formwork, once placed trabe and lateral vaults the concrete is proceeded to empty creating a slab with a compression layer (4) of 0.04m of thickness on the upper face of said slab constructed without the need for formwork, only the use of intermediate struts that fasten to the trabe.
Figure 5 is a perspective view (50) of the placement of the stiffening block on columns (51), in this case the prefabricated open-web lock has at its ends a supporting cone (28) or shear connector whose function is to increase the stiffness of the armature at the ends of the prefabricated open-web trabe of the present invention, said increase in stiffness enables said trabe to support the plastic hinge when it is presented in an earthquake. On the column (51) are located the ends of the open-web beams of the present invention which consist of a lower heel (5) of concrete on top of which the reinforcement of the same, composed of the continuous side stirrups (7), protrudes. on the sides of the upper cord (6). The object of the present invention is to manufacture open-web beams containing in the lower cords all the steel that would have a link of the state of the art to absorb the stresses caused by the bending stress and in the upper part it carries reinforcement steel forming an armor linked by diagonal elements.
In figure 6, the perspective view (52) only the struts (53) are added to the center of the beams for the support of the concrete heel (5) of the beam, the reinforcement composed of the diagonal stirrups (7), the upper bead (6) and the shear connectors (28) at the ends of the bead resting on the column (51), which in cooperation form the skeleton of the construction.
Figure 7 is a perspective view of a trabe mode supported by columns (51), the preferred embodiment shown in Figure 7, has additional reinforcing steel such as vertical stirrups (71) and upper reinforcements (70), lower ( 72), said reinforcement steel is placed on top of the concrete heel (5) forming a rectangular structural chain additional to the armature of the open-web bead described above, that is, additional to the lower heel and to the armature with diagonal stirrups and cord higher. The additional steel on the heel (5) consists of two pairs of continuity sticks (70 and 72) that give a reinforcement greater than the open soul bead, also vertical stirrups (71) are added to form an additional reinforcement superimposed on the heel (5), the trape thus formed with diagonal abutments, plus the continuity sticks and the vertical stirrups provides a double safety factor to absorb the diagonal tension on the body of the trabe. At the ends of the armature of the open-web fastener, shear connectors (28) are placed that rest on the column, thereby supporting twice the load that the beam can transmit to the column, the addition of the shear connectors resolves with it the collapse by plastic kneecap, For beams that are only supported in the column and that also pass over it, continuity sticks are placed sectioned to those of the additional reinforcement, whose objective is to increase the steel on the column and that is in continuity relation with the bars, said sectioned canes are added to the continuity canes of; the armor superimposed on the concrete heel of the
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lock.
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Figure 8 is a perspective view showing the stiffening bars on columns, but without the additional reinforcement with continuity sticks and vertical stirrups of figure 7, in this view four bars are shown supported on columns (51) by means of of the shear connectors (28) and with the lower heel (5) each supported by a central strut (53); on the upper surface of the heels (5) the open-core joists (29) are supported, with the separation of said parallel joists, empty spaces are formed in which vaults are placed closing said spaces and being able to cast the slab thus structurally formed.
Figure 9 shows an additional reinforcement of the slab formed with the perimetral open-web beams of the present invention, said reinforcement forms the assembly (90) of reinforcement of slab and beams, to which is added an upper reinforcement (91) transverse to the joists, supported by the beams and these in turn by the ends of the same on the columns and additionally with a central strut (53) for each trabe of open soul. In figure 0, it shows an additional reinforcement of slab formed with the open-core perimetric beams of the present invention, said reinforcement forms the assembly (90) of reinforcement of slab and beams, to which is added a transverse upper reinforcement (91) to the joists, supported by the beams and these in turn by the ends of the same on the columns and additionally with a central point (53) for each trabe of open soul, the slabs (2) that cover the empty spaces between joists (29), for figure 11, the concrete (92) has been emptied into the box formed by the side shoring (93) that chokes the joists (29), the temperature rib (91), the slabs (2) and the own beams supported by the columns and the strut (53).
Figure 12 shows an open-core beam (120) of the state of the art, formed with upper (122) and lower (121) cords joined by electro-welded to the diagonal elements of the armature (123) which have the shape of triangle joined to the lower cords (121) drowned in the concrete heel (124). Said beam is standard with thin electro-welded material without any additional reinforcement that resolves the plastic ball and the diagonal tension, the upper cord is joined to the diagonal reinforcement by a point just at the top vertex of the diagonal elements, ie , it is superimposed on them, different thicknesses of cords and diagonal elements are not handled, nor different heights of the diagonal elements to provide increased resistance of the joists.
Figure 13 is a perspective view (130) of the open core beam of the state of the art of Figure 12, in this embodiment said beam (130) has the concrete skate (124) and is topped with a end stop (125) which prevents inadvertent shifting of the beam when it is placed in the polyurethane molds on which said beam rests, the mold has an intermediate channel that functions as a housing for the beam (130) before being emptied. concrete to cast the slab, of course, previously the formwork that supports the mold, the joists and the emptied concrete is placed, this beam of the state of the art does not do without the necessary formwork in the castings of slabs with traditional elements of the state of The technique.
Figure 14 shows a side view of the high strength rod reinforcement Fy = 4200 kg / cm2 for a trapezoid embodiment of the present invention, has an upper bead (6) joined by welding to lateral diagonal stirrups (7), the upper end of the diagonal stirrups are attached to the lateral face of the upper cord; a pair of parallel intermediate strings (25) on which the ends of the joists rest on a banked bar; a pair of lower cords (8) parallel to which the lower ends of the diagonal stirrups (7) are joined, the end of said lower cords additionally have shear connectors (28) that rest on the columns, in order to support the plastic kneecap; additionally an armor is placed on the concrete heel (not shown) below, said additional reinforcement consists of continuity canes along the entire body of the trabe, said canes forming a rectangular armature with the vertical stirrups (71) distributed from Regularly, in such a way that they are placed in a relationship closer to the ends of the trabe and further away from each other in the center of said trabe to increase the steel near the columns, since the objective is to enable the trabe to Support the plastic kneecap and the diagonal tension.
Claims (8)
1. - A prefabricated open-soul trabe consisting of a high-strength rebar frame and a lower concrete heel that drowns the lower part of the reinforcement and provides support to the trabe to be cast on site, said trabe consists of: a longitudinal cord! upper part of the reinforcement that provides resistance to the diagonal tension; diagonal stirrups, the upper end of which is welded to each side of the upper cord and the lower ends are attached to the outer faces of the lower cords, to provide resistance to the diagonal tension; j a pair of parallel lower cords with a separation defined by the separation of the diagonal or inclined abutments, where said diagonal abutments i they are attached to the outer faces of the lower cords; a pair of intermediate longitudinal cords where the ends of slab beams are supported, in addition to providing diagonal tensile strength; J support connectors, column or shear connectors located at the ends of the trabe and properly at the ends of the lower cords I to resist the plastic kneecap; i i An additional structure superimposed on the lower concrete heel, consisting of longitudinal continuity rods joined in a rectangular arrangement by means of vertical stirrups that are arranged in a ratio that increases the steel at the ends of the frame to help resist the plastic ball joint; continuity sticks sectioned in the columns to allow the passage of the lock over them and increase the resistance to the plastic ball joint in the vicinity of the columns; the sides of the prefabricated trabe are cast in place only with formwork on the sides and without the need for formwork of the base.
2. - The open-core prefabricated lock according to claim 1, further characterized in that the diagonal stirrups are joined to the lateral face of the upper bead, ie spliced thereto.
3. - The open-core prefabricated lock according to claim 1, further characterized in that steel drowned in the lower concrete heel is equivalent to the steel that contains a lock of the state of the art, so that the steel of the upper frame * stirrups diagonal or inclined and upper bead provides additional increased resistance to the bead of the present invention.
4. - The open-core prefabricated lock according to claim 1, further characterized in that the cross-section of the open-web lock is triangular-pyramid-shaped.
5. - The open-core prefabricated lock according to claim 1, further characterized in that the lower concrete heel has a thickness of 0.04 m. And the lower cords of the armor are drowned.
6. - The open-core prefabricated fastening according to claim 1, further characterized in that the additional longitudinal continuity canes are placed on the lower concrete heel, said canes are joined in a rectangular shape by means of a plurality of rectangular vertical stirrups, that is, another link is superimposed to resist the diagonal tension.
7. - The open-core prefabricated lock according to claim 1, further characterized in that in the joining of beams with columns four sectioned continuity sticks are placed, in order to increase the resistance to the plastic hinge in the vicinity of the column.
8. The prefabricated open-soul trapezoid according to claim 1 further characterized by being self-sustaining or not, pre-stressed prestressing steel tendons are placed therein, achieving a mixed behavior with reinforcing steel and pre-stress steel and this way to get clear up to 30 meters in length.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| MX2009012435A MX2009012435A (en) | 2009-11-17 | 2009-11-17 | Open-core prefabricated crossbeams. |
| PCT/MX2010/000089 WO2011062465A2 (en) | 2009-11-17 | 2010-09-07 | Prefabricated open-web girders |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| MX2009012435A MX2009012435A (en) | 2009-11-17 | 2009-11-17 | Open-core prefabricated crossbeams. |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| MX2009012435A true MX2009012435A (en) | 2011-05-23 |
Family
ID=44060225
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| MX2009012435A MX2009012435A (en) | 2009-11-17 | 2009-11-17 | Open-core prefabricated crossbeams. |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| MX (1) | MX2009012435A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2011062465A2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112411621A (en) * | 2020-10-26 | 2021-02-26 | 扬州工业职业技术学院 | Assembling construction method of prefabricated comprehensive pipe gallery |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE6601831U (en) * | 1965-12-06 | 1969-03-20 | Waagner Biro Ag Fa | LIGHT STEEL CARRIER |
| US4081935A (en) * | 1976-07-26 | 1978-04-04 | Johns-Manville Corporation | Building structure utilizing precast concrete elements |
| FR2560910B1 (en) * | 1984-03-07 | 1986-10-10 | Laville Cie H | BEAM FOR INSULATING FLOOR |
| AUPQ934500A0 (en) * | 2000-08-11 | 2000-09-07 | Ezidek Pty Limited | Suspended flooring system |
-
2009
- 2009-11-17 MX MX2009012435A patent/MX2009012435A/en active IP Right Grant
-
2010
- 2010-09-07 WO PCT/MX2010/000089 patent/WO2011062465A2/en active Application Filing
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2011062465A2 (en) | 2011-05-26 |
| WO2011062465A3 (en) | 2011-11-10 |
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