LV10373B - Smoking article - Google Patents

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Publication number
LV10373B
LV10373B LVP-93-838A LV930838A LV10373B LV 10373 B LV10373 B LV 10373B LV 930838 A LV930838 A LV 930838A LV 10373 B LV10373 B LV 10373B
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LV
Latvia
Prior art keywords
hjih
smoking article
tobacco
matepnaji
μοκθτ
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LVP-93-838A
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English (en)
Other versions
LV10373A (lv
Inventor
Lawson Jerry Wayne
Casey Iii William James
Original Assignee
Reynolds Tobacco Co R
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Application filed by Reynolds Tobacco Co R filed Critical Reynolds Tobacco Co R
Publication of LV10373A publication Critical patent/LV10373A/lv
Publication of LV10373B publication Critical patent/LV10373B/lv

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
    • A24B15/00—Chemical features or treatment of tobacco; Tobacco substitutes, e.g. in liquid form
    • A24B15/10—Chemical features of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes
    • A24B15/16—Chemical features of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes of tobacco substitutes
    • A24B15/165—Chemical features of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes of tobacco substitutes comprising as heat source a carbon fuel or an oxidized or thermally degraded carbonaceous fuel, e.g. carbohydrates, cellulosic material
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
    • A24B15/00—Chemical features or treatment of tobacco; Tobacco substitutes, e.g. in liquid form
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
    • A24D1/00—Cigars; Cigarettes
    • A24D1/02—Cigars; Cigarettes with special covers
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
    • A24D1/00—Cigars; Cigarettes
    • A24D1/22—Cigarettes with integrated combustible heat sources, e.g. with carbonaceous heat sources

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Cigarettes, Filters, And Manufacturing Of Filters (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Tobacco Products (AREA)
  • Thermal Insulation (AREA)
  • Glass Compositions (AREA)
  • Crystals, And After-Treatments Of Crystals (AREA)
  • Fuel Cell (AREA)
  • Packages (AREA)
  • Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)

Description

LV 10373
OnncaHHe 0(5JiaCTb ΠρΗΜΘΗβΗΗΗ Η3θ6ρβΤΘΗΗΗ
HaCTOHmee Η3θ6ρβΤΘΗΗβ OTHOCHTCfl K KypHT6JIbHHM HSfleJUīflM, TaKHM, KaK cnrapeTH, η, b ^οτηοοτη, κ cnrapeTaM, ΜΜβιοιφϊΜ ro-piomiii θλθμθητ, <|>H3jmecKH οτ,π,θΛΒΗΗβ a3po3ojieo6pa3yionpe cpe^CTBa, 2
MyHflniTyK η BOJiOKOHHyio H30JiHpyiomyio o(5epTKy, OKpyxaromyio no μθηβ-raeft Mepe nacTB ropionero sjieMeHTa. Taicne KypHTejibHbre HSflejiHH MoryT flocTaBHTb KypnmeMy y,n1OBOJibCTBHe ot KypeHHH (HanpHMep, BKyc KypeHHH, omyiqeHHe, yļn,oBJieTBopeHHe h TOMy no,n,o(5Hoe). ΥρΟΒΘΗΒ ΤβΧΗΗΚΗ
Cnrapera, cnrapbi h TpytfKH npe^CTaBJiniOT cočoii nonyjiflpHbie KypHTejibHHe .HSflejiHfl, b κοτορΗχ Hcnojib3yeTCH Ta(5aic b pa3JiH^HHx $opMax. 3a npome,iļinne roflH npe^JiosteHO μηογο ycoBepmeHCTBOBaHHM h BapnaHTOB 3thx KypHTejibHbrx HSflejiHii.
TaKJfte npefljiarajincb pa3JiHnHbie cnocodbi H3MeHeHHH κομπο3ΗΙ1Ηη, rjiaBHbiM o6pa30M, TadatjHoro flbnvia. HanpHMep, μηογηθ eaMeHHTejiH Ta6axa mohcho nafiTH b naTeHTe CII1A Jf° 4 079 742 (PenHep η ,πρ.). ΚροΜΘ τογο, TačaK03aMeHHiomHe KypKTejibHHe MaTepnajībi, KMeioīpe ToproBoe Ha3BaHHe CHTpeji h HCM 6βμη ΒΗβ,ηρβΗΒΐ b EBpone b τβΗβΗΗβ 1970-χ γο,π,οβ. B pnfle naTeHTOB npeflJiOHceHH ηβ,π,θληη , κοτορπε yKa3aHH, naK odpa3yioiiļHe apoMaTHnecKHft nap h/hjih βη,π,κμημ asposojib. B dojib-EHHCTBe TaKHX H3fleJIHft HCnOJIb3yeTCH HCTOnHHK ΓΟρβΗΗΗ flJIH C03— ,n,aHHfl a3po30jm h/hjih HarpeBa a3po30Jieo6pa3yioinero MaTepnana.
Cm., HanpHMep, peraeHHe, npeflJiOKeHHoe b naTeHTe CEA $ 4 714 082 (ΒθΗβρ,ΕρΚΗ Η ,πρ.).
KypHTeJIbHHe H3fleJIHH, KOTOpbie MOryT flOCTaBHTb yflOBOJIbCTBHe ot KypeHHH, accoiļHHpyiomeecH c KypeHHeM cnrapeTH, nyTeM Harpe-BaHHH, ho 6e3 Heo(5xoflHMOCTH CKHraHHH Ta6axa, a Tarate 6e3 nokārni 3HanHTeJibHbix KOJinnecTB npo,nyKTOB ηθποληογο cropaHHH, pacKpbi-TH b nepenHCJieHHBix ηηκθ naTeHTax CM, κοτορΗβ BKjnoneHH ciofla jinnib nocpe^CTBOM cchjiok Ha ηηχ: 4708I5I (Iliejiap), 4714082 (Be-HepflHCH h flp.) , 4732168 (PecKe h flp.), 4756318 (KjiepMaH h ^p.), 4793365 (CeHcetfyx h flp.), 4819665 (PotfepTC h ,πρ.), 4827950 (Be-ΗβριρκΗ h ,πρ.), 4854331 (BeHepffKH h flp.), 4858630 (BeHepflatH h Ap.), 4881556 (KjiepMan h ,πρ.), 4893639 (yaMT), 4903714 (EepHec h flp.) h 4938238 (BepHec h flp.). B 3thx KypHTeJibHbix H3fleJiHHx Hcnojib3yeTCH ropionHH θλθμθητ Αλη odpa30BaHHH TenJia, a TaioKe a3po3o;ieodpa3yiomHe BemecTBa, <|)H3HtiecKH pacnoJiojKeHHHe OTflejibHO ot Hero, ho b TenjioodMeHHoii LV 10373 3 B3anM0CBfl3H c 3thm roprotiHM 3JieMeHT0M. A3po30Jieodpa3ywmHe cpefl-CTBa očtMHO BKJiKmaiOT b cedn TadaK b pa3JiHnHbix BH#ax, HanpHMep, b BHfle njiOTHBDC rpaHyji, TadatiHoft nyflpH h Tadamm: 3KCTpaKT0B, a TaKKe MOflH$HKaiļHft c Ta.6a.moM apoMaTOM, areHTOB, C03flaE3H]ļHx Tadan HHft apoMaT h a3po30Jieodpa3yioipx BeiijecTB, TaKHX KaK rjiHiļepHH. B TetieHMe KypeHHH τθπλο, ββιαθληθμοθ ropionHM θλθμθητομ, ,n;eHCTByeT TaK, īitočh odecnenHTb yjieTynHBaHHe a3po30Jieo6pa3yioipx BemeCTB, npn ΘΤΟΜ cosflaeTCH a3po30Jib, κοτορΒίΚ noxo3K Ha TadatiHHft flHM.
TaKHe KypHTejibHHe H3,n,eJiHH odecnenHBaioT npe3BtraaMH0 ηη3κηθ ypOBHH ΒΗβΗΜΟΓΟ nOTOKa flHMa, a TaKHte ypOBHH . PTC ",Π,βΓΤΗ". B naTeHTe CIIIA $ 4 756 318 Ha hma KnepMaHa η ,πρ. pacKpHTO KypHTeJibHoe H3fleJiHe (cnrapeTa), coflepjKamee κοροτκπΗ ropicmHft θλθμθητ, $H3H^ecKH OT^eJibHHe a9po30Jieodpa3yioiipie epeflCTBa h MyH,iņnTy^HyK) nacTb, KOTOpan BKJiionaeT b cedn TadanHyro odojionKy, OKpymaiomyK), no μθημιθμ Mepe, nacTb a9po30Jieodpa3yiomHX cpe^CTB. KaK ρ33Έ>Η0ΗΘΗ0 B 3T0M Π3ΤΘΗΤΘ C KOJIOHKH 15, CTpOKH 60 ΠΟ KOJIOH-Ky 16, CTpoKy 35, TadanHan odojionKa Taranē μοτκθτ co^epsaTb οτθκ-jiobojiokho , κοτοροθ Μ03ΚΘΤ ημθτβ $opMy JiHCTa, nojiocH hjih Tpydna-Tyio $opMy. TadanHue jihcth, coflepKanļHe CTeKJiOBOJiOKHO, onncaHti KaK βηποληθηηηθ nyT6M ncnojib30BaHHH odtniHofi dyMaroflejiaTejibHoK TexHOJioraH, npn 3tom yKa3aHo, ητο KOJinnecTBO CTerana ββθαθηηογο b TaKoM MaTepnaji, no Becy HaxoflHTCH b flHana30He npHMepHO ot 30 ,ιι,ο 70 npoiļeHTOB. yeoBepmeHCTBOBaHHH κγρκτβΛΒΗΗΧ ήβαθληΚ, TaKne, κοτορκβ οπη-caHH KjiepMaHOM η κρ., BecbMa jKejiaTejibHH. B HacToameM H3odpeTe-hhh npeACTaBJieHo TaKoe ycoBepmeHCTBOBaHHe.
KPATKOE M3JI0IEHME CyiiļECTBA M30BPETEHMH
HacTOHmee'H3o6peTeHHe cosflaeT ycoBepmeHCTBOBaHHHe cnrapeTH h ,upyrHe KypHTejibHHe H3flejnw, b κοτορπχ cjioh TadaKa hjih Tadano-cojļepacaiqtix MaTepnajiOB Hcnojib3yiOTCH οοβμθοτηο co cjīohmh Heropio-nero, npeflno^THTejibHo βολοκοηηογο H30jmpyiomero MaTepnajia (MaTe-pnajiOB), npeflnotiTHTejibHO CTeKjiOBOJiOKHa. B πρθ,π,ποητΗτβΛΒΗΗχ BapnaHTax ocymecTBJieHHH HacTOHmero H30d-peTeHHH Hcnojib3yioTCH cjioh, οοοτοΗΐςκβ, ι\μβηημ odpa30M, H3 Tada-Ka hjih MaTepnajioB c TadanHHM apoMaTOM, nepeflyioiiņiecfl c ο,π,ηημ hjih 4 tfOJiee CJIOHMH, ΟΟΟΤΟΗΙζΗΜΗ , B OCHOBHOM, H3 ΒΟΛΟΚΟΗΗΗΧ H30JIHpyW- Π1ΗΧ MaTepnajioB, τβκκχ κβκ οτθκλοβολοκηο , pacīioJio®eHHHx TaKHM odpa30M, τιτο Ta(5aK hjih flpyrne apoMaTHnecKHe hjih BKycoBHe Benļe-CTBa no.n.aioTCH κ KypnmeMy 6e3 cymecTBeHHoro nupOJinea TadaKa hjih npoflyKTOB paena^a. OcodeHHO npeflnoīiTHTeJibHHe odepTKH H3 TadaKa/ CTeoa corjiacHO HacTonmeMy H3odpeTeHHio coflepKaT cjiOHCTHft jihcto-BOft MaTepnaji, cocTonmHft, no MeHbnieft Mepe H3 ηβτκρβχ cjioeB, ko-Toptie, ecjiH nepenncjiHTb hx CHapyscH H3fleJiHH BHyTpb, npe^CTaBJiniOT codoK: TadaK-CTeKJio-TadaK-CTeKJio. Πρκ Hcnojib30BaHHH θτο coneTa-HHe BbirjiH,iļHT b BHfle neTHpex κοΗΐ1θΗτρΗΐΐβοκΗΧ KOJieiļ BOKpyr ropio-tiero 3JieMeHTa b γοτοβοΑ cnrapeTe. B i^ejiOM HacTOHmee H3odpeTeHHe co3flaeT KypHTejibHoe H3,n,eJiHe, coflepjKaiiļee .(I) κοροτκκΜ roproraK BJieMeHT h (2) H30JiHpyīODļyK) odepT-Ky, OKpy?Kaioiiļyio, no μθηβιπθΜ Mepe, nacTb BHemHeK πβρκφβρΗΗ ropione-ro 3JieMeHTa, πρκ θτομ H30JiHpyiomaH odepTKa coflepjKHT, no MeHbmeft Mepe ο,ξΗΗ cjioh H3 BOJioKOHHoro H30JiHpyK)mero MaTepnajia h, no μθηβ-mefi Mepe, ο,ιιηη cjioh h3 TadaKoeoftepjKamero MaTepnajia. Ečjih mejia-TeJibHO, το b npoflOJibHOM HanpaBJieHHH no3aflH ropionero ajieMeHTa mo-ryT dHTb pacnojiOHeHH a9po30Jieodpa3yiornHe cpeflCTBa.
Kan onncaHO βηπιθ, b onpe,n,eJieHHbix npeflnotiTHTejibHHx BapHaHTax ocymecTBJieHHfl Hac'TOHmero H3odpeTeHHH ropmHū 9JieMeHT KypHTeJibHO-ro HSflejiHfl no πβρκφβρΗΗ OKpyiKeH TadanHon/CTeKJiHHHoii odepTKOfi, npeflno^THTejibHO coflepmameK, no MeHbmeft Mepe, tieTHpe cjioh: (I) nepBHfi cjioft H3 CTeKJlOBOJiOKOH, (2) nepBHž TadaKoeoflepjKamHK jihct, (3) BTopofi cjioft H3 CTeKJlOBOJiOKOH, (4) ΒτοροΚ TadaKOcoflepjKaipft JIHCT. 3TO yCTpo5īCTBO ΜΟ&βΤ dHTb Η3ΜΘΗΘΗ0 h/hJIH MOflH$KIļHpOBaHO fljiH Η3ΜβΗβΗΗΗ xapaKTepa apoMaTa h BKyca TadaKa, odecnenHBaeMO-ro odepTKOft. HanpHMep, xiTodbi ποββιοητβ KOJinnecTBO noflaBaeM&K BKycoBbix BemecTB, cjiofi H3 CTeKJlOBOJiOKOH μοκθτ BKjnonaTb b cedn HeKOTopyio nacib TadaKa, jindo oflHH hjih dojiee TadanHHe hjih jq?y-γηθ BKycoBbie MaTepnajiH. Πο,π,οΰΗΗΜ ace odpa30M, jihct (jihcth), co-flepstanļHK, rjiaBHHM odpa30M, TadaK hjih MaTepnaji co BKycoM TadaKa (T.e. TadaKocoflepjKaiņHK jihct (jihcth) TaraKe Μοτκβτ BKJiiotiaTb b cedn CTeKJioBOJioKHO hjih flpyrHe BOJiOKOHHbie MaTepnajībi, HanpHMep, .iļtih noBHmeHHH CTpyKTypHoK ijejiocTHOCTH cjioeB. IIpocTpaHCTBeHHoe ycT-pofiCTBO cjioeB, to ecTb το, KaK ohh HacjiaHBaiOTCH ποεβρχ ropmero LV 10373 sjieMeHTa h/kjih ^pyr Ha flpyra, TaKKe μοκθτ čbitb η3μθηθηο ajih Η3ΜΘΗΘΗΗΗ CBOHCTB ΚγρΗΤΘΛΒΗΟΓΟ HSfleJIHH. IIocpeflCTBOM Hcnojib30BaHHH odepTKH H3 Ta6aKa/cTeKJiarcorjiac--ho HacTonmeMy H3odpeTeHHio,BKyc a3po30jm, noflaBāeworo κ KypHiqe-My, cymecTBeHHO ycnJinBaeTcn no cpaBHeHHio c aoposojiflMH, co3,n,a-BaeMHMH npn OTcyTCTBHH Tanofi CTpyKTypH, HanpHMep, npn HcnojiB-30BaHHH K30Jinpyiomero cjioh H3 CTeKJioBOJioKOH de3 Tadana HJIH ΒΘ-mecTBa c TadatiHUM BKycoM. Πρβ,η,ποχίΤΗΤΘΛΒΗΟ, tiTodbi 3to yjiyqmeHHe BKyca a3po30JiH flocra-rajiocB des cymecTBeHHoro cropaHHH Tadana, npntieM μοκηο nojiaraTB, ητο $H3HnecKaH CTpyKTypa πρθ,ςποητΗΤΘΛΒΗΒΐχ BapnaHTOB ocymecTBJie-hhh H30dpeTeHHH, no MeHBraeii Mepe tiacTHtiHO f BascHa ,π,λη bo3mohchoc» th flocTHKeHHH 3Ton ijejiH. KypHTejiBHtie H3,n,ejiHH, co3flaBaeMbie cor-jiacHO HacTOHineMy H3odpeTeHHio, dJiaronpHHTHH b οτηοπθηηη BKyco-ΒΗΧ CBOKCTB ΠΟ CpaBHeHHK) C nOflOdHLIMM KypHTeJĪBHHMH H3,H,eJIHflMH, B κοτορκχ Tadan oKuraeTCH b KanecTBe ropiotiero. IIpeflnotīTHTeJiBHO, trrodH aspo30JiB, cosflaBaeMHft corjiacHO HacT0HmeMy n3odpoTeHHio, duji MajioropronHM h co^epataji He3Ha^HT0JiBH0e KOJinnecTBO npoflyKTOB HenojiHoro cropaHHH Tadam. H3.ojmpynnafl odepTKa H3 TadaKa/cTeKJia, ββιποληθηηεη corjiacHO HacTOHiqeMy H3odpe'TeHHio, npenMymecTBeHHO ημθθτ ļn,JiHHy nopn^na 20 mm hjih ΜβΗθβ, a Taranē odbitiHO ημθθτ flocTaTOtiH^ odmyio toji^h-Hy flJiH odecneHeHHH HOMHHajīBHOM OKpymHOCTH odbitmoft cnrapeTH (no-pHflKa 24,5 mm), npn ee pacnojiOKeHHH BOKpyr ropiotiero 3JiēMeHTa. IIojiHafl TOjmļHHa dy^OT 3aBHceTB οτ πρπρο,π,Η ropiotiero ojieMeHTa, no-Βορχ κοτοροΓΟ HaMaTHBaeTCH H30JiHpyiomaH odepTKa H3 TadaKa/cTeKJia, h mokot HaxoflHTBCH b flHanaeoHe οτ 1,5 npHMepHO ro 5 hjih 6 mm, oflHaKO, b coneTaHHH c ropiotiHM 3JieMeHT0M h KaKoft-Jindo odepTotiHoft dyMaroK hjih flpyrHMH 3JieMeHTaMH ropiotiero KOHiļa KypHTejiBHoro H3fle~ jihh npeflnotiTHTejiBHaH TOJifflļHHa flocTaTOtma fljrn odecnetieHHfl nojiHoro HapynHoro ^naMeTpa nopHflKa 8 mm. B TetieHHe KypeHHH Tadan b cjiohctoM odepTKe H3 TadaKa/cTeKJia, no MeHBmeft Mepe, nacTHtiHo noflBepraeTCH mipojiH3y η μοκθτ paBHOMep-HO CKHraTBCJĪ B He3HatIHTeJIBH0H CTeneHH, BHfleJIHH πρκ 3T0M B aTMOC-<$epy yHHKajibHHft apoMaT TadanHoro flBBvra - apoMaT, κοτορκί* KypHJiB-iijhk OKHflaeT οτ cnrapeTH. B ^onojiHeHHe κ co3^,aHHK3 apoMaTa τηπηη- 6
Hoft TatfatiHoft cnrapeTH, Ta<5aK b οόβρτκθ Taranē irpHflaeT οπ^τημηΚ BKyc Tada^Horo flbiMa, γλεβηημ o6pa30M, agpo30Jiio, co3,n;aBaeMOMy πο,π; B03,ņeHCTBneM Tenjia ropionero 3JieMeHTa Ha a9po30Jieo6pa3yie>mHe cpeflCTBa.
TaKMM o6pa30M, HacTonmee μ3ο6ρθτθημθ oČecnennBaeT fločaBJieHne He6oJibinoro KOJipmecTBa Tarana, npenMymecTBeHHo b jmcTOBOft φορΜθ, κ M30JiHpyioinefi ο6θρτκβ, nocpeflCTBOM nero BKyc cnrapeTHoro fltiMa nojiyxieHHoro MSflejiMH 3HatiHTejibH0 yjiynmaeTCH. Ilojņcofl, 3aKJiiotiaio-IlļHfiCH B HCn0JIb30BaHHH CJIOMCTOfi CTpyKTypH M3 Ta(SaKa-H30JIHT0pa, npeflJiaraeT οηημηηθ nnpojm3a m/mjih cjKMraHMH ββοαημογο ciofla Tarana, κ TaKMM o6pa30M, odecne^MBaeT kohtpojib, γοκιβηημ očpa30M, 3a coflepffiaHHeM a9po30JiH c ο,π,ηοβρθμθηηημ yjiymneHMeM b nepByio otiepe,nļb BKyoa m 3aTeM apoMaTa. CorjiacHO HacTOHmeMy η3ο6ρθτθηηιο, 3to ocymecTBJiHeTCH 6e3 flodaBOK fljin ycTpaHeHHH οπρθλθλθηηηχ BKy-cobbix omymeHHft m/mjim He7KejiaTejibHbix 3anaxoB.
Kan omicaHO βηπιθ, npe^no^TMTejibHLie KypMTeJibHue μβ,π,θληη bkjiio-MaiOT B ce(5n ΚΟρΟΤΚΜΗ (το eCTb flJIMHOft ΜΘΗ8Θ 30 MM fl0 KypeHHH) npeflno^THTeJibHO yrjiepofloeoflep«amHii ropiOHHH θλθμθητ. OdtmHO ropio-tinft θλθμθητ npeflCTaBJineT codoft npeccoBaHHjrco Maccy nopHflKa 9 mm flJIHHOH M 4,5 MM flHaMeTpOM, KOTOpaH BUIIOJīHeHa c 60JIbūIHM KOJIH^eCT-bom KaHajioB, Η,π,γιςΜχ b npoflOJibHOM HanpaBJieHHH, to ecTb c onpe^e- ΛΘΗΗΗΜ npOflOJIbHHM ΟΤΒβρΟΤΜΘΜ (ΟΤΒΘρΟΤΗΗΜϋ) , ΠρΟΧΟ,ξΗΐρΜ ^θρβ3 BHyTpeHHioK) qacTb ropmero 9JieMeHTa h/hjih npope3HMM, pacnojioaceH-HHMH Ha ΠβρΗφθρΗΜ 9Τ0Γ0' ΓΟρΚΉΘΓΟ 9JieMeHTa. KaHaJIBI 0(5pa3yH)T nJIO-maflb ποΒθρχΗοστΗ, KOTopan enocoč>CTByeT 3aropaHHio ropmero 9Jie-MeHTa, a Taranē cnoco()CTByeT nofluepacHBaHHio ropeHHfl ropionero 9Jie-MeHTa b τθηθηηθ τλθημη . KaHajiH Taranē co,n,eHCTByiOT ynpaBJieHMio τβπ-jionepeflatieft ot ropionero 9JieMeHTa κ aepo3oJieo6pa3yiomHM cpeflCTBaM. HnoTHOCTb ramraHoro ropionero 9JieMeHTa Haxo(n,HTCH b flManasoHe npn-ΜβρΗΟ οτ 0,85 flo 1,25 γ/cm3. IIpefliio^iTHTejibHo KypHTejibHHe η3αθληη b βη,π,θ cnrapeT, βηπολ-ηθηηηθ corjiacHO HacTOHmeMy Μ3θ6ρθΤΘΗΗΚ), Taranē BKJiOTaioT b ceČH poJiHK hjih 3apflfl Tarana, o(5bwho b φορΜβ Hape3aHHoro HanojiHMTejifl, 3aBepHyToro b očepTOtiHHft MaTepnaji, HanpHMep 6yMary, πρΗ θτομ 0(5pa3yeTCH TadanHHii CTepmeHb. Ta(5anHHft pojiHK npefliionTHTeJibHO OKpyacaeT, no μθηβπθη Mepe, nacTb a9po3 ojieo 6pa3yranMX cpe^CTB. LV 10373
TatfaK μο?κθτ Haxo(n,HTbCH b nepepadoTaHHOM BMfle, HanpHMep, b BHfle pa3HeceHHoro no o6,beMy Hape3aHHoro HanojiHHTe'jiH hjih nojiyneHHoro BOflHOft 9κcTpaKijueM/ pa3HeceHHoro no-o(h>eMy. HapeeaHHoro HanojiHH-TeJiH. TatfanHHft οτβρικβΗΒ TaKJKe μοκθτ BKJiionaTb B'ceČH b KanecTBe KOMnoHeHTa HBOJiHiļHOHHHK MaTepnaji, HanpHMep, οτθκλοβολοκηο. A9po30Jieo6pa3yiomHe cpe(nļCTBa,npe1nlnotiTHTejibHO KypHTejibHoro H3,n,ejiHH^ φΗ3ΗηβοκΗ OTflejreHH οτ ropmero 3JieMeHTa h pacnojiojKeHH nosagņi ηθγο β npoflOJibHOM HanpaBJieHHH. ΠρθβποτιτΗτβΛΜϊο, ητο6π a3po30Jieo6pa3yioinHe cpeflCTBa Čhjih 3aKjnoneHbi b Kancyjiy, κοητθΜηθρ hjih Kopnyc, κοτορυίί TenjionpoBofleH, ho c flpyroM .οτοροΗΗ Tenjio-CToeK h pacnojiojKeH b KaHajie, κοτορΗΗ προχο^πτ b npoflOJibHOM HanpaBJieHHH χίβρβ3 Ta6anHbii5 CTepjKeHb.
TenjionpoBOflHaH Kancyjia, KOHTetep hjih Kopnyc flJin aspo30Jie-odpa3yiomHx cpe^cTB (.ņajiee Kancyjia) coflepjKHT o^hh hjih 6ojiee a9po30Jieo6pa3yioiHHe MaTepHajiH. TaKOii a3po30jieo(5pa3yiomHft MaTepHaji MOJKeT BKjnonaTb b ce(5n Ta6aK b jnočoft φορΜβ, HanpHMep, β βη,π,θ Ta-6atiHOfi nbuiH, Ta6atiHbix 3KCTpaKT0B, ocymeHHHx pacnbuieHHeM, hjih TadanHHx scceHiļHH, a Tarae areHTH ,ii,jm npH^aHHH TačanHoro BKyca, Tarae KaK caxap, jiaKpHiļa, KaKao. ,0pyrHe a9po30Jieo6pa3yiomHe Ma-Tepnajm, κοτορπθ MoryT 6ητβ Hcnojib30BaHH, npeflCTaBJraiOT cočoft MHoroaTOMHbiM οπηρτ, HanpHMep, rjiHiļepHH, npoijHJieHrjiHKOJib, τρκ-3THJieHrJIHK0JIb, KOTOpbie HCnapHKJTCH flJIH COSflaHHH ΒΗ,Π,ΗΜΟΓΟ "fiblMO-nofloČHoro" aspoeojiH. A3po30Jieo6pa3yioinHe MaTepnajiH BHyTpH koh-TeMHepa očbRHO y^ep?KHBaioTCH ochobom, TaKOft KaK ajnoMHHHeBbie ma-ρκκΗ, yrjiepo;n;ocoflep}Kair(Hft MaTepnaji, ynjioTHeHHbiH (HanpHMep, npe-ccoBaHHbiH) Ta(5aK, yrjiepo,nļ, okhcb ajnoMHHHH hjih hx CMecb, jih(5o ,npyrHe npneMJieMbie MaTepnajībi, η3βθοτηηθ cneiļnajiHCTaM. ĪIpeflnoHTHTejibHbie KypHTejībHbie H3^eJiHH Taoce BKjnonaioT b cečn MyHflinTyK fljm no^ann a3po30jm κ KypHJibmHKy, npnneM b cjiynae ch-rapeT MyHjļniTyK očbraHO HMeeT Tpy6naTyio $opMy. O^HaKO MyH,ninTyK μοκθτ (5biTb BbinojiHeH OTflejibHO, HanpHMep, β φορΜβ ^epiKaTeJin cnra-peTbi hjih b BH,nļe Tpy6KH. MyH,n1[nTyK npeAnonTHTejibHtK KypHTeJibHbix H3ļi;ejiHii odbraHO BKJnonaeT b cedn 3aKynopHBaiomHM φHJIbτpoBaJIbHLI¾ 0Τρβ30Κ» npeflnOtiTHTeJībHbie $HJIbTpOBaJIbHHe 0Tpe3KH fleMOHCTpHpyīOT HeBHCOKyiO θφφθΚΤΗΒΗΟΟΤΒ φHJIbTpa^HH, C ΤΘΜ, HT0(5h CBeCTH Κ MHHH-MyMy ΠΟΜΘΧΗ flJIH ΠρΟΧΟΙΚ,Π,βΗΗΗ a9p030JIH OT a3po30Jieo0pa3yiomHX cpejļCTB ko pTy KypHņero bo BpeMfl 3aTH®KH (το θοτβ πρκ ynoTpe<5- 8 jieHHH). Taranē npeflnonTHTejibHH MyH,ipTyKH, BKJiKwaiomne b ce6n Kyc-kh apoMaTOCo.n.epHcamero MaTepnajra, HanpHMep, HeruiOTHO Ha6paHHyio hjih CKJiafltiaTyio 6yMary, jih6o μθητο jio coflepjKanjHh CKJiaflnaTuft jihct, HanojiHeHHHM yrJiepoflOM, MeHgay a3po30Jieo(5pa3yiomHMH cpeflCTBaMH h $HJIbTpOBaJIbHHM 0Τρβ3Κ0Μ.
Mcnojib3yeMHū s^ecb TepMHH ’^aposojib" 03HayaeT BKJiicmeHHē napoB, ra30B, ^acTHiļ h TOMy nofloČHoro, Kan βη,π,ημηχ, TaK η ηθβη-fĢHMLDC, a ocodeHHO τβχ κομποηθητοβ, κοτορπβ omymaiOTCH KypHirļHM,
KaK H(^LIMOπo1^o6HHe,,, 0<5pa3yeMHe πο,η ,π,βΚοτΒΗθΜ Temia, C03,n,aBaeM0-ro ropiotiHM 3JieMeHT0M Ha MaTepnajiH, coflepHcamHec-H BHyTpn a3po30Jie-o(5pa3yiomnx cpe^CTB, jih(5o r,n,e-HH6y1nlb b ,npyroM μθοτθ b KypHTejib-HOM H3£eJIHH.
Hcnojib3yeMaH 3p,ecb $pa3a "bo Β33ημοοβη3η, o6ecneHHBaīoiqeH τθπλοο6μθη” onpefleJineT $H3HHecKoe pacnojioseeHHe asposojieočpa-3yiomHX cpe^CTB h ropionero sJieMeHTa, Kor^a Tenjio nocpeflCTBOM npoBOflHMOCTH nepeflaeTCfl ot OKHraeMoro ropionero 3JieMeHTa κ aapo-30Jieo6pa3yioqHM cpeflCTBaM <|)aKTHHeeKH b TeneHHe Bcero nepKo^a cro-paHHH ropionero sneMeHTa. OČecnetiHBaromaH τθπλοο6μθη B3aHM0CBH3b μοκθτ dbiTb flocTHri^Ta nyTeM pa3MemeHHH a3po30Jieo6pa3yiomHX όρβ,π,οτΒ b KOHTaKTe c ropioHHM θλθμθητομ, a cjieAOBaTejibHO b HenocpeflCTBeH-hoū 6jih3octh ot CHtHraeMoM nacTH ropionero sjieMeHTa h/hjih nyTeM πρΜΜβΗβΗΗΗ 3Jie.MeHTa, odecnenHBaiomero TenjionpoBO,iļHOCTb, flJiH nepe-flatiH TenJia ot cjKHraeMoro ropKraero κ a3po30Jieo6pa3yioiHHM cpe^cTBaM. Πρθ,ιι,πο^τΗΤθΛΒΗΟ, ^to6h Hcnojib30BajiHCb 06a cnocoča odecneneHHH Tenjionepe^atiH. I4cnojib3yeMHii 3.Eiļecb TepMHH ’^rjiepofioeoAepjKaiiļHfi" 03HanaeT, rjiaBHHM o6pa30M, coftepjKaHHe yrjiepofla. Κοιιηηθοτβο yrjiepo,Eļa b yr-jiepo.n.ocoflepjKameM MaTepnajie no Becy očhhho cocTaBJineT npHMepHO Čojiee 60 npoijeHTOB, a npeflnonTHTejibHO čojiee 70 προίξθΗτοΒ.
Hcnojib3yeMBiM 3flecb TepMHH "H30JiHpyīomHe MaTepnajīBi" npHMeHHM ko BceM MaTepnajiaM, κοτορκβ, rjiaBHHM 0<5pa30M, ln1eKcTByiOT b Ka-yeCTBe H30JIHT0p0B. Πρβ^ΠΟΗΤΗΤβΛΒΗΟ, HTOČH npH HCn0JIb30BaHHH 3TH MaTepnajībi He ropeJiH, τθμ He MeHee ohh MoryT BKJnonaTb b cedn CJia-doropmHe yrjiepo1n;bi hjih πο,η,οόΗΗβ hm MaTepnajm, a TaKKe MaTepnajībi, κοτορΗβ nJiaBHTCH πρκ Hcnojib30BaHHH, HanpHMep, hh 3 κ ο τ θμπ epaTyp-Htie copTa CTeKJioBOJioKOH. npeflnonTHTejibHHMH H30JiHpyioinHMH MaTepna-jiaMH, κοτορΗβ eflecb Hcnojib3yioTCH, hbjihiotch, HanpHMep, CTeKJioBO-jiokho , yrjieBOJiOKHO h TOMy nofloČHoe. B coBOKynHOCTH θτη·' MaTepna-JIH naGTO Ha3HBaK)T npOCTO "CTeKJIOM". ΠρΗΓΟ,Π,ΗΒΙβ H30JIHT0PH ΗΜθΚίΤ LV 10373
V
TeiIJIOnpOBOflHOCTb B Γ.Κ&Π(θβκ) (cA (°C/cm) , COCTaBJIHK)myiO npHMep-ho ΜβΗββ 0,05, npeflnotiTHTeJibHo MeHee 0,02, a eņe doJiee ηρβ,η,ποτί-THTeJIbHO ΜβΗββ 0,005. ΟΜ.ΧΗΜΗΗβΟΚΗΗ CJIOBapb XaKCOHa 672 (4-e HSflaHHe, 1969) η ΡγκοΒο,η,βτΒΟ no Χημηη JleHrca 10 , 272-274 (II—e H3flaHHe, 1973).
TepMHH "TadaKOCOAepjKanļHM", κοτορυΚ 3,n,ecb Hcnojib3yeTCH, ot-hochtch κ MaiepnajiaM, coflepjKamHM TadaK b jnodbre KOJnmecTBax h b pa3JintiHBix $opMax, BKJiiotiaH TadatiHHe 3ΚθτρβκτΗ, TadatiHbie skc-TpaKTH c cyniKOH pacnbuieHHeM, MOJioTbie TadanHbie njiacTHHKH, Tadati-Hyio Mejio^b hjih muib, pa3HeceHHHfi no o6^eMy TadaK, a Tāme p$y-ΓΗβ βη,π,η odpadoTaHHoro Tadaica h TOMy πο,π,οβΗΟβ. IIpeflno^TiīTejibHbie KypHTeJibHbie n3,i]ļejinH, Hcnojib3yioiņie h3ojih-pyK)nļyk) o(5epTKy corjiacHo HacTOnmeMy Η3ο6ρβτβΗΗΚ), MoryT .ņaBaTb, no ΜβΗΒΐπβη Μβρβ, 0,6 μγ a3po30Jin, Η3ΜβρβΗΗΗβ Kan ΒβηβοτΒΟ, coc-TOHiiļHe H3 0T,n,eJibHHX BJiaacHtrc tiacTHiļ, πρκ πβρΒΗΧ τρβχ BHnycKax flbiMa πρκ KypeHnn b FTC ycjioBHHX, κοτορΗβ 3aKJiionaioTCH b 35 mji flHMa npn flByxceKyHln1HOii npoflOJiiKHTeJibHOCTH, pasfleJieHHOft 58 ceicyH-flaMH TJieHHH. Bojiee πρβ,π,ποητΗτβΛΒΗΟ, ^Todbi BapnaHTH ocymecTBJieHHH H30dpeT8HHH MOrJIH flaBaTb 1,5 ΜΓ HJIH dOJiee a3p030JIH npH ΠβρΒΗΧ τρβχ BbinycKax Rima.. A HandoJiee npeflnoHTHTejibHO, hto6h BapnaHTK ocyiqecTBJieHHH Η30(5ρβτβΗΗΗ μογλη flaBaTb 2 hjih dojiee μγ a3po30Jifl 3a πβρΒΗβ τρκ BbmycKa #biMa πρκ FTC ycjioBHflx KypeHHH. ΚροΜβ τογο, npeflnoHTHTeJibHHe BapnaHTH ocymecTBJieHHH Η3θ6ρβτβΗΗΗ flaiOT b cpeflHeM, no MeHbmeft Μβρβ, okojio 0,2 μγ BJiaiKHoro BenjecTBa H3 OT^eJibHbnc nacTHij 3a ο,π,ηη BbinycK flHMa, no MeHbmeii Μβρβ, npn 6 BbmycKax, a npeftno^TMTeJibHo, no MeHbmeii Μβρβ, πρκ 10 BHnycKax b FTC ycjioBHHX KypeHHH.
KPATK0E 0IMCAHME PHCMiOB
Ha pHcyHKe I npe^CTaBJieH npoflOJibHbift bha b ceneHHH cnrapeTH corjiacHo HacTonmeMy Η3θόρβτβΗΗΚ>.
Ha pHcyHKe IA npe^CTaBJieH bha b ceneHHH cnrapera, npe^cTaB-ΛΘΗΗοϋ Ha pncyHKe I, H^ymeM no jihhhh IA-IA.
Ha pHcyHKe IB npeflCTaBJieH πβρβ^ΗΗΗ TopijeBofi bh# (to ecTb ΓορπιςΗϋ KOHerļ) npe^no^THTeJibHO ropionero 3JieMeHTa HacTOHnļero Η3θ6ρβΤβΗΗΗ, HJIJII0CTpHpyi0mHM KOH$HrypaiļHK) KaHajIOB H HX pacnOJIO-ΕβΗΗΘ Β ΗβΜ. ΙΟ
HO.HPOBHOE ΟΠΗΟΑΗΜΕ ΠΡΕ,ΖΡΟΗΤΜΤΕΛΗΙΗΧ ΒΑΡΜΑΗΤΟΒ OCyiipCTBJIEHHH
Ecjih odpaTMTbCH κ pncyHKy I, το KypHTejibHoe neflejine 10 b BHfle cnrapeTH BKjnotiaeT b cečn ropiotiHM oJieMeHT 12, ΗΜβιοιηΗϋ 6oJibmoe KOJinnecTBO npoflOJibHHx KaHajioB II (cM.pHC.IA h IB), φκ-3η^θοκη OTAeJibHue a3po30Jieodpa3yiomHe cpe^CTBa 14, KOTopue co-flepacaT ο,π,ηη hjih 6ojiee a3po30Jieo6pa3yioiqHe MaTepnajin η κοτορπβ paCnOJIOKeHH 3a ΓΟρίΟΗΗΜ SJieMeHTOM η ΟΚργΚΘΗΗ TenJiOnpOBOflHOft KancyjiOH 16. Kancyjia 16 nepeKpHBaeT 3aflHK)K) πβρκφβρΗΐο ropiotiero 3JieMeHTa. Kancyjia 16, no MeHbmeft Mepe, nacTHHHO OKpyaceHa Ta6a-Kocoflepmameii oČojiotiKOfi 20. KaK nonasaHO, MyHjntniTyK 22 coctoht H3 ,nByx ytiacTKOB, a ημθηηο (I) KycKa ηθπλοτηο cotfpaHHoro nojiOT-Ha TadaHHOH dyMarn 26, KOTopan npHflaeT apoMaT a3po30Jiio, h (2) noJiOTHa HeTKaHoro nojiHnponHJieHa, cji^anļero b KanecTBe φHJIbτpyI0-mero 9JieM6HTa 28. KaK BapnaHT, b MyH,iļniTyK μοηιθτ 6ητβ βκλιοηθηο nycToe npocTpaHCTBO (ηθ riOKasaHo) jihčo Mesg^ Kancyjioft h Ta6an-Hofi 6yMaroft, jihčo enje rfte-HH^Ab. THnHUHaH CHrapeTa, COrJiaCHO HaCTOHIIļeMy ΗΘΟόρβΤβΗΗΙΟ,ΗΜΘΘΤ B LļeJioM Kpyrjioe nonepetiHoe cetieHne, ,ii;jiHHy οκρρηιοοτΗ πρκΜβρΗο οτ 23 ,τι,ο 28 mm, a ee flJiHHa cocTaBJineT npHMepHO οτ 70 flo 100 mm.
Ecjih πο,προβΗΟ paccMOTpeTb pHcyHOK I, to ropionHH sJieMeHT 12 y,E;ep3KHBaeTCfl b Ha^JiencameM MecTe ποορε,π,οτΒΟΜ TenjionpoBO.n.HOH Kan-cyjiH hjih KOHTeMHepa 16 nyTeM πβρβκρυτΗΗ KancyjiH hjih KOHTeiiHepa npH6jiH3HTejibHO Ha 2 mm Ha3a.11, οτ πβρκφθρΗΗ ropiotiero 3JieMeHTa. Kancyjia ημθθτ Tanon flnaMeTp, ητο6η očecnetiHTb nJiOTHoe 3axoKfle-HMe ropiotiero 3JieMeHTa h y,n1epiKaHHe ero, HanpHMep, 3a cueT τρβΗκπ.
Kancyjia npeHMymecTBeHHO H3 roTaBJiHBaeTCH H3 TenJiocTOHKoro Ma-TepHajia, HanpHMep, H3 JiHCTa τοηκογο MeTajuia (Tanoro KaK ajnoMHHHii). ΠρΗ 9T0M odecneHHBaeTCH θΦΦθκτηβηθλ TeriJionepeflatia οτ cacHraeMoro ropiotiero sJieMeHTa nepe3 οτθηκη KancyjiH hjih KOHTeiiHepa κ a3po30Jie-o6pa3yioinHM MaTepnajiaM, xpaHHmeMycH b ηθμ. Kancyjia ο(5ηηηο ημθθτ BHfl IļHJIHHflpHHeCKOfi TpyČKH, OTKpblTOif C ΠθρββΗΘΓΟ KOHIļa ,11.JIH B03- mojkhocth 3axo)KfleHHH 3aflHeii nacTH ropiotiero 3JieMeHTa, h 3aKpHT0K c KOHiļa, odpameHHoro ko pTy. 3aKpHTHii κοηθι* Kancyjn>| ημθθτ ο,π,ηο hjih ČoJiee HečojibmHe OTBepcTHH ^jih ο6θοπθηθηηη bo3mokhocth προχοκ-ΑβΗΗΗ b MyHjnjiiTyK ncnapHioinerocH a3po3ojieo6pa3yioiqero MaTepnajia, 06-pa3yeMoro HarpeBaHHeM οτ ropiotiero 3JieMeHTa. LV 10373 il
Ecjih odpaTHTbCH κ pncyHKaM I κ ΙΑ, to ropKniHft θλθμθητ 12 0KpysceH dojibiiiHM κολη^θοτβομ KOHi^eHTpimecKHx KOJiei* (hjih iiohckob) M3 TadaKoco^epscamero MaTepnajia η βολοκοηηογο H3.ojiHpyiotnero Ma-Tepnajia, npeflnoiiTHTejibHO CTeKJioBOJioKHa. KaK npeflCTaBJieHO Ha pnc. IA, npeflnotiTHTejibHHfi BapnaHT ocymecTBJieHHH coflepjKHT tierape chc-ΤΘΜΗ nopCKOB, BKJIH)īiaH)mHX B Cēda: (I) nepBHH CJIOft H3 CTeKJIOBOJIOK-Ha 100, CMeKHyio βηθιπηιοιο πβρκφβρΗΐο ropronero sJieMeHTa 12, (2) nep-BHfi TadaKOCOflepscaiiļHM jihctobom MaTepnaji 102, (3) Βτοροίί cjioh h3 CTeKJioBOJioKHa 104, ομθκηημ nepBHH TadaK o co^epataip-ft jihct 102, (3) Βτοροίί TačaKOCOflepHtaipM jihctoboh MaTepnaJi 106, HapywHyfo 6yMascHyio o6epTKy 108.
B BapnaHTax ocymecTBJieHHH cnrapeTH, βηποληθηηηχ corjiacHO Hac-TOHmeMy Η3θ6ρβΤβΗΗΚ), BOJIOKOHHHfi H30JIHpyiOmHM MaTepHajI OdbHIHO HM66T TOJiiHHHy πρΗΜβρπο οτ 0,6 flo 1,5 mm, a npeftnotiTHTejibHO nopn^Ka 1,2 mm. TojimMHa TadaKoeoflepKemero jiHCTOBoro MaTepnajia odbitiHO cocTaB-jineT npHMepHO οτ 0,09 ,π,ο 0,17 mm, a πρθ,β,πο^τητθλβηο 0,13 mm. JļjIH Apyrnx KypHT6JībHHX KSfteJIKM ΚΒβΛΗφΗΙ^ΚρΟΒ3ΗΗΗΘ CIieiJHaJIHCTH, npH ΗβΟόΧΟ,Π,ΗΜΟΟΤΗ^ MOryT M6HHTB TOJIIiptHy .ΚβΰΚβΟΓΟ KOMIIOHeHTa.
Ecjih BHOBb odpaTHTbcn κ pHcyHKy I,. to a3po30Jieo6pa3yioiiļHe cpe^CTBa 14 npeflnoiiTHTeJibHO OKpyraeHH οτβρκΗβΜ, pojihkom hjih flpy-roft φορΜοΚ Tadana 20, odbniHO b BHfle Hape3aHHoro HanojiHHTeJiH. 9τοτ.οτρβ3θκ TadaKa HarpeBaeTcn, ho de3 ηθη^ηογο cropaHHH, noc-ρβ,π,οτΒΟΜ Tenjia οτ ropiotiero 3JieMeHTa, a 3το npHBOflHT κ BbmycKy ΗΟΜΠΟΗβΗτοΒ c apoMaTOM TadaKa b a3po30Jib b τβ*ιβΗΗβ ynoTpedJieHHH KypHTeJibHoro H3flejiHH. 3tot Tada^HbiM οτρββοκ Tansie odecnetiHBaeT SJiacTH^HOCTb CHrapeT, *ιτο πρκ H3roTOBJieHHH cnrapeT cnocodCTByeT HCn0JIb30BaHHK3 BHCOKOCKOpOCTHOrO ΠρΟΗβΒΟ,Π,ΟΤΒΘΗΗΟΓΟ OČOpyflOBaHHH.
OcHOBa 18, KOTopan yn,ep}KHBaeT hjih coxpaHjieT aopo30Jieodpa3yio-DļHe MaTepnajībi. b aspo30Jieodpa3yiomHX cpe(n,CTBax, μοικθτ ημθτβ pa3-JIHtiHHe φορΜΒΙ. OflHH HJIH dOJiee BHflH MaTepHaJia OCHOBH MOryT dHTb ββθ,π,θηη b ^acTb Kancyjibi hjih KOHTeftHepa 16. HanpHMep, ocHOBa ΜΟΗίβτ BKJiKmaTb b ceda ( ί ) ajiioMHHHeBbie inapHKH, κοτορΗβ πρβ,π,-no^THTejibHo y,n1epjKHBaioT rjiHiļepHH h TadaiiHHfl sKCTpaKT η κοτορΗβ pacnojiaraīDTCH b6jih3h ot 3aflHeft οτοροΗΗ ToiuiHBHoro 3JieMeHTa, tlt) npeccoBaHHHK hjih hhhm ,odpa30M yruiOTHeHHHft TadaK, yrJiepofl h/hjih okhcb ajnoMHHHH, coflepHiamHe oflHH hjih dojiee apoMaTHtiecKHe MaTepnajiH h/hjih TadatiHHe 3KCTpaKTH h rjiHijepHH, h/hjih {Lll) cod- 12 paHHyio TadatiHyio 6yMary, KOTopan HeceT b ce(5e rJiHijepMH h Tačati-hhK BKCTpaKT h 0(5epHyTa b orpaHHqHBaiomyio (5yMājKHyio o6epTKy. <Qpy— rae MaTepHajiH, κοτορυβ MoryT 6ητβ Hcnojib30BaHH b KatiecTBe ocho-ΒΗ, χοροπίο Η3ΒβΟΤΗΗ KBajIH$HiņipOBaHHHM CneiJHaJIHCTaM.
KaK onHcaHO Bbnne, cotieTaHHe ropiotiero ajieMeHTa h asposojie-odpa3yiomeM KancyjiH hjih KOHTefiHepa μοκθτ OTCTOHTb ot MyHflniTyKa 22 nocpeflCTBOM nycToro npocTpaHCTBa 24, 3to nycToe npocTpaHCTBO Μ05ΚΘΤ ΗΜβΤΒ pa3Mep OT 5 flO 30 MM, a npeflnOMTHTeJIbHO ΠρΗΜβρΗΟ οτ 10 flo 15 mm, c Heo(5xoflHMoft peryjiHpoBKOii b οτηοπιθηηη pa3MepoB flpyrHX κομποηθητοβ MyHfljnTyKa. 3to nycToe npocTpaHCTBO βηποληηθτ flBe ocHOBHtK $yHKU[nn. (I) oho o(5ecne*iHBaeT βο3μο»ηοοτβ οχΛΒκ,η,β-hhh ropntiHx ra30B, ΒΗχο,ϋ,ΗίςΗΧ H3 a3po30Jieo(5pa3yK)mHX cpeflCTB, nepefl τθμ KaK ohh Α,οϋβγτ fio Kypnmero, h (2) oho cnoco0CTByeT 003^ηη© ΒΗΛΗΜΟΓΟ flblMa nOCpeflCTBOM $yHKIļHOHHpOBaHHH B ΚΒΗΘΟΤΒβ ΚβΜθρΗ flJIH 0(5pa30BaHHH ι^θΗτροΒ KpHCTajuiH3aqHH aopo30JiH. KaK BapnaHT, nycToe npocTpaHCTBO M0K6T Η He BHnOJIHHTbCfl, TO eCTb n0Ka3aHH0e npocTpaHCTBO ΜΟΚΘΤ 6tiTb 3anojiHeHO, HanpHMep, ftočaBKaMH, o6ecne^HBaio-iijhmh apoMaT, ημ3κοθΦ$θκτηβηημη $HJibTpyK)mHMH MaTepnajiaMM h TOMy nOflOČHHM.
MyH,n1inTyK 22 npeflno^iTHTejibHO ημθθτ TaKHo pa3Mepu h KOH$nrypa-iņno, hto oh ΜΟΚΘΤ npHMbiKaTb κ nepeAHeMy KOHuy y3Jia, co^epKamero TonjiHBHBiM θλθμθητ b očoJiOMKe h Kancyjiy c npocTOft 6yMaKHOH ο6βρτ-koh. KaK BapnaHT, HapyKHHft KOHeij MyHIn,mTyKa μοκθτ 6ητβ ηβγοτοβλθη H3 jnodoro 1n1ocTynHoro MaTepHana, HanpHMep, H3 MeTajuiHMecKOH $ojib-γη - odJiHuoBaHHBK 6yMaKHbix Tpy6oK, <$opMOBaHHOK nJiacTMaccu, τπκβ-JIOBeCHOH 6yMarH H TOMy ΠΟ,Π,ΟβΗΟΓΟ. BHyTpH Tpy<foaToro MyH,nIniTyKa 22,b6jih3h ot nycToro npocTpaHCT-Ba 24j pacnojiaraeTCH pojihk 26 H3 TačaKoeoflepmamero JiHCTOBoro Ma-TepHajia, jihčo H3 HanojmeHHoro yrjiepolDlOM JiHCTOBoro MaTepnajia, co-^epKajuero apoMaTH3Hpyiomee BemecTBO, HanpHMep, MeHTOJi, jih6o #py-roft hcto^hhk apoMaTa, npe,n;noHTHTeJībHO oxBatieHHHfl οββρτοΜΗοίί 6y-MaroH. Tarae BHyTpH MyHflmTyKa HaxoflHTCH ηηβκοθΦΦθκτηβηηη $kjībtp 28, pacnojiaraeMHH Ha caMOM KOHi^e cnrapeTH h BKjnoMaiomHft b ce6n $HJibTpoBajibHHH MaTepnaji, HanpHMep, cočpaHHoe πολοτηο H3 HeTKa-hhx nojiHnponHJieHOBbK bojiokoh, oxBatieHHoe 3aKynopHBaiomeii očepTKoM. Ecjih KeJiaTejibHO, to MyH,n,inTyK cnrapeTH μοκθτ 6uTb OKpyKeH (5yMaKHHM KOHHHKOM, HTO(5h COeflHHHTb MyHflIIITyK C Πβρβ,Π,ΗΗΜ KOHIJOM. ΚρΟΜβ ΤΟΓΟ, LV 10373 ecjiH HcejiaTeJibHO, to b6jih3h ot caMoro KOHija cnrapeTH, κοτορΗίι BCTaBJineTCH b ροτ, μοκθτ dbiTb BunojiHeHo KOJibiļo c nep$opai;HHMH fljiH προχοκ,ςθΗΗΗ B03,ņyxa, npHueM bto .nejiaeTcn π^τβΜ ncnojib30Ba-HHH M3BeCTH0H Jia3epH0H HJIH MexaHHqeCKOH ΤΘΧΗΟΛΟΓΗΗ. Πρκ ynoTpe6jieHHH cnrapeTH KypHtņiH 3a®nraeT ropioHHH θλθμθητ 12, κοτορπΜ ropHT c ΒΗ,ςβτίθΗΗΘΜ Teruia. Co3,n,aBaeMoe τβιυιο nepe^a-eTCH nocpeflCTBOM τθΐυιοπροΒΟ,προοτΗ h/hjih K0HB6HI1HH κ Kaneyjie 16, KOTopan 0KpyKaeT ο,π,ηη κοηθι; ropio^ero 3JieMeHTa. Tenjio ot KancyjiH, KOTopan HaxoflHTCH b KOHTaKTe c ochoboh 18 m a3po30Jieo6pa3yioinnM MaTepnajiOM, cnocočcTByeT yjieTyunBaHHio a3po30Jieo(5pa3yioinero MaTe-pnajia. B Tenemie 3aTHKKn Kypnmero HarperaM B03,nyx πρπχο,ςκτ b Kancyjiy, γ,π,θ oh βχο,π,ητ b KOHTaKT c ochoboh 18. 3to ftočaBJieHHoe Tenjio, B03fleftCTByioinee Ha a3po30Jieočpa3yiomHft MaTepnaji, πρΗΒΟ,πμτ κ ero yjieTytiHBaHHio. yjieTyqHBaionpHCH MaTepnaji ββιχο,π,ητ H3 KancyjiH qepe3 OTBepcTHH (He noKasaHbi) b ee TopijeBOH οτθηκθ. 3aTeM βτηγη-BaeMHH B03flyx h yjieTy^HBaiomnecfl MaTepnajiH oxjia7Kjn,aiOTCH b τθ^ιθηηθ ΠρΟΧΟΚ,Π,ΘΗΗΗ *Ιβρβ3 MyH1E1IIITyK · B 3aBHCHM0CTH OT ΚΟΉΚρβΤΗΟΓΟ a3p030-Jieo^pa3yiomero MaTepnajia co3^aeTCH βη^ημημ ”)^tlM006pa3HL·IH,’ a3po30Jib. Ūpe^notiTHTeJibHO, htočh BTiirHBaeMHft B03,nyx h yjieTyqHBaiomHHCfl MaTe-pnaji npoxoflHJiH qepe3 apoMāTH3HpyiomHe MaTepnajiu, Haxo;o,HmHecH b MyHflniTyKe, 3a6Hpan H3 ηθγο apoMaTH3HpyKJipe κομποηθητβι, h b ητογθ nocTynajiH b ροτ Kypnmero. M30JiHpyiomaH odepTKa H3 Ta6aKa/cTeKJia, npeflHa3HaqeHHaH jņia ro-pio^ero 3JieMeHTa, μοκθτ 6tiTb H3roTOBJieHa ο6ηηηημη cnocodaMH, H3-BecTHbiMH cnei^HajiHCTaM. Ο,π,ηη H3 npeflnoqTHTeJibHHX οποοο(5οβ npe^no-jiaraeT oxBaTHBaHHe ropionero 3JieMeHTa/KancyjibHoro y3Jia hjih naTpo-Ha odojio^KOH Η3 H30JiHpyiomero MaTepnajia, co^epstamero TadaK/cTeKJio, flUHHa κοτοροΗ cocTaBJineT nopnflKa 15 mm. O^na H3 πρθλπο^τητθλβηηχ Ta6aqHHx/οτθκιιηηηηχ H30JiHpyiomHx odojio^eK coctoht H3 flByx cJioeB 0y3H-KopHHHr C-CTeKJiHHHoro cjioh c OflHHM jihctom H3 npeo6pa30BaH-hoh Tada^Hoa 6yMarn, HaxoflflEqHMCH Me»fly flByMfl cjiohmh CTeKJia, h BTopuM jihctom H3 npeočpa30BaHHOft Ta6aqHoa 6yMarn, ποκρΗτοΚ Ha-Pjhkhhm cjioeM H3 CTeKJia. Ο,π,ηη h3 npeαποητηtejiβηηχ npeodpa30BaH-hhx Ta6atiHHx jihctob, 0003HatieHHbia P2674-I57 h H3roTaBJiHBaeMHft KHM6epjiH-KjiapK Kopn., npe^craBJineT cočoa 6yMajKHHft jihct, co^ep-scamna cMemaHHua Tada^HUH eKCTpaKT. UlHpHHa npeflnoqTHTejibHHx npe-o6pa30BaHHBix Ta(3aqHbix jihctob flo $opMHpOBaHHH cocTaBJiHeT 19 mm 14 (BHyTpn) μ 26,5 mm (CHapy}KH). Οκοη^τθ,πβηημ flHaMeTp θτογο npefl-no^THTejibHoro 3aKpHToro odojio^Kofi naTpoHa cocTaBJineT nopina 7,5 MM. npeflnotiTHTeJibHaH KOHiieHTpuHHafl H30JiHpyie>mafl odojiotina H3 Ta-6aKa/cTeKJia μοκθτ (5htb H3roTOBJieHa c KcnoJib30BaHHeM ΜΟ,φιφΗίρφΟ-BaHHoro BapHaHTa ycTpoMcTBa, onHcaHHoro b naTeHTe CI11A Jf> 4893637 (Χθηκοκ μ flp.), κοτορΗίί ynoMHHaeTCH aflecb jimub b KayecTBe cchjikh. Μο,π,ηΦμι;ηροβ3ηηοθ ycTpoi*CTBO BKJimaeT b cedn doJibmoe KOJnmecTBO dodnH, coflep3KamHX Kan CTeKJio, Taic h TadaKoeoflepHcamHfi MaTepnaji, pacnojiosceHHHM Me?my cjiohmh CTeKJia. KBajiH$HiļnpoBaHHHii cneiļHajmcT OIjeHHT, ^TO ΠΟΟρθ,Π,ΟΤΒΟΜ HCn0JIb30BaHHH 3Τ0Γ0 yCTpoftCTBa MOHCeT dbiTb H3r0T0BJieH0 jnodoe KOjnreecTBO pa3JinqHHx cjioeB H3 CTeKJia h/hjih Tadana nyTeM npocīoro η3μθηθηηη pacnojiojKeHHH dodnH h/hjih KX COflepMMOrO.
Kax BapnaHT, TadaK n CTeKJio MoryT dbiTb οό'Βθ,π,ΗΗθΗΗ b odipft y3eji nocpeflCTBOM BJia?KHOft yKJialutKH, Jindo BOSfljmiHOfi yKJiaflKH. Προ-qecc B03,nyiiiH0K yKJiaļn,KH npeAnotiTHTeJieH, Kor.n.a TadaK BKJiiotieH b CMecb, nocKOJibKy κομποηθητ c TadanHHM apoMaTOM b npoiļecce BJia®-hoh yKJiaflKH Μοκβτ dtiTb yTepHH. OdpasoBanne θληηογο MaTa H3 Tada-Ka/cTeKJia odecne^HBaeT bo3m05khoctb kohtpojih πβρκφβρκίίΗΟΓΟ B03-,nyiiiHoro noTOKa qepe3 MaTepnaji κ ropio^eMy 3JieMeHTy. KpoMe OKpyHte-hhh ropronero 8JieMeHTa, stot Θ,π,ΗΗΗί} MaT TaKme MonteT OKpyacaTb τβπ-JionpoBOAHyio Kancyjiy ajih a3po30Jieodpa3yionņix cpeftCTB.
KojiH^ecTBO Tadana b TaKOft eflHHOft odojKrace μοκθτ no Becy cocTaBJiHTb ot I ,ε,ο 99 npoijeHTOB, npeflno^iTHTejibHO ot 40 flo 70 npoiļeHTOB, a Handojiee npeflnoMTHTejibHO ot 50 ,π,ο 60 npoiļeHTOB. Πρβ,ςπΟΧίΤΗΤβΛΒΗΗΜ ΟΤβΚΛΟΜ, HCnOJIb3yeMHM flJĪH 0dpa30BaHHfl OdepTKH H3 TadaKa/cTeKJia, ηβιιηθτοη Ε-οτθκλο , nojiytiaeMoe ot 0y3Hc KopHHHr.
KaK onnoaHO βηπιθ, H3roTOBJieHne H30JiHpyioiņe8 odoJKracH, corjiac-ho HacTOflmeMy H3odpeTeHHio; mojkot βηποληητβοη nyTeM ncnoJib30BaHHH odtraHOM dyMaro1DlejiaTeJibHOH τθχηολογηη , ίτο CMoryT οι^θηητβ τβ, κτο 3aHHT β 3T0M oTpacjm. Tanne cnocoda BKJiio^aKiT b cedn BJia®Hyio yKJiaflKy h B03flyinHyio yKJiaļn,Ky. ΠρΗ BJiajKHoft yKJia(n,Ke TadaK, b ijejiOM b m&e Hape3aHHoro HanoJi-HHTejiH, nepeMemuBaeTCH b odopoTHoM ΒΟ,π,β co οτθκλοβολοκηομ. Coot-ηοιπθηηθ Tadana h CTeKJia b cm6Ch MOSteT cocTaBJiHTb ot 4:1 ^o 1:1. 3īa CMecb no^aoTCH κ HanopHoM KaMepe, r^e nocjie BbinpeccoBKK Bjia-γη odpa3yeTCH MaToodpa3HbiH dyMascHHfi jihct, coflepHcanļHK TadaK m CTeKJIOBOJIOKHO. LV 10373
Boodnje roBopn, Tadatimae η οτθκτιηηηηθ κομποηθητη nepeMeniHBa-iotch c ΒΟ,υ,ΟΗ h cycneH3HH no^aeTCH κ dyMaro,n1eJiaTejibHofi ceTKe, rfle BOfla jr^ajineTCH h jihct μοκθτ 6htb ocymeH ηγτβΜ ero nponycKaHHH ΠΟΒθρΧ M MeK,ny HarpeTHMH pOJIHKaMH. ftilH Π0ΒΒΠΠ6ΗΗΗ npCTCHOCTH odo-JIO^IKH MOryT dblTb HCn0JIb30BaHH areHTH ΠΟΒΗΙΙΙΘΗΗΗ npO^HOCTH BO BJiaJK-HOM COCTOflHHH. B npoiļecce B03flymHoft yKJia1nlKH TadatjHHtt Hape3aHHHft HanojiHHTeJib h CTeKJioBOJioKHO BHatiajie n3Mejibyai0TCH ,π,λη πολώθηκα nacTHij; Hedojib-πιογο pa3Mepa, c τθμ trrodbi odjiertiHTb ηχ πβρβΜβιςθΗΗβ B03,ņyxoM. 3a-τθμ H3MejibqeHHHe tjacraiņj TpaHcnopTnpyK)TCH B03flyxoM, noflaBaeMHM κ KOJiJieKTopy, rfle ohh nepeMemuBaioTCH. ūocjie ŠToro oflHopoflHaH CMecb no^aeTCH κ φορΜβ, KOTOpaa In1eiīCTByeT b Ka^ecTBe sKBHBajieHTa HanopHOii KaMepn ajih BJiaatHOH jrKJiaflKH η κ κοτοροκ npHJiaraeTCH Ba-KyyM, npn θτομ odpa3yeTCA yKJiaflHBaeMHM Ha B03flyxe MaT. 3aTeM yjI03K6HHHH Ha B03,Iiyxe MaT ΜΟΚΘΤ dHTb OČpaČOTaH CBH3yi0mHM, HanpH-Mep, SCME hjih noflodHbiM eMy ajih odpa30BaHHH θ,π,ηηοη CTpyKTypbi.
KaK BapnaHT, npoiļecc B03,nyiiiHoM yKJia(n,Kn μοκθτ βηποαηητβοη Ha οτ-fleJibHOM CTaflHH, ripu θτομ o6pa3yeTCH cjiohcthm MaT H3 CTeKJia h Ta-dana c atejiaeMHMH μηογο^ηοαθηηημη pa3H00dpa3HHMH cjiohmh. rioJiyHeHHHe BJiajKHOft h/hjih Βθ3,ιιγιιΐΗθΜ yKJia(n,Koft M30JinpyiomHe odo-jio^kh MoryT 6ητβ HcnoJib30BaHH no Bceft flJiHHe nepe^Hero KOHiļa Ky-pHTejibHoro nsflejiHH, to ecTb noBepx KaK ropiraero sJieMeHTa, TaK η a3po30Jieodpa3yiomHx cpeflCTB. KaK BapnaHT, TaKHe odojioqKH MOryT dbīTb HCn0JIb30BaHH TOJIbKO. ΠΟΒβρΧ tiaCTH Πβρθ,ξΗβΓΟ KOHIļa.
KaK omicaHO Bbnne, KypHTejibHoe HSflejiHe^orjiacHO HacTOHmeMy H3odpeTeHHK> ,BKJiKmaeT b cedn ropiomift θαθμθητ , KOTopbift- βη,π,βληθτ Tenjio, ^0CTaT0yH0e fljin yjieTy^HBaHHH a3po30jieodpa3yioiqero MaTepna-jia b a3po30Jieodpa3yiomnx cpe,DļCTBax. IIpeflnoiiTHTejibHHM ropio™ 3Jie-ΜΘΗΤ H3rOTaBJIHBaeTCH H3 ΓΟρΚΚίβΓΟ MaTepHaJia TaKHM 0dpa30M, tITO njiOTHOCTb ropiroero sjieMeHTa cocTaBJineT dojiee 0,5 γ/cm3, yacTO nopn^Ka 0,8 γ/cm3 hjih dojiee, ho odbKiHO MeHee 1,5 γ/cm3. ΚροΜβ τογο, ropmufi sJieMeHT odbKiHO ημθθτ flJiHHy npuMepHO Menee 20 mm, ^acTO MeHee 15 mm, a odbKiHO nopn^na 9 mm. Κομπο3ηι^μη Γοριο^ΐΗχ MaTepnajioB ropicmero sjieMeHTa μοκθτ μθηη-TbCH. npe^notiTHTeJibHHe ropiomie βλθμθητη co^epacaT yrjiepofl, a Han-dojiee npeflnoHTHTejibHbie ropiomie sjieMeHTbi coctoht, rjiaBHbiM odpa30M, H3 yrAepofloco(n,ep3KainHx MaTepnajiOB. Πρβ,ιι,πο^τΗΤθΛΒΗΗβ yrJiepo1nIoco(ii1ep- 16 samue ropiomie θλθμθητη ημθιοτ βθοοβοθ co^epjKaHHe yrJiepofla nopHA-Ka 60 ΠρΟΙ^ΘΗΤΟΒ, a ΠρΘ,ΙΙ,ΠΟ^ΤΗΤβΛΒΗΟ CBHine 70 npOIļeHTOB. B H6K0T0-ρΗχ πρθ,π,πο^ιτιιτβΛΒΗΗχ BapnaHTax ocymec τ b ji θηηη yrjiepoAOcoAep?Kainero ropionero 3JieM6HTa btot ropmHM ολθμθητ coAepstHT CMecb H3 yrJiepofla, Tadana h cBH3yiomero BeņecTBa (οΜ.ΠρκΜβρ I). B APyrnx πρβΑΠοητκ-τβΛΒΗΗχ BapnaHTax yrjiepoflOCO^ep?KaiqHx ΓορκΉΗΧ βλθμθητοβ TadaK b hx cocTaB ηθ BKJirotiaeTCH (cm., HanpHMep, πατθητη CM 4854331 h 49I7I28). Πομημο Tadana b cocTaB ropionero 3JieMeHTa MoryT 6ητβ ββθαθηη h Apyrae ηηγρθαηθητη, TaKHe κ&κ apo'MaTHnecKHe BemecTBa, TadanHHe 3KCTpaKTH, Hanojihhτe jih (Tarae Kan rJiHHa hjih yrJieKHCJiHH KajībijHH), ropiotiHe flodaBKH (HanpHMep, xjiophcthh HaTpnft ajih yjiymneHHH flUMJie-hhh, a TaKsce fleftcTB^mHH Kan 3aMe,n,JiHTeJib τλθηηη areHTH ,π,λη H3Me-ηθηηη ropeHHH (HanpHMep, yrjieKHCJiHH KajiHH ΛΛΗ ynpaBJieHHH Bocmia-ΜβΗβΗΗΘΜ), CBH3ywmHe BeiTļeCTBa H TOMy nOflOdHOe. IIpHMepHHe ΚΟΜΠΟ— 3HL1HH yrjiepoflOCo^epKamHx Γοριοηκχ ολθμθητοβ πρηβθαθηη b naTeHTax CM Jll» 4714082 (EeHepAKH h AP·) η 4756318 (KjiepMaH h Ap.).· ,flpyrHe ropionne θλθμθητη MoryT dHTb nojiyneHt>i H3 flpodjieHoro TadanHoro Maiepnajia, npeodpa30BaHHoro TadanHoro Maiepnajia, πκρο-JiH30BaHHux hjih noABeprniHxcfl TenjioBOfi odpadoTKe TadatiHHX MaTepna-JIOB, MOflH$HIļHpOBaHHLIX ljeJIJIK)JI03HĪ>IX MaTepHajIOB H TOMy noflodHoro. IIpHMepHHe ropionne MaTepnajīti πρΗΒβ,π,βΗΗ b naTeHTax CM Jf° 4347855 (JIeH3HJiOTTH h AP·)» 3931824 (MnaHO h AP·)» 3885574 (EopTyHK h Ap.) h 4008723 (BopTyHK h AP·)» a, TaKJKe b padoTe CnTTHHra 3aMe-ηητθλη Tadana, HoMec ,ζβΗΤ Kopn. (1976). ΓορίΟΠΗβ ΘΛΘΜΘΗΤΗ A^H KypHTeJIbHHX H3AeJIHft, COrJiaCHO HaCTOHmeMy H3odpeTeHHio,nojiynaioTCH nyTeM φορΜΟΒΚΗ, MexaHHnecKOfi odpadoTKH, AaBJieHHH hjih 3KCTpy3HH c odecneneHHeM HcejiaeMoM φορΜΗ. Πρθαποτιτη-TeJibHBie yrjiepOAOCOAep?KamHe ropionne 3JieMeHTH, nojiyqeHHHe nocpeA-ctbom 9KCTpy3HH, MoryT dbiTb nojiyneHH nocpeACTBOM nepeMeniHBaHHH AO 95 nacTen yrJiepoAOCOAepHcainero MaTepnajia, ao 30 nacTeft CBH3yio-mero areHTa h ao 30 nacTeK Tadana (HanpHMep, TadanHoft nHJiH h/hjih TadanHoro 3KCTpaKTa) c AOCTaTonHHM KOJiHnecTBOM boah a^h nojiyne-hhh nacTH, HMeiomeK rycTyio TecToodpa3Hyio KOHCHCTeHijHK). 3aTeM nac-Ta Μοκβτ BbmaBJiHBaTbCH nocpeACTBOM njiyHHcepHoro hjih nopniHeBoro 3KCTpyAepa b «eJiaeMyio φopMy, ημθκμ^πο mejiaeMoe KOJinnecTBO KaHa-jiob hjih nycTHx npocTpaHCTB. BHAaBJieHHan nacTa nocjie θτογο μοηιθτ LV 10373 čuTb ocyineHa fljrn nojiyvemH coflepscaHHH BJiarn no Becy npHMepHO ot 2 flo 7 προι^βΗτοΒ. 3aTeM HenpepHBHBiH BHflaBJieHHHM MaTepnaji μοκθτ 6ητβ Hape3aH qepe3 oflHHaKOBHe HHTepBajiH jym nojiyqeHHH dojibnioro KOJIH^eCTBa OTfleJIbHHX γορκρηιχ βλθμθητοβ.
KypHTejibHoe H3flejme,corjiacHO HacTOHmeMy Η3θ(5ρβτθΗηιο, Tanme BKJiiotiaeT b cedn a9po30Jieodpa3yioi]ļHe cpeflCTBa, κοτορπβ Φη3η*ιθοκη οτ,π,βΛΘΗΗ ot ropmero 9JieMeHTa. KaK TaKOBHe, a3po30Jieodpa3yraļHe cpeflCTBa He nepeMeniHBaiOTCH c ropKraHM θλθμθητομ η ηθ cocTaBjmiOT ero tiacTb. A9po30Jieodpa3yioipe cpeflCTBa Haxo,ii,HTCH b TenjioodMeH-HOM B3aHM0CBH3H C ΓΟρίΟηΜΜ ΘΛΘΜΘΗΤΟΜ, tITOdH ΤβΠΛΟ, ΒΒΙ,Π,βΛΗβΜΟβ πρκ CKHraHHH ropiotiero 3JieMeHTa, nepeflaBajiocb a9po30Jieodpa3yio-ιπ,ημ cpeflCTBOM, HarpeBaioiiļHM a9po30Jieodpa3yioipft MaTepnaji, b pe-3yjibTaTe nero odpa3yeTcn a9po30Jib. IIpeflnotiTHTeJibHHe a9po30Jieodpa3yiomHe cpe^cTBa BKxmam b cedn 0CH0By, Hecynļyio a9po30Jieodpa3yiomHft MaTepnaji. Πρβ,π,ποχιτΗ-TeJibHO ochobh nopncTBi, MoryT yflep7KHBaTb b cede a9po30Jieodpa3yio-MaTepnaji, Kor,n,a oh ne Hcnojib3yeTCH, m cnocodHH BBifleJiHTb a9po30Jieodpa3yK)iiļHK MaTepnaji c τθ^ϊθηηθμ nepno^a, Kor,D,a KypnmnM .nejiaeT 3aTH?KKy H3 KypHTejibHoro ηβ,π,θ,πηη. ΟβΗΗΜ H3 ΒΗ,Π,ΟΒ MaTepHSUia OCHOBH, KOTOpHH 3^,eCb HCnOJIb3yeTCH, ABJineTCH TepMoycToK^HBHK MaTepnaji (HanpHMep, MaTepnaji, cnocod-huh npoTHBOCTOHTb TeMnepaTypaM npHMepHO ot 400 flo 600°C de3 pa3~ JIOHteHHH HJIH CrOpaHHH). ΠρΗΜβρΗ TaKHX MaTOpnaJIOB BKJIK)qaiOT B cedn coTOBue yrjiepoflbi, rpa$HT, yrJiepo£Hyio npiUKy, aKTHBHpoBaHHHH η ηθ-aKTHBupoBaHHHH yrojn>, a Tarae KepaMHKy. Πρηθμλθμβιθ MaTepnajiH oc-hobh jpa yrjiepo1n1a BKJiionaiOT b cedn PC-25 h PC-60, nocTaBJineMHe IOhhoh KapdHfl Kopn., SGL » nocTaBJiHeMHfi KejiroH KapdoH Kopn., • JlHTc6ypr, PA h KaTajior » Cfy -0204-1, CN I57)HC), CM-2I0 (HG), ACM-2II-I0 h ACN-I57-10 οτ Αμθρηκθη Khhoji Mhk. B KanecTBe ochobbi tiacTH^HO hjih b iļeJiOM 3.iļecb MoryT duTb ncnoJib30BaHbi MOJieKyjiapHHe CHTa, HanpHMep Sr\i.ņ.££u.ite, Τ/Λ , nocTaBJineMHe IOhhoh Kap- dHfl Kopn. ,HpyrHe npneMJieMHe MaTepnajiH ochobh BiuncmaioT b cedn ajib$a-ajiK)MHHHeBHe mapHKH, nocTaBjmeMHe b βη,π,θ οπθ^θηηογο ajib$a-ajnoMHHHH J) 2-2600 οτ y.P.rpeKc 9Η,η Ko. h TOMy noAodHBie. ,ilpyroii nojie3HHfi τκπ ochobh ημθθτ $opMy ynjiOTHeHHHx raunojib, BHnojiHeHHBDc H3 yrjiepofla, TadaKa, okhch ajuoMHHHfl hjih hx CMecn. npeflno^THTejibHHe ynJiOTHeHHHe nHJiiojiH MoryT dHTb η3γοτοβλθηβι noc- 18 peflCTBOM Hcnojib30BaHHH ycTpoftCTBa, nocTaBJineMoro naylD1aji KK, Ηποηηη. CM.naTeHT GULA. JT° 4893639 (yafiT) κοτορκΜ ynoMHHyT 3.ņecb b KaqecTBe cchjikh. JļpyroM THn,HCn0JIb3yeM0H 3fl,ecb OCHOBH, ΗΜΘΘΤ $OpMy IjeJIJIK)JI03-Horo MaTepnajia, TaKoro KaK dyMara hjih TadanHan dyMara. Tanan OCHOBa OdtPļHO BUnOJIH6Ha B BHfle Ι^ίυίΜΗ,Ιψϋ^ΙΘΟΚΟΓΟ 0Tpe3Ka, BKJIIO-
naiomero b cedn codpaHHoe 6yMa®Hoe πολοτηο BHyTpn OKpymaiūineii ero HapyacHoK odepTKH. TaKHe iņuimfflpiraecKHe οτρβ3ΚΗ MoryT 6ητβ ΒΗΠΟΛΗΘΗΗ H3 ΟΤβρΤΚΗΘΗ, ΚΟΤΟρΗΘ H3rOTaBJIHBaiOTCfl C HCn0JIb30BaHHeM o(5opy,i];oBaHHfl η τθχηολογηη, onncaHHHx b naTeHTe CUIA 4807809 (ūpaftop h flp.). B KatiecTBe npuMepa 6yMara, KOTopan cod«paeTCfl flJiH odpa30BaHHH ochobh, HBjiHeTCH 6yMara, 0003HatiaeMaH PI44-B, nocTaBJiHeMan KHMdepjiH-KjiapK Kopn.
HpyrnM BapnaHTOM ΤΒερ,π,οίϊ ochobh, KOTopan odcļ/Hflajiacb Beme, HBJIHeTCH 3aCTHBIIIHH TOHKHfi ΠΠβΗΟ^ΗΗΗ MaTepHaJI, ΚΟΤΟρΗίί CBH3HBaeT, 3axBaTHBaeτ h OKpy?KaeT TadaHHBie tiacTHiļH, yBJia?KHHTejiH h aspo30Jie-odpa3yioiiļne MaTepnajin. TaKHe MaTepnajiH MoryT 6htb odpa30BaHH co-^eTaHHeM Tadana, apoMaTHHecKHx βθιε,θοτβ h ,npyrHx HHrpejņieHTOB c rHJieodpa3yioinHM BeiiļecTBOM, TaKHM Kan KejiaTHH, ajībrHHaT, ajibdyMHH, arap-arap, Ka3eHH., apaBHHCKan KaMeflb, πθκτηηη m TOMy ποαο6ηημ. ΠρΗ HarpeBaHHH 3τοτ MaTepnaji pa3pymaeTCH c βηαθλθηηθμ 3aKJiioqeH-ΗΗΧ B KancyJIH ΚΟΜΠΟΗΘΗΤΟΒ, 0(5pa3yWIHHX ,n,HM00dpa3HblH a3p030JIb HJIH flodaBJumsipra ero. B a3po30Jieodpa3yiomHx cpe,nlCTBax μοκθτ Hcnojib30BaTbCH dojiee ο,π,ηογο THna MaTepHajiOB ochobh. HanpHMep, mapHKH H3 okhch ajiiDMH-hhh, κοτορΗβ HecyT Ha cede o,d1hh hjih dojiee H3 a3po30Jieodpa3yioiqHx MaTepnajioB, MoryT (5ητβ pacnojio®eHH nosaflH ropionero 3JieMeHTa, a ipījmHEpiraecKHft οτρβ3θκ H3 codpaHHOH (5yMarH, Hecyinen flonojiHHTejib-hhK a3po30Jieodpa3yiomHM MaTepnaji, MomeT 6ητβ pacnojioaceH nosaj^ inapHKOB H3 OKHCH 8JII0MHHHH · A3po30Jieo6pa3yic>mHe cpeflCTBa BKJiionaiOT b cedn a3po30Jieo<5pa3yio-npift MaTepnaji. A3po30Jieo(5pa3yKM[Hft MaTepnaji μοκθτ Haxo,nlHTbCfl b jKHflKofi, noJiyTBep(n,oii hjih τΒβρ,π,οΚ φορΜθ η odtmHO yflep3KHBaeTCH oc-HOBofi. IIpHMepH npe,ii1noqTHTeJibHHx a3po30Jieodpa3yioinHX MaTepnajioB BKjnotiaioT b ce(5n MHoroaTOMHHe οπκρτΗ (HanpHMep, rjiHijepHH, nponn-JieHrJIHKOJIb H TpH3THJieHrJIHK0JIb) aJIH$aTHneCKHe θφκρΗ MOHOKapdOHO-ΒΗΧ, ,E1HKap(50H0BHX HJIH ΠΟJIHKapdΟHOΒΗΧ KHCJIOT, HanpHMep, MeTHJI-CTeapaT, flHMeTHJifleKOHflHoaT hjih ^HMeTHJīTeTpafleKaHflHoaT) Ή TOMy LV 10373 nOflOČHOe. JļonOJIHHTeJIbHHe ΠρΗΜβρΗ ΠρΗΘΜΛβΜΗΧ asp030Jieodpa3yK}nļHX MaTepnajiOB BKJiicmaioT b ce6a jieTyqne apoMaTH^eCKHe areHTH η μο,β,η-$HKaTopH c Ta(5aqHHM apoMaTOM. JīeTyqne apoMaTHtiecKHe areHTH bkjiio-qaioT b cedn BaHHJiHH, naKao, jiaRpnu^, opraHHqecKne khcjioth, ca-xap h TOMy πο,π,ο&ιοβ. MojļH$HKaTopH c TaCmHHM apoMaTOM BKJiKrcaiOT b ce6fl acnaparaH, jieByjiHHOByio KHCJiOTy, neHTaaiļeTaT γλκκο3η h TOMy πο,ηο&ιοβ.
KaK ormcaHO BHme, TeruionpoBO^HaH Kancyjia hjih κοητθηηθρ πρκ-ΜβΗΗβτοΗ 3&ecb npenMymecTBeHHO ^jih oČecne^HBaiomefi TeiuioodMeH B3aHM0CBH3H Me}py ropio^HM 9JieMeHT0M h a3po30Jieo6pa3yiomHMH cpefl-CTBaMH. TenjionpoBOflHan Kancyjia npeαπο^τμtejibHo odpa3yeTCH H3 MeTajuiHHecKoro JiHCTa, nojiocu hjih (fiojibrn. TojmjHHa οτθηκη KancyjiH hjih KOHTeMHepa očhhho Haxoln1HTCH b ,n,Hana30He npHMepHO ot 0,01 mm flo 0,2 mm. TojimļHHa, $opMa h/hjih τηπ MaTepnajia, Hcnojib3yeMoro fljiH H3roTOBjieHHH KaneyjiH, MomeT H3MeHHTbCH pjlr o6ecneqeHHH ®e-jiaeMOft CTeneHH Tenjionepe^atiM. npeflnotiTHTeJibHMM TenjionpoBo^HHfi BJieMeHT H3rOTaBJIHBaeTCfl H3 ΤΟΗΚΟΓΟ ajIKJMHHHeBOrO JIHCTa, KOTOpHH CHJIbHO paCTHrHBaeTCH flJIfl 0(5pa30BaHHH IļHJIHHflpH^eCKOK KancyJIH c flJIHHOH nopH,n,Ka 30 MM H HapyKHbIM flHaMeTpOM npH0JIH3HTeJIbH0 coc— TaBJIAJO^HM 4,6 MM. B npeflnoqTHTejibHHx BapHaHTax ocymecTBJieHHH HacTOfimero H3o6-ρβτβΗΗΗ TenJionpoBOflHafl Kancyjia, KOTopan co#epacHT ocHOBy h aspo-30Jieo(5pa3yiomHH MaTepnaji, κρΘΠΗτοπ κ MyHfluiTyKy, χοτη MyH,nlniTyK Μοκβτ 6biTb BLinoJiHeH OT^eJibHO b Ka^ecTBe ^epniaTeJih cnrapeTH. MyHflniTyk coeflaeT. Kanaji, κοτορπ^ odecne^HBaeT πο,ηΒΟ,π; ΗΟΓ&ρπιοιςΗΧ-ch a3po30Jieo6pa3yioinHX MaTepHajioB b ροτ KypHiqero, a TaKJfte μοκθτ npH^aBaTb flonoJiHHTejibHBiii apoMaT HcnapnioinHMeiī a9po3ojieo6pa3yiomHM MaTepnajiaM. ĪIpeflno^THTejiBHO, utočh fljiHHa MyH,n,uiTyKa cocTaBJiiuia npHMepHO OT 30 JļO 85 MM, HO OHa MOKeT H3MeHflTbCfI (to eCTb dHTb fljiHH-Hee hjih κορο^θ), tīto flHKTyeTCH τρθ6οβ3ηηημη , npejļ'BHBJiHeMH-mh κ ηβαθληη). npeflno^THTejibHaH fljiHHa MyH^niTyKa TanoBa, hto6h ( ί ) cropaeMan qacTb ropioqero 3JieMeHTa h TeimonpoBOflHHfl gjie-μθητ y(n,epjKHBajiHCb Ha paccTOHHHH- ot pTa h najībiļeB Kypfltiļero h {it ) ropmaie HcnapHiomHecH a9po30Jieo6pa3yioii(He MaTepnajin HMejiH ΛΟοτβτοΊΗΟ BpeMH flJiH oxjia?KIiileHHH, nepeji, τβΜ Kax ohh flOCTHrHyT pTa Kypnmero. 20 Πο,π,χο,π,Ηΐφΐθ MyHflinTyKH o&raHO ηηθρτηη no οτηοπιθηηκ) k aoposojre-odpa3yiomeMy MaTepnajiy, očecne^iHBaH MHHMMajibhhe ποτβρπ aoposojiH, Kan pe3yjibTaT KOHfleHcaijHH πρκ $HJibTpaiļHH, h MoryT npoTHBOCTOHTb TeMnepaTypaM, co3,n,aBaeMHM πρκ ynoTpedjieHHH KypHTeJibHoro H,3^ejihh· ΠρκΜβρΗ MyHflinTyKOB BKjnonaiOT b cedn njiacTH$HLļnpoBaHHBie TpydKH H3 aiļeTaTa ijejiJiK)jio3H, HanpHMep, TaKne, κοτορπβ ημθϊοτ od03HaneHne SC5 -I H nOCTaBJIHIOTCH ΑμΘΡΗΚΘΗ $HJIbTpOHa Kopn. , nOJIHaMHAHbie · Tpy6KH, nocTaBūfleMHe nofl Ha3BaHneM KanTOH φηρΜοη E.M Λ® Ποητ HeMiopc, TpydKH H3 KapTOHa hjih njiOTHOft 6yMarn, h 6yMamHHe TpyČKH C OČJIHIJOBKOH H3 aJIIOMHHHΘΒ 0¾ φΟΛΒΓΗ. B MyH1E1iiiTyK μο?κθτ BCTaBJiHTbcn οτρβ3θκ oneHb ηθπλοτηο codpaH-Hofi TačanHOH dyMara. TanoH οτρθ3θκ μοκθτ feb pacnoJioaceH Henoc-ρβ,Π,ΟΤΒΘΗΗΟ 3a TenJIOnpOBOflHblM 3JieM6HT0M , KOTOpHM COflepHCHT a3po30-jieo6pa3yioiiiHH MaTepnaji. Ecjih stejiaTejibHO, ητο b MyH,n,niTyK MomeT dtiTb BCTpoeH οτρΘβοκ coČpaHHOK yrjiepo(n,Hoft (5yMarH, b nacTHocTM, flJIH ΤΟΓΟ, tiTOČH ΒΒΘΟΤΗ Β asp030JIb MeHTOJIOBHM apoMaT. Il0flX0flfl-mne οτρβ3ΚΜ codpaHHOH yrjiepoflHoft 6yMarn onncaHH b eBponencKoft 3anBKe Ha naTeHT N° 342538.
CaMHft KOH^HK KypHTeJIbHOrO H3fleJIHH, 3axo1n1flmHK β ροτ, npefl-nonTHTejibHO BKJiionaeT b ce6n φΗϋΒτρ^ιςΗΗ θλθμθητ hjih ’^HjibTpyio-ιςκΚ koh^hk", b nacTHOCTH, no οοτθίή^θοκημ coodpajKeHHHM·. Ilpeflnotī-THTejibHHe φHJIbτpyIOI^He 3ji6M0hth npeflCTaBJiHiOT co(5oft 3JieMeHTH c HH3K0M θφφθΚΤΗΒΗΟΟΤΒΚ), KOTOpbie ΗΘ C03flaBT ΟΠβΓΤΗΜΟΘ ΠρβΠΗΤΟΤΒΗΘ Bbixo,ny aoposojiH. IIpHeMJieMHe $HJibTpywn];He MaTepnajībi BKjnonaiOT b ce<5n ΗΗ3Κ03φφθκτΗΒΗΗίί aijeTaT iļejijiiojio3bi hjih nojiHnponHJieHOByio naKJiio, a Tairae ΒΗποΛΗβΗΗΗβ c πρθπητοτβηημη hjih noJiocTHMH οτφορ-MOBaHHbie nojiHnponHJieHOBbie MaTepnajin. ūpneMJieMbie φHJIbτpo^JIeMθH-th MoryT (5htL· BHnojiHeHbi nocpeflCTBOM cdopa HeTKaHoro nojinsrae-ηοβογο noJiOTHa, o6o3HanaeMoro PP-IOO-F h nocTaBJiaeMoro φκρ- MOft KHMdepjiH-KjiapK Kopn., c Hcnojib30BaHH6M ycTpoHCTBa ajih φορ-MHpoBaHHH φHJIbτpyκ)I^eΓO CTepmHH, onHcaHHoro β IIpHMepe I naTeHTa CUiA Jf° 4807809 Ha hmh Ilpafiopa h flp. Jķ>yrHM noJie3HbiM φHJIbτpoBβϋIb— hhm MaTepnajiOM μοκθτ <5ητβ aiļeTaT i;eJiJiK)Ji03H c bhcokhmh fteHbe (ΗΜΘΚ)11ΗΗ HH3KyiO nJIOTHOCTb) , nOCTaBJIHeMHH φκρΜΟΗ ΤθΗΗβΟΟΗ ΗΟΤΜΘΗ.
Kan onHcaHO Bbnne, KypHTeJibHbie H3flejiHH, corjiacHO HacTonmeMy Η3θ6ρΘτβΗΗΐο,BKJiionaioT b cetfn μηογηθ βη,π,η Tadana. Βη,π,η Ta6aKa mo-ryT H3MeHHTbCH, npH^eM β κοΗκρθΤΗΗΜ BapHaHT ocymecTBJieHHH nacTO LV 10373 ββο,π,ητοη dojiee ο,π,ηογο BHfla Tadana, HanpHMep, HapH^y c odepTKOft H3 TadaKa/cTeKJia, OKpyscaiomeH ropOTHft θλθμθητ, TadaK Tansce Μοκβτ ββο,π,ητβοη b caM ropKHHft BJieMSHT · KaK ynoMHHyTO Bbime, TadaK TaK-me μο}κθτ pacnojiaraTbCH ΒΗγτρκ a3po30Jieodpa3yiomHx cpe^CTB h/hjih ΒΗγτρκ MyH,DļūTyKa TaKHM odpa30M, tjto pa3JiH^HHe κομποηθητη c apo-MaTOM Tadana nepeMeiņaiOTCH TaK, tiTodn BHTHHyTb aaposojib, προχο-,ςΗίςΗΜ yepe3 MyH,iļmTyK. Τηπ Tadana μοικθτ η3μθηητβοη h BKJno^aeT b cedfl BHece30HH0 $epMeHTnpyeMbie Tadann Eejin, MepmieHfl h OpneHTaji, ρθ,π,ΚΗθ h cneiļnajībHHe TadaKH, a TaK®e ηχ ομθοη.
OflHoM H3 φορΜ Tadana HBJifleTCH Hape3aHHHH TadanHHH HanoJiHH— TeJib, HanpHMep, TadanHHH HanojiHHTeJib b βη,π,θ npimefi hjih JiocKyTOB, ΗΜβΗΐςκχ iiiHpHHy npHMepHO οτ 1/20 flMHMa flo 1/40 jņoftMa h ,n;jiHHy πρκ-ΜβρΗΟ οτ 1/4 fliOMMa ,π,ο 3 ,π,ϊομμοβ . Tada^iHbiH Hape3aHHbiM HanojiHHTeJib μοκθτ dHTb odpa30BaH H3 TadatiHHx njiacTHH, odpadoTaHHbix TadanHHx CTedjiefi, BKJiionafl CTedjiH, Hape3aHHHe pojiHKaMH hjih cjiohmh, Jindo H3 npeodpa30BaHHoro TadatiHoro MaTepnajia. Hape3aHHHi4 HanojiHHTeJib odbRHO BBO^HTCH B COCTaB CHrapeTbl B ΒΗ,Π,Θ Ι^ΗΛΗΗ^ρΗΗβΟΚΟΓΟ pOJIHKa, Jindo nopiļHH Tada^Horo MaTepnajia, KOTopan odepnyTa odepTomioft dyMaroft. ΟτβρτκΗΗ hjih pojihkh Hape3aHHoro HanojiHHTejiH MoryT dbiTb odpa30BaHH nocpeflCTBOM πρημθηθηηη cnocoda n ycTpoftcTBa fljra H3ro-τοβ;ιθηηη CTepjKHeft cnrapeT, κοτορπβ χοροωο η3βθοτηη cnei^najiHCTaM. TadatiHHH Hape3aHHHii HanojiHHTeJib Tanste μοκθτ dHTb BBe^eH b aapo-30Jieodpa3yiomHe cpeflCTBa, ecjiH θτο HcejiaTeJibHO. KaK onHcaHO Bbnne, 3T0T ΤΗΠ Hape3aHH0r0 .HanOJIHHTeJIH odbniHO HCnOJIb3yeTCH flJIH OXBaTbI-BaHHH a9po30Jieodpa3yioiiļHx cpeflCTB b npe,n,notiTKTejībHbix cnrapeTax, corjiaeHO 9T0My H3odpeTeHHio.
J3pyron φορΜΟΚ TadaKa, KOTopan πικροκο Hcnojib3yeTcn b θτομ H3odpeTeHHH, HBjmeTCH TadanHaH’dyMara.. Hapafly c ee Hcnojib30Ba-HHeM b odepTKe H3 TadaKa/cTeKJia, npeflHa3HaneHHoK fljm ropionero 9JieMeHTa, Tada^Han dyMara, HanpHMep, β βη^θ dyMa?KHoro nojioTHa THna P-II4-B, nocTaBJineMoro KHMdepjm-KjiapK KopnopefimeH, μοκθτ CBOdojļHO COdHpaTbCfl B IļHJIHHflpHtieCKHii 0Tpe30K cnocodoM, KOTOpHK yKa3aH β ΠρΗΜβρβ Z naTeHTa CU1A !f° 4 807 809 (Ilpaftop h flp.). Ta-κηθ iļHJiHH^pH^ecKHe οτρβ3ΚΗ H3 codpaHHOii TadanHoK dyMara MoryT dHTb BCTpoeHH ( ^ ) b cnrapeTy hjih κοητθΜηθρ cnrapeTH fljin τογο, tiTOdbi ^encTBOBaTb^B Ka^ecTBe ochobh ^jih a9po30Jieodpa3yioinero Ma-Tepnajia h/hjih (<*<-) BHyTpb MyHjļniTyKa enrapeTH. Ecjih HteJiaTejibHo, 22 το TačatiHan dyMara μοκθτ BHCTHJiaTb ΒΗγτρθΗΗΐοκ) 30Hy MyH,iiImTyKa KypnTejibHoro H3,I],eJIHH. ipyroK φορΜΟίί Tarana, Hcnojib3yeMoii sflecb, ηβληθτοη tohko M3MejibqeHHHM TadatiHbin MaTepHaji. TaKOn bh# Tadam BKJiionaeT b ce-dn TadaqHyio ntuib h tohko H3MeJibqeHHbie TadanHHe njiacTHHKH. Odbra-ho tohko H3MejibqeHHBiM TadanHHft MaTepnaji yflep?KHBaeTCH ochoboh, KOTopan pacnojiaraeTCH BHyTpH KancyjiH hjih KOHTeftHepa cnrapeTH. OflHaKO, tohko K3MejibqeHHbift TadanHHH MaTepnaji TaKEe μοεθτ bbo-,π,ητβοη b cocTaB ropK)qero 9JieMeHTa.
Enje ο,π,ηημ βη,ε,ομ Hcnojib3yeMoro TadaKa ηβληθτοη TadanHHM 9kc-TpaKT. 3KCTpaKTW MoryT dHTb noJiyqeHH jnodbiM H3 onpeflejieHHoro ko-jiH^ecTBa cnocodoB, η3βθοτηηχ cneiņiajincTaM b θτοη OTpacjiH. Tadan-hbik 9KCTpaKT odbmHO nojiyqaeTCH nyTeM 9KCTparapoBaHHH TadanHoro MaTepHajia c ncnojib30BaHneM pacTBopHTejin, HanpHMep, BOflbi, ,n;Byo-khch yrjiepofla, ιπθοτκφτορΗΟτοΜ cepn, yrjreBOflopo^a, Tanoro KaK reKcaH hjih 9TaH0Ji, rajiOM.n^rJieBOAopofla, HanpHMep, KOMMepnecKH ,iļocTynHoro $peoHa, jindo Apyrnx opraHHnecKHx h HeopraHHnecKHX pacTBopHTejieft. TadanHbie 9KCTpaKTH MoryT BKjnonaTb b cedn ocy-raeHHbie pacnnjieHHeM hjih 3aMopaEHBaHHθμ TadanHbie OKCTpaKTH, Ta-danHbie apoMaranecKMe Macjia h TadamiHe occeHiļHH · Cnocodbi nojiyne-hhh npHeMJieMbix TadaqHbix BKCTpaKTOB πρΗΒθ,π,θΗΗ b naTeHTe ClilA F° 4506682 (MiojiJiep), eBponeficKHx naTeHTax F# 326370 η 338831 h 3aHBKe Ha naTeHT b CiilA F° 346042, noflaHHOtt 2 Man 1989 r., κοτορπβ yKa3aHH β,π,θοβ b KanecTBe cchjikh.
OdbraHO, no MeHbmeH Mepe, ο,π,ηη TadanHHii 9KCTpaKT yn,epEHBaeT-ch οοηοβοΜ cnrapeTH, BHnojiHeHHoM,corjiacHO HacTOHiņeMy H3odpeTeHHio, paBHOMepHo no Hape3aHH0My TadanHOMy HanoHHTejno, πρκ θτομ Tadan-Haa dyMara h $HJibTp MoryT dbiTb pacnojioEeHH r^e-Jindo eu^e BHyTpH CHrapeTLi. KpoMe τογο, TadanHHft OKCTpaKT μοεθτ dHTb BBefleH b ro-pionHft 9JieMeHT.
Bch AJiHHa KypHTeJibHoro KSfleJiHH hjih Kanan-Jindo ero nacTb μοεθτ dHTb oxBaneHa cnrapeTHoK dyMaroH. IIpeflnonTHTejibHHe dyMa-γη , κοτορΗθ oxBaTbiBaiOT TenjionpoBo.n.HHii 9JieMeHT, He aojiehh ,i!;onyc-KaTb βο3ηηκηοβθηηθ οτκρπτοΓο njiaMeHH b τβηθΗΗβ ynoTpedJieHHH Ky-pHTeJIbHOrO H3fleJIHH, flOJIEHH odJia^aTb jmpaBJIHΘΜΗΜΗ CBOHCTBaMH B ΟΤΗΟΠΙΘΗΗΗ ΤρθΗΗΗ, a TaKEe ftOJIEHH C03,II,aBaTb CepyK> 30Jiy. ΠρΚΜβρΗ LV 10373 23 cnrapeTHOii dyMara onncaHU b naTeHTe CUIA !f° 4779631 (Jļbiopoiiiep h Ap.) h eBponefiCKOM naTeHTe Jf° 304766. IIpneMJieMHe dyMajKHHe odepT-kh, MMeiomne odo3HaqeHHH PI98I-I52, PI98I-I24 η PI224-63, noc-TaBJiHiOTCfl φκρΜΟΗ KuMdepjiH-KjiapK Kopn. KoHUļeBaa dyMara μοκθτ οχ-BaTHBaTt caMHž KOHeq KypHTejibHoro H3,i]ļejiHH, ββοαημηΜ b ροτ. IIpu-eMJieme KOHi^eBHe dyMara BKJno^aioT b ceda HenopucTHe KOHiļeBHe dy-Marn, odpadoTaHHHe MaTepnajioM flJiH HenpnjmnaHHH κ rydaM, Jindo ,ripyrMMH MaTepnajiaMH, η3βθοτηημη cneiļHajiHCTaM.
OcodeHHO npeflnotiTHTejibHaH odepTKa ,e,jih KOHiļa ropmero ejie-MeHTa npeflnonTHTeJibHHx cnrapeT corjiacHO HacToameMy n3odpeTeHwo onnoaHa b oflHOBpeMeHHO Haxo,iļHmencH Ha paccMO τρβΗΗΗ 3aaBKe Ha hmh BepHeca η flp., IT» 39160 flOKjftieHTa naTeHTHoro noBepeHHoro, osarjiaBJieHHoM "ΚΥΡΜΤΕΛΒΗΟΕ M3^EJIME C yj]y*HH0iĪ OSEPTKOft", no-AaHHOH 28 aBrycTa 1990 r. OnncaHHaH TaM odepTKa, KOTopaa oxBa-THBaeT, no MeHbiueH Mepe, nacTb H30JiHpyiomero MaTepnajia BOKpyr ropionero BJieMeHTa, οο,ηβρκΗτ BHCOKonopncTyip dyMary, odpadoTaH-Hyio saMeflJiHTejieM ropeHHH b KOJin^ecTBe, AOCTaTOHHOM fljia πρβ,π,οτ-BparneHHH BbiropaHHH cymeCTBeHHoro KOJin^ecTBa iļejijnojio3Horo coflep-ϊκημογο 6yMarH b Te^erae KypeHna. Πρη θτομ coxpaHaeTca iļeaocT-HOCTb nepeflHero KOHiļa cnrapeTbi b τβΜβΗΗθ ee ynoTpedjieHHH. 3īa 3aHBKa npuBe^eHa 3flecb Jinnib b natiecTBe ccbijikh.
Hnace HacToamee H3odpeTeHne dy,n;eT npoHJunocTpHpoBaHO co cchji-KaMH Ha npHBefleHHtie flajiee npHMepH, KOToptie noMoryT ποηητβ cyTb Η3θβρθτθΗΗΗ, ho κοτορΗβ He npe^noJiaraiOT HajiOKeHHe Ha Hero KaKHX jmdo orpaHHneHHM. Ecjih He yKa3aH0 nnatie, to Bce npoiļeHTHHe BeJiH tīHHH, KOTOpbie ΠρΚΒΘ,Π,βΗΗ, npeflCTaBJIHIOT COdOH BeCOBbie npOIļeHTH. Bce TeMnepaTypH BBipaflteHH b rpaflycax IJejibCHH.
ΠΡΜΜΕΡ I
CnrapeTH, $aKTnnecKn TaKHe, κοτορΗβ npe^CTaBJieHH Ha pnc. I, dHJIH M3r0T0BJieHH CJie,DyiOmHM 06pa30M. Ū3roTOBJieHne HCTonHHKa ropenna B IļeaOM Ι^ΗΙΗΗ,ΙφΜηβΟΚΜΗ ΓΟρίΟηΗίί ΘΛΘΜβΗΤ flJIHHOH 9 MM H flHa-ΜβτροΜ 4,5 mm h HMeiomH# KajKymyiocH (od,BeMHyK)) naoTHOCTb nopa^Ka 1,02 γ/cm3, H3roTOBJieH H3 72' tiacTeft yrjiepoln1a, nojiyyeHHoro H3 24
nyjibnbi ΤΒθρ,π,Βΐχ πορο,π, jnpeBecHHH, HMeromero nac-raiņa co cpeflHHM flHaMeTpoM nopiiflKa 12 ΜΗκροΗ, nopnflKa 20 tiacTeM nepeMemaHHoii TačanHoft nbuiH BepjiH, noflBeprmeftcH βηθοθ30ηηοη $epMeHTaiļHH h OpHSHTHpOBaHHOH, īipH 3T0M nbIJIb HM68T MēJIKOCTb npH6jIH3HTeJIbHO b 200 eflHHim no Taftjiepy, h 8 nacTeft CBH3yioinero BemecTBa Tep-Kyjiec 7HF CMC. ypjiepoA H3 nyJibnH TBepflux nopofl .ņpeBecHHH M3roTaBJiHBaeTCH nocpeflCTBOM KapčoHH3aiļHH He coflepjKaiņero TajībKa copTa Kpa$T-(5y-Marn TpaHfl llpepu KaHa^K3H H3 TH®ejiHx πορο,π, .npeBecnHH πο,π, cjioeM a30Ta, co CTyneHnaTbiM ποββπιιθηηθμ TeMnepaTypn, #ocTaToqHbiM f\m οβθ,ιι,θημη K- MMHHMyMy okhcjiohhh 6yMara, pp OKOHnaTejibHoii τθμπθ-paīypbi KapdoHH3aann nopn^Ka 750°C. IIojiyneHHHM yrjiepo1n,HbiM MaTe-pnaji oxjia}p,aeTCH πο,ς ,n,eftCTBHeM a30Ta po TeMnepaTypH μθηθθ 35°C, a 3aTeM H3MeJibnaeTCH b tohkhh ποροπιοκ co cpeflHHM flHaiieTpOM nac- THIļ, COCTaBJIHIOIIiHM 12 MHKpOH.
KapTOH H3 TBepflbix πορο,π, flpeBecHHH b BHfle MejiKoro noponiKa nepeMeniHBaeTCH c TaČanHOft πηλμο, CBH3yiomnM W3 HaTpHeBoM KapdoK-CHMeTHJIIļeJIJIIOJI03bI H flOCTaTOtiHHM KOJIHneCTBOM ΒΟ,Π^Ϊ flJIH C03flaHHH CMecn, HMeioinHH πλοτηηη, TecToo(5pa3Hbifi BHfl.
TonjīHBHbie 3JieM6HTH BblflaBJIHBaiDTCH ΠΟΟρβ,Π,ΟΤΒΟΜ HCn0JIb30BaHMfl nJiyH?KepHoro 3KCTpy,n,epa H3 nacTH TaKHM o<5pa30M, īito6h οηη ημθλμ 5 paBHOOTCTOflnņix flpyr ot ,npyra nepM$epMMHbix KaHajioB β βη,π,θ npo-pe3efi mjīh KaHaBOK, KajKflan H3 κοτορπιχ ημθθτ rJiy<5HHy nopn^Ka 0,032 flioiiMa h mnpHHy nopHflKa 0,016 flioKMa. KoH$HrypaiņiH KaHajiOB, koto-pne προχο^πτ b npoflOJibHOM HanpaB jiθηηη nepe3 ropatinM θλθμθητ, no-Ka3aHa Ha pncyHKe IB.
IlojiyneHHoe 3KCTpy3nefi η3^θληθ ocyuiaeTCH Ha B03^yxe flJin nojiy-πθηηη ynpyroro npeflMeTa, κοτορΗΗ pa3pe3aeTCH Ha οτρβ3ΚΗ flJiHHoft 9 MM, ΠρΗ 3T0M nOJiy^aiOTCH ΓΟρίΟΠΗΘ 3ΛΘΜΘΗΤΗ.
Μ3ΓΟΤΟΒΛΘΗΗΘ OCHOBH
OcHOBa npeflCTaBJineT co6oh ynjiοτηθηηημ MaTepnaji H3 OTflejibHbix yacTHij, cojo.epffiamHM 45 nacTeft cneneHHoro ajib$a-ajiK)MHHHH D2-2600, nocTaBJineMoro b nopoinKOO(5pa3HOM βη,π,θ φκρΜΟβ y.P.rpefic sha Ko. h HMeiomero cpeflHHK flHaMeTp nacraiļ 15 ΜΗκροΗ, 15 tiacTeft yrjiepoflHO-ro noponiKa co cpeflHHM αηθμθτρομ tjacTHiļ 15 ΜκκροΗ, 10 nacTeS CMe-maHHOii Ta6anHOM nbiJiH c MejiKOCTbio πρη(5λη3ητθλβηο b 200 eflHHHiļ no LV 10373 25
Taitaepy, 19 tiacTefi rJiHiļepnHa η I tiacTb apoMaTH^ecKnx ΒβιςβοτΒ. OcHOBa coa.n.aeTCH BHn,aBJinBaHH6M nacTH, οοοτοΗΐηβΚ H3 BtnueyKa3aH-ΗΟίί Κ0ΜΠ03Η11ΜΗ, Ha dBICTpO ΒρβίςβΒΐφϊβΟΗ flHCK, ^TO ΠρΗΒΟ,Ε,ΗΤ K 0(5-pa30BaHMio He6ojibninx mepoxoBaTbix e$epHyecKHX mapHKOB H3 MaTepna-Jia OCHOBbl. 3īOT npoiļecc H yCTpOHCTBO flJIH ΘΓΟ BHnOJIHeHHH npHBe- ,π,θηη b naTeHTe GfllA $ 4893639 (yaftī). riaTpoHHHii y3eji ŪOJIBlft MeTajIJIHtieCKHK ΚΟΗΤΘΜΗβρ H3rOTaBJIHBaeTCH H3 aJIIOMHHHH c Hcnojib30BaHMeM npoijecca bbithjkkh MeTajiJia. ΚοητθΚηθρ ημθθτ .eļjih—
Hy nopHflKa 30 mm, HapyscHHM flHaMeTp nopn^Ka 4>6 mm h BHyTpeHHHH flHaMeTp nopnflKa 4,4 mm. ΟβΗΗ KOHeiļ KOHTeftHepa οτκρΒίτ, a flpyroft ynjioTHeH, 3a HCKJiicmeHHeM ,n,Byx npope3eodpa3HBix OTBepcTHft, pa3Mep κοτορΒΚ cocTaBJineT 0,65x3,45 η κοτορΒίΘ otctoht ,npyr OT-ffpyra Ha paCCTOHHHH I,I4mm. B KOHTeMHep 3arpy«aeTCH nopn^Ka 340 μγ ochobbi. 3aTeM b ot-κρΒίτΒίΜ KOHTefiHep Ha rjiydHHy nopina 2 mm BCTaBJineTCH γορκμηΜ ΘΛβΜΘΗΤ. ΓορίΟ^ΙΗΗ ΘΛΘΜΘΗΤ, KaK TaKOBOft ΠρΟΧΟ,Ε,ΗΤ ΓφΗΜΘρΗΟ Ha 7 MM 3a οτκρΒίτΒίΚ KOHetļ KOHTeiiHepa. M3OJIHIļH0HHaH OČOJIOtiKa
HjiacTHKOBan Tpy<5na ,π,ληηοΚ 15 mm η βΗβΜβτροΜ 4,5 mm odepTH-B'aeTCH MaTepnajioM H30JiHpyiomefi odojiomtK, flJiHHa κοτοροΑ Tarae coc-TaBJineT 15 mm. B 3thx BapnaHTax ocyiEļecTBJieHHH cnrapeT H3ojmpyio-man odoJio^Ka coctoht H3 2-x cjioeB Ο-οτθκληηηογο MaTa 0y3Hc Kop- ΗΗΗΓ, KaHCflBlft H3 ΚΟΤΟρΒΙΧ ΗΜΘβΤ TOJIIIļHHy nopflftKa I MM flO . CMtaTHH ManiHHOH fljin odpa30BaHHH odojiotiKH, a nocjie 3τογο hx TOjrapiHa coc-TaBJineT 0,6 mm. Me»fly flByMfl cjiohmh C-CTeKJia HaxoflHTCH o^hh jihct npeo6pa30BaHHoK Tadatmoft dyMara tojiihhhoM 0,13 mm, a BTopoi* jihct npeo6pā30BaHHOft TadatiHoft dyMarn TOJimHHoft 0,13 mm noKpBiBaeT Ha-py3KHBiK cjioh H3 CTeKJia. JIhct npeo6pa30BaHHOM Tada^iHoM dyMarH, odo3HaqeHHBiH P2674-I57 h nocTaBJiHeMHii KuMdepjiH-KjiapK Kopn., npefl-CTaBJineT codoK dyMaroodpa3HBift jihct, coflepKa^Hž nepeMemaHHBift Ta-6aumfi 3KCTpaKT. lllHpHHa npeodpa30BaHHBix TadaxiHBix jihctob flo φορ-MHpOBaHHH cocTaBJineT 19 mm fiJiH BHyTpeHHero jiHCTa h 26,5 mm fljifl Hapy?KHoro jiHCTa. OKOH^aTeJibHHH ,π^Μβτρ 3aKJiioxieHHOH B odojiotiKy nJiacTHKOBOū TpydKH cocTāBJiHeT 7,5 mm. 26
Ta6axiHHM poJiHK
Ta6aqHHū pojiHK, οοοτοπιςΗίί H3 pa3HeceHHofi no odī>eMy CMecH Bepjra, noflBepraeMoro BHeceaoHHOfi <|>epMeHTaijHn μ. ορηθητηροβεηηογο Hape3aHHoro Ta6atjHoro HanojiHHTejiH, odepTHBaeTCH b dyMary, odo3-HaqaeMyio PI487-I25 h nocTaBJiHeMyio KuMdepjiH-KjiapK Kopn., npn stom o6pa3yeTCH Tadannufi pojiHK ,π,ιΐΒΜβτροΜ nopn^Ka 7,5 mm h ^jihhom no-pflflKa 22 mm. CM.3aHBKy Ha naTeHT b CI11A # 07/505,339, noflaHHyio 5 anpeJifl 1990 r., othochiictioch κ npeflnonTHTejibHOMy npoiļeccy no'jiy-neHHH pa3HeceHHoro no odBeMy Tadana.
Πθρβ,ζΗΗΗ ΚΟΗΙίΘΒΟίί y3eJI ynacTOK H30jmpyiomeH otfojiomtH h TadaqHHH CTepsceHb οοθ^ηηθηη ipyr c flpyroM nocpeiCTBOM 6yMajKHoM οόθρτκη, odo3HaqaeMoft P2674-190 h nocTaBJineMOM KnMdepJin-KjiapK Kopn., KOTOpan 0XBaTHBaeT no ,π,λμηθ ynacTOK odojiomcH H3 Tadana-cTeicJia, a Tāme oxBaTHBaeT Ta-datiHHH POJIHK. 3axOflHIIļHii B ροτ. ΚΟΗΘΙ1 TadatIHOrO pOJIHKa CBepJIHTCH fljm C03,ū;aHHfl προχοβΗΐρχ nepe3 ηθγο npoiOJībHHx KaHanoB, fluaMeTp κοτορ&ιχ cocTaBJineT 4,6 mm. Koh^hk CBepjia βηποληθη τβκμμ odpaeoM, TļTOdti oh βχοαηλ b njiacTHKOByio Tpydny b H30Jinpyiomeft odojiotnce h conpHKacaJicH c HeK. riaTpoHHbift y3eji BCTaBJineTCH c nepeiHero koh-ϋβ. odBeflHHeHHbDc Hi30JiHpyiomeM odojiotinn h Tadatmoro pojinna ο,π,ΗΟΒρβ-ΜβΗΗο c τθμ, Korfla CBepjio h 3anenjieHHan njiacTUKOBan TpydKa otbo-flHTCH H3 KOHiļa pojimca, 3axoiHmero b ροτ. naTpoHHHii y3eji bboahtch flo τθχ nop, nona aaacuraeMHH KOHeq ropioqero 9JieMeHTa He dy#eT bh-ρΟΒΗβΗ C nepejļHHM KOHUļOM K30JIHpyK)meH OdOJIO^KH. ĪIOJIHaH flJIMHa no-JiyqeHHoro nepe^Hero KOHiļeBoro y3Jia cocTaBJineT nopina 37 mm.
MyHflpiTyK Μγκρμτγκ BKMmaeT b cedfl iļHJiHH(npnqecKyio qacTb iJMHoft 20 mm, BbmojmeHHyio H3 HenjiOTHo codpaHHon TadanHOfi dyMarn, h iņuniHffpH-qecKyio tiacTb flJiHHofi 20 mm H3 codpaHHoro noJiOTHa, βηποληθηηογο H3 ηθτκβηογο nponmieHa, nojiyneHHoro pyTbeu b pacnjraBJieHHOM coc-TOHHHH, npn ΘΤΟΜ KaJKflHM H3 yKa3aHHbK MaTepHaJIOB BKJIIOnaeT b cedn Hapy®Hyio dyMascHyio odojionKy. Kaaman M3 qacTew CHadmeHa noipa3fle-JieHHblMH CTepJKHflMH, Η3Γ0Τ0ΒΛΘΗΗΗΧ ΠΟΟρθ,Π,ΟΤΒΟΜ HCn0JIb30BaHHH yC-
Tpo0CTBa, oimcaHHoro b naTeHTe CII1A IT° 4807809 (Ilpaftop h Ap.). LV 10373
IlepBaH nacTb ημθθτ ^naMeTp nopnflKa 7,5 mm h BtnioJiHeHa H3 HeiuioTHO codpaHHoro nojiOTHa TačanHOii 6yMarH, 0003HauaeM0ft pI440-GNA h nocTaBJifleMoM KHMdepjiH-KnapK Kopn.,.KOTopan OKpyrae-na 6yMa*HOfi 3aKynopHBaiomefi οόβρτκοβ, o6o3HatiaeMOft PI487-I84-2 m nocTaBJineMoii KHM6epjiH-2jiapK Kopn. BTopan qacTb-HMeeT flnaMeTp nopn^Ka 7,5 mm h BunojiHeHa H3 codpaHHoro nojiOTHa H3 HeTKaHoro nojmnponHJieHa, o6o3HatiaeMoro PP-I00 h nocTaBJineMOro KHMČepjm-KjiapK Kopn., κοτορυκ οκργτκΘΗ 6yMa®HOM 3aKynopHBaioiqeii οόβρτκοίί, o(5o3HatiaeMofi PI487-I84-2 h nocTaBJineMoii KnM(5epjiH-KjiapK Kopn. flBe nacTH ciļeHTpnpoBaHH b οοθβομ HanpaBJieHHH h npHMHKaiOT ,iļpyr κ #pyry τορι^ΜΗ, η οδ'Ββ,π,ΗΗβΗΗ ποορθ,ιι,οτβομ oxBaTa KajppM H3 nacTen 6yMa®HOM οδβρτκοίί, ΗΜβιοηβΚ o(5o3HaneHHe I-I377-I96 h nocTaBjiHeMoft Οκμποοη JleiiHa KoMnann, BnKc6ypr, MHnnraH. Antma MyHflmTyKa eocTaBJineT nopn^Ka 40 mm. OKOHnaTejibHafl cdopna cnrapera Πθρβ,π,ΗΗΗ KOHiļeBoi! y3eji coBnaflaeT no och h npHMtiKaeT no τορ-uy κ MyH,]ļniTyKy, TaK ητο κοητθηηθρηηη κοηθι; nepe^Hero κοηι1Θβογο y3Jia Haxo,iļHTCH b(5jih3h ot nacra MyH,iņnTyKa, βηποπηθηηομ H3 co6paH-hoM TaSanHon 6yMarn. Πβρβ,π,ΗΜΚ KOHiļeBOii y3eji nofleoeflHHeH κ MyHfl-ETyKy nocpeflCTBOM oxBaTa nacTH MyH,n1inTyKa h 5 mm nacTH nepe^nero KOHiļeBoro y3Jia, npuMHKaioinero κ MyH1ipTyKy, κοηι^θβοΜ 6yMaroH. ynoTpe6jieHHe Πρκ ynoTpe6jieHHH KypHnpīfi 3a«HraeT γορκήηη θπθμθητ 3a5Knraji-koh κ HatiMHaeTCH ropeHHe ropionero oJieMeHTa. KypHmnM BCTaBJineT KOHeiļ cnrapeTBi Me®fly ry6aMH h flejiaeT 3aTHmcy. Βη^ημβιη aspoeojib, ΗΜθίοιςΗΜ TadanHbiž apoMaT, BTHruBaeTCH Β'ροτ Kypnmero. ΠΡΗΜΕΡ 2
CnrapeTH, no cymecTBy Tāme, KOToptie npeflCTaBJieHH Ha pnc.I, 6hjih η3γοτοβλθηη cjieflyioniHM o6pa30M.
M3roTOBJieHne HCTonHHKa ropeHHH
Mctohhhk ropeHHH H3roTOBJieH TaK, Kax h b npHMepe I. Μ3γοτοβηθηηθ ochobh
OcHOBa HsroTOBJieHa TaK, KaK h b npHMepe I. 28
IlaTpoHHHM y3eji ΠατροΗΗΗΗ y3eji Η3ΓΟτοβλθη TaK, KaK h b npuMepe I. M30JiHpyK)maH odojiotnta
CodpaHHoe coneTaHHe ropionero 3JieMeHTa/KancyjiH odepTHBaeTCa Ha KOHiļe ropronero 3JieMeHTa MaTepnajioM H30JiHpyioineft odojionKH , ajih-Ha κοτοροΜ cocTaBJiHeT 15 mm. M30JinpyioinaH odoJiotiKa HatiHHaeTca b βη,π,θ MaTepnajia M3 2-x cjioeB, c nepBHM cjioeM H3 Ο-οτθκ,ιιηηηογο Ma-Ta 0y9HC ΚορΗΗΗΓ h BTOporo cjioh H3 npeodpa30BaHHoft TadanHoft dy-Mara. C-CTeKJiHHHHfi MaT pacnojiaraeTca ποΒβρχ TadanHoft dyMarn, na ηθμ pa3MenļaeTCH naTpoHHHft y3ejr. OdojionKa odpa30BaHa crnipajībHofi HaMOTKoft ,n,Byx cjioeB BOKpyr iraTpoHHoro y3Jia Βρο,π,β "Keseo^pasHoro CBepTKa". Οκοη^τθλβηημ fluaMeTp 3aKJiK)tieHHoro b odojiotncy ropiotiero OJieMeHTa cocTaBJiaeT nopa^aa 7,5 mm.
TadanHHfl pojiMK
TadatiHbiii pojma coctoht H3 pa3HeeeHH0ft no ο6ί>θμυ ομθοη Bepjin, noflBeprHyToro BHece30HH0ffi $epMeHTaiAiH h opHeHTaiļHH Hape3aHHoro TadanHoro HanoJīHHTeJia, odepHyToro b dyMary, o6o3HanaeMyio PI487-125 h nocTaBJifleMyio KHMdepjiH-Kjiapa Κορπ., πρη θτομ odpa3yeTca Ta-datiHHH cTepaceHb c A^aMeTpOM nopa^aa 7,5 mm h ajikhom nopa^aa 22 mm. Ββθ,ιι,θηηθ 30Hfla b oflHH KOHeiļ TadanHoro CTepjKHa odecnenHBaeT noay-neHHe npofloabHoro aaHaaa ^naMeTpoM 4,5 mm, Hflymero nepe3 Tadati-hh8 CTepKeHb.
IlepeflHnM KOHijeBOft y3ea
KoHTeiiHepHaa nacTb H3oanpoBaHHoro naTpoHHoro y3Jia BBOAHTca b KaHaa b TadanHOM pojmae ķo τεχ nop, noaa H30Jmpyiomaa odojionaa He (5yfleT npHMBiaaTb κ 0flH0My KOHtļy TadatiHoro CTepjKHa. 3aTeM odep-HyTbiM ytiacTOK'H3aHpyioņeK odoaotiKH h TadatiHHM CTepsceHb οοθ^ηηβιοτ-ca #pyr c ,npyroM nocpeACTBOM dyMaKHOH odepTKH, odo3HanaeMOft P2674-I90 h nocTaBJiaeMOft KHMdepjm-Kjiapa Kopn., KOTopaa 0XBaTH-BaeT ynacTOK odojionau H3 CTeajia-Tadaaa, a Taa?Ke tjacTb TadatiHoro CTepjKHa. ftunHa nojiytieHHOft nepe^Heii aorajeBOH cdopaw cocTaBJiaeT nopa^Ka 37 mm. LV 10373 29 ΜγΗ,π,ιπτγκ
MyHflmTyK BKJironaeT b cedfl 20 mm iļHJiHH,iypHqecKyK) nacTb H3 HeiuioTHO codpaHHon Tada^iHOM dyMarH h 20 mm iļHJiHH,iļpHqecKyio qacTb codpaHHoro nojiOTHa H3 HeTKaHoro noJiHnpomuieHa, nojiyqeH-ηογο ^TbeM pacnjiaBa, πρκχίβΜ KajK^an H3 hhx BKJiionaeT b cedn HapyKHyio dyMa®Hyio odepTKy. KajK^an H3 nacTeft CHadmeHa noflpa3-fleJieHHHMH CTepJKHHMH, Μ3Γ0Τ0ΒΛβΗΗΗΜΗ nOCpeflCTBOM HCI10JIb30BaHHH ycTpoiiCTBa, onHcaHHoro b naTeHTe CICA 4807809 (īlpaftop h ,πρ.). llepBaH TjacTb ^HaMeipoM 7,5 mm pdpa30BaHa'H3 codpaHHoro nojiOTHa TadanHoft 6yMarw, HMeiomeK odo3HaqeHMe PI440- GHA h noGTaBJifleMoi! Khm6epjm-KjiapK Kopn., KOTopan 0XBaneHa 6yMa®Hoii 3aKynopHBaromeH odepTKoft, ΗΜβιο^βκ odo3HaneHHe PI487-I84-2 h nocTaBJiHeMOii KHMdepjiH-KjiapK Kopn. BTopan nacTb ημθθτ ,π,ηβμθτρ nopina 7,5 mm h o6pa30Bana H3 codpaHHoro nojiOTHa HeTKaHoro noJiHnponHJieHa, MMeiomero odo3Hane-ηηθ PP-IOO h nocTaBJineMoro KnM(5epjin-KjiapK Kopn., oxBaTHBaeMoro 6yMaEH0M 3aKynopHBaioiEieH odepTKoft, ημθκ^θμ odo3HaneHMe PI487-184-2 h nocTaBjmeMOft' KHMdepjiH-KjiapK Kopn. Λβθ qacTn coBnaflaioT no och h npnMbiKaioT ropyr κ ,npyry τορικίΜΗ, npnqeM ohh ofaeRmem nyīeM oxBaTa KajK^on nacra no fiJiHHe dyMa?K-HOiļ οββρτκοΚ, odo3HaqaeMoft I-I377-I96 h nocTaBJineMOM Οημποοη lieto KoMnaHH, Bhkcdypr, MnnnraH. Jļmma ιφιρβτγκΆ cocTaBJiHeT nopflflKa 40 mm. OKOHnaTeJibHan cdopKa cnrapeTbi
Ilepe.n.HHft κοηι^θβοΜ y3eji βηροβηθη no och c MyHrtiliiiTyKOM h npn-MbiKaeT κ HeMy no Topny, Tax ητο κοητθμηθρηβιη κοηθι} πβρβ,π,ΗβΓΟ κοηι1θβογο y3Jia ηθχοαητοη BdjiH3H ot nac.TH MyHftmTyKa, βηπο,πηθη-H0ft-H3 codpaHHoK TadanHoii dyMara. nepeflHHfi κοηι1θβομ y3eji nofl-coeAHHHeTCH κ nyHflpiTyĶy. nocpeflCTBOM oxBaTa MyiŅpTyKa no ero fljiHHe h 5 mm ynacTKa nepe^Heii κοΗΐίθΒοίί cdopKH, Haxo1n1HiEļeHCH BdJiH3H ot MyH,ipTyKa, KOHiļeBoiļ dyMaroK. ynoTpedJieHHe
npH ynoTpedjieHHH cnrapeTH KypHnļHw sajKHraeT ropronHft snemm 3a®HrajiK0ii h HanHHaeTCH ropeHHe ropionero 3JieMeHTa. KypHDļHM 30 BCTaBJineT κοηθι* cnrapeTH Me3Kfly ry6 m ^ejiaeT 3aTHJKKy. Βη^μηΚ a3po30Jib, MMerapift Ta6aqHbiK apoMaT, βτηγμβ36τοη b ροτ Kypflinero.
HacTOflUļee Η3θ6ρθτβΗΗβ onHcaHO flOCTaTO^HO πο,ίφοδΗΟ, BKJiio^aH npeflnotiTHTeJibHtie BapHaHTH ero ocymecTBJieHHH. O^Hano ο^βΒΗβΗΟ, χιτο KBajiH$HiļHpoBaHHue cneiņīajiHCTH Ha οοηοβθ npeflCTaBJieHHoro OIlHCaHHfl MOryT BHIIOJIHHTb MOflK$HKaipiH HJĪH yCOBepmeHCTBOBaHHH 3τογο Η30(5ρβτθΗΗΗ <5e3 οτκΛΟΗβΗΗΗ οτ ero cymecTBa η otfbeMa, κο-τορκβ onpe^ejieHH β πρηβθ,ε,θηηοΚ ηηκθ $opMyjie Η30(5ρβτβΗΗΗ.

Claims (10)

  1. LV 10373 Fatentformulas punkti 1. Smēķējamais izstrādājums ar karsējošo elementu un izolējošo apvalku apkārt vismaz daļai karsējošā elementa ārējās virsmas, kas atšķiras ar to, ka izolējošais apvalks satur vismaz divus dažādus atsevišķus slāņus, pie kam vismaz viens slānis izveidots no šķiedraina izolējošā materiāla un vismaz viens slānis izveidots no tabaku saturoša materiāla. ca u o £ 1 F 3 o
  2. 2. Smēķējamais izstrādājums pēo punkta 1, kas ar to, ka izolējošais apvalks satur vismaz divus šķiedrainā izolējošā materiāla slāņus.
  3. 3. Smēķējamais izstrādājums pēo punkta 2, kas atšķiras ar to, ka šķiedrainā izolējošā materiāla slānis satur tabaku.
  4. 4. Smēķējamais izstrādājums pēo punkta 2, kas atšķiras ar to, ka izolējošais apvalks satur vismaz divus tabaku saturoša materiāla slāņus. 1
  5. 5. Smēķējamais izstrādājums pēo punkta 4, kas atšķiras ar to, ka vismaz viens tabaku BaturošaiB materiāla Blānis izveidots loksnes veidā.
  6. 6. Smēķējamais izstrādājums pēo punkta 5, kas atšķiras ar to, ka tabaku saturošā materiāla loksne ievietota starp diviem šķiedrainā izolējošā materiāla slāņiem.
  7. 7. Smēķējamais izstrādājums pēo punkta 6, kas atšķiras ar to, ka abi tabaku saturošā materiāla elāņi izveidoti loksnes veidā
  8. 8. Smēķējamais izstrādājums pēo punkta 6, kaB atšķiras ar to, ka šķiedrainais izolējošais materiāls ir Btikla šķiedra.
  9. 9. Smēķējamais izstrādājums pēo punkta 6, kas atšķiras ar to, ka izolējošā apvalka tabaku saturošā materiāla un stikla šķiedras slāņi pamīšus izvietoti ap karsējošo elementu.
  10. 10. Smēķējamais izstrādājums pēo jebkura iepriekšējā punkta, kas atšķiras ar to, ka karsējošais elements satur oglekli. 2
LVP-93-838A 1990-08-29 1993-06-30 Smoking article LV10373B (en)

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US07/576,751 US5065776A (en) 1990-08-29 1990-08-29 Cigarette with tobacco/glass fuel wrapper

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HU912785D0 (en) 1992-01-28
MX173610B (es) 1994-03-17
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NO174871C (no) 1994-07-27
AU633793B2 (en) 1993-02-04
FI914046A0 (fi) 1991-08-28
KR0175143B1 (ko) 1999-02-18
ECSP910768A (es) 1992-05-25
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CZ289554B6 (cs) 2002-02-13
BG62548B2 (bg) 2000-02-29
JP3262351B2 (ja) 2002-03-04
CN1030277C (zh) 1995-11-22
NO913377L (no) 1992-03-02
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US5065776A (en) 1991-11-19
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