LU103059B1

LU103059B1 - Intelligent and amount-variable fertilizing apparatus for large-particle fertilizers

Info

Publication number: LU103059B1
Application number: LU103059A
Authority: LU
Inventors: Jie Li
Original assignee: The Inst Of Applied Ecology Chinese Academy Of Sciences
Priority date: 2022-01-25
Filing date: 2023-01-13
Publication date: 2023-07-13
Also published as: CN114424699A; CN114424699B

Abstract

The invention relates to an intelligent and amount-variable fertilizing apparatus for large-particle fertilizers, which includes a walking mechanism, a contact mechanism, a fertilizing mechanism and a controller, a storage box for storing large-particle fertilizer is disposed on the walking mechanism and communicated with the fertilizing mechanism; two tracks are fixedly connected perpendicularly to a side wall of the walking mechanism; the contact mechanism includes a first sliding plate slidably connected to each track, a diameter measurer disposed on the first sliding plate, and a first driving unit to drive the first sliding plate to slide along each track, the diameter measurer electrically connected to the controller; the fertilizing mechanism configured to drill fertilizing holes and discharge the large-particle fertilizer to the fertilizing holes, and the controller is electrically connected to the fertilizing mechanism and controls the amount of the large-particle fertilizer to the fertilizing holes by the fertilizing mechanism.

Description

C72P5LU 03.01.2023

INTELLIGENT AND AMOUNT-VARIABLE FERTILIZING APPARATUS FOR

LARGE-PARTICLE FERTILIZERS LUT03059

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of intelligent agricultural machinery equipment, and more particularly to an intelligent and amount-variable fertilizing apparatus for large-particle fertilizers.

BACKGROUND

[0002] Orchard management includes many production links such as planting. fertilization. irrigation. pruning. and control of pests and diseases. among which, fertilization of fruit trees is a critical and necessary orchard management process. With the continuous development of agricultural technologies, fertilizing machines are increasingly being used to fertilize truit trees in modern orchards. However, some of the existing fertilizing machines can only be used to perform mechanical ditching or digging operations, but cannot complete the fertilizing operation without the aid of fruit farmers, which prevents fixed-point quantitative control of the fertilizer amount and complete liberation of labor force, resulting in low fertilizing efficiency and high cost.

[0003] The prior art CN 108770421 B discloses a fixed-point quantitative intelligent fertilizing machine. including a bracket. a diesel driving system mounted on the bracket. a crawler-type walking chassis mounted below the bracket and connected to the diesel driving system in a driving manner. an operating console. a driver's seat, and a fertilizing machine mounted at the front end of the bracket and connected to the diesel driving system in a driving manner. The fixed-point quantitative intelligent fertilizing machine is characterized in that the front end of the bracket is articulated with a supporting hook frame, the fertilizing machine is mounted on the supporting hook frame, and a lifting cylinder which is configured to drive the supporting hook frame to ascend and descend is mounted between the supporting hook frame and the bracket: a tree contact switch which is connected to the diesel driving system and configured to control the lifting cylinder to extend and retract is mounted on a side edge of the bracket: a fertilizing switch which is connected to the diesel driving system and configured to control the fertilizing machine to be turned on and off is mounted at the front end of the bracket: and in an initial state. the lifting cylinder is fully extended, and the supporting hook frame and the fertilizing machine are in a highest position.

AA

[0004] When the tree contact switch touches a tree, the lifting cylinder is controlled to retract to drive the supporting hook frame and the fertilizing machine to descend. and the supporting 195959 hook frame descends to a lowest position to press the fertilizing switch when the lifting cylinder is completely retracted. thereby turning on the fertilizing machine for fertilization: and when the tree contact switch is disengaged from the tree, the lifting cylinder is controlled to extend to drive the supporting hook frame and the fertilizing machine to rise. and the supporting hook frame is disengaged from the fertilizing switch, thereby turning off the fertilizing machine and stopping fertilization.

[0005] The prior art improves the accuracy of fixed-point fertilization and the use efficiency of fertilizer by performing fixed-point quantitative fertilization on the locations of fruit trees.

[0006] However, in practice, because different fruit trees in an orchard have different sizes. applying the same amount of fertilizers to fruit trees of different sizes may cause insufficient fertility for larger fruit trees and excessive fertility for smaller fruits, resulting in fertilizer waste and even root burning of fruit trees.

SUMMARY

[0007] An object of the present invention is to provide an intelligent and amouni-variable fertilizing apparatus for large-particle fertilizers. in order to apply different amounts of fertilizers to fruit trees of different sizes.

[0008] In order to achieve the above object, the basic solution of the present invention is summarized as follows.

[0009] An intelligent and amount-variable fertilizing apparatus for large-particle fertilizers includes a walking mechanism, a contact mechanism, a fertilizing mechanism and a controiler. wherein

[0010] the walking mechanism includes a movable chassis that is in rolling contact with the ground, and a storage box configured to store a large-particle fertilizer is disposed on the movable chassis, and is communicated with the fertilizing mechanism through a conveying pipe: two tracks are horizontally disposed on the movable chassis, wherein one end of each track is perpendicular to a side wall, close to a fruit tree, of the movable chassis and is fixedly connected to the movable chassis. the other end of each track is a free end. and the contact mechanism and the fertilizing mechanism are sequentially disposed from the free end of cach track to a direction close to the movable chassis;

[0011] the contact mechanism includes a first sliding plate slidably connected to each track. a diameter measurer disposed on the first sliding plate and configured to measure a diameter of

C72P5LU LU 03.01.2023 the fruit tree. and a first driving unit configured to drive the first sliding plate to slide along each track. the diameter measurer being electrically connected to the controller: LU103059

[0012] the diameter measurer includes a horizontally arranged rectangular bottom box and a plurality of telescopic columns, wherein the bottom box is fixedly connected to the first sliding plate: the plurality of telescopic columns is arranged horizontally in sequence along a length direction of the rectangular bottom box, wherein one end of each telescopic column is located in the bottom box, the other end of the telescopic column is a free end extending out of the bottom box, and the free end of the telescopic column is provided with a micro switch: the controller is electrically connected to the micro switch to calculate a quantity of the triggered micro switches; and

[0013] the fertilizing mechanism is configured to drill fertilizing holes and discharge the large-particle fertilizer to the fertilizing holes. and the controller is electrically connected to the fertilizing mechanism and configured to, based on the quantity of the triggered micro switches. control the amount of the large-particle fertilizer discharged to the fertilizing holes by the fertilizing mechanism.

[0014] When the movable chassis is controlled to walk to align the bottom box with the fruit tree, the first driving unit is controlled to drive the first sliding plate to slide in a direction close to the fruit tree, such that the telescopic columns are in contact with the fruit tree: and when the telescopic columns are in contact with the fruit tree. the micro switches at the free ends of the telescopic columns are triggered. Due to different diameters of trunks of fruit trees of different sizes. the quantities of micro switches triggered when the telescopic columns arranged in sequence are in contact with the trunks of different diameters are different. and thus, the diameter of the fruit tree can be estimated based on the quantity of the triggered micro switches.

The controller controls, based on the received quantity of the triggered micro switches. the amount of the large-particle fertilizer discharged by the fertilizing mechanism into the fertilizing holes. In this way. the amount of the fertilizer applied to larger fruit trees is larger. and the amount of the fertilizer applied to smaller fruit trees is smaller. thereby achieving the purpose of amount-variable fertilization based on the sizes of the fruit trees.

[0015] Further, the fertilizing mechanism includes a transverse plate disposed on each track. and a drilling unit configured to drill the fertilizing holes: the drilling unit includes a first vertical plate, a second vertical plate. a second motor, a hollow drill bit. and a third motor configured to drive the hollow drill bit to rotate: the second motor and the third motor are both electrically connected to the controller; the first vertical plate is fixedly connected to the transverse plate: the second vertical plate is slidably connected to the first vertical plate: a first eee

C72P5LU 03.01.2023 threaded hole is vertically formed in the second vertical plate; the second motor is fixediy connected to the first vertical plate: a first threaded rod which cooperates with the first threaded 0103059 hole is fixedly connected to an output shaft of the second motor: the hollow drill bit is vertically arranged: a rotating seat is fixedly connected to the second vertical plate, and the hollow drill bit is rotatably connected to the rotating seat; the third motor is fixedly connected to the second vertical plate, an output shaft of the third motor is upward vertically, and a first rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the third motor: a first gear is fixedly connected to the hollow drill bit. and a second gear that meshes with the first gear is fixedly connected to the first rotating shaft: and

[0016] an arc-shaped groove is formed in a side wall of a lower part of the hollow drill bit, and an arc-shaped plate is slidably connected into the arc-shaped groove: a first discharging hole and a second discharging hole are formed in the side wall of the hollow drill bit in an aligned manner. wherein the first discharging hole is a circular hole which communicates an inner cavity of the hollow drill bit with the arc-shaped groove, and the second discharging hole is a square hole which communicates the arc-shaped groove with an outer space of the hollow drill bit: a third discharging hole is formed in the arc-shaped plate; a baffle is fixedly connected perpendicularly to an outer wall of the arc-shaped plate: a first spring is disposed in the arc-shaped groove; and when the baffle is not pushed by an external force, the first spring forces the arc-shaped plate to slide in the arc-shaped groove to block the first discharging hole.

[0017] The controller controls the second motor to operate based on the calculated quantity of the triggered micro switches, such that the second vertical plate moves downward to determine a depth of the fertilizing hole drilled by the hollow drill bit. In the case that the quantity of the triggered micro switches is larger. the second motor operates to drive the second vertical plate to move downward by a longer distance; and in the case that the quantity of the triggered micro switches is smaller, the second motor operates to drive the second vertical plate to move downward by a shorter distance: and the third motor operates to drive the hollow drill bit to rotate for drilling. When the second vertical plate moves downward to a certain depth. the controller controls the second motor and the third motor to operate reversely to drive the hollow drill bit to move upward away from the soil.

[0018] Further, the fertilizing mechanism further includes an amount-variable discharge unit: the amount-variable discharge unit includes a fixed seat, an upper discharge pipe. a lower discharge pipe. a piston and a cylindrical cam, wherein the upper discharge pipe. the lower discharge pipe and the cylindrical cam are arranged to be coaxial with the hollow drill bit. respectively: the lower part of the lower discharge pipe is located in the hollow drill bit, the

C72P5LU _ 03.01.2023 upper part of the lower discharge pipe extends upward vertically out of the hollow drill bit. and the lower end of the lower discharge pipe is configured in a curved arc shape. such that a lower 03059 end port of the lower discharge pipe is in sealing communication with the first discharging hole: the fixed seat is fixedly connected to the second vertical plate: a first through hole is vertically formed in the fixed seat. and the upper end of the lower discharge pipe is located in the first through hole and is rotatably connected to the fixed seat:

[0019] the lower end of the upper discharge pipe is located in the first through hole and is fixedly connected to the fixed seat, and the upper end of the upper discharge pipe is a tree end: a feeding hole is formed in a side wall of the upper discharge pipe. and the lower end port of the conveying pipe is in sealing communication with the feeding hole: a vertical groove is formed in an inner wall of the upper discharge pipe opposite to the feeding hole; an arc-shaped elastic sheet which protrudes toward the feeding hole is disposed in the vertical groove: the upper end of the arc-shaped elastic sheet is fixedly connected to the vertical groove. and the lower end of the elastic sheet is a free end: the inner wall of the upper discharge pipe is provided with an inner spline. and an outer spline which cooperates with the inner spiine is disposed on the piston. such that the piston is slidably connected to the inner wall of the upper discharge pipe: and

[0020] a fixed plate is fixedly connected to the second vertical plate, and the upper end of the cylindrical cam is rotatably connected to the fixed plate: a connecting rod is fixedly connected vertically to the upper end of the piston. wherein the upper end of the connecting rod is provided with a sliding column which is slidably connected to a spiral groove of the cylindrical cam: the upper part of the cylindrical cam is fixedly connected to a third gear: a second rotating shatt which is disposed to be coaxial with the first rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the fixed plate, and a fourth gear that meshes with the third gear 1s fixedly connected to the second rotating shaft; the second rotating shaft is connected to the first rotating shaft through an electromagnetic clutch; and the electromagnetic clutch is electrically connected 10 the controller.

[0021] The large-particle fertilizer entering the upper discharge pipe from the conveving pipe cannot fall down into the lower discharge pipe under the block of the arc-shaped elastic sheet.

The controller controls the hollow drill bit to rotate upward and drill the fertilizing holes, while controlling the electromagnetic clutch to be closed. The cylindrical cam rotates under the gear transmission to make the piston slide vertically in the upper discharge pipe. As the piston slides vertically in the upper discharge pipe. the arc-shaped elastic sheet is pressed to extend into the vertical groove. The large-particle fertilizer from the lower end port of the conveying pipe is fed into the lower discharge pipe as the piston moves downward: and meanwhile. the piston blocks the lower end port of the conveying pipe. When the piston moves upward over the lower end port of the conveying pipe. the arc-shaped elastic sheet bounces up again to prevent che 103059 large-particle fertilizer at the lower end port of the conveying pipe from falling into the lower discharge pipe. and a piece of fertilizer is conveyed to the lower discharge pipe when the piston moves vertically in the upper discharge pipe once.

[0022] The deeper the fertilizing hole drilled by the hollow drill bit is, the more the turns rotated by the cylindrical cam are, the more the times the piston moves vertically in the upper discharge pipe repeatedly, and the larger the amount of the large-particle fertilizer discharged into the lower discharge pipe by the conveying pipe is. and vice versa.

[0023] After controlling the hollow drill bit down to a predetermined depth based on the quantity of the triggered micro switches, the controller controls the second motor and the third motor to rotate reversely. and meanwhile controls the disengagement of the clectromagnetic clutch. In this case, the hollow drill bit moves upwards while rotating reversely, but the cylindrical cam does not rotate, and the piston cannot slide vertically.

[0024] Due to the soil in the fertilizing hole. when the hollow drill bit rotates reversely. the arc-shaped plate squeezes the first spring under the push of the soil to the baffle. such that the third discharging hole is aligned with the first discharging hole and the second discharging hole.

In this case, the large-particle fertilizer that has fallen into the lower end of the lower discharge pipe is thrown into the fertilizing hole. and the hollow drill bit rotates reversely to fill the soil into the fertilizing hole to cover the fertilizer.

[0025] Further, the two tracks are two I-beams which are arranged in parallel, and T-slots that cooperate with the upper parts of the I-beams are formed in the first sliding plate: the first driving unit includes a first motor which is arranged below the I-beams: the first motor is electrically connected to the controller, and is fixedly connected to the first sliding plate through a connecting plate; the first motor is a dual-output-shaft motor: a rack is fixedly connected to the lower surface of each I-beam: and a fifth gear that meshes with the rack is fixedly connected to each of output shafts at two ends of the first motor.

[0026] Further, the large-particle fertilizer has a diameter of 2 em to 10 em. and the inner diameters of the conveying pipe. the upper discharge pipe and the lower discharge pipe are all adapted to the large-particle fertilizer.

[0027] Further. the movable chassis is a crawler-type walking chassis. and a cab configured to manually operate the crawler-type walking chassis to walk is disposed on the crawler-tvpe walking chassis.

C72P5LU 03.01.2023

[0028] Compared with the prior art. the present invention at least has the following beneficial effects. LU103059

[0029] 1. According to the apparatus of the present invention. différent amounts of the fertilizer can be applied based on the sizes of fruit trees, such that the fertilizer can be distributed reasonably, waste and fruit tree root burning caused by excessive fertility for smaller fruit trees are effectively avoided, and yield reductions caused by insufficient fertilization for larger fruit trees are also avoided.

[0030] 2. According to this scheme, the depth of the drilled fertilizing hole is determined by detecting the diameter of the trunk of the fruit tree, such that the applied fertilizer is closer to the root, making the fertilizer more easily absorbed by the fruit tree.

[0031] 3. According to the present invention. the amount-variable discharge unit linked to the rotation of the drill bit is provided. such that the amount of the applied fertilizer can be automatically matched based on the drilling depth.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram in a front view direction according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram in a top view direction according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the cooperation between a first sliding plate and i-beams:

[0035] FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the cooperation between a first vertical plate and a second vertical plate:

[0036] FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the cooperation between a hollow drill bit and the second vertical plate:

[0037] FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of Part A in FIG. 5:

[0038] FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of Part B in FIG. 5.

[0039] FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the cooperation between the hollow drill bit and the second vertical plate in a left view direction;

[0040] FIG. 9 is an enlarged view of Part C in FIG. 8:

[0041] FIG. 10 is a state diagram showing the cooperation between an arc-shaped groove and an arc-shaped plate;

[0042] FIG. 11 is another state diagram showing the cooperation between the arc-shaped groove and the arc-shaped plate: and

[0043] FIG. 12 is a sectional view taken along A-A in FIG. 10.

C72P5LU LI 02.012093

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with het 103099 specific embodiments.

[0045] Reference numerals in the accompanying drawings of the Description include: crawler-type walking chassis 10. storage box 101, cab 102. [-beam 103. rack 104. conveying pipe 105, first sliding plate 201, bottom box 202, telescopic column 203, first motor 204, fitth gear 205. connecting plate 206, transverse plate 301, first vertical plate 302. second vertical plate 303. first threaded hole 3031, second motor 304, first threaded rod 3041. third motor 305. first rotating shaft 3051. second gear 3052, rotating seat 306, hollow drill bit 40, first gear 401. arc-shaped groove 402, arc-shaped plate 403. third discharging hole 4031. baffle 4032. first discharging hole 404, second discharging hole 405. first spring 406. fixed seat 501. first through hole 5011, feeding hole 5012, an upper discharge pipe 502. vertical groove 5021. arc-shaped elastic sheet 5022. lower discharge pipe 503. piston 504, cylindrical cam 505. third gear 5051, fixed plate 506, connecting rod 507, collar 5071. second rotating shaft 508, fourth gear 5081. electromagnetic clutch 5082, fruit tree 60. and large-particle fertilizer 70.

[0046] As shown in FIGs. 1 and 2, an intelligent and amount-variable fertilizing apparatus for a large-particle fertilizer 70 includes a crawler-type walking chassis 10. A cab 102 configured to manually control the crawler-type walking chassis 10 to walk and a storage box 101 configured to store the large-particle fertilizer 70 are disposed on the crawler-type walking chassis 10. The storage box 101 is filled with the large-particle fertilizer 70 with the same diameter. The crawler-type walking chassis 10 1s also provided with a controller and a mobile power supply.

[0047] The side wall of the crawler-type walking chassis 10 is provided with two tracks composed of two horizontally parallel I-beams 103. The two I-beams 103 are respectively perpendicular to the side wall of the crawler-type walking chassis. One end of each I-beam 103 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the crawler-type walking chassis 10. and the other end of the I-beam 103 is a free end. A first sliding plate 201 is disposed on the I-beam 103. As shown in FIG. 3, T-slots that cooperate with the upper parts of the two I-beams 103 are formed in the first sliding plate 201, and racks 104 are fixedly connected to the lower surfaces of the two

I-beams 103 along a length direction of the I-beams 103, respectively. À first motor 204 is disposed below the two I-beams 103. The first motor 204 is electrically connected to the mobile power supply and the controller, and is fixedly connected to the first sliding plate 201 through a connecting plate 206. The connecting plate 206 is vertically arranged. The upper end of the connecting plate 206 is fixedly connected to the first sliding plate 201, and the lower end of the connecting plate 206 is fixedly connected to the first motor 204. The first motor 204 is a

C72P5LU 03.01.2023 dual-output-shaft motor, and a fifth gear 205 that meshes with the rack 104 is fixedly connected to each of output shafts at two ends of the first motor 204. LU103059

[0048] As shown in FIGs. 1 and 2. a rectangular bottom box 201 is fixedly connected to the first sliding plate 201, and a plurality of telescopic columns 203 is arranged horizontally in sequence along a length direction of the rectangular bottom box 202, wherein one end of each telescopic column 203 is located in the bottom box 202 and fixedly connected to the bottom box 202. the other end of the telescopic column 203 is a free end extending out of the bottom box 202. and the free end of the telescopic column 203 is provided with a micro switch: and the controller is electrically connected to the micro switch to calculate the quantity of the triggered micro switches.

[0049] As shown in FIGs. 1, 2 and 5. a transverse plate 301 which is arranged horizontally is fixedly connected to the two lI-beams 103 located between the first sliding plate 201 and the crawler-type walking chassis 10. A first vertical plate 302 is fixedly connected to the transverse plate 301. a second vertical plate 303 is disposed on the first vertical plate 302. and both the first vertical plate 302 and the second vertical plate 303 are vertically arranged.

[0050] As shown in FIG. 4. a T-shaped sliding rail is vertically disposed on the second vertical plate 303. a T-shaped sliding groove that is in sliding cooperation with the T-shaped sliding rail on the second vertical plate 303 is formed in the first vertical plate 302. and a first threaded hole is vertically formed in the second vertical plate 303.

[0051] As shown in FIG. 5. a second motor 304 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the first vertical plate 302, an output shaft of the second motor 304 is arranged vertically downward. and a first threaded rod 3041 that cooperates with the first threaded hole 3031 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the second motor 304. À rotating seat 306 is fixediy connected to the second vertical plate 303. A hollow drill bit 40 configured to drill fertilizing holes is rotatably connected to the rotating seat 306. The hollow drill bit 40 is vertically arranged. A first gear 401 is fixedly connected to the hollow drill bit 40. A third motor 305 is fixedly connected to the second vertical plate 303. an output shaft of the third motor 305 is arranged vertically upward, a first rotating shaft 3051 is fixedly connected to the output shatt of the third motor 305. and a second gear 3052 that meshes with the first gear 401 is {ixedly connected to the first rotating shaft 3051. The hollow drill bit 40 rotates to drill the fertilizing holes by meshing the first gear 401 with the second gear 3052 as the third motor 305 operates. The second motor 304 and the third motor 305 are both electrically connected to the controller.

[0052] In combination with FIGs. 5, 10, 11 and 12. an arc-shaped groove 402 is formed in the side wall of the lower part of the hollow drill bit 40. and an arc-shaped plate 403 is slidably

C72P5LU 03.01.2023 connected into the arc-shaped groove 402. A first discharging hole 404 and a second discharging hole 405 are formed in the side wall of the hollow drill bit 40 in an aligned manner m 03059 wherein the first discharging hole 404 is a circular hole which communicates an inner cavity of the hollow drill bit 40 with the arc-shaped groove 402, and the second discharging hole 405 is a square hole which communicates the arc-shaped groove 402 with an outer space of the hollow drill bit 40. A third discharging hole 4031 which communicates the first discharging hole 404 with the second discharging hole 405 is formed in the arc-shaped plate 403. A baffle 4032 is disposed perpendicularly to an outer wall of the arc-shaped plate 403, wherein one end of the baffle 4032 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the arc-shaped plate 403, and the other end of the baffle 4032 extends out of the outer wall of the hollow drill bit 40 from the second discharging hole 405. but not beyond a spiral sheet on the hollow drill bit 40. A first spring 406 is disposed in the arc-shaped groove 402, wherein one end of the first spring 406 is fixedly connected to the hollow drill bit 40, and the other end of the first spring 406 is fixedly connected to the arc-shaped plate 403. An elasticity direction of the first spring 406 to the arc-shaped plate 403 is consistent with a thrust direction of the soil to the baffle 4032 when the hollow drill bit 40 drills the fertilizing hole. When the baffle 4032 is not pushed by an external force. the first spring 406 forces the arc-shaped plate 403 to slide in the arc-shaped groove 402 to block the first discharging hole 404.

[0053] The second vertical plate 303 is also provided with a fixed seat 501, an upper discharge pipe 502. a lower discharge pipe 503. a piston 504 and a cylindrical cam 505.

[0054] As shown in FIGs. 5, 6 and 7, the upper discharge pipe 502, the lower discharge pipe 503 and the cylindrical cam 505 are arranged to be coaxial with the hollow drill bit 40. The lower part of the lower discharge pipe 503 is located in the hollow drill bit 40. the upper part of the lower discharge pipe 503 extends upward vertically out of the hollow drill bit 40. and the lower end of the lower discharge pipe 503 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the hollow drill bit 40 and is configured in a curved arc shape. such that a lower end port of the lower discharge pipe 503 is in sealing communication with the first discharging hole 404. The fixed seat 501 is fixedly connected to the second vertical plate 303. À first through hole 5011 is verticallv formed in the fixed seat 501, and the upper end of the lower discharge pipe is located in the first through hole 5011 and is rotatably connected to the fixed seat 501.

[0055] The lower end of the upper discharge pipe 502 is located in the first through hole 5611 and is fixedly connected to the fixed seat 501. and the upper end of the upper discharge pipe 502 is a free end. A feeding hole 5012 is formed in a side wall of the upper discharge pipe 502. The storage box 101 is communicated with the feeding hole 5012 through a conveying pipe 105 and

C72P5LU 03.01.2023 configured to convey the large-particle fertilizer 70 into the upper discharge pipe 502. A lower end port of the conveying pipe 105 1s in sealing communication with the feeding hole 5012. A LU103059 vertical groove 5021 1s formed in an inner wall of the upper discharge pipe 502 opposite to the feeding hole 5012. An arc-shaped elastic sheet 5022 which protrudes toward the feeding hole 5012 is disposed in the vertical groove 5021. wherein the upper end of the arc-shaped elastic sheet 5022 1s fixedly connected to the vertical groove 5021, and the lower end of the elastic sheet is a free end. The inner wall of the upper discharge pipe 502 is provided with an inner spline. and an outer spline which cooperates with the inner spline is disposed on the piston 504, such that the piston 504 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the upper discharge pipe 502.

[0056] As shown in FIGs. 8 and 9, a fixed plate 506 is fixedly connected to the second vertical plate 303, and the upper end of the cylindrical cam 505 is rotatably connected to the fixed plate 506. A connecting rod 507 is fixedly connected vertically to the upper end of the piston 504. wherein the upper end of the connecting rod 507 is provided with a sliding column which is slidably connected to a spiral groove of the cylindrical cam 505. In order to prevent the sliding column from being disengaged from the cylindrical cam 505. a collar 5071 is disposed to sleeve the cylindrical cam 505. and the upper end of the connecting rod 507 is fixedly connected to the collar 5071, such that the sliding column cannot be disengaged from the spiral groove of the cylindrical cam 505. The upper part of the cylindrical cam 505 is fixedly connected to a third gear 5051. À second rotating shaft 508 which is disposed to be coaxial with the first rotating shatt 3051 is rotatably connected to the fixed plate 506. and a tourth gear S081 that meshes with the third gear 5051 is fixedly connected to the second rotating shatt 508. The second rotating shatt 508 is connected to the first rotating shaft 3051 through an electromagnetic clutch 5082.

The clectromagnetic clutch 5082 is electrically connected to the controller.

[0057] In order to adapt to the fertilization to fruit trees of different species, the large-particle fertilizer 70 has a diameter of 2 cm to 10 em, and the inner diameters of the conveying pipe 105. the upper discharge pipe 502 and the lower discharge pipe 503 may be changed to be adapted to the large-particle fertilizer 70.

[0058] In practice:

[0059] when the crawler-type walking chassis 10 is controlled to walk to align the bottom box 202 with the fruit tree 60. the first motor 204 is controlled to operate to drive the first sliding plate 201 to slide in a direction close to the fruit tree 60, such that the telescopic columns 203 are in contact with the fruit tree 60; and when the telescopic columns 203 are in contact with the fruit tree 60. the micro switch at the free end of the telescopic column 203 is triggered. Due to different diameters of trunks of fruit trees 60 of different sizes. the quantities of micro switches nnn

C72PSLU 03.01.2023 triggered when the telescopic columns arranged in sequence are in contact with the trunks of different diameters are different, and thus the diameter of the fruit tree 60 can be esti mated "0103059 based on the quantity of the triggered micro switches.

[0060] The controller controls the second motor 304 to operate based on the received quantity of the triggered micro switches, such that the second vertical plate 303 moves downward to determine a depth of the fertilizing hole drilled by the hollow drill bit 40. In the case that the quantity of the triggered micro switches is larger, the second motor 304 operates to drive the second vertical plate 303 to move downward by a longer distance: in the case that the quantity of the triggered micro switches is smaller. the second motor 304 operates to drive the second vertical plate 303 to move downward by a shorter distance: and the third motor 305 operates to drive the hollow drill bit 40 to rotate for drilling. As the second vertical plate 303 moves downward to a certain depth, the controller controls the second motor 304 and the third motor 305 to operate reversely to drive the hollow drill bit 40 to move upward away from the soil.

[0061] The large-particle fertilizer 70 entering the upper discharge pipe 502 from the conveying pipe 105 cannot fall down into the lower discharge pipe 503 under the block of the arc-shaped elastic sheet 5022. The controller controls the hollow drill bit 40 to rotate downward and drill the fertilizing holes, while controlling the electromagnetic clutch 5082 to be closed.

The cylindrical cam 505 rotates under the gear transmission to make the piston 504 slide vertically in the upper discharge pipe 502. As the piston 504 slides vertically in the upper discharge pipe 502, the arc-shaped elastic sheet 5022 is pressed to extend into the vertical groove 5021. The large-particle fertilizer 70 from the lower end port of the conveying pipe 105 is fed into the lower discharge pipe 503 as the piston moves downward; and meanwhile. the piston 504 blocks the lower end port of the conveying pipe 105. When the piston 504 moves upward over the lower end port of the conveying pipe 105, the arc-shaped clastic sheet 5022 bounces up again to prevent the large-particle fertilizer 70 at the lower end port of the conveying pipe 105 from falling into the lower discharge pipe 503, and a piece of fertilizer is conveyed to the lower discharge pipe 503 when the piston 504 moves vertically in the upper discharge pipe 502 once.

[0062] The deeper the fertilizing hole drilled by the hollow drill bit 40 is, the more the turns rotated by the cylindrical cam 505 are, the more the times the piston 504 moves vertically in the upper discharge pipe 502 repeatedly. and the larger the amount of the large-particle fertilizer 70 discharged into the lower discharge pipe 503 by the conveying pipe 105 is.

[0063] After controlling the hollow drill bit 40 down to a predetermined depth based on the quantity of the triggered micro switches. the controller controls the second motor 304 and the

C72P5LU 03.01.2023 third motor 305 to rotate reversely, and meanwhile controls the disengagement of the electromagnetic clutch 5082. In this case, the hollow drill bit 40 moves upwards while rotatine Y 03059 reversely. but the cylindrical cam 505 does not rotate, and the piston 504 cannot slide vertically.

[0064] Due to the soil in the fertilizing hole, as the hollow drill bit 40 rotates reversely, the arc-shaped plate 403 squeezes the first spring 406 under the push of the soil to the baffle 4032. such that the third discharging hole 4031 is aligned with the first discharging hole 404 and the second discharging hole 405. In this case, the large-particle fertilizer 70 that has fallen into the lower end of the lower discharge pipe 503 is thrown into the fertilizing hole, and the hollow drill bit 40 rotates reversely to fill the soil into the fertilizing hole to cover the large-particle fertilizer 70.

[0065] The above content is only embodiments of the present invention, and the specific structures. characteristics and other general knowledge well-known in this solution are not described too much herein. It should be pointed out that for a person skilled in the art. without departing from the structure of the present invention. several modifications and improvements can also be made, and these all fall within the protection scope of the present invention and will not affect the implementation effect of the present invention and the utility of the patent. The protection scope claimed in this application shall be subject to the content of the claims. and the specific embodiments and other records in the description may be used to interpret the content of the claims. ee:

Claims

C72P5LU 03.01.2023 -_ YY 03.01.2023 CLAIMS LU103059 What is claimed is:

1. An intelligent and amount-variable fertilizing apparatus for large-particle fertilizers, comprising a walking mechanism, a contact mechanism, a fertilizing mechanism and a controller, wherein the walking mechanism comprises a movable chassis that is in rolling contact with the ground, and a storage box configured to store a large-particle fertilizer is disposed on the movable chassis, and is communicated with the fertilizing mechanism through a conveying pipe; two tracks are horizontally disposed on the movable chassis, wherein one end of each track is perpendicular to a side wall, close to a fruit tree, of the movable chassis and is fixedly connected to the movable chassis, the other end of each track is a free end, and the contact mechanism and the fertilizing mechanism are sequentially disposed from the free end of each track to a direction close to the movable chassis: the contact mechanism comprises a first sliding plate slidably connected to each track. a diameter measurer disposed on the first sliding plate and configured to measure a diameter of the fruit tree, and a first driving unit configured to drive the first sliding plate to slide along each track, the diameter measurer being electrically connected to the controller; the diameter measurer comprises a horizontally arranged rectangular bottom box and a plurality of telescopic columns, wherein the bottom box is fixedly connected to the first sliding plate; the plurality of telescopic columns is arranged horizontally in sequence along a length direction of the rectangular bottom box, wherein one end of each telescopic column is located in the bottom box, the other end of the telescopic column is a free end extending out of the bottom box, the free end of the telescopic column is provided with a micro switch, and the controller is electrically connected to the micro switch to calculate a quantity of the triggered micro switches; and the fertilizing mechanism is configured to drill fertilizing holes and discharge the large-particle fertilizer to the fertilizing holes, and the controller is electrically connected to the fertilizing mechanism and configured to, based on the quantity of the triggered micro switches, control the amount of the large-particle fertilizer discharged to the fertilizing holes by the fertilizing mechanism.

2. The intelligent and amount-variable fertilizing apparatus for large-particle fertilizers according to claim 1, wherein the fertilizing mechanism comprises a transverse plate disposed on each track, and a drilling unit configured to drill the fertilizing holes; the drilling unit __

C72P5LU 03.01.2023 -_ 03012023 — comprises a first vertical plate, a second vertical plate, a second motor, a hollow drill bit, and 03059 a third motor configured to drive the hollow drill bit to rotate; the second motor and the third motor are both electrically connected to the controller; the first vertical plate is fixedly connected to the transverse plate; the second vertical plate is slidably connected to the first vertical plate; a first threaded hole is vertically formed in the second vertical plate; the second motor is fixedly connected to the first vertical plate; a first threaded rod which cooperates with the first threaded hole is fixedly connected to an output shaft of the second motor; the hollow drill bit is vertically arranged; a rotating seat is fixedly connected to the second vertical plate, and the hollow drill bit is rotatably connected to the rotating seat: the third motor is fixedly connected to the second vertical plate, an output shaft of the third motor is upward vertically, and a first rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the third motor: a first gear is fixedly connected to the hollow drill bit, and a second gear that meshes with the first gear is fixedly connected to the first rotating shaft; and an arc-shaped groove is formed in a side wall of a lower part of the hollow drill bit. and an arc-shaped plate is slidably connected into the arc-shaped groove; a first discharging hole and a second discharging hole are formed in a side wall of the hollow drill bit in an aligned manner, wherein the first discharging hole is a circular hole which communicates an inner cavity of the hollow drill bit with the arc-shaped groove, and the second discharging hole is a square hole which communicates the arc-shaped groove with an outer space of the hollow drill bit; a third discharging hole is formed in the arc-shaped plate; a baffle is fixedly connected perpendicularly to an outer wall of the arc-shaped plate; a first spring is disposed in the arc-shaped groove; and when the baffle is not pushed by an external force, the first spring forces the arc-shaped plate to slide in the arc-shaped groove to block the first discharging hole.

3. The intelligent and amount-variable fertilizing apparatus for large-particle fertilizers according to claim 2, wherein the fertilizing mechanism further comprises an amount-variable discharge unit; the amount-variable discharge unit comprises a fixed seat, an upper discharge pipe, a lower discharge pipe, a piston and a cylindrical cam, wherein the upper discharge pipe. the lower discharge pipe and the cylindrical cam are arranged to be coaxial with the hollow drill bit; the lower part of the lower discharge pipe is located in the hollow drill bit. the upper part of the lower discharge pipe extends upward vertically out of the hollow drill bit, and the lower end of the lower discharge pipe is configured in a curved arc shape, such that a lower end port of the lower discharge pipe is in sealing communication with the first discharging DZ

C72P5LU 03.01.2023 hole; the fixed seat is fixedly connected to the second vertical plate; a first through hole is vertically formed in the fixed seat, and the upper end of the lower discharge pipe is located in 09059 the first through hole and is rotatably connected to the fixed seat; a lower end of the upper discharge pipe is located in the first through hole and is fixedly connected to the fixed seat, and an upper end of the upper discharge pipe is a free end; a feeding hole is formed in a side wall of the upper discharge pipe, and the lower end port of the conveying pipe is in sealing communication with the feeding hole; a vertical groove is formed in an inner wall of the upper discharge pipe opposite to the feeding hole; an arc-shaped elastic sheet which protrudes toward the feeding hole is disposed in the vertical groove: the upper end of the arc-shaped elastic sheet is fixedly connected to the vertical groove, and the lower end of the elastic sheet is a free end; the inner wall of the upper discharge pipe is provided with an inner spline, and an outer spline which cooperates with the inner spline is disposed on the piston, such that the piston is slidably connected to the inner wall of the upper discharge pipe; and a fixed plate is fixedly connected to the second vertical plate, and an upper end of the cylindrical cam is rotatably connected to the fixed plate; a connecting rod is fixedly connected vertically to an upper end of the piston, wherein the upper end of the connecting rod is provided with a sliding column which is slidably connected to a spiral groove of the cylindrical cam; the upper part of the cylindrical cam is fixedly connected to a third gear; a second rotating shaft which is disposed to be coaxial with the first rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the fixed plate, and a fourth gear that meshes with the third gear is fixedly connected to the second rotating shaft; the second rotating shaft is connected to the first rotating shaft through an electromagnetic clutch; and the electromagnetic clutch is electrically connected to the controller.

4. The intelligent and amount-variable fertilizing apparatus for large-particle fertilizers according to claim 3, wherein the two tracks are two I-beams arranged in parallel, and T-slots that cooperates with the upper parts of the I-beams are formed in the first sliding plate; the first driving unit comprises a first motor which is arranged below the I-beams; the first motor is electrically connected to the controller, and is fixedly connected to the first sliding plate through a connecting plate; the first motor is a dual-output-shaft motor; a rack is fixedly connected to the lower surface of each I-beam; and a fifth gear that meshes with the rack is fixedly connected to each of output shafts at two ends of the first motor.

C72P5LU 03.01.2023 - 03012023

5. The intelligent and amount-variable fertilizing apparatus for large-particle fertilizers . . . . oe . . LU103059 according to claim 4, wherein the large-particle fertilizer has a diameter of 5 cm, and the inner U diameters of the conveying pipe, the upper discharge pipe and the lower discharge pipe are all adapted to the large-particle fertilizer.

6. The intelligent and amount-variable fertilizing apparatus for large-particle fertilizers according to claim 5, wherein the movable chassis is a crawler-type walking chassis, and a cab configured to manually operate the crawler-type walking chassis to walk is disposed on the crawler-type walking chassis.