CN114424699B - Large granule fertilizer injection unit of intelligence variable - Google Patents
Large granule fertilizer injection unit of intelligence variable Download PDFInfo
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- CN114424699B CN114424699B CN202210085994.6A CN202210085994A CN114424699B CN 114424699 B CN114424699 B CN 114424699B CN 202210085994 A CN202210085994 A CN 202210085994A CN 114424699 B CN114424699 B CN 114424699B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C15/00—Fertiliser distributors
- A01C15/06—Fertiliser distributors with distributing slots, e.g. adjustable openings for dosing
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C15/00—Fertiliser distributors
- A01C15/005—Undercarriages, tanks, hoppers, stirrers specially adapted for seeders or fertiliser distributors
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C5/00—Making or covering furrows or holes for sowing, planting or manuring
- A01C5/04—Machines for making or covering holes for sowing or planting
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
- G01B21/18—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring depth
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
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- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fertilizing (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of intelligent agricultural machinery equipment, in particular to an intelligent variable large-particle fertilizer fertilizing device, which comprises a travelling mechanism, a contact mechanism, a fertilizing mechanism and a controller, wherein the travelling mechanism is arranged on the front end of the contact mechanism; the walking mechanism is provided with a large-particle fertilizer containing box which is communicated with the fertilizing mechanism, and the double rails are fixedly connected on the side wall which is vertical to the walking mechanism and close to the fruit trees; the contact mechanism comprises a first sliding plate in sliding connection with the double rails, a diameter measurer arranged on the first sliding plate and a first driving unit for driving the first sliding plate to slide along the double rails, and the diameter measurer is electrically connected with the controller; the fertilizing mechanism is used for drilling a fertilizing hole and discharging large-particle fertilizers to the fertilizing hole, and the controller is electrically connected with the fertilizing mechanism to control the fertilizing mechanism to discharge the number of the large-particle fertilizers to the fertilizing hole. According to the fruit tree root-burning fertilizer, different amounts of fertilizers can be applied according to the size of a fruit tree, so that reasonable distribution of the fertilizers is achieved, and the phenomena that the smaller fruit tree is wasted due to excessive fertility and causes root burning of the fruit tree are effectively avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of intelligent agricultural machinery equipment, in particular to an intelligent variable large-particle fertilizer fertilizing device.
Background
The management of the orchard comprises a plurality of production links such as planting, fertilizing, irrigating, pruning and pest control, wherein the fertilizing of fruit trees is a very important orchard management operation procedure which must be carried out. With the continuous development of agricultural technology, a fertilizer applicator is generally adopted in modern orchards to apply fertilizer to fruit trees, but the existing part of the fertilizer applicators can only carry out mechanical ditching or digging operation, and can only complete the fertilizer application operation by the assistance of fruit growers, thus the fixed-point and quantitative control of the fertilizer application amount can not be realized, the complete liberation of labor force can not be realized, the fertilizer application benefit is lower, and the cost is higher.
The prior art CN 108770421B discloses a fixed-point quantitative intelligent fertilizer applicator, which comprises a support, a diesel driving system arranged on the support, a crawler-type walking chassis arranged below the support and in driving connection with the diesel driving system, an operating platform, a driver seat and a fertilizer applicator arranged at the front end of the support and in driving connection with the diesel driving system, and is characterized in that the front end of the support is hinged with a bracket hook frame, the fertilizer applicator is arranged on the bracket hook frame, a lifting oil cylinder used for driving the bracket hook frame to lift is arranged between the bracket hook frame and the support, a tree touching switch connected with the diesel driving system and used for controlling the lifting oil cylinder to stretch is arranged at the side edge of the support, a fertilizer application switch connected with the diesel driving system and used for controlling the fertilizer applicator to open and close is arranged at the front end of the support, the lifting oil cylinder is completely extended in an initial state, and the bracket hook frame and the fertilizer applicator are at the highest position;
when the tree touch switch touches the tree, the lifting oil cylinder is controlled to retract, the hook support and the fertilizer applicator are driven to descend, and when the lifting oil cylinder retracts completely, the hook support descends to the lowest position to press the fertilizer application switch, so that the fertilizer applicator is started to apply fertilizer; when the tree touch switch is separated from the trees, the lifting oil cylinder is controlled to extend to drive the hook support and the fertilizer applicator to ascend, the hook support is separated from the fertilizer application switch, and therefore the fertilizer applicator is turned off and fertilizer application is stopped.
Above-mentioned prior art carries out fixed point ration fertilization through the location to the fruit tree position, has improved the rate of accuracy of fixed point fertilization and then has improved the availability factor of fertilizer.
However, in practical situations, since the size of each fruit tree in the orchard is different, the same amount of fertilizer is applied to fruit trees of different sizes, the fertility may be insufficient for larger fruit trees, and the fertility may be excessive for smaller fruit trees, which causes fertilizer waste and even causes phenomena such as root burning of fruit trees.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an intelligent variable large-granule fertilizer application device for applying different amounts of fertilizers to fruit trees with different sizes.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the basic scheme of the invention is as follows:
an intelligent variable large-particle fertilizer application device comprises a travelling mechanism, a contact mechanism, a fertilizer application mechanism and a controller;
the walking mechanism comprises a moving chassis in rolling contact with the ground, a material containing box for containing large-particle fertilizers is arranged on the moving chassis, the material containing box is communicated with the fertilizing mechanism through a material conveying pipe, double rails are horizontally arranged on the moving chassis, one ends of the double rails are perpendicular to the side wall, close to the fruit trees, of the moving chassis and fixedly connected with the moving chassis, the other ends of the double rails are free ends, and the contact mechanism and the fertilizing mechanism are sequentially arranged from the free ends of the double rails to the direction close to the moving chassis;
the contact mechanism comprises a first sliding plate connected with the double rails in a sliding mode, a diameter measurer and a first driving unit, wherein the diameter measurer is arranged on the first sliding plate and used for measuring the diameter of a fruit tree, the first driving unit is used for driving the first sliding plate to slide along the double rails, and the diameter measurer is electrically connected with the controller;
the diameter measurer comprises a rectangular bottom box and a plurality of telescopic columns, the rectangular bottom box and the telescopic columns are horizontally arranged, the bottom box is fixedly connected with the first sliding plate, the telescopic columns are sequentially and horizontally arranged along the length direction of the rectangular bottom box, one ends of the telescopic columns are located in the bottom box, the other ends of the telescopic columns are free ends extending out of the bottom box, micro switches are arranged at the free ends of the telescopic columns, and the controller is electrically connected with the micro switches to calculate the triggering number of the micro switches;
the fertilizing mechanism is used for drilling a fertilizing hole and discharging the large granular fertilizer to the fertilizing hole, and the controller is electrically connected with the fertilizing mechanism to control the fertilizing mechanism to discharge the large granular fertilizer to the fertilizing hole according to the triggering number of the micro switches.
When the control removes chassis and walks to make end box and fruit tree align, control first drive unit drive first slide to sliding to being close to the fruit tree direction and make flexible post and fruit tree contact, the micro-gap switch of flexible post free end is triggered when flexible post and fruit tree contact, because the trunk diameter of not equidimension fruit tree is different, the quantity of the micro-gap switch that is triggered when the telescopic link that arranges in proper order contacts with the trunk different in diameter is different, consequently, can estimate the diameter of fruit tree through the quantity of the micro-gap switch that is triggered, the controller controls the quantity that fertilizer application mechanism discharged large granule fertilizer to the hole of fertilizing according to the quantity that triggers of micro-gap switch received, just so make the fertilization volume of great fruit tree a little, the fertilization volume of less fruit tree is little, reach the purpose of variable fertilization according to the fruit tree size.
Further, the fertilizing mechanism comprises a transverse plate arranged on the double rails and a drilling unit used for drilling fertilizing holes, the drilling unit comprises a first vertical plate, a second motor, a hollow drill bit and a third motor used for driving the hollow drill bit to rotate, the second motor and the third motor are electrically connected with the controller, the first vertical plate is fixedly connected with the transverse plate, the second vertical plate is slidably connected with the first vertical plate, a first threaded hole is vertically formed in the second vertical plate, the second motor is fixedly connected with the first vertical plate, a first threaded rod matched with the first threaded hole is fixedly connected to an output shaft of the second motor, the hollow drill bit is vertically arranged, a rotating seat is fixedly connected to the second vertical plate, the hollow drill bit is rotatably connected with the rotating seat, the third motor is fixedly connected with the second vertical plate, an output shaft of the third motor is vertically arranged upwards, a first rotating shaft is fixedly connected to an output shaft of the third motor, a first gear is fixedly connected to the hollow drill bit, and a second gear meshed with the first gear is fixedly connected to the first rotating shaft;
set up the arc wall in hollow drill's the lower part lateral wall, sliding connection arc in the arc wall aligns on hollow drill's the lateral wall and sets up first discharge opening and second discharge opening, first discharge opening for with hollow drill's inner chamber with the round hole of arc wall intercommunication, the second discharge opening is for inciting somebody to action the quad slit of arc wall and hollow drill's exterior space intercommunication, set up third discharge opening, perpendicular to on the arc wall the outer wall fixed connection baffle of arc wall sets up first spring in the arc wall when the baffle does not receive external force to promote first spring forces the arc is in slide in the arc wall in order to incite somebody to action first discharge opening shutoff.
The controller controls the second motor to move downwards to determine the depth of the fertilizing hole drilled by the hollow drill according to the calculated trigger number of the micro switch, when the trigger number of the micro switch is more, the second motor moves downwards to a longer distance, when the trigger number of the micro switch is less, the second motor moves downwards to a shorter distance, the third motor drives the hollow drill to rotate to drill, when the second riser moves downwards to a certain depth, the controller controls the second motor and the third motor to reversely move to move the hollow drill upwards to leave the soil.
The fertilizing mechanism further comprises a variable discharging unit, the variable discharging unit comprises a fixed seat, an upper discharging pipe, a lower discharging pipe, a piston and a cylindrical cam, the upper discharging pipe and the lower discharging pipe are coaxially arranged with the hollow drill bit, the lower part of the lower discharging pipe is located in the hollow drill bit, the upper part of the lower discharging pipe vertically extends upwards out of the hollow drill bit, the lower end of the lower discharging pipe is arranged in an arc shape to enable the lower port of the lower discharging pipe to be communicated with the first discharging hole in a sealing mode, the fixed seat is fixedly connected with the second vertical plate, a first through hole is vertically formed in the fixed seat, and the upper end of the lower discharging pipe is located in the first through hole and is connected with the fixed seat in a rotating mode;
the lower end of the upper discharging pipe is positioned in the first through hole and fixedly connected with the fixed seat, the upper end of the upper discharging pipe is a free end, the side wall of the upper discharging pipe is provided with a feeding hole, the lower port of the feeding pipe is communicated with the feeding hole in a sealing way, the inner wall of the upper discharging pipe opposite to the feeding hole is provided with a vertical groove, an arc-shaped elastic sheet protruding towards the direction of the feeding hole is arranged in the vertical groove, the upper end of the arc-shaped elastic sheet is fixedly connected with the vertical groove, the lower end of the arc-shaped elastic sheet is a free end, the inner wall of the upper discharging pipe is provided with an internal spline, and the piston is provided with an external spline matched with the internal spline to enable the piston to be connected with the inner wall of the upper discharging pipe in a sliding way,
fixed connection fixed plate on the second riser, the upper end of cylindrical cam with the fixed plate rotates to be connected, the vertical fixed connection connecting rod in piston upper end, the upper end fixed connection of connecting rod and cylindrical cam's helicla flute sliding connection's traveller, cylindrical cam's upper portion fixed connection third gear, rotate on the fixed plate connect with the second pivot of the coaxial setting of first pivot, in the second pivot fixed connection with third gear engagement's fourth gear, the second pivot with first pivot is passed through electromagnetic clutch and is connected, electromagnetic clutch with the controller electricity is connected.
Large granular fertilizers entering an upper discharge pipe from a conveying pipe cannot fall into a lower discharge pipe downwards under the blocking of an arc-shaped elastic sheet, when a controller controls a hollow drill to rotate to drill a fertilizing hole downwards to enable the electromagnetic clutch to be closed, a cylindrical cam rotates under the drive of a gear to enable a piston to slide up and down in the upper discharge pipe, the arc-shaped elastic sheet extends into a vertical groove when the piston presses the arc-shaped elastic sheet when sliding up and down in the upper discharge pipe, when the piston moves downwards, the large granular fertilizers at the lower port of the conveying pipe are fed into the lower discharge pipe, meanwhile, the lower port of the conveying pipe is blocked by the piston, when the piston moves upwards to cross the lower port of the conveying pipe, the arc-shaped elastic sheet bounces up to prevent the large granular fertilizers at the lower port of the conveying pipe from falling into the lower discharge pipe, and when the piston moves up and down in the upper discharge pipe once, the large granular fertilizers are conveyed to the lower discharge pipe;
when the fertilizing hole drilled by the hollow drill bit is deeper, the number of turns of the cylindrical cam is more, the number of times that the piston repeatedly moves up and down in the upper discharging pipe is more, the large-particle fertilizer discharged into the lower discharging pipe by the conveying pipe is more, and the reverse direction is less;
the controller controls the second motor and the third motor to rotate reversely after the hollow drill bit is controlled to drill downwards to a preset depth according to the trigger number of the micro switch, and simultaneously controls the electromagnetic clutch to separate, at the moment, the hollow drill bit moves upwards and rotates reversely, the cylindrical cam does not rotate, and the piston cannot slide up and down.
Because the downthehole earth that has of fertilization, when hollow drill bit antiport, the arc extrudees first spring and makes third discharge opening and first discharge opening and second discharge opening align under earth to the promotion of baffle, and at this moment the large granule fertilizer that has fallen into lower discharge pipe lower extreme is downthehole through being got rid of into the fertilization, and hollow drill bit antiport loads earth into in the fertilization hole and covers post fertilizer.
Further, the double track is said to be 2 parallel arrangement's I-steel, set up in the first slide with the upper portion complex T type groove of I-steel, first drive unit includes first motor, first motor set up in the I-steel below, first motor with the controller electricity is connected, first motor pass through the connecting plate with first slide fixed connection, first motor be dual output axle motor, the lower fixed surface of I-steel connect the rack, equal fixed connection on the output shaft at first motor both ends with rack toothing's fifth gear.
Further, the diameter of the large granular fertilizer is 2cm to 10cm, and the inner diameters of the conveying pipe, the upper discharging pipe and the lower discharging pipe are matched with the large granular fertilizer.
Furthermore, the mobile chassis is a crawler-type walking chassis, and a cab for manually controlling the crawler-type walking chassis to run is arranged on the crawler-type walking chassis.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has at least the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the fruit tree fertilizing method, different amounts of fertilizers can be applied according to the size of the fruit tree, so that the reasonable distribution of the fertilizers is achieved, the waste and root burning of the fruit tree caused by the excess of the fertility of a smaller fruit tree are effectively avoided, and the yield reduction caused by insufficient fertilization of a larger fruit tree is also avoided.
2. The depth of the fertilizing hole drilled out is determined by detecting the diameter of the trunk of the fruit tree, so that the applied fertilizer is closer to the root of the fruit tree, and the fertilizer is easier to be absorbed by the fruit tree.
3. The variable discharging unit is linked with the drill bit in a rotating mode, and the application amount of the fertilizer can be automatically matched according to the drilling depth.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view in the front view direction according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram in a top view direction according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a drawing showing the first slider in cooperation with an I-beam.
Fig. 4 is a matching view of a first riser and a second riser.
Fig. 5 shows the hollow drill bit in cooperation with a second riser.
Fig. 6 is an enlarged view of a portion a in fig. 5.
Fig. 7 is an enlarged view of a portion B in fig. 5.
Fig. 8 shows the hollow drill bit in the left view with the second riser.
Fig. 9 is an enlarged view of the portion C in fig. 8.
Fig. 10 is a view showing a state where the arc-shaped groove is engaged with the arc-shaped plate.
Fig. 11 is another state view of the arc-shaped groove and the arc-shaped plate.
Fig. 12 isbase:Sub>A sectional view taken along linebase:Sub>A-base:Sub>A of fig. 10.
Detailed Description
The following is further detailed by way of specific embodiments:
reference numerals in the drawings of the specification include: the crawler-type walking chassis 10, a material containing box 101, a cab 102, an I-steel 103, a rack 104, a material conveying pipe 105, a first sliding plate 201, a bottom box 202, a telescopic column 203, a first motor 204, a fifth gear 205, a connecting plate 206, a transverse plate 301, a first vertical plate 302, a second vertical plate 303, a first threaded hole 3031, a second motor 304, a first threaded rod 3041, a third motor 305, a first rotating shaft 3051, a second gear 3052, a rotating seat 306, a hollow drill bit 40, a first gear 401, an arc-shaped groove 402, an arc-shaped plate 403, a third discharge hole 3041, a baffle 4032, a first discharge hole 404, a second discharge hole 405, a first spring 406, a fixed seat 501, a first through hole 5011, a feed hole 5012, an upper discharge pipe 502, a vertical groove 5021, an arc-shaped elastic sheet 5022, a lower discharge pipe 503, a piston 504, a cylindrical cam 505, a third gear 5051, a fixed plate 506, a connecting rod 507, a large particle lantern ring 5071, a second rotating shaft 508, a fourth gear 5081, an electromagnetic clutch 5082, a fruit tree 5060 and a fertilizer 5070.
The utility model provides an intelligence variable's large granule fertilizer 70 fertilizer injection unit, as shown in fig. 1, fig. 2, including crawler-type walking chassis 10, set up on the crawler-type walking chassis 10 and be used for the artifical driver's cabin 102 of controlling crawler-type walking chassis 10 and be used for splendid attire large granule fertilizer 70 to hold workbin 101, be equipped with the large granule fertilizer 70 that the diameter size is unanimous in the splendid attire workbin 101, still be provided with controller and portable power source on the crawler-type walking chassis 10, the controller is connected with the portable power source electricity.
The side wall of the crawler-type traveling chassis 10 is provided with a double track consisting of 2I-shaped steels 103 which are horizontally arranged in parallel, the 2I-shaped steels 103 are all arranged perpendicular to the side wall of the crawler-type traveling chassis, one end of each I-shaped steel 103 is fixedly connected with the side wall of the crawler-type traveling chassis 10, the other end of each I-shaped steel 103 is a free end, and the I-shaped steel 103 is provided with a first sliding plate 201. As shown in fig. 3, a T-shaped groove matched with the upper portions of 2 i-beams 103 is arranged in the first sliding plate 201, the lower surfaces of the 2 i-beams 103 are all fixedly connected with a rack 104 along the length direction of the i-beam 103, a first motor 204 is arranged below the 2 i-beams 103, the first motor 204 is electrically connected with a controller, the first motor 204 is fixedly connected with the first sliding plate 201 through a connecting plate 206, the connecting plate 206 is vertically arranged, the upper end of the connecting plate 206 is fixedly connected with the first sliding plate 201, the lower end of the connecting plate 206 is fixedly connected with the first motor 204, the first motor 204 is a dual-output-shaft motor, and output shafts at the two ends of the first motor 204 are both fixedly connected with a fifth gear 205 meshed with the rack 104;
as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, a rectangular bottom box 202 is fixedly connected to a first sliding plate 201, a plurality of telescopic columns 203 are sequentially and horizontally arranged along the length direction of the rectangular bottom box 202, one ends of the telescopic columns 203 are located in the bottom box 202 and fixedly connected with the bottom box 202, the other ends of the telescopic columns 203 are free ends extending out of the bottom box 202, micro switches are arranged at the free ends of the telescopic columns 203, and a controller is electrically connected with the micro switches to calculate the triggering number of the micro switches.
As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 5, a transverse plate 301 is fixedly connected to 2 i-beams 103 between the first sliding plate 201 and the crawler-type traveling chassis 10, the transverse plate 301 is horizontally arranged, a first vertical plate 302 is fixedly connected to the transverse plate 301, a second vertical plate 303 is arranged on the first vertical plate 302, and the first vertical plate 302 and the second vertical plate 303 are vertically arranged.
As shown in fig. 4, a T-shaped sliding rail is vertically arranged on the second vertical plate 303, a T-shaped sliding groove in sliding fit with the T-shaped sliding rail on the second vertical plate 303 is arranged on the first vertical plate 302, and a first threaded hole 3031 is vertically arranged in the second vertical plate 303.
As shown in fig. 5, the upper end of the first riser 302 is fixedly connected with a second motor 304, an output shaft of the second motor 304 is arranged vertically downward, a first threaded rod 3041 matched with the first threaded hole 3031 is fixedly connected to an output shaft of the second motor 304, a rotary base 306 is fixedly connected to the second riser 303, a hollow drill 40 for drilling a fertilizing hole is rotatably connected to the rotary base 306, the hollow drill 40 is arranged vertically, a first gear 401 is fixedly connected to the hollow drill 40, a third motor 305 is fixedly connected to the second riser 303, an output shaft of the third motor 305 is arranged vertically upward, a first rotary shaft 3051 is fixedly connected to an output shaft of the third motor 305, a second gear 3052 engaged with the first gear 401 is fixedly connected to the first rotary shaft 3051, the third motor 305 is engaged with the second gear 3052 through the first gear 401 when running, so that the hollow drill 40 rotates, and the second motor 304 and the third motor 305 are both electrically connected to the controller.
With reference to fig. 5, 10, 11 and 12, an arc-shaped groove 402 is provided in a lower side wall of the hollow drill bit 40, the arc-shaped groove 402 is slidably connected to an arc-shaped plate 403, a first discharge hole 404 and a second discharge hole 405 are provided in alignment on the side wall of the hollow drill bit 40, the first discharge hole 404 is a circular hole that communicates an inner cavity of the hollow drill bit 40 with the arc-shaped groove 402, the second discharge hole 405 is a square hole that communicates the arc-shaped groove 402 with an outer space of the hollow drill bit 40, a third discharge hole 4031 that communicates the first discharge hole 404 with the second discharge hole 405 is provided on the arc-shaped plate 403, a baffle 4032 is provided perpendicular to an outer wall of the arc-shaped plate 403, one end of the baffle 4032 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the arc-shaped plate 403, the other end of the baffle 4032 extends out of the outer wall of the hollow drill bit 40 from the second discharge hole 405 but does not exceed a spiral piece on the hollow drill bit 40, a first spring 406 is provided in the arc-shaped groove 402, one end of the first spring 406 is fixedly connected to the arc-shaped plate 403, and the first spring 406 is forced to block the first discharge hole 4032 when the first spring 4032 is pushed by an external force in the same direction as the first spring 4032.
The second vertical plate 303 is also provided with a fixed seat 501, an upper discharging pipe 502, a lower discharging pipe 503, a piston 504 and a cylindrical cam 505; as shown in fig. 5, 6 and 7, the upper discharging pipe 502, the lower discharging pipe 503 and the cylindrical cam 505 are coaxially arranged with the hollow drill bit 40, the lower part of the lower discharging pipe 503 is positioned in the hollow drill bit 40, the upper part of the lower discharging pipe 503 vertically extends upwards out of the hollow drill bit 40, the lower end of the lower discharging pipe 503 is arranged in a curved shape, so that the lower port of the lower discharging pipe 503 is positioned at the first discharging hole 404 and welded with the inner wall of the hollow drill bit 40, the lower port of the lower discharging pipe 503 is hermetically communicated with the first discharging hole 404, the fixed seat 501 is fixedly connected with the second vertical plate 303, the fixed seat 501 is vertically provided with a first through hole 5011, and the upper end of the lower discharging pipe 503 is positioned in the first through hole 5011 and rotatably connected with the fixed seat 501;
the lower end of the upper discharging pipe 502 is located in a first through hole 5011 and fixedly connected with the fixing base 501, the upper end of the upper discharging pipe 502 is a free end, a feeding hole 5012 is formed in the side wall of the upper discharging pipe 502, the material containing box 101 is communicated with the feeding hole 5012 through the material conveying pipe 105 and is used for conveying large-particle fertilizers 70 into the upper discharging pipe 502, the lower port of the material conveying pipe 105 is communicated with the feeding hole 5012 in a sealing mode, a vertical groove 5021 is formed in the inner wall of the upper discharging pipe 502 opposite to the feeding hole 5012, an arc-shaped elastic sheet 5022 protruding towards the direction of the feeding hole 5012 is arranged in the vertical groove 5021, the upper end of the arc-shaped elastic sheet 5022 is fixedly connected with the vertical groove 5021, the lower end of the arc-shaped elastic sheet 5022 is a free end, an inner spline is arranged on the inner wall of the upper discharging pipe 502, an outer spline in a sealing sliding fit with the inner wall of the upper discharging pipe 502 is arranged on the piston 504, and the piston 504 is in a sealing sliding fit with the inner wall of the upper discharging pipe 502.
As shown in fig. 8 and 9, a fixed plate 506 is fixedly connected to the second vertical plate 303, the upper end of the cylindrical cam 505 is rotatably connected to the fixed plate 506, a connecting rod 507 is vertically and fixedly connected to the upper end of the piston 504, a sliding column slidably connected to a spiral groove on the cylindrical surface of the cylindrical cam 505 is disposed on the upper end of the connecting rod 507, a collar 5071 is disposed around the cylindrical cam 505 to prevent the sliding column from separating from the cylindrical cam 505, the upper end of the connecting rod 507 is fixedly connected to the collar 5071 so that the sliding column cannot separate from the spiral groove of the cylindrical cam 505, a third gear 5051 is fixedly connected to the upper portion of the cylindrical cam 505, a second rotating shaft 508 coaxially disposed with the first rotating shaft 3051 is rotatably connected to the fixed plate 506, a fourth gear 5081 engaged with the third gear 5051 is fixedly connected to the second rotating shaft 505508, the second rotating shaft 508 is connected to the first rotating shaft 3051 through an electromagnetic clutch 5082, and the electromagnetic clutch 5082 is electrically connected to the controller.
In order to adapt to fertilization of different fruit tree species, the diameter of the large granular fertilizer 70 can be 2cm to 10cm, and the inner diameters of the conveying pipe 105, the upper discharging pipe 502 and the lower discharging pipe 503 can be changed to be matched with the large granular fertilizer 70.
In actual use:
when the crawler-type walking chassis 10 is controlled to walk to enable the bottom box 202 to be aligned with the fruit tree 60, the first motor 204 is controlled to operate to enable the first sliding plate 201 to slide towards the direction close to the fruit tree 60 to enable the telescopic column 203 to be in contact with the fruit tree 60, when the telescopic column 203 is in contact with the fruit tree 60, the micro switches at the free end of the telescopic column 203 are triggered, due to the fact that the diameters of the trunks of the fruit trees 60 with different sizes are different, the quantity of the triggered micro switches when the telescopic columns 203 which are sequentially arranged are in contact with the trunks of the fruit trees 60 with different diameters is different, and therefore the controller can estimate the diameter of the fruit tree 60 through the quantity of the triggered micro switches;
the controller controls the second motor 304 to operate to move the second vertical plate 303 downwards according to the received trigger number of the micro switches so as to determine the depth of the fertilizing holes drilled by the hollow drill bit 40, when the trigger number of the micro switches is more, the second motor 304 operates to move the second vertical plate 303 downwards for a longer distance, when the trigger number of the micro switches is less, the second motor 304 operates to move the second vertical plate 303 downwards for a shorter distance, the third motor 305 operates to drive the hollow drill bit 40 to rotate for drilling, and when the second vertical plate 303 moves downwards to a certain depth, the controller controls the second motor 304 and the third motor 305 to operate in reverse directions so as to move the hollow drill bit 40 upwards to leave the soil.
The large granular fertilizer 70 entering the upper discharging pipe 502 from the conveying pipe 105 cannot fall into the lower discharging pipe 503 downwards under the blocking of the arc-shaped elastic piece 5022, when the controller controls the hollow drill 40 to rotate and drill a fertilizing hole downwards to enable the electromagnetic clutch 5082 to be closed, the gear-driven lower cylindrical cam 505 rotates to enable the piston 504 to slide up and down in the upper discharging pipe 502, the piston 504 presses the arc-shaped elastic piece 5022 when sliding up and down in the upper discharging pipe 502 to enable the arc-shaped elastic piece 5022 to extend into the vertical groove 5021, when the piston 504 moves downwards, the large granular fertilizer 70 at the lower port of the conveying pipe 105 is discharged into the lower discharging pipe 503, meanwhile, the piston 504 blocks the lower port of the conveying pipe 105, when the piston 504 moves upwards and passes through the lower port of the conveying pipe 105, the arc-shaped elastic piece 5022 springs up to prevent the large granular fertilizer 70 at the lower port of the conveying pipe 105 from falling into the lower discharging pipe 503, and when the piston 504 moves upwards and downwards once in the upper discharging pipe 502, the lower discharging pipe 503 is used for conveying a large granular fertilizer 70;
when the hole for applying fertilizer drilled by the hollow drill 40 is deeper, the more the number of revolutions of the cylindrical cam 505 is, the more the piston 504 repeatedly moves up and down in the upper and lower discharge pipes 502, and the more the large granular fertilizer 70 is discharged from the feed delivery pipe 105 into the lower discharge pipe 503;
after the controller controls the hollow drill bit 40 to drill downwards to a preset depth according to the trigger number of the micro switch, the second motor 304 and the third motor 305 are controlled to rotate reversely, and the electromagnetic clutch 5082 is controlled to separate, so that the hollow drill bit 40 moves upwards along with the second vertical plate 303 and rotates reversely, the cylindrical cam 505 does not rotate, and the piston 504 cannot slide up and down.
Because the hole has soil inside, when the hollow drill bit 40 rotates reversely, the pushing lower arc plate 403 of the baffle 4032 pushes the first spring 406 to align the third discharging hole 4031 with the first discharging hole 404 and the second discharging hole 405, and then the large granular fertilizer 70 falling into the lower end of the lower discharging pipe 503 is thrown into the hole, and the hollow drill bit 40 rotates reversely to load soil into the hole to cover the large granular fertilizer 70.
The above are merely examples of the present invention, and common general knowledge of known specific structures and characteristics in the schemes is not described herein. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the structure of the present invention, several changes and modifications can be made, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention, and these will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the practicability of the patent. The scope of the claims of the present application shall be determined by the contents of the claims, and the description of the embodiments and the like in the specification shall be used to explain the contents of the claims.
Claims (4)
1. The utility model provides a large granule fertilizer injection unit of intelligence variable which characterized in that: comprises a traveling mechanism, a contact mechanism, a fertilizing mechanism and a controller;
the walking mechanism comprises a moving chassis in rolling contact with the ground, a material containing box for containing large-particle fertilizers is arranged on the moving chassis, the material containing box is communicated with the fertilizing mechanism through a material conveying pipe, double rails are horizontally arranged on the moving chassis, one ends of the double rails are perpendicular to the side wall, close to the fruit trees, of the moving chassis and fixedly connected with the moving chassis, the other ends of the double rails are free ends, and the contact mechanism and the fertilizing mechanism are sequentially arranged from the free ends of the double rails to the direction close to the moving chassis;
the contact mechanism comprises a first sliding plate connected with the double rails in a sliding mode, a diameter measurer and a first driving unit, wherein the diameter measurer is arranged on the first sliding plate and used for measuring the diameter of a fruit tree, the first driving unit is used for driving the first sliding plate to slide along the double rails, and the diameter measurer is electrically connected with the controller;
the diameter measurer comprises a rectangular bottom box and a plurality of telescopic columns, the rectangular bottom box and the telescopic columns are horizontally arranged, the bottom box is fixedly connected with the first sliding plate, the telescopic columns are sequentially and horizontally arranged along the length direction of the rectangular bottom box, one ends of the telescopic columns are located in the bottom box, the other ends of the telescopic columns are free ends extending out of the bottom box, micro switches are arranged at the free ends of the telescopic columns, and the controller is electrically connected with the micro switches to calculate the triggering number of the micro switches;
the fertilizing mechanism is used for drilling a fertilizing hole and discharging the large granular fertilizer to the fertilizing hole, and the controller is electrically connected with the fertilizing mechanism to control the fertilizing mechanism to discharge the large granular fertilizer to the fertilizing hole according to the triggering number of the micro switches;
the fertilizing mechanism comprises a transverse plate arranged on the double rails and a drilling unit used for drilling fertilizing holes, the drilling unit comprises a first vertical plate, a second motor, a hollow drill bit and a third motor used for driving the hollow drill bit to rotate, the second motor and the third motor are both electrically connected with the controller, the first vertical plate is fixedly connected with the transverse plate, the second vertical plate is slidably connected with the first vertical plate, a first threaded hole is vertically formed in the second vertical plate, the second motor is fixedly connected with the first vertical plate, a first threaded rod matched with the first threaded hole is fixedly connected to an output shaft of the second motor, the hollow drill bit is vertically arranged, a rotating seat is fixedly connected to the second vertical plate, the hollow drill bit is rotatably connected with the rotating seat, the third motor is fixedly connected with the second vertical plate, an output shaft of the third motor is vertically arranged upwards, a first rotating shaft is fixedly connected to an output shaft of the third motor, a first gear is fixedly connected to the hollow drill bit, and a second gear meshed with the first gear is fixedly connected to the first rotating shaft;
an arc-shaped groove is arranged in the side wall of the lower part of the hollow drill bit, an arc-shaped plate is connected in the arc-shaped groove in a sliding mode, a first discharge hole and a second discharge hole are arranged on the side wall of the hollow drill bit in an aligned mode, the first discharge hole is a round hole for communicating the inner cavity of the hollow drill bit with the arc-shaped groove, the second discharge hole is a square hole for communicating the arc-shaped groove with the outer space of the hollow drill bit, a third discharge hole is arranged on the arc-shaped plate, a baffle is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the arc-shaped plate in a perpendicular mode, a first spring is arranged in the arc-shaped groove, and when the baffle is not pushed by external force, the first spring forces the arc-shaped plate to slide in the arc-shaped groove to seal the first discharge hole;
the fertilizing mechanism further comprises a variable discharging unit, the variable discharging unit comprises a fixed seat, an upper discharging pipe, a lower discharging pipe, a piston and a cylindrical cam, the upper discharging pipe and the lower discharging pipe are coaxially arranged with the hollow drill bit, the lower part of the lower discharging pipe is located in the hollow drill bit, the upper part of the lower discharging pipe vertically extends upwards out of the hollow drill bit, the lower end of the lower discharging pipe is arranged in a bent arc shape to enable the lower port of the lower discharging pipe to be communicated with the first discharging hole in a sealing mode, the fixed seat is fixedly connected with the second vertical plate, a first through hole is vertically formed in the fixed seat, and the upper end of the lower discharging pipe is located in the first through hole and is connected with the fixed seat in a rotating mode;
the lower end of the upper discharging pipe is positioned in the first through hole and fixedly connected with the fixed seat, the upper end of the upper discharging pipe is a free end, the side wall of the upper discharging pipe is provided with a feeding hole, the lower port of the feeding pipe is communicated with the feeding hole in a sealing way, the inner wall of the upper discharging pipe opposite to the feeding hole is provided with a vertical groove, an arc-shaped elastic sheet protruding towards the direction of the feeding hole is arranged in the vertical groove, the upper end of the arc-shaped elastic sheet is fixedly connected with the vertical groove, the lower end of the arc-shaped elastic sheet is a free end, the inner wall of the upper discharging pipe is provided with an internal spline, and the piston is provided with an external spline matched with the internal spline to enable the piston to be connected with the inner wall of the upper discharging pipe in a sliding way,
fixed connection fixed plate on the second riser, the upper end of cylindrical cam with the fixed plate rotates to be connected, the vertical fixed connection connecting rod in piston upper end, the upper end of connecting rod set up with cylindrical cam's helicla flute sliding connection's traveller, cylindrical cam's upper portion fixed connection third gear, rotate on the fixed plate connect with the second pivot of the coaxial setting of first pivot, in the second pivot fixed connection with third gear engagement's fourth gear, the second pivot with first pivot is passed through electromagnetic clutch and is connected, electromagnetic clutch with the controller electricity is connected.
2. The intelligent variable large-granule fertilizer applicator of claim 1, wherein: the double track is said and is 2 parallel arrangement's I-steel, set up in the first slide with the upper portion complex T type groove of I-steel, a drive unit includes first motor, first motor set up in the I-steel below, first motor with the controller electricity is connected, first motor pass through the connecting plate with first slide fixed connection, first motor be dual output axle motor, the lower fixed surface of I-steel connects the rack, equal fixed connection on the output shaft at first motor both ends with rack toothing's fifth gear.
3. The intelligent variable large-granule fertilizer spreading device according to claim 2, wherein: the diameter of the large-particle fertilizer is 5cm, and the inner diameters of the conveying pipe, the upper discharging pipe and the lower discharging pipe are matched with the inner diameter of the large-particle fertilizer.
4. The intelligent variable large-granule fertilizer applicator of claim 3, wherein: the mobile chassis is a crawler-type walking chassis, and a cab for manually controlling the crawler-type walking chassis to run is arranged on the crawler-type walking chassis.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210085994.6A CN114424699B (en) | 2022-01-25 | 2022-01-25 | Large granule fertilizer injection unit of intelligence variable |
| LU103059A LU103059B1 (en) | 2022-01-25 | 2023-01-13 | Intelligent and amount-variable fertilizing apparatus for large-particle fertilizers |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210085994.6A CN114424699B (en) | 2022-01-25 | 2022-01-25 | Large granule fertilizer injection unit of intelligence variable |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN114424699A CN114424699A (en) | 2022-05-03 |
| CN114424699B true CN114424699B (en) | 2023-03-24 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202210085994.6A Active CN114424699B (en) | 2022-01-25 | 2022-01-25 | Large granule fertilizer injection unit of intelligence variable |
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| CN (1) | CN114424699B (en) |
| LU (1) | LU103059B1 (en) |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103718719B (en) * | 2013-12-31 | 2015-12-02 | 长沙伟诺机电有限公司 | Orchard tumbril |
| CN103782705B (en) * | 2014-01-26 | 2015-08-19 | 北京农业信息技术研究中心 | A kind of orchard is to target variable liquid fertilizing device and fertilizing method |
| CN105340443B (en) * | 2015-10-14 | 2016-09-07 | 西北农林科技大学 | A kind of orchard is to target fertilizer applicator and Variable Control method thereof |
| DE102018111147A1 (en) * | 2018-05-09 | 2019-11-14 | Lemken Gmbh & Co Kg | Seed drill with depth guide on the fertilizer share |
| CN108770421B (en) * | 2018-06-27 | 2021-02-09 | 中南林业科技大学 | Fixed-point quantitative intelligent fertilizer applicator |
| US11134606B2 (en) * | 2019-03-08 | 2021-10-05 | Deere & Company | Planter row unit with load sensing depth stop assembly |
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2022
- 2022-01-25 CN CN202210085994.6A patent/CN114424699B/en active Active
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- 2023-01-13 LU LU103059A patent/LU103059B1/en active IP Right Grant
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| LU103059B1 (en) | 2023-07-13 |
| CN114424699A (en) | 2022-05-03 |
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