LU101977B1 - Shield system capable of effectively reducing disturbance of surrounding rocks - Google Patents
Shield system capable of effectively reducing disturbance of surrounding rocks Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- LU101977B1 LU101977B1 LU101977A LU101977A LU101977B1 LU 101977 B1 LU101977 B1 LU 101977B1 LU 101977 A LU101977 A LU 101977A LU 101977 A LU101977 A LU 101977A LU 101977 B1 LU101977 B1 LU 101977B1
- Authority
- LU
- Luxembourg
- Prior art keywords
- shield
- skin
- grouting
- primary
- effectively reducing
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 claims description 46
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 abstract description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 14
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000009499 grossing Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000004078 waterproofing Methods 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L1/00—Measuring force or stress, in general
- G01L1/02—Measuring force or stress, in general by hydraulic or pneumatic means
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/38—Waterproofing; Heat insulating; Soundproofing; Electric insulating
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/06—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining
- E21D9/0607—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining the shield being provided with devices for lining the tunnel, e.g. shuttering
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/06—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining
- E21D9/08—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining with additional boring or cutting means other than the conventional cutting edge of the shield
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/06—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining
- E21D9/093—Control of the driving shield, e.g. of the hydraulic advancing cylinders
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L1/00—Measuring force or stress, in general
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
Abstract
Disclosed is a shield system capable of effectively reducing disturbance of surrounding rocks. During the boring process, a ground stress detected hi real tune is fed back to a ground control system through a pressure detection device while a GIS positioning system locating a real-time position of a shield machine and feeding back positioning data to the ground control system, and the ground control system combines real-time positioning data with real-time ground stress data to calibrate and adjust two airbags to further adjust a propulsion power of the shield machine hi real time through the two airbags such that the shield machine maintains a steady propulsion speed. In addition, a waterproof slurry is discharged to a junction where a shield skin I is connected to a shield skin II through a grouting hole, then a slag is contacted and mixed with the waterproof slurry to form a slag waterproof mixture, which is extruded through the outside of the shield skin II, so that the mixture is compacted and fixed on a surface of a tunnel goaf formed after the shield machine performs boring process, thereby improving soil strength and waterproof treatment of the surface of the tunnel goaf, reaching the effect of preventing ground subsidence, and smoothing a rib surface and reducing seepage path.
Description
SHIELD SYSTEM CAPABLE OF EFFECTIVELY REDUCING DISTURBANCE OF |
The disclosure relates to a shield system, in particular, to a shield system capable of effectively | reducing disturbance of surrounding rocks. | At present, by improving the utilization of underground space, the ground traffic congestion and | other situations can be effectively alleviated.
During the construction of underground space, due to the | constraints of urban environmental factors such as the construction site and road traffic, traditional | construction methods are difficult to apply universally.
It was considered that tunnel construction has | the characteristics of high degree of automation, labor saving, fast construction speed, fast | construction speed, one-time tunnel formation, no influence by climate, controllable ground ; subsidence during excavation, reducing the impact on ground structures and not affecting the water , surface traffic when excavating underwater and so on.
Based on the above advantages, the shield | machines have been widely used in subway, railway, highway, municipal, hydropower and other ; tunnel projects.
However, since the cutterhead of the ordinary shield machine will cause greater | disturbance to the soil around the pipe during the boring process, resulting in surface subsidence; the ' existing outer-skin grouting technology may improve the strength of tunnel support by grouting mixed À slag soil, but this technology needs to be performed after the shield machine performs boring, À resulting in lower efficiency.
At present, there is no shield system, which can perform grouting during l the boring process of the shield machine to make the waterproof slurry and part of the slag produced | during the boring process be mixed and extruded outside the shield skin to form a waterproof layer | outside the pipe for both improving the waterproof capacity of the tunnel support structure and 7 reducing the amount of slag transported to the surface during construction, thereby reducing the | disturbance on the surrounding rocks.
Therefore, this shield system is to be researched in the industry. : In view of the problems in the prior art, the disclosure provides a shield system capable of ; effectively reducing disturbance of surrounding rocks, which may perform grouting during the boring ’
process of the shield machine for both improving the waterproof capacity of the tunnel hot structure to prevent ground subsidence and reducing the amount of slag transported to the surface during construction to reduce construction cost and protect the ecological environment.
To achieve above purposes, a technical solution adopted by the disclosure is: a shield system capable of effectively reducing disturbance of surrounding rocks, including a cutterhead assembly, a shield skin I, a shield skin II, an outer-skin grouting pipe, a pressure detection device and a delivery main pipe, wherein the cutterhead assembly is mounted at a front end of the shield skin I, and a rear end of the shield skin I is coaxially and fixedly connected to a front end of the shield II; the cutterhead assembly includes a primary excavation surface, a cutting surface and a secondary excavation surface, the primary and secondary excavation surfaces are parallel to each other, the primary and secondary excavation surfaces are all circular, and a circular outer diameter of the secondary excavation surface is smaller than the circular inner diameter of the primary excavation surface; an outer edge of the primary excavation surface is provided with an earth inlet, and the earth | inlet is located outside the shield skin I; the cufting surface is disposed between the primary | excavation surface and the secondary excavation surface, the cutting surface is a conical shape with | open ends, a large end of the cutting surface is movably connected to a circular inner wall of the | primary excavation surface, and a small end of the cutting surface is movably connected to a circular | outer edge of the secondary excavation surface; the cutting surface is mounted with a plurality of bit | tools; | the pressure detection device includes two airbags and an airbag drive, the airbag drive is fixed to | a rear portion of the cutterhead assembly, and the two airbags are fixed symmetrically to the airbag | drive; the two airbags cooperate with the airbag drive to detect a ground stress in front of the shield; | a circle of grouting holes is disposed at a position wherein the rear end of the shield skin I is connected to the front end of the shield skin II, and a hole distance between each of the grouting holes is equal; the delivery main pipe and a plurality of outer-skin grouting pipes are disposed in the shield skin II, and the number of outer-skin grouting pipes is the same as the grouting holes; one end of the | plurality of outer-skin grouting pipes communicates with the delivery main pipe, and the other end of | the plurality of outer-skin grouting pipes communicates with each of the grouting holes for outputting | a waterproof slurry to the outside of the skin. | 2
Further, the system further includes a ground control system and a GIS positioning syste RE GIS positioning system being disposed inside the shield, both the pressure detection device and the GIS positioning system being connected to the ground control system.
Further, the primary excavation surface accounts for 50% to 70% of a total area of the cutterhead assembly.
Further, the hole distance between each of the grouting holes is 5cm; a hole diameter of each of the grouting holes is 3cm. | Further, the plurality of bit tools are inclinedly disposed on the cutting surface with an inclined | angle of 15° to 30° clockwise. | Further, the cutting surface has a depth of 0.8m to 1.1m. | Compared with the prior art, in the disclosure, with combination of the cutterhead assembly, the | shield skin I, the shield skin II, the outer-skin grouting pipe, the pressure detection device and the | delivery main pipe, at the beginning of the boring process, a ground stress in front of the shield is | detected in real time by the pressure detection device, the pressure detection device feeds back a | ground stress detected in real time to a ground control system while a GIS positioning system locating | a real-time position of a shield machine and feeding back positioning data to the ground control | system, and the ground control system combines real-time positioning data with real-time ground | stress data to calibrate and adjust two airbags to further adjust a propulsion power of the shield | machine in real time through the two airbags such that the shield machine maintains a steady | propulsion speed; during the boring process, the slag is transported outside the shield skin I and the | shield skin II through an earth inlet, a waterproof slurry is discharged to a position where the shield | skin I is connected to the shield skin II through an grouting hole, at which time a slag is contacted and | mixed with the waterproof slurry to form a slag waterproof mixture after stirring to enter outside the | shield skin II, which is squeezed through the outside of the shield skin II to be compacted and fixed on | a surface of a tunnel goaf formed after the boring by the shield machine; then, the soil strength on the | surface of the tunnel goaf are improved, so that preliminary support and waterproofing are carried out | at the same time as the tunnel is bored before the installation of the pipes to achieve the effect of | preventing surface subsidence and to reduce the disturbance on the surrounding rocks, and the rib | surface are smoothed such that the rib surface closely fit with the outer wall of the pipe and reduces the water seepage path; at the same time, the slag is used for waterproofing and fixing, which $1867 reduces the amount of slag transported to the surface during the construction process, reduces the construction cost, and protects the ecological environment. Brief Description Of Drawings Fig. 1 is a structural view of the disclosure; Fig. 2 is a structural view of an airbag and an airbag drive in the disclosure.
In figures: 1-cutterhead assembly, 2-airbag drive, 3-outer-skin grouting pipe, 4-airbag, 5-primary excavation surface, 6-secondary excavation surface, 7-delivery main pipe, 8-grouting hole, 9-earth inlet, 10-cutting surface.
| Detailed description | The disclosure will be further elaborated hereafter.
| As shown in Figs. 1 and 2, the disclosure includes a cutterhead assembly 1, a shield skin I, a | shield skin II, an outer-skin grouting pipe 3, a pressure detection device and a delivery main pipe 7, | wherein the cutterhead assembly 1 is mounted at a front end of the shield skin I, and a rear end of the | shield skin I is coaxially and fixedly connected to a front end of the shield II; | the cutterhead assembly 1 includes a primary excavation surface 5, a cutting surface 10 and a | secondary excavation surface 6, the primary and secondary excavation surfaces 5 and 6 are parallel to | each other, the primary and secondary excavation surfaces 5 and 6 are all circular, and a circular outer | diameter of the secondary excavation surface 6 is smaller than the circular inner diameter of the | primary excavation surface 5; an outer edge of the primary excavation surface 5 is provided with an | earth inlet 9, and the earth inlet 9 is located outside the shield skin I; the cutting surface 10 is disposed | between the primary excavation surface 5 and the secondary excavation surface 6, the cutting surface | 10 is a conical shape with open ends, a large end of the cutting surface 10 is movably connected to a : circular inner wall of the primary excavation surface 5, and a small end of the cutting surface 10 is : movably connected to a circular outer edge of the secondary excavation surface 6; the cutting surface | 10 is mounted with a plurality of bit tools; | the pressure detection device includes two airbags 4 and an airbag drive 2, the airbag drive 2 is fixed to a rear portion of the cutterhead assembly 1, and the two airbags 4 are fixed symmetrically % the airbag drive 2; the two airbags 4 cooperate with the airbag drive 2 to detect a ground stress in front of the shield, and then adjust a propulsion power of the shield machine according to the ground stress; a circle of grouting holes 8 is disposed at a position wherein the rear end of the shield skin I is connected to the front end of the shield skin II, and a hole distance between each of the grouting holes 8 is equal; the delivery main pipe 7 and a plurality of outer-skin grouting pipes 3 are disposed in the shield skin II, and the number of outer-skin grouting pipes 3 is the same as the grouting holes 8; one end of the plurality of outer-skin grouting pipes 3 communicates with the delivery main pipe 7, and ! the other end of the plurality of outer-skin grouting pipes 3 communicates with each of the grouting holes 8 for outputting a waterproof slurry to the outside of the skin.
Further, the system further includes a ground control system and a GIS positioning system, the | GIS positioning system being disposed inside the shield, both the pressure detection device and the | GIS positioning system being connected to the ground control system. | Further, the primary excavation surface 5 accounts for 50% to 70% of a total area of the | cutterhead assembly 1; the plurality of bit tools are inclinedly disposed on the horizontal cutting | surface 10 with an inclined angle of 15° to 30° clockwise; the cutting surface 10 has a depth of 0.8m | to 1.1m. With this arrangement in structure, when the shield machine is in boring process, the rock and | soil center body may be kept to ensure the support of the central core soil to the soil body of the shield | top, reduce the external environment damage to the shield machine, and reduce the working | propulsion resistance. | Further, the hole distance between each of the grouting holes 8 is Sem; a hole diameter of each of | the grouting holes 8 is 3cm. It’s best to use this size. If the hole distance of the grouting holes 8 is too | large, the slag and the waterproof slurry may not be mixed and stirred sufficiently, and if the hole | distance of the grouting holes 8 is too small, the passage of the slag may be affected; and the hole | diameter needs to match the access amount of the shield machine. | When the disclosure is mounted to the shield machine with the primary excavation surface 5 at | the forefront (outermost) of the shield machine, the primary excavation surface 5 touches the soil | while the surrounding area being under pressure that is transmitted to the pressure detection device | through the secondary excavation surface 6 during the excavation process of the shield machine, and the airbags 4 cooperate with the airbag drive 2 to detect a ground stress in front of the shield, and Hel / the pressure detection device feeds back a ground stress detected in real time to a ground control system while a GIS positioning system locating a real-time position of a shield machine and feeding back positioning data to the ground control system, and the ground control system combines real-time positioning data with real-time ground stress data to calibrate and adjust two airbags to further adjust a propulsion power of the shield machine in real time through the two airbags such that the shield machine maintains a steady propulsion speed; if the ground stress is large, the propulsion power of the shield machine is increased, and if the ground stress is small, the propulsion power of the shield machine is reduced, so that the speed of the shield machine may be kept stable during the boring process; during the boring process of the tunnel, the slag formed by excavation of the shield enters between the outside of shield skin I and the surrounding rock and soil body through the earth inlet 9, and as the excavation progresses, the slag moves to the outside of shield skin II while injecting the waterproof slurry, which is discharged from each of the grouting holes 8 through each of the outer-skin grouting pipes 3, from the end of the delivery main pipe 7, and then, the slag and the waterproof slurry contact and mix with each other when the slag reaches the position where the shield skin I is connected to the shield skin II, and as the shield continues to excavate and rotate, the above two mix with each other and enter the outside of shield skin, and then the mixture of the slag and the slurry is extruded from the outside of the shield skin II to make it compact and fixed on the surface of the goaf formed after excavation by the shield machine; the soil strength on the surface of the tunnel goaf are improved, so that preliminary support and waterproofing are carried out at the same time as the tunnel is bored before the installation of the pipes to achieve the effect of preventing surface subsidence, and the rib surface are smoothed such that the rib surface closely fit with the outer wall of the pipe and reduces the water seepage path; at the same time, the slag is used for waterproofing and fixing, which also reduces the amount of slag transported to the surface during the construction process, reduces the construction cost, and protects the ecological environment. 6
Claims (6)
1. A shield system capable of effectively reducing disturbance of surrounding rocks, | comprising a cutterhead assembly, a shield skin I, a shield skin II, an outer-skin grouting pipe, a | pressure detection device and a delivery main pipe, wherein the cutterhead assembly is mounted | at a front end of the shield skin I, and a rear end of the shield skin I is coaxially and fixedly / connected to a front end of the shield II; | the cutterhead assembly comprises a primary excavation surface, a cutting surface and a | secondary excavation surface, the primary and secondary excavation surfaces are parallel to each | other, the primary and secondary excavation surfaces are all circular, and a circular outer diameter | of the secondary excavation surface is smaller than the circular inner diameter of the primary | excavation surface; an outer edge of the primary excavation surface is provided with an earth inlet, | and the earth inlet is located outside the shield skin I; the cutting surface is disposed between the | primary excavation surface and the secondary excavation surface, the cutting surface is a conical { shape with open ends, a large end of the cutting surface is movably connected to a circular inner | wall of the primary excavation surface, and a small end of the cutting surface is movably | connected to a circular outer edge of the secondary excavation surface; the cutting surface is | mounted with a plurality of bit tools; | the pressure detection device comprises two airbags and an airbag drive, the airbag drive is | fixed to a rear portion of the cutterhead assembly, and the two airbags are fixed symmetrically to | the airbag drive; the two airbags cooperate with the airbag drive to detect a ground stress in front | of the shield; | a circle of grouting holes is disposed at a position wherein the rear end of the shield skin I is connected to the front end of the shield skin II, and a hole distance between each of the grouting holes is equal; the delivery main pipe and a plurality of outer-skin grouting pipes are disposed in the shield skin II, and the number of outer-skin grouting pipes is the same as the grouting holes; one end of the plurality of outer-skin grouting pipes communicates with the delivery main pipe, and the other end of the plurality of outer-skin grouting pipes communicates with each of the grouting holes for outputting a waterproof slurry to the outside of the skin.
2. The shield system capable of effectively reducing disturbance of surrounding rocks 1 according to claim 1, wherein the system further comprises a ground control system and a GI" 01977 | positioning system, the GIS positioning system being disposed inside the shield, both the pressure | detection device and the GIS positioning system being connected to the ground control system. |
3. The shield system capable of effectively reducing disturbance of surrounding rocks | according to claim 1, wherein the primary excavation surface accounts for 50% to 70% of a total | area of the cutterhead assembly. |
4. The shield system capable of effectively reducing disturbance of surrounding rocks | according to claim 1, wherein the hole distance between each of the grouting holes is 5cm; a hole | diameter of each of the grouting holes is 3cm. |
5. The shield system capable of effectively reducing disturbance of surrounding rocks | according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of bit tools are inclinedly disposed on the cutting | surface with an inclined angle of 15° to 30° clockwise. |
6. The shield system capable of effectively reducing disturbance of surrounding rocks ; according to claim 1, wherein the cutting surface has a depth of 0.8m to 1.1m. .
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010386754.0A CN111350515A (en) | 2020-05-09 | 2020-05-09 | Shield head structure for effectively controlling surface settlement |
| CN202010656354.7A CN111648779B (en) | 2020-05-09 | 2020-07-09 | Shield head system capable of effectively reducing surrounding rock disturbance |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| LU101977B1 true LU101977B1 (en) | 2021-02-10 |
Family
ID=71193529
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| LU101977A LU101977B1 (en) | 2020-05-09 | 2020-08-05 | Shield system capable of effectively reducing disturbance of surrounding rocks |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (2) | CN111350515A (en) |
| AU (1) | AU2020100911A4 (en) |
| LU (1) | LU101977B1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111365014A (en) * | 2020-05-09 | 2020-07-03 | 徐州工程学院 | Shield machine special-shaped cutter head capable of effectively improving tunneling efficiency |
| CN111350515A (en) * | 2020-05-09 | 2020-06-30 | 徐州工程学院 | Shield head structure for effectively controlling surface settlement |
| CN113108727B (en) * | 2021-04-13 | 2022-09-23 | 中铁工程装备集团有限公司 | Shield machine and detection system for sensing central region deformation of cutter head of shield machine |
| CN113266376B (en) * | 2021-05-12 | 2024-06-07 | 济南轨道交通集团有限公司 | Model test device for simulating shield near-grounding underground structure micro-disturbance construction |
| CN113137239B (en) * | 2021-05-15 | 2023-08-22 | 中铁十一局武汉重型装备有限公司 | Method for reinforcing tunnel face of shield cutter head and grouting reinforcing device for method |
| CN113685186A (en) * | 2021-08-09 | 2021-11-23 | 北京城建轨道交通建设工程有限公司 | Tunneling method for geological drilling in shield underpass water area |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP3595465B2 (en) * | 1999-06-29 | 2004-12-02 | 鹿島建設株式会社 | Shield machine, tunnel construction method and tunnel |
| CN205477628U (en) * | 2015-10-28 | 2016-08-17 | 广州建恒机电设备安装有限公司 | Biliquid thick liquid device is annotated in step in shield driving |
| CN105257310A (en) * | 2015-11-04 | 2016-01-20 | 上海大学 | Heading face advance protective type shield |
| CN208845229U (en) * | 2018-10-17 | 2019-05-10 | 中铁隧道局集团有限公司 | Big cross section rectangular top pipe tunnel portal sealing device |
| CN109630144B (en) * | 2018-12-05 | 2020-07-07 | 中交二航局第三工程有限公司 | Method for replacing two shield tail brush rings of shield tunneling machine for water-rich stratum tunnel construction |
| CN111350515A (en) * | 2020-05-09 | 2020-06-30 | 徐州工程学院 | Shield head structure for effectively controlling surface settlement |
-
2020
- 2020-05-09 CN CN202010386754.0A patent/CN111350515A/en active Pending
- 2020-06-01 AU AU2020100911A patent/AU2020100911A4/en not_active Ceased
- 2020-07-09 CN CN202010656354.7A patent/CN111648779B/en active Active
- 2020-08-05 LU LU101977A patent/LU101977B1/en active IP Right Grant
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN111648779A (en) | 2020-09-11 |
| CN111648779B (en) | 2021-07-27 |
| AU2020100911A4 (en) | 2020-07-09 |
| CN111350515A (en) | 2020-06-30 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| FG | Patent granted |
Effective date: 20210210 |