LU101826B1

LU101826B1 - Device for kitchen waste composting

Info

Publication number: LU101826B1
Application number: LU101826A
Authority: LU
Inventors: Weibing Zhu; Wenyi Zhang; Mingguo Peng; Jianfeng Ma; Erdeng Du; Xinggang Huang
Original assignee: Univ Changzhou
Priority date: 2019-06-04
Filing date: 2020-06-03
Publication date: 2021-06-08
Also published as: CN110204364A; LU101826A1; CN110204364B

Abstract

The present invention discloses a device for kitchen waste composting, including a first cabinet, a connecting section and a second cabinet disposed sequentially in a horizontal direction from left to right. Solar cell panels are fixed around an outer side wall of the first cabinet. In the first cabinet, a constant-temperature heating rod is downwards suspended from the top center. A storage battery is placed at one side of the bottom of the first cabinet far away from the second cabinet. An inclined plate is disposed to separate the storage battery from the rest inside space of the first cabinet. In the second cabinet, a vertical cylinder is suspended in the middle. The bottom of the cylinder is a net plate. A cylindrical carbon net is disposed inside the cylinder in a sleeved way. A fan is disposed inside the carbon net. A space is formed at one side of the bottom of the second cabinet far away from the first cabinet by an inclined sieve plate and a side wall of the second cabinet, and is filled with an anthracene-based metal-organic framework structure material, and an ultraviolet lamp and a xenon lamp are also disposed in the center. The connecting section is provided with a horizontal spiral conveyor. The device of the present invention can treat kitchen wastes at zero power consumption and high efficiency and can obtain compost.

Description

DEVICE FOR KITCHEN WASTE COMPOSTING LU101826

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of fertilizer manufacturing, and particularly relates to equipment for manufacturing fertilizers prepared from household waste or urban and town waste.

DESCRIPTION OF RELATED ART

[0002] In the domestic waste, kitchen waste accounts for 50% to 70%, and the kitchen waste is a main pollution source of urban domestic waste. Source separation of the kitchen waste can avoid mutual pollution among components of the waste, and can also can greatly reduce the pressure of terminal treatment. The kitchen waste is rich in organic matters, grease and nutrient elements (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium and various trace elements), and has a high utilization value, and is treated mainly in a resource-oriented mode. Looking over kitchen waste treatment modes in various countries, in the United States, the kitchen waste and courtyard waste are composted with households as units. Japan promotes reduction of the total amount of food waste, and recycles as much as possible, with composting as a supplemented measure. In Korea, microbial strains are generally used to intensively treat the kitchen waste to produce feed. At present, the treatment methods of the kitchen waste in China mainly include sanitary landfill, incineration, composting methods and the like.

Landfill has many defects including that a large number of resources are wasted, the land is occupied, and underground water is easily polluted. Incineration will produce toxic gas and carbon dioxide, causing pollution to the atmosphere. Through composting, fertilizers can be prepared, and the waste can be changed into valuables. Therefore, the composting is a better method for treating the kitchen waste at present.

[0003] A kitchen waste composting treatment technology mainly includes aerobic composting and anaerobic fermentation. In an aerobic composting process, under the aerobic condition, extracellular enzymes secreted by aerobic microorganisms are utilized to decompose organic matters into soluble matters that are absorbed by microorganisms. An aerobic composting treatment method has attracted much attention due to the advantages of simple treatment method, low cost, high harmlessness degree, large treatment capacity, and convenient transportation of treated products, suitability for farmland application and suitability for sustainable development of modern agriculture. The kitchen waste mainly includes starch, cellulose, protein and lipid, and can be utilized and decomposed by the microorganisms.

However, because the number of beneficial microorganisms is relatively small at an initial V101826 stage of composting, large-amount reproduction needs a certain period of time, and there are the defects of long fermentation period, low efficiency and the like. At the same time, the occupied area is large, a nitrogen loss phenomenon exists in the composting process, malodorous smell exists, and sewage and the malodorous smell generated in the composting process will cause secondary pollution on the environment.

[0004] The anaerobic fermentation refers to that organic matters are converted into carbon dioxides and methane by utilizing a decomposition effect of the microorganisms under anoxic conditions, and is roughly divided into two stages including acid production and methane production. At the acid production stage, complex organic matters are decomposed into simple organic matters by hydrolysis and fermentation flora, and are further degraded into various organic acids. At the methane production stage, parts of simple organic matters are converted into methane and carbon dioxides by methanogenic bacteria. Compared with aerobic composting, anaerobic biological treatment has the advantages that a large amount of methane gas can be recovered, energy recovery is realized, and a great economic value is realized. The anaerobic treatment has no tail gas pollution and has ecological advantages. During the anaerobic treatment, requirements on the moisture are less strict than those under the aerobic conditions, a reaction temperature can be maintained through all or parts of recovered energy, and energy balance can be realized. The requirements of anaerobic microorganisms on nutrient elements such as N and P are lower than those of aerobic microorganisms, so that an additional cost is reduced. Fermented biogas residues and biogas slurry can be used as good organic fertilizers, and can become animal feed after proper treatment.

[0005] Due to the high technical basis of anaerobic fermentation of organic waste in China, large, medium and small-sized biogas projects have reached the world’s leading level, and the anaerobic fermentation of the kitchen waste has considerable advantages in China. However, the anaerobic treatment of the kitchen waste still has a series of problems: there is no mature professional technology and equipment, there is a gap with foreign countries, and technical equipment does not meet requirements of commercialization and industrialization; and additionally, in the composting process, a temperature rising process of compost may be influenced by too high water content, so that a composting period is directly influenced, and at the same time, a volume load of the device is reduced due to the high water content, and the efficiency of the device is reduced.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Technical Problem

[0006] In view of this, the objective of the present invention is to provide a device for kitchen waste composting. Kitchen waste is firstly subjected to anaerobic treatment and then subjected to aerobic treatment, such that the kitchen waste can be treated at zero power consumption and high efficiency, and compost is obtained. Technical Solution

[0007] The device for kitchen waste composting includes a first cabinet, a connecting section and a second cabinet disposed sequentially in a horizontal direction from left to right. The bottom of the connecting section is simultaneously connected with the bottom of the first cabinet and the bottom of the second cabinet at the same time.

[0008] The top of the first cabinet is open. Solar cell panels are fixed around an outer side wall of the first cabinet. In the first cabinet, a constant-temperature heating rod is downwards suspended from the top center of the first cabinet. In the first cabinet, a storage battery is placed at one side of the bottom of the first cabinet far away from the second cabinet. An inclined plate is disposed at this side to separate the storage battery from the rest inside space of the first cabinet. A bottom edge of the inclined plate is positioned at a bottom surface of the first cabinet. A top edge of the inclined plate is positioned at a left side wall of the first cabinet. Two side edges of the inclined plate are respectively positioned on front and back side walls of the first cabinet. The storage battery is connected with the solar cell panels. The storage battery is also connected with the constant-temperature heating rod.

[0009] The top of the second cabinet is open. In the second cabinet, a vertical cylinder is suspended in the middle. The top of the cylinder is higher than the top of the second cabinet. The bottom of the cylinder is a net plate. The net plate is positioned above the bottom of the second cabinet. A cylindrical carbon net is disposed inside the cylinder in a sleeved way. A fan is disposed inside the carbon net. The carbon net and the fan are both connected with the storage battery.

[0010] In the second cabinet, an inclined sieve plate is disposed at one side of the bottom of the second cabinet far away from the first cabinet. A bottom edge of the inclined sieve plate is positioned at a bottom surface of the second cabinet. A top edge of the inclined sieve plate is positioned at a right side wall of the second cabinet. Two side edges of the inclined sieve plate are respectively positioned on front and back side walls of the second cabinet. A space formed-U101826 by the inclined sieve plate, the right side wall of the second cabinet and the front and back side walls of the second cabinet is filled with an anthracene-based metal-organic framework structure material. An ultraviolet lamp and a xenon lamp are disposed in center positions of the space. The ultraviolet lamp and the xenon lamp are connected with the storage battery through a timing relay.

[0011] The connecting section is provided with a horizontal spiral conveyor. The horizontal spiral conveyor is driven by a motor. The motor is connected with the storage battery. A feeding opening of the horizontal spiral conveyor is connected with the bottom of the first cabinet. A discharging opening of the horizontal spiral conveyor is connected with the bottom of the second cabinet.

[0012] The anthracene-based metal-organic framework structure material may be prepared by methods disclosed in documents in the prior art, such as methods disclosed in Jin-Yue Zeng, et al., “Structural Transformation in Metal-Organic Frameworks for Reversible Binding of Oxygen” (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed, 2019, DOI: 10.1002/anie.201902810), and other methods.

[0013] In a preferred technical solution, an included angle between an inclined surface of the inclined plate and a horizontal plane is 60°.

[0014] In a preferred technical solution, an included angle between an inclined surface of an inclined sieve plate and a horizontal plane is 60°.

[0015] In a preferred technical solution, a heating temperature of the constant-temperature heating rod is 40°C to 60°C.

[0016] In a preferred technical solution, the first cabinet is in a cuboid or cube shape.

[0017] In a preferred technical solution, the second cabinet is in a cuboid or cube shape.

[0018] In a preferred technical solution, a rotating speed of a horizontal spiral conveyor is in a range of 0.5 r/min to 1 r/min.

[0019] In the device for kitchen waste composting of the present invention, by disposing the constant-temperature heating rod in the first cabinet, an anaerobic composting temperature is controlled under the condition most suitable for rapid propagation of microorganisms, so that an anaerobic composting process is accelerated. At the same time, by horizontally disposing the spiral propeller, a compost initial product is slowly propelled to the second cabinet while being stirred and cured, and through oxygenation and sterilization in the second cabinet, the aerobic composting process is completed. Additionally, a liquid evaporation structure is disposed in the second cabinet, so that the obtained compost is relatively dry. After composting, the kitchen waste can be directly used as fertilizers. The device for kitchen waste composting of the present invention realizes efficient and rapid composting at zero power 4101826 consumption and does not need manual control. Advantageous Effect 5 [0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects.

[0021] (1) The device of the present invention is completely and automatically controlled without the need of any additional power, and can realize zero power consumption.

[0022] (2) The device of the present invention solves the problem of low composting effect caused by temperature instability in anaerobic composting, and can realize continuous rapid composting.

[0023] (3) The device of the present invention solves the problems of low composting efficiency and low composting speed caused by high water content in the kitchen waste, and can realize efficient and rapid composting.

[0024] (4) The device of the present invention has a wide application range, can be used in families, and can also be used in enterprise dining halls.

[0025] These and other objectives, features, and advantages of the present invention will become more fully apparent through the following detailed description, drawings, and claims, and may be realized by the means, devices, and combinations thereof particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a device for kitchen waste composting of the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0027] The implementations of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments for a clearer understanding of the technical content of the present invention.

[0028] As shown in Fig. 1, in a specific embodiment of the present invention, a device for kitchen waste composting sequentially includes a first cabinet 1, a connecting section and a second cabinet 2 in a horizontal direction from left to right. The bottom of the connecting section is connected with the bottom of the first cabinet 1 and the bottom of the second cabinet 2 at the same time. LU101826

[0029] The top of the first cabinet 1 is open. Solar cell panels 4 are fixed on a left side wall, a right side wall, a front side wall and a back side wall (i.e. around an outer side wall) of the first cabinet 1. In the first cabinet 1, a constant-temperature heating rod 3 is downwards suspended from the top center of the first cabinet 1. In the first cabinet 1, a storage battery 6 is placed at one side near the left side wall of the first cabinet 1 (i.e. one side of the bottom of the first cabinet 1 far away from the second cabinet 2). An inclined plate 5 is disposed at this side to separate the storage battery 6 from the rest inside space of the first cabinet 1. A bottom edge of the inclined plate 5 is positioned on a bottom surface of the first cabinet 1. A top edge of the inclined plate 5 is positioned at the left side wall of the first cabinet 1. Two side edges of the inclined plate 5 are respectively positioned on the front and back side walls of the first cabinet 1. The storage battery 6 is connected with the solar cell panels 4, so that electric energy obtained by the solar cell panels 4 is stored in the storage battery 6. The storage battery 6 is also connected with the constant-temperature heating rod 3.

[0030] The top of the second cabinet 2 is open. In the second cabinet 2, a vertical cylinder 13 is suspended in the middle. The top of the cylinder 13 is higher than the top of the second cabinet 2. The bottom of the cylinder 13 is a net plate 14. The net plate 14 is positioned above the bottom of the second cabinet 2. A cylindrical carbon net 15 is disposed inside the cylinder 13 in a sleeved way. A fan 16 is disposed inside the carbon net 15. The carbon net 15 and the fan 16 are connected with the storage battery 6. The carbon net 15 can generate heat under a power on condition.

[0031] In the second cabinet 2, an inclined sieve plate 9 is disposed at one side near a right side wall of the second cabinet 2 (i.e. one side of the bottom of the second cabinet 2 far away from the first cabinet 1). A bottom edge of the inclined sieve plate 9 is positioned at a bottom surface of the second cabinet 2. A top edge of the inclined sieve plate 9 is positioned at the right side wall of the second cabinet 2. Two side edges of the inclined sieve plate 9 are respectively positioned on front and back side walls of the second cabinet 2. A space formed by (an inclined surface of) the inclined sieve plate 9, the right side wall of the second cabinet 2 and the front and back side walls of the second cabinet 2 is filled with an anthracene-based metal-organic framework structure material 10. An ultraviolet lamp 11 and a xenon lamp 12 are disposed in center positions of the space. The ultraviolet lamp 11 and the xenon lamp 12 are connected with the storage battery 6 through a timing relay 17 (i.e., the storage battery 6 is connected with the timing relay 17, and the time relay 17 is connected with the ultraviolet lamp 11 and the xenon lamp 12). The ultraviolet lamp 11 and the xenon lamp 12 can be automatically turned on in turn. When the ultraviolet lamp 11 is turned on, thd-U101826 anthracene-based metal-organic framework structure material 10 can absorb singlet oxygen in visible light. When the xenon lamp 12 is turned on, the anthracene-based metal-organic framework structure material 10 releases oxygen gas.

[0032] The connecting section is provided with a horizontal spiral conveyor 7. The horizontal spiral conveyor 7 is driven by a motor 8. The motor 8 is connected with the storage battery 6. A feeding opening of the horizontal spiral conveyor 7 is connected with the bottom of the first cabinet 1. A discharging opening of the horizontal spiral conveyor 7 is connected with the bottom of the second cabinet 2. The horizontal spiral conveyor 7 could be a horizontal spiral propeller.

[0033] In the above specific implementation of the device for kitchen waste composting of the present invention, the anthracene-based metal-organic framework structure material 10 may be prepared by methods disclosed in documents in the prior art, such as methods disclosed in Jin-Yue Zeng, et al., “Structural Transformation in Metal-Organic Frameworks for Reversible Binding of Oxygen” (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed, 2019, DOI: 10.1002/anie.201902810), and other methods. À specific preparation process is listed below: Benzoic acid (100 mg, 0.82 mmol) was dissolved in 5 mL of dimethylformamide to obtain a first solution. Then, 9,10-anthryl bis(benzoic acid) (20.9 mg, 0.05 mmol), ZrOCIa:8H:0 (10 mg, 0.03 mmol) and the first solution were mixed and subjected to ultrasonic dissolution to obtain a second solution. The second solution was stirred by a magnetic stirrer at 100°C for 40 minutes (a rotation speed of the stirrer is 500 rpm) to obtain a third solution. The third solution was subjected to centrifugal cleaning three times with freshly prepared dimethylformamide at a rotating speed of a centrifuge of 10000 rpm, 10 minutes per centrifuge, so that the anthracene-based metal-organic framework structure material (DPA-MOF) was obtained. The mass of the obtained DPA-MOF was 2.4 mg, and a yield was 46%.

[0034] In the above specific implementation of the device for kitchen waste composting of the present invention, an included angle a between an inclined surface of the inclined plate 5 and a horizontal plane may be 60°, so that sliding of the kitchen waste to be treated is smooth, and no dead corner exists.

[0035] In the above specific implementation of the device for kitchen waste composting of the present invention, an included angle b between an inclined surface of the inclined sieve plate 9 and a horizontal plane may be 60°, so that sliding of the kitchen waste to be treated is smooth, and no dead corner exists.

[0036] In the above specific implementation of the device for kitchen waste composting of the present invention, a heating temperature of the constant-temperature heating rod may be in 41101826 range of 40°C to 60°C, so that anaerobic microorganisms can maintain activity, thereby improving the composting efficiency and accelerating the composting process.

[0037] It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that in the above specific implementation of the device for kitchen waste composting of the present invention, the first cabinet 1 may be in a cuboid or cube shape, so that connection is convenient, and no dead corner exists.

[0038] It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that in the above specific implementation of the device for kitchen waste composting of the present invention, the second cabinet 2 may be in a cuboid or cube shape, so that connection is convenient, and no dead corner exists.

[0039] It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that in the above specific implementation of the device for kitchen waste composting of the present invention, a rotating speed of the horizontal spiral conveyor 7 may be 0.5 r/min to 1 r/min, so that a compost initial product is slowly conveyed to the second cabinet 2, and at the same time, a stirring effect is achieved.

[0040] The use method and work principle of the device for kitchen waste composting in the above embodiment are as follows.

[0041] In a use process, the whole device is placed outdoors, so that the solar cell panels 4 can absorb solar energy. Electric energy is stored in the storage battery 6. The storage battery 6 provides a power supply for the constant-temperature heating rod 3, the carbon net 15, the fan 16, the timing relay 17, the ultraviolet lamp 11, the xenon lamp 12 and the motor 8.

[0042] The kitchen waste to be treated is put into the first cabinet 1. The power supply of the constant-temperature heating rod 3, the motor 8, the ultraviolet lamp 11, the xenon lamp 12, the carbon net 15, the fan 16 and the timing relay 17 is powered on (powered by the storage battery 6). The temperature of the heating rod 3 is 40°C to 60°C. Under the effect of the heating rod 3, in the added kitchen waste, microorganisms rapidly propagate to perform anaerobic composting. Under the effect of the horizontal spiral conveyor 7, compost is slowly propelled and moved to the second cabinet 2 while being stirred and cured. The kitchen waste (a compost initial product) subjected to anaerobic treatment in the first cabinet 1 enters the second cabinet 2. In the second cabinet 2, the ultraviolet lamp 11 and the xenon lamp 12 are automatically turned on in turn. The anthracene-based metal-organic framework structure material 10 absorbs singlet oxygen in visible light, and releases oxygen gas. The oxygen gas enters the second cabinet 2 through the inclined sieve plate, so that the kitchen waste (a compost initial product) subjected to anaerobic treatment is subjected to aerobic composting-U101826 in the second cabinet 2, and completes an aerobic composting process under the sterilization effect of the ultraviolet lamp 11. Liquid generated in the composting process enters the inside of the cylinder 13, and upwards seeps along capillary pores of the carbon net 15. The carbon net 15 generates heat after being electrified, so that the liquid is fast volatilized. The evaporation of the liquid is further accelerated through the rotation of the fan 16 in the carbon net 15, so that the compost is relatively dry, and can be directly used as fertilizers.

[0043] Therefore, in the device for kitchen waste composting of the present invention, by disposing the constant-temperature heating rod 3 in the first cabinet 1, an anaerobic composting temperature is controlled under the condition most suitable for rapid propagation of microorganisms, so that the anaerobic composting process is accelerated. At the same time, by horizontally disposing the horizontal spiral conveyor 7, the compost initial product is slowly propelled to the second cabinet while being stirred and cured, and completes the aerobic composting process through oxygenation and sterilization in the second cabinet. Additionally, a liquid evaporation structure is disposed in the second cabinet, so that the obtained compost is relatively dry. After composting, the kitchen waste can be directly used as fertilizers. The device for kitchen waste composting of the present invention realizes efficient and rapid composting at zero power consumption and does not need manual control.

[0044] The device of the present invention is completely and automatically controlled without the need of any additional power, and can realize zero power consumption. The problems of low composting efficiency and low composting speed caused by high water content in the kitchen waste are solved, and the treatment efficiency and speed of the kitchen waste are greatly improved. The problem of low composting efficiency caused by temperature instability in anaerobic composting is solved. Continuous rapid and efficient composting can be realized. The device of the present invention has a wide application range, can be used in families, and can also be used in enterprise dining halls.

[0045] It can be seen that the objective of the present invention has been completely and effectively achieved. The functions and structural principles of the present invention have been shown and described in the embodiments, and the implementations may be modified arbitrarily without departing from the principles. Therefore, the present invention includes all variant implementations based on the spirit and scope of the claims.

[0046] In addition, it should be understood that, although this specification is described according to each implementation, each implementation may not include only one independent technical solution. The description manner of this specification is merely for clarity.

This specification should be considered as a whole by a person skilled in the art, and-U101826 the technical solution in each embodiment may also be properly combined, to form other implementations that can be understood by the person skilled in the art.

Claims

CLAIMS LU101826

1. À device for kitchen waste composting, comprising: a first cabinet, a connecting section and a second cabinet disposed sequentially in a horizontal direction from left to right, wherein the bottom of the connecting section is connected with the bottom of the first cabinet and the bottom of the second cabinet at the same time, wherein the top of the first cabinet is open, solar cell panels are fixed around an outer side wall of the first cabinet, and in the first cabinet, a constant-temperature heating rod is downwards suspended from the top center of the first cabinet; in the first cabinet, a storage battery is placed at one side of the bottom of the first cabinet far away from the second cabinet, an inclined plate is disposed at this side to separate the storage battery from the rest inside space of the first cabinet, a bottom edge of the inclined plate is positioned at a bottom surface of the first cabinet, a top edge of the inclined plate is positioned at a left side wall of the first cabinet, two side edges of the inclined plate are respectively positioned on front and back side walls of the first cabinet, the storage battery is connected with the solar cell panels, and the storage battery is also connected with the constant-temperature heating rod; the top of the second cabinet is open, in the second cabinet, a vertical cylinder is suspended in the middle, the top of the cylinder is higher than the top of the second cabinet, the bottom of the cylinder is a net plate, the net plate is positioned above the bottom of the second cabinet, a cylindrical carbon net is disposed inside the cylinder in a sleeved way, a fan is disposed inside the carbon net, and the carbon net and the fan are both connected with the storage battery; in the second cabinet, an inclined sieve plate is disposed at one side of the bottom of the second cabinet far away from the first cabinet, a bottom edge of the inclined sieve plate is positioned at a bottom surface of the second cabinet, a top edge of the inclined sieve plate is positioned at a right side wall of the second cabinet, two side edges of the inclined sieve plate are respectively positioned on front and back side walls of the second cabinet, a space formed by the inclined sieve plate, the right side wall of the second cabinet and the front and back side walls of the second cabinet is filled with an anthracene-based metal-organic framework structure material, an ultraviolet lamp and a xenon lamp are disposed in center positions of the space, and the ultraviolet lamp and the xenon lamp are connected with the storage battery through a timing relay; and 10101668 the connecting section is provided with a horizontal spiral conveyor, the horizontal spiral conveyor is driven by a motor, the motor is connected with the storage battery, a feeding opening of the horizontal spiral conveyor is connected with the bottom of the first cabinet, and a discharging opening of the horizontal spiral conveyor is connected with the bottom of the second cabinet.

2. The device for kitchen waste composting according to claim 1, wherein an included angle between an inclined surface of the inclined plate and a horizontal plane is 60°.

3. The device for kitchen waste composting according to claim 1, wherein an included angle between an inclined surface of the inclined sieve plate and a horizontal plane is 60°.

4. The device for kitchen waste composting according to claim 1, wherein a heating temperature of the constant-temperature heating rod is 40°C to 60°C.

5. The device for kitchen waste composting according to claim 1, wherein the first cabinet is in a cuboid or cube shape.

6. The device for kitchen waste composting according to claim 1, wherein the second cabinet is in a cuboid or cube shape.

7. The device for kitchen waste composting according to claim 1, wherein a rotating speed of a horizontal spiral conveyor is 0.5 r/min to 1 r/min.