CN112077127A - Large-scale kitchen waste phase-change water production degradation treatment system and treatment method thereof - Google Patents
Large-scale kitchen waste phase-change water production degradation treatment system and treatment method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112077127A CN112077127A CN202010982007.3A CN202010982007A CN112077127A CN 112077127 A CN112077127 A CN 112077127A CN 202010982007 A CN202010982007 A CN 202010982007A CN 112077127 A CN112077127 A CN 112077127A
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- garbage
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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Abstract
The invention relates to a degradation treatment system, in particular to a large-scale kitchen waste phase-change water production degradation treatment system and a treatment method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of environmental protection. Including box, intelligence control system and rubbish, the box in be equipped with the rubbish biodegradable storehouse of decomposition rubbish, the upper portion in rubbish biodegradable storehouse be equipped with upwards extend to the rubbish feed inlet on box upper portion, rubbish enter into to rubbish biodegradable storehouse through the rubbish feed inlet. The large-scale kitchen waste phase-change water-making degradation treatment system and the treatment method thereof have the advantages that the treated waste water reaches the discharge standard, and the functions of reducing the amount of waste and protecting the environment are achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a degradation treatment system, in particular to a large-scale kitchen waste phase-change water production degradation treatment system and a treatment method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of environmental protection.
Background
The large kitchen waste treatment equipment is used for intensively collecting a large amount of kitchen organic waste in districts, schools, commercial districts, institutional dining halls, street waste treatment stations and the like, digesting, degrading and discharging the organic waste into a sewage pipe network through a biodegradation technology, and achieving the purpose of on-site reduction treatment of the waste.
With the rapid development of social economy and the acceleration of urbanization in China, the yield of municipal domestic garbage is continuously increased, and the perishable garbage in the domestic garbage accounts for about half. Perishable rubbish, also can wet rubbish or kitchen garbage, the kitchen waste that produces in the production processes such as food and beverage operator, unit dining room is generally referred to and the perishable rubbish that produces in the family life mainly includes: leftovers, stems and leaves, meat entrails, husks and peels, and the like. The perishable garbage contains a large amount of starch, protein, grease, plant fiber and the like, is rich in nutrition, and if the perishable garbage is not treated well, the perishable garbage is easy to cause mass propagation of harmful organisms such as germs, mosquitoes and the like, and threatens human health and urban ecological environment. At present, the perishable garbage is treated mainly by a landfill method, an incineration method, a composting method and a high-temperature anaerobic digestion method. Although the landfill method, the incineration method and the composting method are simpler to treat, the landfill method, the incineration method and the composting method are easy to cause secondary pollution to soil, water and air. The high-temperature anaerobic digestion method is a more advanced treatment mode, but the method has the defects of high technical threshold, large equipment capital investment and overhigh operation energy consumption cost, and is not suitable for all situations.
With the acceleration of the urbanization process of China in recent years, the quantity of household garbage generated by residents is rapidly increased, and 30-60% of the household garbage is perishable garbage. The perishable garbage contains rich nutritional ingredients such as protein, fat, carbohydrate and the like, and is easy to breed mosquitoes, flies and harmful microorganisms, thereby causing pollution to the environment. The traditional perishable garbage treatment methods include direct feeding of livestock, landfill, compost fermentation, incineration and the like, and the methods are limited to be used after the kitchen garbage treatment technical specification CJJ 184-wall 2012 comes out. Novel perishable garbage treatment modes such as an anaerobic digestion process, aerobic biological treatment and feed treatment need to add special perishable garbage degrading microbial inoculum to promote the degradation of perishable garbage, but the microbial inoculum has higher requirements on the environment, and the degradation efficiency of the microbial inoculum can be reduced when the temperature, the pH, the DO, the water content and the like exceed the optimal range.
The enzyme digestion can supplement the requirements of bacteria on the environment, and various digestive enzymes are added into a perishable garbage digestion bin to promote the digestion of perishable garbage. However, this method cannot be widely popularized due to the high cost of the enzyme preparation.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly solves the defects in the prior art, and provides a large-scale kitchen waste phase-change water-making degradation treatment system and a treatment method thereof, wherein perishable waste enters a waste biodegradation bin for carrying out waste biodegradation treatment, and special degradation microbial agents or special immobilized enzyme hydrolysis water is used for carrying out biological reaction on the waste.
The technical problem of the invention is mainly solved by the following technical scheme:
a large-scale kitchen waste phase change water making degradation treatment system comprises a box body, an intelligent control system and waste, wherein a waste biodegradation bin for decomposing the waste is arranged in the box body, a waste feeding hole extending upwards to the upper part of the box body is formed in the upper part of the waste biodegradation bin, and the waste enters the waste biodegradation bin through the waste feeding hole;
the box body is internally provided with a microbial inoculum box, the intelligent control system puts the microbial inoculum in the microbial inoculum box into a garbage biodegradation bin to mix garbage and the microbial inoculum, and the garbage biodegradation bin is internally provided with a stirring assembly for uniformly mixing the garbage and the microbial inoculum.
Preferably, the microbial inoculum box is communicated with the upper end of the garbage biodegradation bin through a microbial inoculum adding pipeline; a water tank is arranged at the bottom of the garbage biodegradation bin, a sewage tank extending downwards is arranged at one side end of the water tank, and a filter screen fixed with the garbage biodegradation bin is arranged above the water tank; the bottom of the water tank is provided with a plurality of back washing nozzles distributed at intervals.
Preferably, a water pump is arranged in the microbial inoculum adding pipeline;
the lower end of the sewage tank is used for conveying sewage out of the sewage pipeline, and a sewage pump is arranged in the sewage pipeline;
the back-washing nozzle is communicated with a tap water pipeline, and a back-washing electromagnetic valve for controlling the back-washing nozzle is arranged in the tap water pipeline;
a dehumidification spraying pipeline extending to the upper end of the garbage biodegradation bin is arranged in the tap water pipeline, and a dehumidification spraying electromagnetic valve is arranged in the dehumidification spraying pipeline;
a booster pump is arranged in the tap water pipeline;
the upper end of the garbage biodegradation bin is provided with an exhaust port, the exhaust port is communicated with a deodorizer, and an exhaust pipe extending outwards is arranged in the deodorizer;
the water pump, the sewage pump, the backwashing electromagnetic valve, the booster pump, the dehumidifying spraying electromagnetic valve and the deodorizer are respectively controlled by the intelligent control system.
Preferably, the stirring assembly comprises a stirring shaft arranged in the box body, stirring rods distributed in a staggered manner are arranged on the outer wall of the stirring shaft, and the stirring shaft is driven by a stirring motor arranged on the outer wall of the garbage biodegradation bin.
Preferably, the bottom of the garbage biodegradation bin is provided with an electric heating belt attached to the garbage biodegradation bin;
liquid level sensors are respectively arranged in the microbial agent box and the sewage box, and a temperature and humidity sensor and a material level sensor are respectively arranged at the upper end of the garbage biodegradation bin;
the electric heating belt, the liquid level sensor, the temperature and humidity sensor and the material level sensor are respectively controlled by an intelligent control system;
the electric heating belt keeps the control in the garbage biodegradation bin at 20-40 ℃.
Preferably, one or a combination of a special degradation microbial inoculum and special immobilized enzyme hydrolysis water is added into the microbial inoculum box.
(1) The device is used for treating large kitchen waste and can be used for occasions needing to intensively treat a large amount of kitchen waste such as communities, schools, commercial districts, institutional dining halls, street waste treatment stations and the like.
(2) Different from the traditional fertilizer making type equipment, the normal temperature phase change water making process is adopted, the garbage is degraded and then converted into sewage (treated) to be directly discharged to a sewage pipe network, other degradation wastes are not generated, and the normal temperature degradation technology is adopted, so that the power consumption is relatively low.
(3) The system is integrated, installed and operated, and is convenient to assemble and stable and reliable to operate.
(4) The intelligent control module can be connected to a big data platform of the Internet of things system through a 5G network.
A treatment method of a large kitchen waste phase-change water-making degradation treatment system comprises the following steps:
1) after the garbage is put into the garbage biodegradation bin through the feeding hole, the stirring shaft is driven to rotate by the stirring motor, the garbage in the garbage biodegradation bin is stirred and fermented by the stirring rod, a filter screen and a water filtering tank are arranged at the bottom of the garbage biodegradation bin, and sewage generated after the garbage is biologically fermented is discharged to the water filtering tank through the filter screen and then discharged into a sewage tank;
2) the sewage tank is provided with a liquid level sensor, the bottom of the sewage tank is connected with a sewage pump, when the liquid level sensor acts, the sewage pump starts to start to discharge sewage, and the sewage drainage pipe is provided with a check valve to prevent sewage from flowing backwards;
3) the bottom of the equipment is provided with a booster pump, the inlet of the booster pump is in butt joint with an external tap water inlet, the outlet end of the booster pump is connected with an electromagnetic valve and an electromagnetic valve, the electromagnetic valve is connected with a back washing spray head at the bottom of the biological bin through a pipeline, when the electromagnetic valve acts, the booster pump is started to boost tap water, and a filter screen is back washed through the back washing spray head;
4) when the temperature and humidity sensor detects that the humidity in the biological bin body does not reach a set value, the electromagnetic valve acts, the booster pump is started, and the dehumidification spraying pipeline is used for spraying and dehumidifying the garbage biodegradation bin;
5) the garbage biodegradation bin is provided with an exhaust port and is connected with the deodorizer through an exhaust pipe, and the odor of the garbage biodegradation bin is discharged after being deodorized through the deodorizer;
6) the bottom of the garbage biodegradation bin is provided with a microbial inoculum box, the microbial inoculum box is connected with a water pump, the water pump is started at regular time, and microbial inoculum in the microbial inoculum box is put into the garbage biodegradation bin through a microbial inoculum adding pipeline and is mixed with garbage in the garbage biodegradation bin for fermentation; a liquid level sensor 18 is arranged on the microbial inoculum box, and when the microbial inoculum is too low, the liquid level sensor acts to prompt that the microbial inoculum needs to be added;
7) a level controller is arranged in the garbage biodegradation bin, and when the garbage level in the garbage biodegradation bin reaches the designated position of the level controller, the system prompts that the garbage level exceeds the limited storage capacity;
8) the garbage biodegradation bin is provided with a temperature controller and an electric heating belt, when the temperature controller detects that the temperature in the garbage biodegradation bin is lower than 20 ℃, the electric heating belt starts to heat, and when the temperature controller detects that the temperature in the garbage biodegradation bin reaches 40 ℃, the electric heating belt stops heating;
9) all electrical parts are connected to an intelligent control system to achieve full-automatic equipment control, 5G Internet of things and big data.
The special degrading microbial inoculum applied to the large kitchen waste phase-change water-making degradation treatment system comprises a compound microorganism, wherein the compound microorganism comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass:
5-6 parts of clostridium difficile, 5-6 parts of ephedra, 9-11 parts of geobacillus, 9-11 parts of acetobacter, 34-40 parts of clostridium, 24-30 parts of clostridium thiolyticum and 5-6 parts of bacteroides.
A preparation method of a special degrading microbial inoculum applied to a household kitchen waste phase-change water-making degradation treatment system is carried out according to the following steps:
preparing a microbial fermentation broth independently:
1) the preparation method of the irregular clostridium microbial fermentation liquor comprises the following steps:
culturing irregular clostridium on an intensified clostridium culture medium at 25 ℃ under the condition of slant culture, then culturing by secondary seed liquid, fermenting and culturing until the concentration of clostridium reaches 1-2 multiplied by 108Per mL;
2) the preparation method of the irregular ephedra fungus microbial fermentation liquor comprises the following steps:
culturing irregular Ephedra sinica Stapf on reinforced Clostridium culture medium at 25 deg.C under slant, culturing with secondary seed liquid, fermenting until the concentration reaches 1-2 × 108Per mL;
3) the preparation method of the fermentation liquor of the Cladosporium microorganisms comprises the following steps:
culturing Cladosporium on nutrient broth culture medium at 28-30 deg.C under first-stage slant, inoculating into triangular flask, and performing shaking second-stage liquid culture until the number of bacteria reaches 3-4 × 108Per mL;
4) the preparation method of the acetobacter microorganism fermentation liquor comprises the following steps: culturing Acetobacter on acetic acid bacteria culture medium at 30-32 deg.C under first-stage slant, inoculating into triangular flask, and performing shaking second-stage liquid culture until bacteria count reaches 1-2 × 108Per mL;
5) the preparation method of the fermentation liquor of the clostridium microorganism comprises the following steps:
performing first-stage slant culture of Clostridium on nutrient broth culture medium at 28-30 deg.C, inoculating to triangular flask, performing shake second-stage liquid culture until the number of bacteria reaches 3-4 × 108Per mL;
6) the preparation method of the thioclostridium microbial fermentation liquor comprises the following steps:
performing first-stage slant culture of Clostridium thiogenes in Clostridium enrichment medium at 36-38 deg.C, inoculating to triangular flask, performing shake second-stage liquid culture until the number of bacteria reaches 3-4 × 108Per mL;
7) the preparation method of the bacteroides microorganism fermentation liquor comprises the following steps:
performing first-stage slant culture of Bacteroides on thioglycollate fluid culture medium at 30-35 deg.C, inoculating to triangular flask, performing shake second-stage liquid culture until the number of bacteria reaches 1-2 × 108Per mL;
(II) preparing freeze-dried powder, microbial bacteria liquid or a mixture of the microbial bacteria liquid and solid auxiliary materials:
1) freeze-drying powder preparation:
mixing various composite microbial fermentation liquids prepared in the step (one) according to the mass ratio of the claim 1 after fermentation is finished, and preparing freeze-dried powder according to a conventional method in the field;
2) preparing a microbial liquid:
and (2) mixing various composite microbial fermentation liquids prepared in the step (one) according to the mass ratio of the claim 1 after fermentation is finished to prepare the composite microbial liquid.
3) Preparing a mixture of the microbial liquid and the solid auxiliary materials:
and (2) mixing the various composite microbial fermentation liquids prepared in the step (one) according to the mass percentage ratio after fermentation is finished to prepare a composite microbial liquid, and uniformly mixing 1 part of the composite microbial liquid and 4 parts of solid auxiliary materials to prepare a mixture of the microbial liquid and the solid auxiliary materials.
Preferably, the solid auxiliary material is prepared from peptone and beta dextrin according to the ratio of 1: 1 are mixed.
Preferably, the reinforced clostridium culture medium is prepared by mixing the following raw materials:
10.0g of peptone, 10.0g of beef powder, 3.0g of yeast powder, 5.0g of glucose, 1.0g of soluble starch, 5.0g of sodium chloride, 3.0g of sodium acetate, 0.5g of L-cysteine hydrochloride, 1000mL of distilled water and pH6.8 +/-0.1;
mixing the above formula, adding distilled water, dissolving and mixing uniformly, adjusting pH to 6.8 + -0.1, sterilizing in autoclave under 0.12MPa for 20 min, and cooling;
the nutrient broth culture medium is prepared by mixing the following raw materials:
5g of peptone, 30g of beef extract, 5g of sodium chloride and 1000mL of distilled water, and adjusting the pH value to 7.0-7.2;
mixing the above formulas, adding distilled water, dissolving and mixing, adjusting pH to 7.0-7.2, sterilizing in autoclave under 0.12MPa for 20 min, and cooling;
the acetic acid bacteria culture medium is prepared by mixing the following raw materials:
100g of glucose, 10g of yeast extract, 20g of calcium carbonate, 1000mL of distilled water and pH 6.8;
mixing the above formulas, adding distilled water, dissolving and mixing uniformly, adjusting pH to 6.8, sterilizing in autoclave under 0.12MPa for 20 min, and cooling;
the clostridium enrichment medium is prepared by mixing the following raw materials:
10.0g of beef powder, 10.0g of monthly peptone, 3.0g of yeast powder, 5.0g of glucose, 1.0g of soluble starch, 5.0g of sodium chloride, 3.0g of sodium acetate, 0.5g of L-cysteine hydrochloride and 0.5g of agar, and adjusting the pH value to be 6.8 +/-0.2;
mixing the above formulas, adding distilled water, dissolving and mixing uniformly, adjusting pH to 6.8 + -0.2, sterilizing in autoclave at 0.12MPa for 20 min, and cooling;
the thioglycollate fluid culture medium is prepared by mixing the following raw materials:
trypticase digest casein peptone 15.0g, L-cystine 0.5g, anhydrous glucose 5.0g, yeast extract 5.0g, sodium chloride 2.5g, sodium thioglycolate 0.5g, resazurin 1.0mL with the concentration of 0.1%, distilled water 1000mL, and the pH value is adjusted to 7.1 +/-0.2;
mixing the above formulas, adding distilled water, dissolving and mixing uniformly, adjusting pH to 7.1 + -0.2, sterilizing in autoclave under 0.12MPa for 20 min, and cooling.
The english trade name of clostridium difficile is: clostridium irregular;
the English trade name of the irregular Ephedra distachya is: asaccharospora irregular;
the english trade name of the genus terrestris is: terrispobacter petrilerarius;
the english trade name of acetobacter is: acetobacter sp;
the english trade name of clostridium is: clostridium sp.;
the english trade name of clostridium thiogenes is: clostridium sulfoxigenes;
the English trade name of Bacteroides is: bacterioides xylanolyticus sp;
the English commodity of the reinforced clostridia culture medium is simply called as: RCM;
the English commodity of the thioglycolate fluid medium is simply called: FT;
the english trade name of resazurin is: resazurin;
the microbial inoculum prepared by fermentation has the characteristics of special fermentation smell, stable state, cooperative symbiosis, no pathogenic bacteria, small application addition amount, safety, environmental protection and the like. The method can quickly play a role in a low-temperature oxygen consumption environment when put into a bin of perishable garbage treatment equipment, the garbage reduction rate exceeds 90 percent, and perishable garbage with high fat, high salt and high heat is converted into carbon dioxide and water which are environment-friendly. The microbial inoculum can greatly save the energy consumption of equipment and has no secondary pollution in operation.
A preparation method of immobilized hydrolysis water special for a large kitchen waste phase-change water production and degradation treatment system is carried out according to the following steps:
1) preparing chitosan pellets:
preparing a chitosan solution with a solid-to-liquid ratio (m/V) of 2.5% by using an acetic acid solution with a volume fraction of 2%, and dripping the chitosan solution into a forming agent to form carrier beads with the diameter of about 10 mm;
preparing a mixed solution by using an ethanol solution containing 30% of a forming agent by volume fraction and a 10% (m/V) sodium hydroxide solution;
washing the prepared carrier with water until the pH value is neutral, adding glutaraldehyde solution with the volume fraction of 5%, standing at room temperature overnight, and rinsing the pellet for several times;
2) enzyme immobilization:
fixing enzyme on carrier pellet by adsorption method, mixing amylase 0.5 part, xylanase 0.5 part, cellulase 1.5 parts, hemicellulase 1.5 parts, papain 0.5 part and glyceride hydrolase 0.5 part with 5 parts deionized water to obtain raw enzyme solution;
rinsing with water after standing for 11h, and naturally airing to obtain the chitosan-protected biological immobilized enzyme;
3) and enzymolysis:
carrying out enzymolysis on perishable garbage by using the immobilized enzyme; pre-screening perishable garbage, removing plastic, glass, rubber and metal related impurities which cannot be degraded, crushing the pre-screened garbage, putting the crushed garbage into a biological reaction bin, and putting the immobilized enzyme into the reaction bin; stirring the perishable garbage degradation equipment, and maintaining the temperature at 32-40 ℃; the enzymolysis period is 24h, and the next batch of perishable garbage can be continuously added after one enzymolysis period.
Preferably, the amylase in step 2) comprises 0.25 parts of alpha-amylase and 0.25 parts of beta-amylase.
The perishable garbage is treated by the perishable garbage immobilized hydrolysis water preparation method, the speed is greatly improved compared with that of the method without enzymolysis and degradation, and the cost is saved compared with that of the method by simply adding the enzyme mixed liquid. Through tests, the enzyme activity half-life period of the immobilized enzyme prepared by the method is 72 hours of reaction. The immobilized enzyme chitosan globule with half-life is taken out and cleaned, and the enzyme immobilization step is carried out again, so that the immobilized enzyme chitosan globule can be repeatedly utilized. The treated perishable waste leachate reaches the qualified discharge standard through the water discharged by the wastewater treatment system, and the whole perishable waste decrement rate reaches over 90 percent.
The special degrading bacteria and the special immobilized enzyme are used for hydrolyzing water, only one degrading agent is used for saving cost, the two degrading agents are used for better degrading effect, and the adding sequence can be not separated.
The invention provides a large-scale kitchen waste phase-change water-making degradation treatment system and a treatment method thereof, and treated wastewater reaches a discharge standard, thereby playing the functions of reducing waste and protecting the environment.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional structural view of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the control structure of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further specifically described below by way of examples and drawings.
Example 1: as shown in the figure, the large kitchen waste phase-change water-making degradation treatment system comprises a box body 1, an intelligent control system 2 and waste, wherein a waste biodegradation bin 3 for decomposing the waste is arranged in the box body 1, a waste feeding hole 4 extending upwards to the upper part of the box body 1 is formed in the upper part of the waste biodegradation bin 3, and the waste enters the waste biodegradation bin 3 through the waste feeding hole 4;
the box body 1 is internally provided with a microbial inoculum box 5, the intelligent control system 2 puts the microbial inoculum in the microbial inoculum box 5 into the garbage biodegradation bin 3 to mix garbage and the microbial inoculum, and the garbage biodegradation bin 3 is internally provided with a stirring assembly for uniformly mixing the garbage and the microbial inoculum.
Preferably, the microbial inoculum box 5 is communicated with the upper end of the garbage biodegradation bin 3 through a microbial inoculum adding pipeline 6; a water tank 7 is arranged at the bottom of the garbage biodegradation bin 3, a sewage tank 8 extending downwards is arranged at one side end of the water tank 7, and a filter screen 9 fixed with the garbage biodegradation bin 3 is arranged above the water tank (7); the bottom of the water tank 7 is provided with a plurality of back washing nozzles 10 which are distributed at intervals.
Preferably, a water pump 11 is arranged in the microbial inoculum adding pipeline 6;
the lower end of the sewage tank 8 is used for conveying sewage outside through a sewage pipeline 12, and a sewage pump 13 is arranged in the sewage pipeline 12;
the back washing spray head 10 is communicated with a tap water pipeline 14, and a back washing electromagnetic valve 15 for controlling the back washing spray head 10 is arranged in the tap water pipeline 14;
a dehumidification spray pipeline 16 extending to the upper end of the garbage biodegradation bin 3 is arranged in the tap water pipeline 14, and a dehumidification spray electromagnetic valve 17 is arranged in the dehumidification spray pipeline 16;
a booster pump 18 is arranged in the tap water pipeline 14;
the upper end of the garbage biodegradation bin 3 is provided with an exhaust port 19, the exhaust port 19 is communicated with a deodorizer 20, and an exhaust pipe 21 extending outwards is arranged in the deodorizer 20;
the water pump 11, the sewage pump 13, the back flushing electromagnetic valve 15, the booster pump 18, the dehumidifying spraying electromagnetic valve 17 and the deodorizer 20 are respectively controlled by the intelligent control system 2.
Preferably, the stirring assembly comprises a stirring shaft 22 arranged in the box body 1, stirring rods 23 distributed in a staggered manner are arranged on the outer wall of the stirring shaft 22, and the stirring shaft 22 is driven by a stirring motor 24 arranged on the outer wall of the garbage biodegradation bin 3.
Preferably, the bottom of the garbage biodegradation bin 3 is provided with an electric heating belt 25 attached to the garbage biodegradation bin 3;
the electric heating belt 2, the liquid level sensor 26, the temperature and humidity sensor 27 and the level sensor 28 are respectively controlled by the intelligent control system 2;
the electric heating belt 25 keeps the control in the garbage biodegradation bin 3 at 20-40 ℃.
Preferably, one or a combination of a special degradation microbial inoculum and special immobilized hydrolysis water is added into the microbial inoculum box 5.
A treatment method of a large kitchen waste phase-change water-making degradation treatment system comprises the following steps:
1) after the garbage is put into the garbage biodegradation bin through the feeding hole, the stirring shaft is driven to rotate by the stirring motor, the garbage in the garbage biodegradation bin is stirred and fermented by the stirring rod, a filter screen and a water filtering tank are arranged at the bottom of the garbage biodegradation bin, and sewage generated after the garbage is biologically fermented is discharged to the water filtering tank through the filter screen and then discharged into a sewage tank;
2) the sewage tank is provided with a liquid level sensor, the bottom of the sewage tank is connected with a sewage pump, when the liquid level sensor acts, the sewage pump starts to start to discharge sewage, and the sewage drainage pipe is provided with a check valve to prevent sewage from flowing backwards;
3) the bottom of the equipment is provided with a booster pump, the inlet of the booster pump is in butt joint with an external tap water inlet, the outlet end of the booster pump is connected with an electromagnetic valve and an electromagnetic valve, the electromagnetic valve is connected with a back washing spray head at the bottom of the biological bin through a pipeline, when the electromagnetic valve acts, the booster pump is started to boost tap water, and a filter screen is back washed through the back washing spray head;
4) when the temperature and humidity sensor detects that the humidity in the biological bin body does not reach a set value, the electromagnetic valve acts, the booster pump is started, and the dehumidification spraying pipeline is used for spraying and dehumidifying the garbage biodegradation bin;
5) the garbage biodegradation bin is provided with an exhaust port and is connected with the deodorizer through an exhaust pipe, and the odor of the garbage biodegradation bin is discharged after being deodorized through the deodorizer;
6) the bottom of the garbage biodegradation bin is provided with a microbial inoculum box, the microbial inoculum box is connected with a water pump, the water pump is started at regular time, and microbial inoculum in the microbial inoculum box is put into the garbage biodegradation bin through a microbial inoculum adding pipeline and is mixed with garbage in the garbage biodegradation bin for fermentation; a liquid level sensor 18 is arranged on the microbial inoculum box, and when the microbial inoculum is too low, the liquid level sensor acts to prompt that the microbial inoculum needs to be added;
7) a level controller is arranged in the garbage biodegradation bin, and when the garbage level in the garbage biodegradation bin reaches the designated position of the level controller, the system prompts that the garbage level exceeds the limited storage capacity;
8) the garbage biodegradation bin is provided with a temperature controller and an electric heating belt, when the temperature controller detects that the temperature in the garbage biodegradation bin is lower than 20 ℃, the electric heating belt starts to heat, and when the temperature controller detects that the temperature in the garbage biodegradation bin reaches 40 ℃, the electric heating belt stops heating;
9) all electrical parts are connected to an intelligent control system to achieve full-automatic equipment control, 5G Internet of things and big data.
A special degrading microbial inoculum applied to a large kitchen waste phase-change water-making degradation treatment system: the microbial fertilizer comprises a compound microorganism, wherein the compound microorganism comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass:
5 parts of clostridium difficile, 5 parts of ephedra difficile, 9 parts of geobacillus, 9 parts of acetobacter, 34 parts of clostridium, 24 parts of clostridium thiolyticum and 5 parts of bacteroides.
A preparation method of a special degrading microbial inoculum applied to a large-scale kitchen waste phase-change water-making degradation treatment system is carried out according to the following steps:
preparing a microbial fermentation broth independently:
1) the preparation method of the irregular clostridium microbial fermentation liquor comprises the following steps:
culturing irregular clostridium on an intensified clostridium culture medium at 25 ℃ under the condition of slant culture, then culturing by secondary seed liquid, fermenting and culturing until the concentration of clostridium reaches 1 multiplied by 108Per mL;
2) the preparation method of the irregular ephedra fungus microbial fermentation liquor comprises the following steps:
culturing irregular Ephedra sinica Stapf on reinforced Clostridium culture medium at 25 deg.C under slant, culturing with secondary seed liquid, fermenting until the concentration reaches 1 × 108Per mL;
3) the preparation method of the fermentation liquor of the Cladosporium microorganisms comprises the following steps:
culturing Cladosporium on nutrient broth at 28 deg.C under first-stage slant, inoculating into triangular flask, and performing shaking second-stage liquid culture until the number of bacteria reaches 3 × 108Per mL;
4) the preparation method of the acetobacter microorganism fermentation liquor comprises the following steps: culturing Acetobacter on acetic acid bacteria culture medium at 30 deg.C, performing first-stage slant culture, inoculating to triangular flask, performing shaking second-stage liquid culture until bacteria count reaches 1 × 108Per mL;
5) the preparation method of the fermentation liquor of the clostridium microorganism comprises the following steps:
making Clostridium on nutrient broth at 28 deg.CFirst stage slant culture, inoculating to triangular flask for shaking second stage liquid culture until the number of bacteria reaches 3 × 108Per mL;
7) the preparation method of the thioclostridium microbial fermentation liquor comprises the following steps:
performing first-stage slant culture of Clostridium thiogenes in Clostridium enrichment medium at 36 deg.C, inoculating to triangular flask, performing oscillation second-stage liquid culture until the number of bacteria reaches 3 × 108Per mL;
8) the preparation method of the bacteroides microorganism fermentation liquor comprises the following steps:
performing first-stage slant culture of Bacteroides on thioglycollate fluid culture medium at 30 deg.C, inoculating into triangular flask, performing shake second-stage liquid culture until the number of bacteria reaches 1 × 108Per mL;
(II) preparing freeze-dried powder, microbial bacteria liquid or a mixture of the microbial bacteria liquid and solid auxiliary materials:
1) freeze-drying powder preparation:
mixing various composite microbial fermentation liquids prepared in the step (one) according to the mass ratio of the claim 1 after fermentation is finished, and preparing freeze-dried powder according to a conventional method in the field;
2) preparing a microbial liquid:
and (2) mixing various composite microbial fermentation liquids prepared in the step (one) according to the mass ratio of the claim 1 after fermentation is finished to prepare the composite microbial liquid.
3) Preparing a mixture of the microbial liquid and the solid auxiliary materials:
and (2) mixing the various composite microbial fermentation liquids prepared in the step (one) according to the mass percentage ratio after fermentation is finished to prepare a composite microbial liquid, and uniformly mixing 1 part of the composite microbial liquid and 4 parts of solid auxiliary materials to prepare a mixture of the microbial liquid and the solid auxiliary materials.
The solid auxiliary materials comprise peptone and beta dextrin according to the proportion of 1: 1 are mixed.
The reinforced clostridium culture medium is prepared by mixing the following raw materials:
10.0g of peptone, 10.0g of beef powder, 3.0g of yeast powder, 5.0g of glucose, 1.0g of soluble starch, 5.0g of sodium chloride, 3.0g of sodium acetate, 0.5g of L-cysteine hydrochloride, 1000mL of distilled water and pH6.8 +/-0.1;
mixing the above formula, adding distilled water, dissolving and mixing uniformly, adjusting pH to 6.8 + -0.1, sterilizing in autoclave under 0.12MPa for 20 min, and cooling;
the nutrient broth culture medium is prepared by mixing the following raw materials:
5g of peptone, 30g of beef extract, 5g of sodium chloride and 1000mL of distilled water, and adjusting the pH value to 7.0;
mixing the above formulas, adding distilled water, dissolving and mixing uniformly, adjusting pH to 7.0, sterilizing in autoclave under 0.12MPa for 20 min, and cooling;
the acetic acid bacteria culture medium is prepared by mixing the following raw materials:
100g of glucose, 10g of yeast extract, 20g of calcium carbonate, 1000mL of distilled water and pH 6.8;
mixing the above formulas, adding distilled water, dissolving and mixing uniformly, adjusting pH to 6.8, sterilizing in autoclave under 0.12MPa for 20 min, and cooling;
the clostridium enrichment medium is prepared by mixing the following raw materials:
10.0g of beef powder, 10.0g of monthly peptone, 3.0g of yeast powder, 5.0g of glucose, 1.0g of soluble starch, 5.0g of sodium chloride, 3.0g of sodium acetate, 0.5g of L-cysteine hydrochloride and 0.5g of agar, and adjusting the pH value to be 6.8 +/-0.2;
mixing the above formulas, adding distilled water, dissolving and mixing uniformly, adjusting pH to 6.8 + -0.2, sterilizing in autoclave at 0.12MPa for 20 min, and cooling;
the thioglycollate fluid culture medium is prepared by mixing the following raw materials:
trypticase digest casein peptone 15.0g, L-cystine 0.5g, anhydrous glucose 5.0g, yeast extract 5.0g, sodium chloride 2.5g, sodium thioglycolate 0.5g, resazurin 1.0mL with the concentration of 0.1%, distilled water 1000mL, and the pH value is adjusted to 7.1 +/-0.2;
mixing the above formulas, adding distilled water, dissolving and mixing uniformly, adjusting pH to 7.1 + -0.2, sterilizing in autoclave under 0.12MPa for 20 min, and cooling.
A preparation method of immobilized enzyme hydrolysis water special for a large kitchen waste phase change water preparation and degradation treatment system comprises the following steps:
1) preparing chitosan pellets:
preparing a chitosan solution with a solid-to-liquid ratio (m/V) of 2.5% by using an acetic acid solution with a volume fraction of 2%, and dripping the chitosan solution into a forming agent to form carrier beads with the diameter of about 10 mm;
preparing a mixed solution by using an ethanol solution containing 30% of a forming agent by volume fraction and a 10% (m/V) sodium hydroxide solution;
washing the prepared carrier with water until the pH value is neutral, adding glutaraldehyde solution with the volume fraction of 5%, standing at room temperature overnight, and rinsing the pellet for several times;
2) enzyme immobilization:
fixing enzyme on carrier pellet by adsorption method, mixing amylase 0.5 part, xylanase 0.5 part, cellulase 1.5 parts, hemicellulase 1.5 parts, papain 0.5 part and glyceride hydrolase 0.5 part with 5 parts deionized water to obtain raw enzyme solution;
rinsing with water after standing for 11h, and naturally airing to obtain the chitosan-protected biological immobilized enzyme;
3) and enzymolysis:
carrying out enzymolysis on perishable garbage by using the immobilized enzyme; pre-screening perishable garbage, removing plastic, glass, rubber and metal related impurities which cannot be degraded, crushing the pre-screened garbage, putting the crushed garbage into a biological reaction bin, and putting the immobilized enzyme into the reaction bin; stirring the perishable garbage degradation equipment, and maintaining the temperature at 32-40 ℃; the enzymolysis period is 24h, and the next batch of perishable garbage can be continuously added after one enzymolysis period.
The amylase in step 2) comprises 0.25 part of alpha-amylase and 0.25 part of beta-amylase.
Example 2: a special degrading microbial inoculum applied to a large-scale kitchen waste phase-change water-making degradation treatment system: the microbial fertilizer comprises a compound microorganism, wherein the compound microorganism comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass:
5.5 parts of clostridium difficile, 5.5 parts of ephedra difficile, 10 parts of geobacillus, 10 parts of acetobacter, 36 parts of clostridium, 26 parts of clostridium thiogenes and 5.5 parts of bacteroides.
A preparation method of a special degrading microbial inoculum applied to a large-scale kitchen waste phase-change water-making degradation treatment system is carried out according to the following steps:
preparing a microbial fermentation broth independently:
1) the preparation method of the irregular clostridium microbial fermentation liquor comprises the following steps:
culturing irregular clostridium on an intensified clostridium culture medium at 25 ℃ under the condition of slant culture, then culturing by secondary seed liquid, fermenting and culturing until the concentration of clostridium reaches 2 multiplied by 108Per mL;
2) the preparation method of the irregular ephedra fungus microbial fermentation liquor comprises the following steps:
culturing irregular Ephedra sinica Stapf on reinforced Clostridium culture medium at 25 deg.C under slant, culturing with secondary seed liquid, fermenting until the concentration reaches 2 × 108Per mL;
3) the preparation method of the fermentation liquor of the Cladosporium microorganisms comprises the following steps:
culturing Cladosporium on nutrient broth at 29 deg.C under first-stage slant, inoculating into triangular flask, and performing shaking second-stage liquid culture until the number of bacteria reaches 4 × 108Per mL;
4) the preparation method of the acetobacter microorganism fermentation liquor comprises the following steps: culturing Acetobacter on acetic acid bacteria culture medium at 31 deg.C, performing first-stage slant culture, inoculating into triangular flask, performing shaking second-stage liquid culture until bacteria count reaches 2 × 108Per mL;
5) the preparation method of the fermentation liquor of the clostridium microorganism comprises the following steps:
performing first-stage slant culture of Clostridium on nutrient broth culture medium at 29 deg.C, inoculating into triangular flask, performing shake second-stage liquid culture until the number of bacteria reaches 3.5 × 108Per mL;
8) the preparation method of the thioclostridium microbial fermentation liquor comprises the following steps:
performing first-stage slant culture of Clostridium thiogenes on Clostridium enrichment medium at 37 deg.C, inoculating to triangular flask, performing oscillation second-stage liquid culture until the number of bacteria reaches 3.5 × 108Per mL;
9) the preparation method of the bacteroides microorganism fermentation liquor comprises the following steps:
performing first-stage slant culture of Bacteroides on thioglycollate fluid culture medium at 32 deg.C, inoculating into triangular flask, performing shaking second-stage liquid culture until the number of bacteria reaches 1.5 × 108Per mL;
(II) preparing freeze-dried powder, microbial bacteria liquid or a mixture of the microbial bacteria liquid and solid auxiliary materials:
1) freeze-drying powder preparation:
mixing various composite microbial fermentation liquids prepared in the step (one) according to the mass ratio of the claim 1 after fermentation is finished, and preparing freeze-dried powder according to a conventional method in the field;
2) preparing a microbial liquid:
and (2) mixing various composite microbial fermentation liquids prepared in the step (one) according to the mass ratio of the claim 1 after fermentation is finished to prepare the composite microbial liquid.
3) Preparing a mixture of the microbial liquid and the solid auxiliary materials:
and (2) mixing the various composite microbial fermentation liquids prepared in the step (one) according to the mass percentage ratio after fermentation is finished to prepare a composite microbial liquid, and uniformly mixing 1 part of the composite microbial liquid and 4 parts of solid auxiliary materials to prepare a mixture of the microbial liquid and the solid auxiliary materials.
The solid auxiliary materials comprise peptone and beta dextrin according to the proportion of 1: 1 are mixed.
The reinforced clostridium culture medium is prepared by mixing the following raw materials:
10.0g of peptone, 10.0g of beef powder, 3.0g of yeast powder, 5.0g of glucose, 1.0g of soluble starch, 5.0g of sodium chloride, 3.0g of sodium acetate, 0.5g of L-cysteine hydrochloride, 1000mL of distilled water and pH6.8 +/-0.1;
mixing the above formula, adding distilled water, dissolving and mixing uniformly, adjusting pH to 6.8 + -0.1, sterilizing in autoclave under 0.12MPa for 20 min, and cooling;
the nutrient broth culture medium is prepared by mixing the following raw materials:
5g of peptone, 30g of beef extract, 5g of sodium chloride and 1000mL of distilled water, and adjusting the pH value to 7.1;
mixing the above formulas, adding distilled water, dissolving and mixing uniformly, adjusting pH to 7.1, sterilizing in autoclave under 0.12MPa for 20 min, and cooling;
the acetic acid bacteria culture medium is prepared by mixing the following raw materials:
100g of glucose, 10g of yeast extract, 20g of calcium carbonate, 1000mL of distilled water and pH 6.8;
mixing the above formulas, adding distilled water, dissolving and mixing uniformly, adjusting pH to 6.8, sterilizing in autoclave under 0.12MPa for 20 min, and cooling;
the clostridium enrichment medium is prepared by mixing the following raw materials:
10.0g of beef powder, 10.0g of monthly peptone, 3.0g of yeast powder, 5.0g of glucose, 1.0g of soluble starch, 5.0g of sodium chloride, 3.0g of sodium acetate, 0.5g of L-cysteine hydrochloride and 0.5g of agar, and adjusting the pH value to be 6.8 +/-0.2;
mixing the above formulas, adding distilled water, dissolving and mixing uniformly, adjusting pH to 6.8 + -0.2, sterilizing in autoclave at 0.12MPa for 20 min, and cooling;
the thioglycollate fluid culture medium is prepared by mixing the following raw materials:
trypticase digest casein peptone 15.0g, L-cystine 0.5g, anhydrous glucose 5.0g, yeast extract 5.0g, sodium chloride 2.5g, sodium thioglycolate 0.5g, resazurin 1.0mL with the concentration of 0.1%, distilled water 1000mL, and the pH value is adjusted to 7.1 +/-0.2;
mixing the above formulas, adding distilled water, dissolving and mixing uniformly, adjusting pH to 7.1 + -0.2, sterilizing in autoclave under 0.12MPa for 20 min, and cooling.
A preparation method of immobilized enzyme hydrolysis water special for a large kitchen waste phase change water preparation and degradation treatment system comprises the following steps:
1) preparing chitosan pellets:
preparing a chitosan solution with a solid-to-liquid ratio (m/V) of 2.5% by using an acetic acid solution with a volume fraction of 2%, and dripping the chitosan solution into a forming agent to form carrier beads with the diameter of about 10 mm;
preparing a mixed solution by using an ethanol solution containing 30% of a forming agent by volume fraction and a 10% (m/V) sodium hydroxide solution;
washing the prepared carrier with water until the pH value is neutral, adding glutaraldehyde solution with the volume fraction of 5%, standing at room temperature overnight, and rinsing the pellet for several times;
2) enzyme immobilization:
fixing enzyme on carrier pellet by adsorption method, mixing amylase 0.5 part, xylanase 0.5 part, cellulase 1.5 parts, hemicellulase 1.5 parts, papain 0.5 part and glyceride hydrolase 0.5 part with 5 parts deionized water to obtain raw enzyme solution;
rinsing with water after standing for 11h, and naturally airing to obtain the chitosan-protected biological immobilized enzyme;
3) and enzymolysis:
carrying out enzymolysis on perishable garbage by using the immobilized enzyme; pre-screening perishable garbage, removing plastic, glass, rubber and metal related impurities which cannot be degraded, crushing the pre-screened garbage, putting the crushed garbage into a biological reaction bin, and putting the immobilized enzyme into the reaction bin; stirring the perishable garbage degradation equipment, and maintaining the temperature at 32-40 ℃; the enzymolysis period is 24h, and the next batch of perishable garbage can be continuously added after one enzymolysis period.
The amylase in step 2) comprises 0.25 part of alpha-amylase and 0.25 part of beta-amylase.
Example 3: a special degrading microbial inoculum applied to a large-scale kitchen waste phase-change water-making degradation treatment system: the microbial fertilizer comprises a compound microorganism, wherein the compound microorganism comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass:
6 parts of clostridium difficile, 6 parts of ephedra difficile, 11 parts of geobacillus, 11 parts of acetobacter, 40 parts of clostridium, 30 parts of clostridium thiolyticum and 6 parts of bacteroides.
A preparation method of a special degrading microbial inoculum applied to a large-scale kitchen waste phase-change water-making degradation treatment system is carried out according to the following steps:
preparing a microbial fermentation broth independently:
1) the preparation method of the irregular clostridium microbial fermentation liquor comprises the following steps:
culturing irregular clostridium on an intensified clostridium culture medium at 25 ℃ under the condition of slant culture, then culturing by secondary seed liquid, fermenting and culturing until the concentration of clostridium reaches 2 multiplied by 108Per mL;
2) the preparation method of the irregular ephedra fungus microbial fermentation liquor comprises the following steps:
culturing irregular Ephedra sinica Stapf on reinforced Clostridium culture medium at 25 deg.C under slant, culturing with secondary seed liquid, fermenting until the concentration reaches 2 × 108Per mL;
3) the preparation method of the fermentation liquor of the Cladosporium microorganisms comprises the following steps:
culturing Cladosporium on nutrient broth at 30 deg.C under first-stage slant, inoculating into triangular flask, and performing shaking second-stage liquid culture until the number of bacteria reaches 4 × 108Per mL;
4) the preparation method of the acetobacter microorganism fermentation liquor comprises the following steps: culturing Acetobacter on acetic acid bacteria culture medium at 32 deg.C, performing first-stage slant culture, inoculating to triangular flask, performing shake second-stage liquid culture until bacteria count reaches 2 × 108Per mL;
5) the preparation method of the fermentation liquor of the clostridium microorganism comprises the following steps:
performing first-stage slant culture of Clostridium on nutrient broth culture medium at 30 deg.C, inoculating to triangular flask, performing shake second-stage liquid culture until the number of bacteria reaches 4 × 108Per mL;
9) the preparation method of the thioclostridium microbial fermentation liquor comprises the following steps:
the clostridium thiogenes is cultured on a clostridium enrichment medium at the temperature of 38 ℃ by a first-stage slant, then inoculated into a triangular flask for oscillating second-stage liquid culture,until the number of bacteria reaches 4 multiplied by 108Per mL;
10) the preparation method of the bacteroides microorganism fermentation liquor comprises the following steps:
performing first-stage slant culture of Bacteroides on thioglycollate fluid culture medium at 35 deg.C, inoculating into triangular flask, performing shake second-stage liquid culture until the number of bacteria reaches 2 × 108Per mL;
(II) preparing freeze-dried powder, microbial bacteria liquid or a mixture of the microbial bacteria liquid and solid auxiliary materials:
1) freeze-drying powder preparation:
mixing various composite microbial fermentation liquids prepared in the step (one) according to the mass ratio of the claim 1 after fermentation is finished, and preparing freeze-dried powder according to a conventional method in the field;
2) preparing a microbial liquid:
and (2) mixing various composite microbial fermentation liquids prepared in the step (one) according to the mass ratio of the claim 1 after fermentation is finished to prepare the composite microbial liquid.
3) Preparing a mixture of the microbial liquid and the solid auxiliary materials:
and (2) mixing the various composite microbial fermentation liquids prepared in the step (one) according to the mass percentage ratio after fermentation is finished to prepare a composite microbial liquid, and uniformly mixing 1 part of the composite microbial liquid and 4 parts of solid auxiliary materials to prepare a mixture of the microbial liquid and the solid auxiliary materials.
The solid auxiliary materials comprise peptone and beta dextrin according to the proportion of 1: 1 are mixed.
The reinforced clostridium culture medium is prepared by mixing the following raw materials:
10.0g of peptone, 10.0g of beef powder, 3.0g of yeast powder, 5.0g of glucose, 1.0g of soluble starch, 5.0g of sodium chloride, 3.0g of sodium acetate, 0.5g of L-cysteine hydrochloride, 1000mL of distilled water and pH6.8 +/-0.1;
mixing the above formula, adding distilled water, dissolving and mixing uniformly, adjusting pH to 6.8 + -0.1, sterilizing in autoclave under 0.12MPa for 20 min, and cooling;
the nutrient broth culture medium is prepared by mixing the following raw materials:
5g of peptone, 30g of beef extract, 5g of sodium chloride and 1000mL of distilled water, and adjusting the pH value to 7.2;
mixing the above formulas, adding distilled water, dissolving and mixing uniformly, adjusting pH to 7.2, sterilizing in autoclave under 0.12MPa for 20 min, and cooling;
the acetic acid bacteria culture medium is prepared by mixing the following raw materials:
100g of glucose, 10g of yeast extract, 20g of calcium carbonate, 1000mL of distilled water and pH 6.8;
mixing the above formulas, adding distilled water, dissolving and mixing uniformly, adjusting pH to 6.8, sterilizing in autoclave under 0.12MPa for 20 min, and cooling;
the clostridium enrichment medium is prepared by mixing the following raw materials:
10.0g of beef powder, 10.0g of monthly peptone, 3.0g of yeast powder, 5.0g of glucose, 1.0g of soluble starch, 5.0g of sodium chloride, 3.0g of sodium acetate, 0.5g of L-cysteine hydrochloride and 0.5g of agar, and adjusting the pH value to be 6.8 +/-0.2;
mixing the above formulas, adding distilled water, dissolving and mixing uniformly, adjusting pH to 6.8 + -0.2, sterilizing in autoclave at 0.12MPa for 20 min, and cooling;
the thioglycollate fluid culture medium is prepared by mixing the following raw materials:
trypticase digest casein peptone 15.0g, L-cystine 0.5g, anhydrous glucose 5.0g, yeast extract 5.0g, sodium chloride 2.5g, sodium thioglycolate 0.5g, resazurin 1.0mL with the concentration of 0.1%, distilled water 1000mL, and the pH value is adjusted to 7.1 +/-0.2;
mixing the above formulas, adding distilled water, dissolving and mixing uniformly, adjusting pH to 7.1 + -0.2, sterilizing in autoclave under 0.12MPa for 20 min, and cooling.
A preparation method of immobilized enzyme hydrolysis water special for a large kitchen waste phase change water preparation and degradation treatment system comprises the following steps:
1) preparing chitosan pellets:
preparing a chitosan solution with a solid-to-liquid ratio (m/V) of 2.5% by using an acetic acid solution with a volume fraction of 2%, and dripping the chitosan solution into a forming agent to form carrier beads with the diameter of about 10 mm;
preparing a mixed solution by using an ethanol solution containing 30% of a forming agent by volume fraction and a 10% (m/V) sodium hydroxide solution;
washing the prepared carrier with water until the pH value is neutral, adding glutaraldehyde solution with the volume fraction of 5%, standing at room temperature overnight, and rinsing the pellet for several times;
2) enzyme immobilization:
fixing enzyme on carrier pellet by adsorption method, mixing amylase 0.5 part, xylanase 0.5 part, cellulase 1.5 parts, hemicellulase 1.5 parts, papain 0.5 part and glyceride hydrolase 0.5 part with 5 parts deionized water to obtain raw enzyme solution;
rinsing with water after standing for 11h, and naturally airing to obtain the chitosan-protected biological immobilized enzyme;
3) and enzymolysis:
carrying out enzymolysis on perishable garbage by using the immobilized enzyme; pre-screening perishable garbage, removing plastic, glass, rubber and metal related impurities which cannot be degraded, crushing the pre-screened garbage, putting the crushed garbage into a biological reaction bin, and putting the immobilized enzyme into the reaction bin; stirring the perishable garbage degradation equipment, and maintaining the temperature at 32-40 ℃; the enzymolysis period is 24h, and the next batch of perishable garbage can be continuously added after one enzymolysis period.
The amylase in step 2) comprises 0.25 part of alpha-amylase and 0.25 part of beta-amylase.
Claims (13)
1. The utility model provides a large-scale kitchen garbage phase transition system water degradation processing system which characterized in that: the garbage collection and treatment device comprises a box body (1), an intelligent control system (2) and garbage, wherein a garbage biodegradation bin (3) for decomposing the garbage is arranged in the box body (1), a garbage feeding hole (4) extending upwards to the upper part of the box body (1) is formed in the upper part of the garbage biodegradation bin (3), and the garbage enters the garbage biodegradation bin (3) through the garbage feeding hole (4);
the garbage biological degradation device is characterized in that a microbial agent box (5) is arranged in the box body (1), the intelligent control system (2) puts microbial agents in the microbial agent box (5) into the garbage biological degradation bin (3) to enable garbage to be mixed with the microbial agents, and a stirring assembly for uniformly stirring the garbage and the microbial agents is arranged in the garbage biological degradation bin (3).
2. The large-scale kitchen waste phase-change water-making degradation treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the microbial inoculum box (5) is communicated with the upper end of the garbage biodegradation bin (3) through a microbial inoculum adding pipeline (6); a water tank (7) is arranged at the bottom of the garbage biodegradation bin (3), a sewage tank (8) extending downwards is arranged at one side end of the water tank (7), and a filter screen (9) fixed with the garbage biodegradation bin (3) is arranged above the water tank (7); the bottom of the water tank (7) is provided with a plurality of back washing nozzles (10) which are distributed at intervals.
3. The large-scale kitchen waste phase-change water-making degradation treatment system according to claim 2, characterized in that: a water pump (11) is arranged in the microbial inoculum adding pipeline (6);
the lower end of the sewage tank (8) conveys sewage out of the sewage pipeline (12), and a sewage pump (13) is arranged in the sewage pipeline (12);
the back washing nozzle (10) is communicated with a tap water pipeline (14), and a back washing electromagnetic valve (15) for controlling the back washing nozzle (10) is arranged in the tap water pipeline (14);
a dehumidification spraying pipeline (16) extending to the upper end of the garbage biodegradation bin (3) is arranged in the tap water pipeline (14), and a dehumidification spraying electromagnetic valve (17) is arranged in the dehumidification spraying pipeline (16);
a booster pump (18) is arranged in the tap water pipeline (14);
an exhaust port (19) is formed in the upper end of the garbage biodegradation bin (3), the exhaust port (19) is communicated with a deodorizer (20), and an exhaust pipe (21) extending outwards is arranged in the deodorizer (20);
the water pump (11), the sewage pump (13), the back flush electromagnetic valve (15), the booster pump (18), the dehumidification spray electromagnetic valve (17) and the deodorizer (20) are respectively controlled by the intelligent control system (2).
4. The large-scale kitchen waste phase-change water-making degradation treatment system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the stirring assembly comprises a stirring shaft (22) arranged in the box body (1), stirring rods (23) distributed in a staggered manner are arranged on the outer wall of the stirring shaft (22), and the stirring shaft (22) is driven by a stirring motor (24) arranged on the outer wall of the garbage biodegradation bin (3).
5. The large-scale kitchen waste phase-change water-making degradation treatment system according to claim 2, characterized in that: the bottom of the garbage biodegradation bin (3) is provided with an electric heating belt (25) attached to the garbage biodegradation bin (3);
liquid level sensors (26) are respectively arranged in the microbial agent box (5) and the sewage box (8), and a temperature and humidity sensor (27) and a level sensor (28) are respectively arranged at the upper end of the garbage biodegradation bin (3);
the electric heating belt (25), the liquid level sensor (26), the temperature and humidity sensor (27) and the level sensor (28) are respectively controlled by the intelligent control system (2);
the electric heating belt (25) keeps the control in the garbage biodegradation bin (3) at 20-40 ℃.
6. The large-scale kitchen waste phase-change water-making degradation treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: one or a combination of a special degradation microbial inoculum and special immobilized enzyme hydrolysis water is added into the microbial inoculum box (5).
7. A treatment method of a large kitchen waste phase-change water-making degradation treatment system is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) after the garbage is put into the garbage biodegradation bin through the feeding hole, the stirring shaft is driven to rotate by the stirring motor, the garbage in the garbage biodegradation bin is stirred and fermented by the stirring rod, a filter screen and a water filtering tank are arranged at the bottom of the garbage biodegradation bin, and sewage generated after the garbage is biologically fermented is discharged to the water filtering tank through the filter screen and then discharged into a sewage tank;
2) the sewage tank is provided with a liquid level sensor, the bottom of the sewage tank is connected with a sewage pump, when the liquid level sensor acts, the sewage pump starts to start to discharge sewage, and the sewage drainage pipe is provided with a check valve to prevent sewage from flowing backwards;
3) the bottom of the equipment is provided with a booster pump, the inlet of the booster pump is in butt joint with an external tap water inlet, the outlet end of the booster pump is connected with an electromagnetic valve and an electromagnetic valve, the electromagnetic valve is connected with a back washing spray head at the bottom of the biological bin through a pipeline, when the electromagnetic valve acts, the booster pump is started to boost tap water, and a filter screen is back washed through the back washing spray head;
4) when the temperature and humidity sensor detects that the humidity in the biological bin body does not reach a set value, the electromagnetic valve acts, the booster pump is started, and the dehumidification spraying pipeline is used for spraying and dehumidifying the garbage biodegradation bin;
5) the garbage biodegradation bin is provided with an exhaust port and is connected with the deodorizer through an exhaust pipe, and the odor of the garbage biodegradation bin is discharged after being deodorized through the deodorizer;
6) the bottom of the garbage biodegradation bin is provided with a microbial inoculum box, the microbial inoculum box is connected with a water pump, the water pump is started at regular time, and microbial inoculum in the microbial inoculum box is put into the garbage biodegradation bin through a microbial inoculum adding pipeline and is mixed with garbage in the garbage biodegradation bin for fermentation; a liquid level sensor 18 is arranged on the microbial inoculum box, and when the microbial inoculum is too low, the liquid level sensor acts to prompt that the microbial inoculum needs to be added;
7) a level controller is arranged in the garbage biodegradation bin, and when the garbage level in the garbage biodegradation bin reaches the designated position of the level controller, the system prompts that the garbage level exceeds the limited storage capacity;
8) the garbage biodegradation bin is provided with a temperature controller and an electric heating belt, when the temperature controller detects that the temperature in the garbage biodegradation bin is lower than 20 ℃, the electric heating belt starts to heat, and when the temperature controller detects that the temperature in the garbage biodegradation bin reaches 40 ℃, the electric heating belt stops heating;
9) all electrical parts are connected to an intelligent control system to achieve full-automatic equipment control, 5G Internet of things and big data.
8. The special degrading microbial inoculum of the large-scale kitchen waste phase-change water-making degradation treatment system is characterized in that: the microbial fertilizer comprises a compound microorganism, wherein the compound microorganism comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass:
5-6 parts of clostridium difficile, 5-6 parts of ephedra, 9-11 parts of geobacillus, 9-11 parts of acetobacter, 34-40 parts of clostridium, 24-30 parts of clostridium thiolyticum and 5-6 parts of bacteroides.
9. The preparation method of the special degrading microbial inoculum for the phase-change water-making degradation treatment system of the large-scale kitchen waste according to claim 8, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
preparing a microbial fermentation broth independently:
1) the preparation method of the irregular clostridium microbial fermentation liquor comprises the following steps:
culturing irregular clostridium on an intensified clostridium culture medium at 25 ℃ under the condition of slant culture, then culturing by secondary seed liquid, fermenting and culturing until the concentration of clostridium reaches 1-2 multiplied by 108Per mL;
2) the preparation method of the irregular ephedra fungus microbial fermentation liquor comprises the following steps:
culturing irregular Ephedra sinica Stapf on reinforced Clostridium culture medium at 25 deg.C under slant, culturing with secondary seed liquid, fermenting until the concentration reaches 1-2 × 108Per mL;
3) the preparation method of the fermentation liquor of the Cladosporium microorganisms comprises the following steps:
culturing Cladosporium on nutrient broth culture medium at 28-30 deg.C under first-stage slant, inoculating into triangular flask, and performing shaking second-stage liquid culture until the number of bacteria reaches 3-4 × 108Per mL;
4) the preparation method of the acetobacter microorganism fermentation liquor comprises the following steps: culturing Acetobacter on acetic acid bacteria culture medium at 30-32 deg.C under first-stage slant, inoculating into triangular flask, and performing shaking second-stage liquid culture until bacteria count reaches 1-2 × 108Per mL;
5) the preparation method of the fermentation liquor of the clostridium microorganism comprises the following steps:
performing first-stage slant culture of Clostridium on nutrient broth culture medium at 28-30 deg.C, inoculating to triangular flask, performing shake second-stage liquid culture until the number of bacteria reaches 3-4 × 108Per mL;
6) the preparation method of the thioclostridium microbial fermentation liquor comprises the following steps:
performing first-stage slant culture of Clostridium thiogenes in Clostridium enrichment medium at 36-38 deg.C, inoculating to triangular flask, performing shake second-stage liquid culture until the number of bacteria reaches 3-4 × 108Per mL;
7) the preparation method of the bacteroides microorganism fermentation liquor comprises the following steps:
performing first-stage slant culture of Bacteroides on thioglycollate fluid culture medium at 30-35 deg.C, inoculating to triangular flask, performing shake second-stage liquid culture until the number of bacteria reaches 1-2 × 108Per mL;
(II) preparing freeze-dried powder, microbial bacteria liquid or a mixture of the microbial bacteria liquid and solid auxiliary materials:
1) freeze-drying powder preparation:
mixing various composite microbial fermentation liquids prepared in the step (one) according to the mass ratio of the claim 1 after fermentation is finished, and preparing freeze-dried powder according to a conventional method in the field;
2) preparing a microbial liquid:
and (2) mixing various composite microbial fermentation liquids prepared in the step (one) according to the mass ratio of the claim 1 after fermentation is finished to prepare the composite microbial liquid.
3) Preparing a mixture of the microbial liquid and the solid auxiliary materials:
and (2) mixing the various composite microbial fermentation liquids prepared in the step (one) according to the mass percentage ratio after fermentation is finished to prepare a composite microbial liquid, and uniformly mixing 1 part of the composite microbial liquid and 4 parts of solid auxiliary materials to prepare a mixture of the microbial liquid and the solid auxiliary materials.
10. The preparation method of the special degrading microbial inoculum for the phase-change water-making degradation treatment system of the large-scale kitchen waste according to claim 9, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the solid auxiliary materials comprise peptone and beta dextrin according to the proportion of 1: 1 are mixed.
11. The preparation method of the special degrading microbial inoculum for the phase-change water-making degradation treatment system of the large-scale kitchen waste according to claim 9, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the reinforced clostridium culture medium is prepared by mixing the following raw materials:
10.0g of peptone, 10.0g of beef powder, 3.0g of yeast powder, 5.0g of glucose, 1.0g of soluble starch, 5.0g of sodium chloride, 3.0g of sodium acetate, 0.5g of L-cysteine hydrochloride, 1000mL of distilled water and pH6.8 +/-0.1;
mixing the above formula, adding distilled water, dissolving and mixing uniformly, adjusting pH to 6.8 + -0.1, sterilizing in autoclave under 0.12MPa for 20 min, and cooling;
the nutrient broth culture medium is prepared by mixing the following raw materials:
5g of peptone, 30g of beef extract, 5g of sodium chloride and 1000mL of distilled water, and adjusting the pH value to 7.0-7.2;
mixing the above formulas, adding distilled water, dissolving and mixing, adjusting pH to 7.0-7.2, sterilizing in autoclave under 0.12MPa for 20 min, and cooling;
the acetic acid bacteria culture medium is prepared by mixing the following raw materials:
100g of glucose, 10g of yeast extract, 20g of calcium carbonate, 1000mL of distilled water and pH 6.8;
mixing the above formulas, adding distilled water, dissolving and mixing uniformly, adjusting pH to 6.8, sterilizing in autoclave under 0.12MPa for 20 min, and cooling;
the clostridium enrichment medium is prepared by mixing the following raw materials:
10.0g of beef powder, 10.0g of monthly peptone, 3.0g of yeast powder, 5.0g of glucose, 1.0g of soluble starch, 5.0g of sodium chloride, 3.0g of sodium acetate, 0.5g of L-cysteine hydrochloride and 0.5g of agar, and adjusting the pH value to be 6.8 +/-0.2;
mixing the above formulas, adding distilled water, dissolving and mixing uniformly, adjusting pH to 6.8 + -0.2, sterilizing in autoclave at 0.12MPa for 20 min, and cooling;
the thioglycollate fluid culture medium is prepared by mixing the following raw materials:
trypticase digest casein peptone 15.0g, L-cystine 0.5g, anhydrous glucose 5.0g, yeast extract 5.0g, sodium chloride 2.5g, sodium thioglycolate 0.5g, resazurin 1.0mL with the concentration of 0.1%, distilled water 1000mL, and the pH value is adjusted to 7.1 +/-0.2;
mixing the above formulas, adding distilled water, dissolving and mixing uniformly, adjusting pH to 7.1 + -0.2, sterilizing in autoclave under 0.12MPa for 20 min, and cooling.
12. A preparation method of immobilized enzyme hydrolysis water special for a large kitchen waste phase-change water degradation treatment system is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) preparing chitosan pellets:
preparing a chitosan solution with a solid-to-liquid ratio (m/V) of 2.5% by using an acetic acid solution with a volume fraction of 2%, and dripping the chitosan solution into a forming agent to form carrier beads with the diameter of about 10 mm;
preparing a mixed solution by using an ethanol solution containing 30% of a forming agent by volume fraction and a 10% (m/V) sodium hydroxide solution;
washing the prepared carrier with water until the pH value is neutral, adding glutaraldehyde solution with the volume fraction of 5%, standing at room temperature overnight, and rinsing the pellet for several times;
2) enzyme immobilization:
fixing enzyme on carrier pellet by adsorption method, mixing amylase 0.5 part, xylanase 0.5 part, cellulase 1.5 parts, hemicellulase 1.5 parts, papain 0.5 part and glyceride hydrolase 0.5 part with 5 parts deionized water to obtain raw enzyme solution;
rinsing with water after standing for 11h, and naturally airing to obtain the chitosan-protected biological immobilized enzyme;
3) and enzymolysis:
carrying out enzymolysis on perishable garbage by using the immobilized enzyme; pre-screening perishable garbage, removing plastic, glass, rubber and metal related impurities which cannot be degraded, crushing the pre-screened garbage, putting the crushed garbage into a biological reaction bin, and putting the immobilized enzyme into the reaction bin; stirring the perishable garbage degradation equipment, and maintaining the temperature at 32-40 ℃; the enzymolysis period is 24h, and the next batch of perishable garbage can be continuously added after one enzymolysis period.
13. The preparation method of the special immobilized enzyme hydrolysis water for the large kitchen waste phase-change water degradation treatment system according to claim 10, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the amylase in step 2) comprises 0.25 part of alpha-amylase and 0.25 part of beta-amylase.
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| CN112222145A (en) * | 2020-09-17 | 2021-01-15 | 杭州楠大环保科技有限公司 | Preparation method of perishable garbage immobilized enzyme hydrolysis water |
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