LT5921B - Process for preparing bulk compound frtilizer - Google Patents

Process for preparing bulk compound frtilizer Download PDF

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Publication number
LT5921B
LT5921B LT2011056A LT2011056A LT5921B LT 5921 B LT5921 B LT 5921B LT 2011056 A LT2011056 A LT 2011056A LT 2011056 A LT2011056 A LT 2011056A LT 5921 B LT5921 B LT 5921B
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LT
Lithuania
Prior art keywords
bulk
components
mixer
fertilizer
mixture
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LT2011056A
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Lithuanian (lt)
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LT2011056A (en
Inventor
Martynas Alfredas Sviklas
Vidmantas KUČINSKAS
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UAB "ARVI" ir ko
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Application filed by UAB "ARVI" ir ko filed Critical UAB "ARVI" ir ko
Priority to LT2011056A priority Critical patent/LT5921B/en
Priority to EP11770545.9A priority patent/EP2718245A1/en
Priority to PCT/LT2011/000010 priority patent/WO2012115496A1/en
Priority to EA201290814A priority patent/EA025226B1/en
Priority to UAA201211034A priority patent/UA106519C2/en
Publication of LT2011056A publication Critical patent/LT2011056A/en
Publication of LT5921B publication Critical patent/LT5921B/en

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
    • C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2/00—Processes or devices for granulating materials, e.g. fertilisers in general; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic
    • B01J2/12—Processes or devices for granulating materials, e.g. fertilisers in general; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic in rotating drums
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
    • C05G5/10—Solid or semi-solid fertilisers, e.g. powders
    • C05G5/12—Granules or flakes

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to the industry of bulk compound fertilizers and is useful in preparing nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium compound fertilizer. The process for preparing bulk compound fertilizer claimed comprises mixing bulk components with wet ones from the reactor where basic components have been neutralized with mineral acids. The mixture is heated up to 140 oC. The aqueous ammonia solution containing ammonium nitrate, carbamide, ammonium sulfate, calcium nitrate, magnesium nitrate or the mixture thereof, potassium hydroxide or potassium salts or the mixture thereof was used as an alkaline component, and nitric acid, phosphorous acid or sulfur acid was used as an acidic component. The granular product comprises nitrogen from 5 to 25 percent by weight, sulfur – up to 15 percent by weight.

Description

Išradimas priklauso trąšų pramonei ir gali būti naudojamas birioms sudėtinėms azoto, fosforo, kalio trąšoms (NPK) su antrinėmis augalų maisto medžiagomis ir mikroelementais gaminti.The invention relates to the fertilizer industry and can be used to produce bulk compound nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium fertilizers (NPK) with secondary plant nutrients and trace elements.

Yra žinomas sudėtinių trąšų gamybos būdas, kai trąšas gamina iš atskirų biriųjų trąšų jas sumaišant, sudrėkinant vandeniu ir/arba vandens garais bei pridedant susmulkinto molio (US patentas 5749936, prioritetas nuo 1996-06-07, paskelbtas 1998 m.). Gaminant šiuo būdu padidėja trąšų prekinės frakcijos išeiga, pagerėja produkto kokybė, tačiau turi būti paruošta speciali molio suspensija, o molio, kaip balasto koncentracija iki 5 masės procentų sumažina maisto medžiagų kiekį trąšose.There is a known method of producing compound fertilizers, wherein the fertilizer is produced from a single bulk fertilizer by mixing, moistening with water and / or water vapor and adding crushed clay (U.S. Pat. No. 5,794,936, priority issued June 7, 1996, published 1998). Production in this way increases the yield of the fertilizer commercial fraction, improves the quality of the product, but a special clay suspension must be prepared and the concentration of clay as ballast reduces the nutrient content of the fertilizer by up to 5%.

Artimiausias žinomas techninis sprendimas - sudėtinių trąšų gamybos būdas, kai biriųjų trąšų komponentus sumaišo su mineralinių trąšų ir amoniako sąveikos produktu granuliatoriuje, po to mišinį granuliuoja, džiovina, frakcionuoja (LT patentas 4720, prioritetas nuo 1999-11-29, paskelbtas 2000 m.). Šio būdo trūkumas yra tai, kad azoto koncentracija produkte yra nepakankamai didelė, grąžinamos perdirbimui smulkios frakcijos kiekis siekia 30 - 35 masės procentus, todėl mažėja granuliavimo įrenginio našumas.The closest known technical solution is to form a compound fertilizer by mixing the bulk fertilizer components with a mineral fertilizer-ammonia interaction product in a granulator, then granulating, drying, fractionating the mixture (LT patent 4720, priority 29-11/1999, published 2000). . The disadvantage of this method is that the concentration of nitrogen in the product is not high enough, the amount of fine fraction returned to the processing is 30-35% by weight, which reduces the efficiency of the pelletizer.

Patentuojamas biriųjų sudėtinių trąšų gamybos būdas, kai birius trąšų komponentus nuo 1 iki 10 min. maišo su drėgnais komponentais, gautais iš maišytuvo apatinėje dalyje įtaisyto vamzdinio reaktoriaus, kuriame šarminius trąšų komponentus neutralizavo mineralinėmis rūgštimis, pakelia mišinio temperatūrą ne daugiau, kaip iki 140 °C, granuliuoja, apipurškiant rūgštintu vandeniu ir/arba pašildant vandens garais, džiovina, frakcionuoja, smulkiąją granuliuoto produkto dalį grąžina į maišytuvą. Vamzdiniame reaktoriuje sumaišius šarminį komponentą su rūgštiniu komponentu vyksta egzoterminė cheminė sąveika. Šarminį komponentą sudaro amoniako vandeniniai tirpalai, kuriuose yra amonio nitrato, karbamido, amonio sulfato, kalcio nitrato, magnio nitrato arba jų mišinių, kalio šarmo ar kalio druskų arba jų mišinių. Rūgštinį komponentą sudaro azoto, fosforo ar sieros rūgštys. Šarminio ir rūgštinio komponentų molinis santykis yra NH3: H3PO4 =1-3:1, arba NH3 : H2SO4 = 0,9-2 : 1, arba NH3 : HNO3 = 0,9-1 : 1. Visų komponentų kiekius ir santykius parenka taip, kad granuliuotame produkte azoto kiekis būtų nuo 5 iki 25, o sieros būtų iki 15 masės procentų. Gali į birius trąšų komponentus įmaišyti kalcio, magnio, boro mineralų ar jų mišinių.Patented method of producing bulk compound fertilizers, where bulk fertilizer components are used for 1 to 10 minutes. mixing the wet components from a tubular reactor at the bottom of the mixer in which the alkaline fertilizer components have been neutralized with mineral acids, raising the temperature of the mixture to not more than 140 ° C, granulating by spraying with acidified water and / or steam drying, fractionation, returns a small portion of the granular product to the mixer. After mixing the alkaline component with the acidic component in the tubular reactor, an exothermic chemical interaction occurs. The alkaline component consists of aqueous ammonia solutions containing ammonium nitrate, urea, ammonium sulfate, calcium nitrate, magnesium nitrate or mixtures thereof, potassium alkali or potassium salts or mixtures thereof. The acidic component consists of nitric, phosphoric or sulfuric acids. Alkaline and acid components in a molar ratio of NH3: H3PO4 = 1 to 3: 1, NH 3 or H 2 SO 4 = 0.9 to 2: 1, or NH 3: HNO 3 = 0.9 to 1: 1. The total the amounts and ratios of the components are selected such that the granular product contains 5 to 25 percent nitrogen by weight and 15 percent sulfur by weight. May be mixed with calcium, magnesium, boron minerals or mixtures thereof in bulk fertilizer components.

Biriąsias sudėtines trąšas gamina taip, kaip pavaizduota technologinėje schemoje (Fig.). Trąšų gamybai skirtus birius komponentus iš bunkerių (1) sveria svarstyklėmis (2) ir mechaniniais tiektuvais (3, 5) bei elevatoriumi (4) tiekia į maišytuvą (6), kuriame maišo su drėgnais komponentais, gautais iš apatinėje šio maišytuvo dalyje įtaisyto vamzdinio reaktoriaus, kuriame šarminiai trąšų komponentai iš talpyklos (7), buvo neutralizuoti mineralinėmis rūgštimis iš talpyklos (8), ir pradeda granuliuoti. Granuliavimą tęsia ir užbaigia granuliatoriuje (9). Gautas trąšas džiovina džiovykloje (10) degimo dujomis iš kūryklos (11). Biriąsias trąšas elevatoriumi (12) pakelia į pirmąjį sijoklį (13), iš kurio smulkiąją produkto dalį grąžina į maišytuvą (6), o likusiąją aušina aušintuve (14), frakcionuoja antrajame sįjoklyje (15), prekinę produkcijos dalį tiekia į sandėlį arba prieš talpinant į sandėlį dar kondicionuoja kokybę gerinančiomis medžiagomis. Smulkiąją frakciją grąžina į maišytuvą (6), o stambiąją frakciją smulkina smulkintuve (16) ir frakcionuoja sijoklyje (15). Jei į gaminamas trąšas norima pridėti kalcio, magnio, boro mineralų, jų mišinių ar kitokių augalams naudingų maisto medžiagų, tai jas krauna į bunkerius (1).Bulk compound fertilizers are produced as shown in the technological diagram (Fig.). The bulk components for fertilizer production from the hopper (1) are weighed by scales (2) and fed by mechanical feeders (3, 5) and an elevator (4) to a mixer (6) mixing the wet components obtained from the tubular reactor in the lower part of this mixer. , in which the alkaline fertilizer components from the container (7) have been neutralized with mineral acids from the container (8) and begin to granulate. Granulation is continued and completed in the granulator (9). The resulting fertilizer is dried in a dryer (10) by combustion gas from the furnace (11). The bulk fertilizer is lifted by means of an elevator (12) to a first screen (13), from which a small portion of the product is returned to a mixer (6) and cooled in a cooler (14), fractionated in a second pass (15). is still conditioning the warehouse with quality-enhancing materials. The fine fraction is returned to the mixer (6) and the bulk fraction is comminuted in the shredder (16) and fractionated in the screen (15). If you want to add calcium, magnesium, boron minerals, their mixtures or other plant nutrients to your fertilizers, they are loaded into hoppers (1).

Biriųjų sudėtinių trąšų maisto medžiagų koncentraciją, fizikines- chemines ir prekines savybes nustato standartiniais trąšų tyrimo metodais.The nutrient concentration, physico-chemical and commercial properties of bulk compound fertilizers are determined using standard fertilizer testing methods.

Išradimo esmė iliustruojama pavyzdžiais.The invention is illustrated by the following examples.

pavyzdysexample

Pilotinio įrenginio vamzdiniame reaktoriuje 200 kg/h tirpalo, kuriame yra 12 masės procentų amoniako, 42,5 masės procento karbamido ir 45,5 masės procento vandens, neutralizuoja 72 kg/h 98 procentų koncentracijos sieros rūgštimi moliniu santykiuIn a pilot reactor tubular reactor, 200 kg / h of a solution containing 12% by weight of ammonia, 42.5% by weight of urea and 45.5% by weight of water neutralize 72 kg / h with 98% sulfuric acid in molar ratio.

NH3:H2SO4 = 1,95:1. Gautą pulpą sumaišo maišytuve su 109 kg diamofoso, kuriame yra 18 procentų azoto ir 46 procentai fosforo pentoksido, 430 kg amonio sulfato, kuriame yra 21 procentas azoto, 200 kg amonio nitrato, kuriame yra 34 procentai azoto ir 83 kg kalio chlorido, kuriame yra 60 procentų kalio oksido. Šias trąšas granuliuoja, džiovina 80 °C temperatūroje, po to frakcionuoja. Gautos NPK trąšos yra 24:5:5 markės. Prekinės frakcijos (1-5 mm skersmens) išeiga yra 91 procentas. Granulių (3 mm) stipris yra 3520 g/gran.NH3: H2SO4 = 1.95: 1. The resulting slurry was mixed in a blender with 109 kg diamophos containing 18 percent nitrogen and 46 percent phosphorus pentoxide, 430 kg ammonium sulfate containing 21 percent nitrogen, 200 kg ammonium nitrate containing 34 percent nitrogen and 83 kg potassium chloride. percent of potassium oxide. This fertilizer is granulated, dried at 80 ° C and then fractionated. The resulting NPK fertilizer is 24: 5: 5 grades. The yield of the commercial fraction (1-5 mm diameter) is 91 percent. The strength of the granules (3 mm) is 3520 g / gran.

pavyzdysexample

Tokios pačios sudėties kaip pirmajame pavyzdyje šarminių komponentų mišinį 100 kg/h tirpalo pilotinio įrenginio vamzdiniame reaktoriuje neutralizuoja 35 kg 98 procentų koncentracijos sieros rūgštimi moliniu santykiu NH3 :H2SO4 = 2:1. Pulpą sumaišo su 265 kg amonio sulfato, 79 kg karbamido, kuriame yra 46 procentai azoto, 292 kg diamofoso, 50 kg amofoso, kuriame yra 12 procentų azoto ir 52 procentai fosforo pentoksido ir 267 kg kalio chlorido. Toliau trąšas gamina taip pat, kaip 1 pavyzdyje. Gautos NPK trąšos yra 16-16-16 markės. Prekinės frakcijos (1-5 mm skersmens) išeiga yra 93 procentai. Granulių stipris yra 3220 g/gran.The same composition as in the first example, the alkaline mixture of the component 100 kg / h of a solution of the pilot device in the tubular reactor 35 kg neutralize 98 percent of the sulfuric acid in a molar ratio NH 3: H 2 SO 4 = 2: 1. The pulp was mixed with 265 kg ammonium sulfate, 79 kg urea containing 46 percent nitrogen, 292 kg diamophos, 50 kg amophos containing 12 percent nitrogen and 52 percent phosphorus pentoxide and 267 kg potassium chloride. The fertilizer is then produced in the same manner as in Example 1. The resulting NPK fertilizers are in the 16-16-16 grades. The commercial fraction (1-5 mm diameter) yields 93 percent. The pellet strength is 3220 g / gran.

Gaminant biriąsias sudėtines trąšas patentuojamu būdu vamzdiniame reaktoriuje šarminius komponentus neutralizuojant rūgštimis vyksta egzoterminė reakcija, todėl šiluminis efektas pagreitina granulių formavimąsi maišytuve, iki 20 procentų sumažina grąžinamos smulkios produkto frakcijos kiekį, sumažina energijos sąnaudas produkto vienetui, padidina prekinės frakcijos išeigą iki 93 procentų. Granulių stipris padidėja iki 3200-3500 g/gran. Šiuo būdu gautos trąšos turi didelę augalų maisto medžiagų koncentraciją (apie 50 procentų NPK ir iki 25 procentų azoto). Trąšos papildomai praturtinamos svarbiu antriniu augalų maisto elementu - siera (iki 15 procentų). Patentuojamu būdu pagamintos trąšos gali būti labai įvairaus augalų maisto medžiagų santykio ir kiekio. Tai praplečia trąšų asortimentą bei panaudojimo sritis. Trąšų gamyba yra pigesnė, efektyvesnė ir ekologiškai švaresnė.The patented production of bulk compound fertilizers in a tubular reactor by exothermic acid neutralization of the alkaline components causes the thermal effect to accelerate pellet formation in the mixer, reduce the amount of fine product fraction returned, reduce energy consumption per unit product, and increase commercial product yield up to 93 percent. Pellet strength increases to 3200-3500 g / gran. The fertilizers obtained in this way contain a high concentration of plant nutrients (about 50 percent NPK and up to 25 percent nitrogen). Fertilizers are additionally enriched with an important secondary plant nutrient, sulfur (up to 15 percent). Patented fertilizers can be found in a wide variety of plant nutrient ratios and amounts. This expands the range of fertilizers and the application areas. Fertilizer production is cheaper, more efficient and environmentally friendly.

Claims (5)

IŠRADIMO APIBRĖŽTISDEFINITION OF INVENTION 1. Biriųjų sudėtinių trąšų gamybos būdas, kai birius komponentus sumaišo maišytuve, drėkina vandeniu ir/arba vandens garais, granuliuoja, džiovina, frakcionuoja, smulkiąją frakciją grąžina į maišytuvą ir kondicionuoja, besiskiriantis tuo, kad birius trąšų komponentus nuo 1 iki 10 minučių maišo su drėgnais komponentais, gautais iš maišytuvo apatinėje dalyje įtaisyto vamzdinio reaktoriaus, kuriame šarminius trąšų komponentus neutralizavo mineralinėmis rūgštimis, pakelia mišinio temperatūrą ne daugiau, kaip iki 140 °C, granuliuoja apipurškiant rūgštintu vandeniu ir/arba pašildant vandens garais, džiovina, frakcionuoja, smulkiąją granuliuoto produkto dalį grąžina į maišytuvą.1. A method of producing a bulk compound fertilizer comprising mixing the bulk components in a mixer, wetting with water and / or water vapor, granulating, drying, fractionating, returning the fine fraction to a mixer and conditioning the mixture by mixing the bulk fertilizer components for 1 to 10 minutes. The wet components obtained from the tubular reactor at the bottom of the mixer, in which the alkaline fertilizer components are neutralized with mineral acids, raise the temperature of the mixture to not more than 140 ° C, spray granulated with acidified water and / or steam, dried, fractionated, granulated product. returns part of it to the mixer. 2. Būdas pagal 1 punktą, besiskiriantis tuo, kad vamzdiniame reaktoriuje sumaišius šarminį komponentą su rūgštiniu vyksta egzoterminė cheminė sąveika.2. Process according to claim 1, characterized in that exothermic chemical interaction takes place in the tubular reactor after mixing the alkaline component with the acid. 3. Būdas pagal 1 ir 2 punktus, besiskiriantis tuo, kad šarminį komponentą sudaro amoniako vandeniniai tirpalai, kuriuose yra amonio nitrato, karbamido, amonio sulfato, kalcio nitrato, magnio nitrato arba jų mišinių, kalio šarmo ar kalio druskų arba jų mišinių, o rūgštinį - azoto, fosforo arba sieros rūgštys moliniu santykiu NH3:H3PO4 = 1-3:1, arbaNH3:H2SO4 = 0,9-2:1, arbaNH3:HNO3 = 0,9-1:1.3. A process according to claims 1 and 2 wherein the alkaline component comprises aqueous solutions of ammonia containing ammonium nitrate, urea, ammonium sulfate, calcium nitrate, magnesium nitrate or mixtures thereof, potassium alkali or potassium salts or mixtures thereof, and - nitric, phosphoric or sulfuric acids in the molar ratio NH 3 : H 3 PO 4 = 1-3: 1, or NH 3 : H 2 SO 4 = 0.9-2: 1, or NH 3 : HNO 3 = 0.9-1: 1. 4. Būdas pagal 1, 2, 3 punktus, besiskiriantis tuo, kad visų komponentų kiekius ir santykius parenka taip, kad granuliuotame produkte azoto būtų nuo 5 iki 25, o sieros būtų iki 15 masės procentų.4. A process according to claim 1, 2, 3 wherein the amount and ratio of all components are selected such that the granular product contains 5 to 25% nitrogen by weight and 15% sulfur by weight. 5. Būdas pagal 1, 2, 3, 4 punktus besiskiriantis tuo, kad į birius trąšų komponentus įmaišo kalcio, magnio, boro mineralų ar jų mišinių.5. A method according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, wherein the bulk fertilizer components are calcium, magnesium, boron minerals or mixtures thereof.
LT2011056A 2011-06-13 2011-06-13 Process for preparing bulk compound frtilizer LT5921B (en)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
LT2011056A LT5921B (en) 2011-06-13 2011-06-13 Process for preparing bulk compound frtilizer
EP11770545.9A EP2718245A1 (en) 2011-06-13 2011-08-18 Method for production of granular compound fertilizers
PCT/LT2011/000010 WO2012115496A1 (en) 2011-06-13 2011-08-18 Method for production of granular compound fertilizers
EA201290814A EA025226B1 (en) 2011-06-13 2011-08-18 Method for production of granular compound fertilizers
UAA201211034A UA106519C2 (en) 2011-06-13 2011-08-18 Method for producing granulated complex fertilizers

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LT2011056A LT5921B (en) 2011-06-13 2011-06-13 Process for preparing bulk compound frtilizer

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LT2011056A LT2011056A (en) 2013-01-25
LT5921B true LT5921B (en) 2013-04-25

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EP (1) EP2718245A1 (en)
EA (1) EA025226B1 (en)
LT (1) LT5921B (en)
UA (1) UA106519C2 (en)
WO (1) WO2012115496A1 (en)

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FR3031742B1 (en) 2015-01-21 2016-12-23 Ab7 Innovation PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF A HYDRO- AND / OR LIPO-ABSORBENT NON-POROUS COMPOSITE MATERIAL OF LIQUID ACTIVE COMPOSITIONS
WO2018073815A1 (en) * 2016-10-22 2018-04-26 Dead Sea Works Ltd. Binders for the granulation of fertilizers
RU2757793C2 (en) 2016-12-17 2021-10-21 Дед Си Воркс Лтд. Method for obtaining potassium sulfate and magnesium sulfate from carnallite and sodium sulfate
MX2019009446A (en) 2017-02-10 2019-10-09 Cleveland Potash Ltd Polyhalite granulation process.
CZ2017279A3 (en) * 2017-05-18 2018-11-21 Lovochemie, A.S. A method of preparation of a nitrogen-sulphur granulated fertilizer and a device for implementing this method
WO2019167036A1 (en) 2018-02-27 2019-09-06 Dead Sea Works Ltd. Potash dust granulation process
CN112938923B (en) * 2020-12-28 2023-07-07 瓮福（集团）有限责任公司 Preparation method of nutrient-controllable ammonium polyphosphate

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US5749936A (en) 1996-06-07 1998-05-12 A.J. Sackett And Sons Company Method of producing dry granular fertilizer and soil amendments using clay slurry and dry chemicals
LT4720B (en) 1999-11-29 2000-10-25 Kučinsko Firma "Arvi" Method for producing dry granular fertilizer

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Patent Citations (2)

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US5749936A (en) 1996-06-07 1998-05-12 A.J. Sackett And Sons Company Method of producing dry granular fertilizer and soil amendments using clay slurry and dry chemicals
LT4720B (en) 1999-11-29 2000-10-25 Kučinsko Firma "Arvi" Method for producing dry granular fertilizer

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UA106519C2 (en) 2014-09-10
EP2718245A1 (en) 2014-04-16
EA201290814A1 (en) 2014-09-30
WO2012115496A1 (en) 2012-08-30
EA025226B1 (en) 2016-12-30
LT2011056A (en) 2013-01-25

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