LT5594B - Ventilation and conditioning system for extra tall buildings - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to ventilation and conditioning systems, it is aimed for extra tall buildings standing in hot climate regions. In this system ventilation and conditioning implement by using the cooler and cleaner air from high layer of atmosphere.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present invention relates to indoor ventilation and conditioning systems, in particular to ventilation and conditioning systems for particularly tall buildings.

TECHNICAL LEVEL

Many inventions are known for indoor air ventilation and air conditioning systems. The ventilation of the premises is usually done by using the air outside the building which is supplied to the premises, while the exhaled air, which is warmer than self-supplied and is subjected to draft, is raised and extracted outwards, usually through the air exhaust ducts.

Room conditioning is usually accomplished through heat pumps having essentially two heat transfer circuits, one of which draws energy (heat) from the room and the other transfers the accumulated heat to the air outside the building or other cooling medium. The conditioning system usually consists of two units, internal and external, interconnected by heat transfer pipes.

There are also hybrid systems called 'fresh air conditioning', where the outside air is fed directly into the room and, if necessary, further blown

There is a known Korean patent no. KR20050005337, Published 2005 January 13 This patent describes a hybrid "fresh air conditioning" system operating on the principle described above. Such a system operates slightly more economically than other separate air conditioning and ventilation systems, since it utilizes the movement of ventilated air and eliminates the need for additional air circulation required for conditioning in conventional air conditioning systems. However, with high heat in the open air, most of the energy consumption is borne by the heat pump, and this and similar inventions do not provide for a reduction in the heat pump's energy consumption for even more economical conditioning.

THE SUBSTANCE OF THE INVENTION

The present invention seeks to provide a hybrid air ventilation and air conditioning system for extremely tall buildings and especially buildings located in hot climates that are economically viable, using materials and equipment available on the market to avoid high fluid pressure problems.

Based on these criteria, a hybrid air ventilation and air conditioning system for extremely tall buildings has been developed, based on the principle of extracting air for ventilation and conditioning from a high height, preferably from the top of the building. Especially for tall buildings, the air at the top of the building is cooler than the hot air at the bottom of the building. At an altitude of one kilometer, the air temperature is often below 10 ° C and above the ground level air, and it is cleaner and more suitable for indoor ventilation than air close to the ground level. The use of this cooler air for conditioning greatly reduces the cost of electricity consumed in heat pumps. Heat pumps are the most commonly used heat exchanger in air conditioning systems. It is also possible to supply cooler air from higher atmospheric layers directly to the spaces to be cooled and, if necessary, to supply additional air cooled in the conditioning equipment.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING FIGURES

FIG. 1- Schematic diagram of the ventilation and air conditioning system

PREFERRED [LIVING OPTIONS

FIG. 1 illustrates a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a hybrid air ventilation and air conditioning system for particularly tall buildings and especially buildings located in hot climates. This system consists of an air supply duct (1), an indoor circulation duct (3) and an air exhaust duct (2).

The air supply and exhaust ducts (1, 2) are substantially vertical and are raised to the top of the building or above to receive air from higher atmospheric layers at the top of the building. Preferably, the end of the exhaust channel (2) is higher than the end of the supply channel (1), since the greater this difference, the stronger the natural draft is in the said ventilation and conditioning system. Typically, this height difference should be such that there is constant air circulation throughout the system. If the structural features of the building are not sufficient to allow a sufficient height difference, additional axial fans (8, 9) are provided which push the air downwardly in the air supply duct (1) and pull the exhaled air upwards in the air exhaust duct (2). Also, if the draft in the air exhaust duct (2) is strong and the air flow in the air supply duct (1) is low due to a leak in the ventilated space (3), a non-electric mechanical fan system (8, 9) the fans (9) mounted in the exhaust duct (9) take part of the energy of the air stream and mechanically transmitted to the fans (8) mounted in the air supply duct (1), which additionally push the clean air down. A similar fan system with two-way fans can also be installed to control the air flow in the building in general. If the fans (8, 9) use electricity, this energy can be obtained by using solar cells installed on the building.

Indoor circulation duct (3) means a system of ducts and ventilation ducts which provides the premises with clean cooler air and takes in exhaled air. With these ducts, the rooms are interconnected to form as close a circular arc as possible, starting at the air supply duct (1) and ending at the air exhaust duct (2). This means that the premises themselves must be fairly well insulated from the outside of the building, only to ensure natural draft and good air circulation throughout the ventilation and air conditioning system.

If the air temperature at the top of the building is not low enough to make people feel comfortable in the building, heat pumps (6) may be provided to provide additional cooling of the supply air.

Each floor or group of floors in the building has separate outlets (5) and inlets (4) into said air supply and exhaust ducts (1, 2). The heat pumps (6) may be controlled individually for each floor or group of floors in the building or be provided with a single system near the top of the building to cool all air entering the air supply duct (1). Discreet air ventilation and air conditioning are also possible, where the whole height of the building is divided into several separate parts, each of which has a different method of ventilation and conditioning.

The principle of conditioning is based on the difference in temperature between the outside air and the indoor air of a building. This difference is governed by country-specific requirements. In order to make people feel comfortable in an air-conditioned room, the room air may be cooler during this temperature difference, and absolute temperature is not the most important factor. The ventilation / air conditioning system described may also be equipped with a TESS (thermal energy storage) system that freezes overnight in ice or other solid state material, and subsequently absorbs the energy released by the external air conditioning unit (6). Such a thermal energy storage has the very good property of maintaining a constant temperature during dissolution of the material until all material is dissolved.

Claims (16)

DEFINITION OF INVENTION 1. Room ventilation and air conditioning system, especially for tall buildings, consisting of an air supply duct (1), an air circulation duct (3) and an air exhaust duct (2), characterized in that all air for ventilation and conditioning is drawn from the top of the building. ,> 800 m, where the atmospheric air itself is cooler than air close to the ground. A ventilation and conditioning system for a room according to claim 1, characterized in that the upper end of the air exhaust duct (2) is located above the upper end of the air supply duct (1) so as to allow natural circulation of the system. A ventilation and conditioning system for a room according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that axial fans (8, 9) are provided at the top of the air supply duct (1) and the air exhaust duct (2) for additional air flow control. 4. Room ventilation and conditioning system according to claim 3, characterized in that said axial fans (8, 9) are electrically controlled. The room ventilation and air conditioning system according to claim 4, characterized in that said axial fans (8, 9) are supplied with electricity from solar cells mounted on the building. The room ventilation and air conditioning system of claim 3, characterized in that said axial fans (8, 9) are interconnected and controlled mechanically; this fan control mode includes the following steps: - the fan (9) mounted in the exhaust duct (2) draws part of the energy of the exhaust air stream - the power of the fan (9) is mechanically transmitted to the fan (8) - the fan (8) utilizes the mechanical energy obtained to push the incoming cool air through the supply channel (1). The room ventilation and conditioning system according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the system is equipped with heat pumps (6), which additionally cool the air supplied to the premises (3) to the desired temperature. 8. Room ventilation and conditioning system according to claim 7, characterized in that a single system heat pump is provided at the upper end of the supply duct (1) to cool all the air supplied to the system. 9. Ventilation and air conditioning system according to claim 7, characterized in that a plurality of heat pumps are provided over the entire height of the supply and exhaust ducts (1,2) to serve individual parts of the building in high or high groups. 10. Ventilation and conditioning system for rooms according to claim 7, characterized in that said heat pumps (6) are installed only in certain parts of the building - where the supply air from the upper air layers is not sufficient to cool the indoor air to the desired temperature and make the desired temperature difference. relative to the outside air of the building at the same height as the room to be cooled. 11. Room ventilation and conditioning system according to claim 10, characterized in that the heat pumps are installed only for cooling the supply air to the upper floors of the building. 12. The room ventilation and conditioning system according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that the heat pumps are also provided for cooling the supply air to the lower floors of the building. 13. The room ventilation and conditioning system according to claims 7 to 12, characterized in that the upper units (6) of the heat pumps are cooled by air passing through the exhaust duct (2) and the units (6) below are cooled by water bodies adjacent to the building. water. The room ventilation and air conditioning system according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a TESS (thermal energy storage) system is provided for the solidification of water or other solid state material at night; for melting ice or solidified material by removing heat from the heat pump's outdoor unit (6) during the day. 15. The ventilation and air conditioning system of any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is installed in buildings 100 m or more in height and in that all air for ventilation and conditioning is drawn from the top of the building at> 100 m. A method of ventilating and conditioning a room which utilizes a room ventilation and conditioning system according to any preceding claim.