LT4472B - Doors, door leaves, methods for their manufacturing and mounting - Google Patents

Abstract

This invention relates to the domain of construction and is linked to production and installation methods for leaf-doors and door frame structures. The door panels are proposed to be made thinner and of a very high quality wood and in order to ensure proper stiffness to be reinforced from the inside by cross-piece rigidity planks of plain quality wood. The inner layer of the door frame elements shall be done the same way. The installation of doors is made easier as the door block is installed partially assembled and the space between walls and door frames is filled with foamed material.

Description

The invention relates to the field of construction as well as to the woodworking industry and relates to the construction of sliding door frames, door frames, methods of their manufacture and the method of inserting the door block in the door opening.

At present, there is a tendency to manufacture doors or door elements by cutting profile material, including aluminum or metal (EP 0177866, WO 95/05519), plastics (EP 0235442, EP 0242000) and others, and assembling them from door leafs or door frames structures with the possibility of filling the inner cavity with insulating or special protective material (SU 1004594, EP 0476478, WO 92/06265, CH 0684843) or decorative or removable panels (EP 0549512, WO 95/27838).

The present invention relates mainly to wooden doors.

Wooden door leafs are usually assembled from frames, mounts and culverts, the latter may vary in configuration and material (SU 2037622, SU 2038458, EP 0234169 and others). Rectangular wood details can be solid or glued. Solid pieces of wood are more prone to chipping and peeling than glued.

Wooden door frames are usually assembled from solid vertical and horizontal bars by joining them in corners in a continuous or upright stitch. For interior doors, the frames are closed on four sides with sills or not closed without sills.

When installing the door unit, the door jamb is inserted into the door opening and, after checking the position, secured therein (for example, with special devices or fittings such as SU 953169, SU 1423720, or hardening mortars), mounted on the hinges.

The disadvantage of the known solutions, in particular those related to the manufacture and design of wooden doors 5, is the relatively low operational quality of doors and door frames due to the irrational distribution of materials in structures.

The proposed group of inventions is directed to the rational use of natural material, while providing lightweight construction and optimum stiffness, sound and heat insulation, as well as assembly speed, high technological level, durability and ecological parameters.

The problem raised can be solved by the proposed modifications of the door leaf and door frame constructions, as well as by the changes in the method of manufacturing said door unit elements and the corresponding method of door unit insertion in the door aperture.

According to the present invention, a door leaf consisting of elements of a framing filled with cavities of various configurations, is proposed to make wooden curbs thinner, of better quality wood, and to secure it. the required stiffness, reinforcing them on the inner (not outer) side with poor quality wood or wood waste from the woodworking industry; in addition, the fiber strand direction is perpendicular to the fiber direction.

Accordingly, the method of manufacturing a door leaf is changed, comprising the preparation of vertical and horizontal frame members, cavity preparation, assembly of the frame body and insertion of the curb into the frame. It is suggested to fix stiffener rods to the inner surface of thinner, better quality wood cavities by gluing them together with pins.

The door frame, consisting of vertical and horizontal frame elements, proposes a double layer of door frame sections: an outer layer of solid good quality wood, with an inner layer of poor quality wood or industrial waste, and the direction of the inner layer of wood fibers. for the direction of the plywood fibers.

When manufacturing a door frame, it is suggested to cut grooves on the edges on both sides of the double-sided vertical and horizontal elements and to pre-insert the Γ-shaped groove on one side of the door frame.

The door unit insertion method for the door aperture, comprising the door frame insertion and locking in the door aperture, the collar insertion and the door leaf fastening, proposes the use of a door frame of the described two-layer vertical and horizontal elements assembled with a pre-grooved Γ and, after checking and recording the position of the door frame, filling the gap between the wall and the door frame with a curing insulating material such as foam.

When the filler has hardened, it glues the elements of the second rim to the groove on the other side of the door frame, then hangs the door leaf described above.

FIG. 1 shows an assembled door leaf, front view;

FIG. 2 - cross section A-A of the door leaf;

FIG. 3 - Schedule of the culvert assembly;

FIG. 4 - vertical element of the door frame;

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the vertical member B-B of the door frame. 4, before inserting the collars and hanging the door leaf;

FIG. 6 - same section B-B with the rim in place and the door leaf fastened;

FIG. 7 - view (fragments) of the assembled door frame with edging;

FIG. 8 is a diagram of the door jamb in the door opening.

The door leaf (Fig. 1) consists of vertical and horizontal wooden beams 1, 25 - 50 mm and thicker, which form the frame of the frame 2. The spacers of the frame strip 2 are provided with cavities 3 which can be of various configurations. This example shows rectangular cavities for simplicity. According to the invention, the beams (or at least some of them) are made of good quality wood and, for the economical use of sawn wood, their thickness does not exceed 10 -15 mm instead of the usual 36-40 mm.

Thin cavities are reinforced with stiffeners 4 on the inside (not on the outside) to ensure stiffness; the fiber direction of the stiffeners is perpendicular to the fiber direction. In addition, a free internal space 6 may be formed between the cavities, or the entire inner (not outer) surface of the cavity plate may be filled with stiffening beads. For economy, stiffeners are made of inferior quality wood or woodworking waste of any kind.

The use of thinner cams also has the advantage that virtually any configuration of cuttings can be produced. Some of the cavities may be made of another material, such as a translucent material.

In the case of a door leaf, the starting material is prepared in a known manner: the wood is sorted, cleaned and dried, then cut to form the workpieces, cut into vertical and horizontal framing elements, as well as in the required size. Initially assembles the frame members to form the frame.

The cushion is easy to fit into the frame gaps between the frames. The culverts are reinforced with the above-described stiffeners of poor grade wood with transverse fiber distribution. The slats are fixed to the slots with glue. Any suitable adhesive may be used, including PVA or special adhesives.

The stiffeners are arranged in vertical rows and can fill both the whole and a small part of the inner surface of the slab. FIG. Figure 3 shows a cavity fastening with a pair of vertical stiffeners, which is enough. The sockets have holes for pins 5 which secure the sockets to each other.

In order to increase the constructional properties of the sound and / or heat insulating door leaf, the resulting free space 6 may be filled with foam material (such as macroflex or polyurethane foam) or other material, or may remain unfilled.

The door frame consists of vertical and horizontal elements - bars (Fig. 4, 5, 6). According to the present invention, the vertical and horizontal frame members (Figs. 5, 6) are divided into two layers: an outer part 7 of solid wood and an inner layer 8 of transverse strips made from production waste or of poor quality wood. The inner layer can be assembled and glued in such a way that the direction of the wood fibers is perpendicular to the direction of the fiber of the outer part. There is a groove 9 on the perimeter of the frame members for inserting the rim 10 ap.

When installing door jambs, transverse rails (boards) are glued from the production waste or of poor quality wood to the beams of the outer part, this eliminates the risk of structural breakdown and cracking. Adhesive joints must take into account the technological factors affecting strength, the cleanliness of the wood used, the type of glue used, the moisture content of the materials to be bonded, and the like, which are governed by the relevant standards for joinery.

The resulting two-layer vertical and horizontal elements - assemble the beams into a frame and join them in corners with pins 5 or screws. Preassembles and sticks into the groove 9 on one side of the door frame, which is connected at right angles and additionally secured with pins

5, as shown in Figs. 7th

Assembles the assembled door frame with collars on one side into the door opening. To fix the position of the frame, the frame seals 11 between the wall and the door frame on the opposite side of the installed collars are, as a rule, wooden and check the vertical and horizontal positioning of the structure. A horizontal bar 12 is inserted in the middle of the door opening to lock the door frame in the correct position. Subsequently, the gap between the wall and the door frame is filled with a material that, when hardened, provides the necessary strength and reliability of the structure, and also increases the sound and heat insulation. It is convenient to use a foam material such as macroflex or another. Once the foam material has hardened, the other side of the door frame is inserted and glued into the groove on the other side of the door frame. The addition of a second rim in the groove adds extra rigidity to the structure. The locking plate 12 is removed. The door leaf cab is pivotally mounted 13.

When making wooden doors, it is especially important that the economic, ecological and aesthetic characteristics are optimally matched to the required parameters of strength, reliability and technology.

Through the optimal selection of parameter relationships and new technological methods, the proposed inventive group not only allows the rational use of expensive natural material while providing the necessary structural stiffness and durability with respect to its work characteristics, but also significantly increases work productivity and reduces work performance. receptivity.

Claims (11)

DEFINITION OF INVENTION 1. Door leaf, consisting of horizontal and vertical framing elements filled with slats of various configurations, 5 in that the cavities are made of good quality wood and reinforced with vertical stiffeners on the inner surface. 2. A door leaf according to claim 1, characterized in that the thickness of the slab plate does not exceed 10 - 15 mm, and the reinforcing slats are 10 made from poor quality wood or woodworking waste. 3. A door leaf according to claims 1 to 2, characterized in that the reinforcing stiffeners are made such that The direction of the 15 fibers is perpendicular to the direction of the rays. 4. A method of manufacturing a door leaf, comprising: preparing vertical and horizontal framing elements, forming curbs, assembling a framing frame to form a frame, and inserting the curbs into the frame, 20 by making the culvert thin from good quality wood, reinforcing it with stiffeners of poor grade wood or wood processing waste, and the direction of the stiffener fibers perpendicular to the direction of the culverts; stiffeners are glued to the inner surface of the slats; joins the stiffeners by inserting cavities into the frame of the frame 25 interlocking pins. 5. A method of manufacturing a door leaf according to claim 4, characterized in that the intervening free space of the door leaf is filled with an insulating material, mainly increasing the sound and / or thermal properties of the structure, for example, a curing foam material. 6. Door frame consisting of vertical and horizontal frame elements, characterized in that the frame elements are made of two layers and have grooves for insertion of edging. 7. A door frame according to claim 6, characterized in that the outer layer of the frame elements is made of good quality wood and the inner layer is made of good quality wood. Layer 10 is made in one piece or is made from poor grade wood or woodworking waste, the inner layer fiber is perpendicular to the outer layer fiber. 8. Method of manufacture of door frame, reinforcing vertical and horizontal 15 elements, characterized in that the door frame elements are double-layered, the inner layer is glued to the outer layer, along the entire length of the glued elements two-sided groove for edging, fixed horizontal and vertical elements with pins and pre-mounted on one side of the frame. and glue upright and 20 horizontal Γ-shaped rim elements that are fastened with pins in the upper corners. 9. Method of Installing a Door Block in a Door Hole, comprising: fitting a door frame and securing it in a door opening, a bypass insertion, and a door leaf. 25, characterized in that, after verifying the correct positioning of the door jamb and the locking of the door aperture, the gap between the wall and the door jamb is filled with a curing insulating material, such as foam; trim the elements, then hang the door leaf. The method of inserting a door unit in a door opening according to claim 9, characterized in that it comprises a door frame having two-ply frame members and grooves for insertion of edges, furthermore the outer layer of the frame members is made of good quality wood and the inner layer is made. perpendicular to the solid or prefabricated wood or wood waste and to the inner layer 10 for the fiber direction of the outer layer; hinged hinged door leaf made of good quality wood and reinforced with vertical stiffeners on the inside surface, with a curb panel thickness of not more than 10 - 15 mm and reinforced stiffeners made of poor grade wood or woodworking The direction of the 15 industrial wastes and their fibers is perpendicular to the direction of the stranded fibers.