KR960000436B1 - Rotating and reciprocating piston engine - Google Patents

Abstract

The rotating and alternating piston machine is an alternating or free piston machine in which the pistons effect a rotating and alternating movement. Main characteristics: 1) the use of rotation or alternation/rotation, for example in order to control the ports provided in the cylinder walls of two- and four-stroke engines, pumps and compressors; 2) simple conversion of rotating and alternating movement by mechanical or electrical means. The rotating and alternating piston machine offers the possibility of: pumps, including the electric drive, in which there is only one rotating part; direct conversion of the alternating movement of the piston into electrical energy; control of the gas movement by the piston; operation of other ports having specific functions (for example, introducing additional compressed gas, discharge ports operating in succession etc.); free selection of the number of piston strokes per rotation; choice of piston stroke kinematics; powerful rotation or swirling of charge; easily designed compact and inexpensive machines; possible integration of a compressor without having to provide for an additional volume and virtually without any weight increase. In the two-stroke combustion engine, in which the gas exchange is controlled by the pistons (2 and 5), the useful power is available at the central shaft (14), which carries the rotating and alternating piston (2) in a longitudinally-slidable but rotationally-fixed manner. Movement is converted by the oscillating shaft (35) and transmission element (38). The engine is provided with four working chambers and has a 100% mass balance.

Description

Rotary-reciprocating piston machine

1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view along the central axis of the cylinder of the present invention.

2 is a schematic representation of a first arrangement for piston operation of the present invention.

3A and 3B are schematic views of the first arrangement.

4 is a schematic representation of a second arrangement for piston operation of the present invention.

5 is a schematic view of the second arrangement.

* Explanation of symbols for main parts of the drawings

1: Cylinder 1a, 1b, 1c: Cylinder Parts

2: piston 5,5a, 5b: piston

7: Chamber 7a: Chamber with highest volume

7b: clearance chamber 8: suction hole

9: outlet hole 10: suction fluid

11: discharge fluid 12: spark plug

14: central axis 35: bearing

36: bearing hole 37: shaft center of the bearing

38: outer side of bearing 39: junction

40: hollow side 41: center of axis

42: junction

The present invention relates to a rotary-reciprocating piston machine having a piston engine and a piston machine function by simultaneously performing a reciprocating movement of a piston in a cylinder.

Conventional classic piston engines have only a reciprocating piston, in which case the piston is driven by the crankshaft and the connecting rod.

There are many disadvantages to this reciprocating piston engine, but some of them are listed: the piston causes friction in the cylinder, the crank mechanism requires considerable space, and in most cases separate mechanisms to control suction and discharge. Is that it requires.

In order to correct this problem, a piston engine or an engine that simultaneously performs reciprocating and rotating motions that can be used for various purposes has been proposed.

This type of machine is subsequently referred to as a 'rotating-rotating piston engine' or 'rotating-reciprocating piston engine' because of the rotation and reciprocation of the piston.

Conventionally known as this type of rotary-reciprocating piston engine is as follows.

That is, Kennedth R. Malby describes a piston engine in which the piston reciprocates and rotates in US Pat. No. 2,352,369.

In other words, the guide device is connected to the guide groove bent in the cam-shape to rotate and reciprocate at the same time. This cam-shaped guide groove is formed in the piston, and the guide elements taking the form of a roller are mounted in the cylinder. In contrast, a guide groove is formed in the cylinder, and a guide element may be formed in the piston. Such a conventional mechanism has a problem that very high mechanical stress is applied.

The present invention has developed a new engine that rotates and reciprocates the piston that solves these problems of the prior art.

That is, the present invention provides a piston engine or a piston machine having at least one piston, wherein the at least one piston is installed to rotate left and right along the same central axis while rotating the central axis of the cylinder to a point.

The piston is guided by a single bearing consisting of two parts that rotate relative to each other, while the central axis of the bearing is installed not parallel to the central axis of the piston or cylinder. In addition, a part of the bearing is fixed to the piston or forms a part of the piston, the other part of the bearing is characterized in that the eccentrically connected to the cylinder. In addition, a part of the bearing is fixed to the cylinder or forms a part of the cylinder, the other part of the bearing, the short hollow shaft is characterized in that the piston is eccentrically connected.

As can be seen from the above description, there are two types of configurations, one of which is an inverted form.

Other forms may additionally combine bearings, motors or generators, or mechanically transfer power using the short hollow side described above, or provide adjustable stroke lengths or adjustable compression ratios or the front of the piston. It is to use (operating surface) or to give special lubrication function to the piston.

The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view along the central axis of the cylinder of the present invention showing cross sections 1a, 1b, 1c of an engine or engine with four operating chambers 7a, 7b. The cylinder has a suction port and a rear shaft opening on the circumferential wall. The suction port 8 is a suction hole of the working fluid 10 and the discharge hole 9 is a discharge hole of the working fluid 11. These inlets 8 and outlets 9 are opened and closed by the piston 2 and also by the rotary piston member 5.

The rotary-reciprocating piston 2 is operated in the following manner. The bearing consisting of two parts 35, 38 is formed inclined with respect to the piston 2, so that the central axis 37 of the bearing is not parallel to the central axis of the piston 2. The inner part 35 of the bearing is fixed to the piston 2 and the outer part 38 of the bearing is connected to the cylinder by the coalescing part 39. The two parts 38, 38 of the bearing can be relatively rotated about their central axis 37. The piston 2 has a periodic reciprocating motion every revolution in both the left and right directions. Power transmission from the piston to the outside or vice versa is by the central axis 14. The piston 2 is connected to the central axis 14 as follows.

That is, the piston is movable along the central axis, but the piston transmits the rotational force to the central axis (14).

2, 3a and 3b show two embodiments of the mechanism for rotating-reciprocating the piston 2.

2 shows details of the cross section along the central axis of the cylinder for the rotational-reciprocating piston mechanism. This mechanism is as shown in FIG. However, the inner part 36 of the bearing is inserted in the recessed part of the piston 2. The outer portion 38 of the bearing is rotated relative to the central axis 37 of the bearing and connected to the cylinder 1 by the coalescing portion 39. The coalescing portion 39 should be movable relative to the cylinder and the outer portion 38 of the bearing connected to the cylinder should be able to change the distance between the mounted position on the cylinder and the mounted position on the central axis.

Figures 4 and 5 show yet another embodiment in which the piston 2 of the present invention is made to rotate-reciprocate. The details of the cross section along the central axis of the cylinder are shown here. The hollow shaft 40 rotates about its own central axis 41. The piston 2 is connected to the hollow shaft 40 at the point 42 in the eccentric position, and when the hollow side 40 rotates, the piston 2 also rotates and at the same time additionally reciprocates. The coalescing portion between the hollow shaft 40 and the piston 2 must satisfy the following conditions. That is, a rotational motion should be allowed around three or at least two coordinate axes and between the piston and the hollow shaft.

In the embodiments of FIGS. 4 and 5, a ball joint may be used to pivot three coordinates around the coalescing portion. In the case of having two axes of rotation, the two coordinates should be placed relative to the hollow shaft 40 on a plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation 41 of the hollow shaft. In addition, in all cases, the coalescing portion can move approximately radially with respect to the axis of rotation 41 of the piston 2 and can move approximately radially with respect to the axis of rotation 41 of the hollow shaft.

According to the present invention there is provided a piston engine or piston mechanism having at least one piston, wherein the at least one piston is installed to reciprocate in parallel with the central axis of the cylinder while rotating around the central axis of the cylinder, The piston movement is characterized by being guided by one bearing consisting of two parts that rotate relative to each other. The central axis of the bearing 37 is not parallel to the central axis of the piston and the central axis of the cylinder. According to the structures shown in FIGS. 2 and 3a and 3b the parts 35 and 36 of the bearing are fixed to the piston or form part of the piston and the other parts 38 of the bearing are eccentric to the cylinder 1. It is connected.

According to the forms shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, a part of the bearing is fixed to the cylinder or forms a part of the cylinder, and another part of the bearing, ie, the hollow shaft 4, is eccentrically inserted into the piston. Thus, the piston has one reciprocating cycle every revolution. The nature of this motion depends on the geometric details of this embodiment and differs from the sinusoidal wave. For example, its kinematic characteristics are affected by the angle of the bearing's central axis and also by the distance between the coalescing part 39 and the bearing's central axis (the coalescing part of the bearing is connected to the cylinder). do).

It is also affected by the design of the coalescing portion, in particular by the movement of the device for the longitudinal movement of the connecting body. Further, the coalescing portion 39 is affected by the movement in the direction parallel to the bearing central axis.

In another form, the two parts of the bearing, which rotate relative to each other, are ready to mount a motor or generator. In this way, for example, part of the bearing serves as an armature or rotor and other parts of the bearing serve as stators.

In another form, power is mechanically transmitted to the exterior of the engine or machine by the hollow shaft 40.

In another aspect, the length of the stroke, the compression ratio, or both can be adjusted by changing the angle as follows.

That is, adjustment is possible by changing the angle at which the central axis 37 of the bearing is formed with respect to the central axis of the piston or cylinder. This is done by fixing the bearing to a piston or cylinder in a rotating state.

In another form, two adjacent front surfaces (operating surfaces) of two pistons 2, or one piston 2, or piston-like member 5 are characterized in that they are engaged with each other like a claw. Because of this, the adjacent pistons are synchronized in motion.

In another form, the piston is located on the lubricating oil film while lubricating oil is blocked from entering the chamber by a scraper ring or by a sealing element if the lubricating oil is not to be introduced into the operating chamber. The rotating part of the piston is advantageous for lubricating oil and the sealing elements are mounted on the cylinder.

The operating chamber 7 is limited by two pistons 2 which perform a rotational reciprocating motion. The operation of the piston is guided by a mechanism schematically shown in FIG. 4 or FIG. The hollow shaft 40 of this mechanism also transmits power to the outside of the engine or machine.

Therefore, the hollow shaft has a gear outside thereof, and its output is transmitted to the gear outside the cylinder. The gear driven by the hollow shaft 40 is connected to the corresponding gear of the adjacent hollow shaft.

According to the present invention configured as described above, in an engine or a piston engine which is reciprocated in parallel with the central axis at the same time as the rotation about the central axis of the cylinder, one bearing central axis consisting of two parts for relatively rotating the piston ( The bearing portions 35 and 36 are fixed to the piston and the other portions 38 of the bearing are eccentrically coupled to the cylinder 1 so that 37 is not parallel to the piston 2 or the central axis of the cylinder 1. The other part of the 40 is configured to be eccentrically coupled to the piston has the advantage that the piston can be reciprocated simultaneously with the rotation.

Claims (6)

In a piston engine or piston engine having at least one piston reciprocating in parallel along a central axis of a simultaneous cylinder which is rotated around the central axis of the cylinder, a single bearing consisting of two parts which makes the piston rotate relatively The central axis 3 7 is not parallel to the piston 2 or the central axis of the cylinder 1 so that parts 35 and 36 of the bearing are fixed to the piston and the other part 38 of the bearing is connected to the cylinder 1. Rotating-reciprocating piston machine, characterized in that it is coupled eccentrically and the other part 40 of the bearing is configured to be eccentrically connected to the piston. The reciprocating piston machine of claim 1 wherein the two parts of the relatively rotating bearing are configured to mount a motor or a generator. The reciprocating piston machine according to claim 1, wherein the power is configured to be transmitted to the outside by the rotating hollow shaft (40) and the gear. 3. The stroke length and compression ratio of the piston according to claim 1 or 2 can be adjusted by changing the angle at which the central axis 37 of the bearing is formed with respect to the piston or cylinder axis, and the bearing being connected to the rotation path of the piston or cylinder. Rotating-reciprocating piston machine, characterized in that it is fixed and adjustable. The reciprocating piston machine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that two adjacent front faces of two pistons (2) or one piston (2) and a piston-like member (5) are configured to engage like a claw. The reciprocating piston according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the piston (2) is in the oil film of the lubricating oil and is configured to block the lubricating oil from being sucked into the operating chamber by a ring or sealing element of the scraper. machine.

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