KR950033378A - 고압질소를 제조하기 위한 저온정류 시스템 - Google Patents

고압질소를 제조하기 위한 저온정류 시스템 Download PDF

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KR950033378A
KR950033378A KR1019950006296A KR19950006296A KR950033378A KR 950033378 A KR950033378 A KR 950033378A KR 1019950006296 A KR1019950006296 A KR 1019950006296A KR 19950006296 A KR19950006296 A KR 19950006296A KR 950033378 A KR950033378 A KR 950033378A
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column
nitrogen
passing
fluid
oxygen
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패트릭 보나퀴스트 단테
줄리엔 로버츠 마크
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조안 엠. 젤사
프랙스에어 테크놀로지, 인코포레이티드
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04248—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion
    • F25J3/04284—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams
    • F25J3/0429—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams of feed air, e.g. used as waste or product air or expanded into an auxiliary column
    • F25J3/04303—Lachmann expansion, i.e. expanded into oxygen producing or low pressure column
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04248—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion
    • F25J3/04284—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04248—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion
    • F25J3/04284—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams
    • F25J3/04321—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams of oxygen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04436—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using at least a triple pressure main column system
    • F25J3/04454—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using at least a triple pressure main column system a main column system not otherwise provided, e.g. serially coupling of columns or more than three pressure levels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04763—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used
    • F25J3/04866—Construction and layout of air fractionation equipments, e.g. valves, machines
    • F25J3/04872—Vertical layout of cold equipments within in the cold box, e.g. columns, heat exchangers etc.
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2200/00—Processes or apparatus using separation by rectification
    • F25J2200/34—Processes or apparatus using separation by rectification using a side column fed by a stream from the low pressure column
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2200/00—Processes or apparatus using separation by rectification
    • F25J2200/50—Processes or apparatus using separation by rectification using multiple (re-)boiler-condensers at different heights of the column
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2235/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure or for conveying of liquid process streams
    • F25J2235/42—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure or for conveying of liquid process streams the fluid being nitrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2235/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure or for conveying of liquid process streams
    • F25J2235/52—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure or for conveying of liquid process streams the fluid being oxygen enriched compared to air ("crude oxygen")
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2245/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for recycling of process streams
    • F25J2245/02—Recycle of a stream in general, e.g. a by-pass stream
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2245/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for recycling of process streams
    • F25J2245/42—Processes or apparatus involving steps for recycling of process streams the recycled stream being nitrogen

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Abstract

본 발명은 고압 및 저압 사이의 압력으로 작동하는 부가적인 컬럼을 사용하는 고압질소를 대량으로 생산하는 저온정류 시스템에 의해 정류생성의 융통성을 개선 시킴으로써 회수율을 최적화할 수 있다.

Description

고압질소를 제조하기 위한 저온정류 시스템
본 내용은 요부공개 건이므로 전문내용을 수록하지 않았음
제1도는 공정정류가 공급공기의 터보팽창에 의해 생성되는 본 발명에 따른 바람직한 실시예의 개략적인 도면, 제2도는 공정정류가 중간압력 컬럼으로 부터 취해진 기체 스트림의 터보팽창에 의해 생성되는 본 발명에 따른 바람직한 실시예의 개략적인 도면, 제3도는 공정정류가 폐기기체의 터보팽창에 의해 생성되는 본 발명에 따른 바람직한 실시예의 개략적인 도면, 제4도는 공정정류가 폐기기체의 터보팽창에 의해 생성되는 본 발명에 따른 다른 바람직한 실시예의 개략적인 도면, 제5도는 다소 저압의 질소생성물이 생성되는 본 발명에 따른 바람직한 실시예의 개략적인 도면.

Claims (15)

  1. (A) 질소 및 산소를 포함하는 공급원료를 고압에서 조작하는 제1컬럼으로 통과시키고 공급공기를 제1컬럼내에서 저온정류에 의해 고압질소증기 및 제1의 산소가 풍부한 액체로 분리하는 단계, (B) 제1의 산소가 풍부한 액체를 중간압력으로 조작하는 제1컬럼으로 통과시키고, 제1의 산소가 풍부한 제2컬럼내에서 저온정류에 의해 질소가 풍부한 증기 및 제2의 산소가 풍부한 액체로 분리하는 단계, (C) 질소가 풍부한 증기를 저압에서 조작하는 제3의 컬럼으로 통과시키고, 질소가 풍부한 증기를 제3컬럼내에서 저온정류에 의해 질소함유 유체 및 산소함유 유체로 분리하는 단계, (D) 고압질소 기체 생성물에서 고압질소증기의 적어도 일부를 회수하는 단계를 포함하는 고압질소 기체제조를 위한 저온정류방법.
  2. 제1항에 있어서, 제3컬럼내에서 생성된 질소함유 유체의 압력이 증가되고 제1컬럼으로 통과되는 것을 특징으로 하는 방법.
  3. 제1항에 있어서, 질소 및 산소를 포함하는 스트림을 압축하고, 압축스트림을 터보팽창하며, 터보팽차된 스트림을 제3컬럼으로 통과시키는 것을 특징으로 하는 방법.
  4. 제1항에 있어서,질소가 풍부한 증기가 제3컬럼으로 통과되기 전에 터보팽창되는 것을 특징으로 하는 방법.
  5. 제1항에 있어서, 산소함유 유체에 의해 간접 열교환에 의해 질소 및 산소를 포함하는 스트림을 응축하는 단계를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 방법.
  6. 제1항에 있어서,폐기 기체를 생성하기 위하여 질소함유 유체와의 간접 열교환으로 산소함유 유체를 통과시키고, 폐기기체를 압축시키며, 압축된 폐기기체를 터보팽창시키고, 제1컬럼으로 공급기체를 통과시키기 전에 공급기체를 냉각시키기 위하여 공급기체와의 간접 열교환으로 터보팽창된 폐기기체를 통과시키는 것을 특징으로 하는 방법.
  7. 제1항에 있어서, 질소가 풍부한 증기를 압축시키고, 압축된 질소가 풍부한 증기를 터보팽창시키며, 제1컬럼으로 공급기체를 통과시키기 전에 공급기체를 냉각시키기 위하여 공급기체와의 간접 열교환으로 터보팽창된 질소가 풍부한 증기를 통과시키는 것을 특징으로 하는 방법.
  8. 제1항에 있어서, 저압질소 기체 생성물로서 질소함유 유체를 회수하는 단계를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 방법.
  9. 제1항에 있어서,생성 액체 질소로서 질소함유 유체를 회수하는 단계를 더 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 방법.
  10. 제1항에 있어서,제3컬럼으로 부터 배출된 산소함유 유체 스트림의 압력을 증가시키고 가압산소 함유 유체 스트림을 제2컬럼으로 통과시키는 것을 특징으로 하는 방법.
  11. (A) 제1컬럼 및 공급원료를 제1컬럼으로 통과시키는 수단, (B) 제2컬럼 및 제1컬럼의 하부로 부터의 액체를 제2컬럼으로 퉁과시키는 수단, (C) 제3컬럼 및 제2컬럼의 상부로 부터의 증기를 제1컬럼으로 통과시키는 수단, 및 (D) 제1컬럼의 상부로 부터 고압질소 기체를 회수하는 수단을 포함하는 고압질소 기체를 제조하기 위한 저온정류장치.
  12. 제11항에 있어서,제3컬럼의 상부로 부터 취해진 유체의 압력을 증가시키는 수단, 및 이러한 가압유체를 제1컬럼으로 통과시키는 수단을 더 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 장치.
  13. 제11항에 있어서,압축기, 터보팽창기, 압축기로 부터의 유체압력을 증가시키기 위한 수단, 및 터보팽창기로 부터의 유체를 제3컬럼으로 통과시키는 수단을 더 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 장치.
  14. 제11항에 있어서, 제2컬럼의 상부로 부터의 증기를 제3컬럼으로 통과시키는 수단이 터보팽창기를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 장치.
  15. 제11항에 있어서, 압축기, 터보팽창 및 열교환기, 컬럼의 적어도 일부의 상부로 부터 취해진 유체를 압축기로 통과시키는 수단, 압축기로부터의 유체를 터보팽창기로 통과시키는 수단, 및 터보팽창기로 부터의 유체를 열교환기로 통과시키는 수단을 더 포함하며, 공급원료를 컬럼으로 통과시키는 수단이 상기 열교환기를 통과하는 것을 특징으로 하는 장치.
    ※ 참고사항 : 최초출원 내용에 의하여 공개하는 것임.
KR1019950006296A 1994-03-25 1995-03-24 고압질소를 제조하기 위한 저온정류 시스템 KR100208459B1 (ko)

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BR9501196A (pt) 1995-11-28
DE69502328T2 (de) 1998-10-01
EP0674144A1 (en) 1995-09-27
JP2989516B2 (ja) 1999-12-13
KR100208459B1 (ko) 1999-07-15
ES2116005T3 (es) 1998-07-01
JPH07270066A (ja) 1995-10-20
US5402647A (en) 1995-04-04
EP0674144B1 (en) 1998-05-06
CN1075193C (zh) 2001-11-21
CA2145445A1 (en) 1995-09-26
DE69502328D1 (de) 1998-06-10
CN1126304A (zh) 1996-07-10

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