KR950006815B1 - Diggers for tractor - Google Patents

Abstract

A potato harvesting unit drawn by a tractor comprises a couple of frames (1) equipped with left and right support panels (4, 5), each panel comprising an inner plate (2) and an outer plate (3), a connection member (7) with three connection points which is movably mounted on the frame, a long plowshare (55) located in front of the unit to excavate tubers up with soil, a sieve roller (22) located next to the plowshare, an endless sieve chain (34) for separating and transferring the harvested tubers, and a couple of guide plates (52) gathering harvested tubers into the central portion, which are hinged to both inner plates(2). A pneumatic cylinder (14) is mounted on the connection member to move it left and right. The sieve roller and sieve chain are rotated and run along the opposite direction to the movement of the tractor by a roller driving chain (24) and a V-belt connected with the power transmission shaft.

Description

Tractor Mounted Excavator

1 is an overall perspective view of the tractor mounting excavator according to the present invention,

2 is a front view of FIG.

3 is a rear view of FIG.

4 is a perspective view of the body left and right moving apparatus in FIG.

5 is an exploded perspective view of the power train in FIG.

6 is an exploded perspective view of the pretreatment roller apparatus in FIG.

7 is an exploded perspective view of the chain drive in FIG.

8 is a cross-sectional view of the chain driving apparatus installed on the inner plate in FIG.

9 is a side cross-sectional view taken along the line A-A in FIG.

10 is a diagram showing the installation state of the dust blade in FIG.

* Explanation of symbols for main parts of the drawings

1: frame 2: inner board

3: outer plate 4: left plate

5: Right plate 6: Pipe

7: body 8a, 8b: fastening portion

9: Lower bracket 10,13a, 13b, 31,53: Bracket

11: upper bracket 12: connecting rod

14: hydraulic cylinder 15: cylinder rod

16: axle shaft 17: axle casing

18: yoke 19: propeller shaft

20,32,39: Sprocket 21,33: V pulley

22: roller 23a, 23b, 40, 44a, 44b: bearing

24: roller drive chain 25: cover

26a, 26b: fitting hole 27: fixing plate

28: appearance 28a: shaft hole

29, 36: support rod 30: rotation axis

34: feed chain 35: drive shaft

37: Roller Chain 38: Life Chain

41: bolt tightening part 42: bearing case

43: chain passage 45a, 45b: roller

46: upper guide rail 47: lower guide rail

48: first bracket 49: second bracket

50: bushing 51: bend

52: collection plate 54: wire

55: long blade blade 56: soil hair blade

57: hook 58: hook

59: soil collection plate

The present invention relates to a mechanical excavator used to extract and harvest crops, such as potatoes and sweet potatoes, mounted on a tractor, and in particular, a tractor that minimizes traction resistance and prevents uncut surfaces from being generated so that normal excavation can be performed. It relates to a mounting excavator.

Mechanical excavators are usually designed to be mounted on the rear of a farm vehicle such as a tractor, and such excavators are usually attached to the front of the excavator body by tilting at a predetermined angle with a long blade blade formed integrally with a dust blade. The transport chain, which is connected to a plurality of support rods through the life of the leaf chain, is installed in an endless orbital manner, and is connected to the power transmission device for driving the transport chain through a chain, so that the excavator is driven with the power transmission device. When towed, the soil and crops spread by the long blade are transported to the rear of the excavator according to the rotation of the transfer chain transmitted from the power take-off side of the tractor, so that the soil falls between the chains and the harvest is pushed back to the bottom. It is supposed to fall.

By the way, such a conventional excavator has a long fear that the long blade blade is integrated with the earthy blade because it is likely to be damaged due to the stones or gravel buried in the soil, and should be used in a limited way, and the structure of the long blade blade is dull, the traction resistance This relatively high power consumption is not only followed, the conveying chain is connected to the life chain, the chain is easily stretched to generate rotational resistance, and stones or gravel get stuck between the chain and the rollers, so the work is stopped at any time. There was a flaw in the maintenance.

In addition, since the harvest that has been transported to the rear of the excavator through the transport chain falls to the ground in a wide spread state, it is inconvenient to gather them again in one place, especially when the terrain is inclined or when the rotary excavator or tractor If the excavator is normally dislocated from the excavation surface due to poor traveling direction, it is impossible to move the excavation itself to the left and right, so that the unexcavated surface is generated. do.

Therefore, the present invention has been devised to solve the above-mentioned drawbacks, long blade blades are not damaged, traction propensity is minimized, power loss is prevented, and the excavation work does not have to be performed separately, and thus the excavation efficiency can be improved. The purpose is to provide a tractor mounted excavator.

The present invention for achieving the above object, a three-point support device mounted via a pair of frames installed between the left plate and the right play, and a long blade blade mounted to excavate the crop in front of the left and right plates In the tractor-mounted excavator is composed of a chain drive device for transporting the harvested crop to the rear, and a power transmission device connected to the power take-off side of the tractor to drive the transfer chain, parallel movement along the longitudinal direction to the frame The left and right body moving device installed so as to be installed on the front and rear sides of the left and right plates, and the preprocessing roller device and the chain driving device connected to the power transmission device and driven at the position adjacent to the chain driving device. It has a structure with a collection device installed through the right plate.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 is a perspective view schematically showing the tractor mounting excavator of the present invention, the left plate 4 and the right plate 50 consisting of an inner plate 2 and an outer plate 3 with a pair of frames 1 interposed therebetween. Are installed in parallel to face each other, a power transmission device for receiving rotational force from the power take-off shaft (not shown) of the tractor is installed on the upper surfaces of the left and right plates 4 and 5, and the left and right plates ( 4 and 5, respectively, are provided with a pre-processing roller device and a chain driving device which are connected to and driven by the power transmission device, respectively, while the left and right plates 4 and 5 are positioned adjacent to the chain driving device. The collection device is installed via the inner plate (2).

Here, the frame (1) is installed on the rear of the tractor is connected to the left and right body moving device connected to the three-point connection (not shown) to move in parallel along the longitudinal direction of the frame (1) As shown in FIG. 4, a pair of pipes 6 are placed horizontally and fixedly attached to both ends of this pipe 6 in a state in which the body 7 is placed in a vertical direction. 7) the lower bracket 9, which is formed integrally with a predetermined fastening part 8a, is formed to be bent outwardly by a predetermined angle while facing each other. In addition, in the bracket 10 installed to support the body 7 on the inner side wall of the body 7, an upper bracket 11 having a predetermined fastening portion 8b at the front end thereof is provided with the lower bracket 9; The upper brackets 11 and the lower brackets 9 are installed to face each other upward so that the upper brackets 11 and the lower brackets 9 are mutually supported by the connecting rods 12 installed at the portions adjacent to the fastening portions 8a and 8b. It is.

In addition, a flat plate-like bracket 13a is fixedly attached to an upper portion of the side wall of the body 7, and the hydraulic cylinder 14 is installed in parallel with the bracket 13a, that is, the hydraulic cylinder 14 In addition, the cylinder rod (15) of the pin is coupled to the pin in the state extended to the maximum bracket (13b) installed to protrude to the predetermined height on the upper surface of the left plate (4), the hydraulic cylinder 14 is a control valve (Not shown) and the hydraulic control coupling (not shown) are connected to the pipe, the cylinder rod 15 is extended or contracted when the control valve is operated so that the body (7) in the longitudinal direction of the frame (1) It is to be able to exercise relative movement.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 5, the power transmission device has a gear set (not shown) embedded in the axle casing 17 in which the axle shaft 16 is fitted at both ends of the power take-off shaft (not shown) of the tractor. The sprocket 20 and the V pulley 21 are sequentially inserted at one end of the axle shaft 16 while being connected via a propeller shaft 19 universally connected by the yoke 18 to the V poly ( 21 is connected to the pre-processing roller device and the chain driving device to be described later to operate by receiving the driving force of the axle shaft (16).

And the pre-processing roller device, as shown in Figure 6, the roller portion 22, bearings 23a, 23b for supporting the roller portion 22, roller drive for rotating the roller portion 22 Bar 24 is formed of a chain 24 and a cover 25 for protecting the roller drive chain 24. The roller portion 22 has a plurality of fixing plates having an annular shape and a fitting hole 26a formed along the circumferential direction ( 27) and a pair of external bodies 28 each having a disc shape in the center and a fitting hole 28a formed in the center in the circumferential direction, respectively, so that the fixing plate 27 and the outer plate 28 are In addition to being arranged through the support bar 29, the rotary shaft 30 is fitted to the central portion of the fastener 27 and the outer plate 28, respectively, to be fitted into the shaft fitting hole 28a. Meanwhile, the bearings 23a and 23b are positioned between the inner plate 2 and the outer plate 3 of the left and right plates 4 and 5, respectively, and the left bearing 23a is coupled to the outer plate 3 with a bowl. The right bearing 23b is installed to be detachably attached to the outer plate 3 through the disk-shaped bracket 31, so that both ends of the rotating shaft 30 are supported and the roller portion 22 can be easily dismantled. It is.

In addition, one end of the rotating shaft 30 is fitted so as to protrude outward of the right plate 5, the sprocket 32 is fitted to the protruding portion, the sprocket 32 is the V pulley 21 of the power transmission device. ) And the roller drive chain 24 are connected to each other, while the roller drive chain 24 and the connection portion of the sprocket 32 and the V pulley 21 are covered with a cover 25 made of an iron plate or the like. have.

On the other hand, the chain drive device is provided with a conveying chain 34 for conveying the harvested harvest to the rear, and a drive shaft 35 for rotating the conveying chain 34, wherein the conveying chain 34, a plurality of support rods 36 are arranged in the vertical direction at predetermined intervals, as shown in FIG. 7, and known roller chains 37 are provided at both ends of the support rods 36, and at the center thereof. The if chains 38 are connected to each other so as to move between the inner and outer tubes 2 and 3 of the left and right plates 4 and 5 of the roller chain 37.

The sprocket 39 located between the inner and outer surfaces 2 and 3 of the left and right plates 4 and 5 is fitted to both ends of the drive shaft 35, respectively, and welded to the drive shaft 35. The bearing 40 is fitted. In this case, the bearing 40 has a substantially U-shape and is fitted to a bearing case 42 having a bolt tightening portion 41 at a predetermined position to fix the bolt tightening portion 41 as a medium. 42 are fastened to the outer plate 3 of the left and right plates 4 and 5 by bolts, and the bearing 40 is removed by rotating the bolt fastener 41 and then removing the bearing 40. When dismantling the drive shaft 35 and the transfer chain 34 connected thereto can be easily separated. In addition, when the bearing 40 is properly adjusted through the bolt tightening portion 41, the rotation of the chain drive shaft 35 may be smoothly maintained.

And the transfer chain 34 is to be moved along the chain path 42 formed on the left and right plates (4, 5), that is, the left and right plate as shown in FIG. A pair of chain passages 43 having a substantially U-shape along the longitudinal direction are formed on the inner plates 2 of 4 and 5, respectively, and one pair fitted into the bearings 44a and 44b inward of the chain passage 43. Rollers 45a and 45b and the chain drive shaft 35 are mounted, and the V pulley 33 installed on the chain drive shaft 35 is connected to the V pulley 21 and the belt (not shown) of the power train. By being connected, the feed chain 34 installed in an endless track via the rollers 45a and 45b and the chain drive shaft 35 is operated according to the rotation of the V pulley 21.

On the other hand, the upper guide rail 46 and the lower guide rails 47 are installed on the upper and lower sides of the chain passage 43, among which the upper guide rail 46 is the first bracket 48 and the first Two brackets 49, the first bracket 48 is fixed to the upper side of the chain passage 43, one end portion is fixed to the inner plate (2) left and right plate (4, which is installed) 5, the second bracket 49 is positioned between the rollers 45a and 45b and the rollers 45b and the chain drive shaft 35, respectively. The lower side of the) is mounted independently of each other to be parallel to the first bracket (48).

The lower guide rail 47 is extended from the chain passage 43 to the chain driving shaft 35 in a form extending from the roller 45a to the chain driving shaft 35 at a position adjacent to the lower edge of the inner plate 2. It is installed in parallel with the chain passage 43 in an extended form.

Therefore, the roller chain 37 of the transfer chain 34 is supported between the upper guide rail 46 and the lower guide rail 47 through the first bracket 48 and the second bracket 49. The supporting rod 36 is exposed to the outside through the chain passage 43 and the leaf chain 37 is mediated through the bushing 50 while being moved on the lower guide rail 47. By moving in an airtight state between the inner plate 2 and the outer plate 3 mutually supported by, the stones, gravel or soil, etc. are accumulated in the contact surface between the rollers 45a and 45b and the leaf chain 37. This can prevent work interruption caused.

And the collection device is installed in the vertical direction at the rear of the left and right plates (4, 5), respectively, to operate elastically, that is, as shown in Figures 2 to 3, the length at one side end The bracket 53 is installed on the collection plate 52 in which the bent portion 51 is formed along the direction so as to rotate the bracket 53 on one side in a vertical direction with the bent portion 51 by a hinge or the like. The collection plate 52 is attached to the inner plates 2 of the left and right plates 4 and 5, respectively.

In addition, one end of the wire 54 bent in a U-shape is welded to the bent portion 51 of the collection plate 52 along the longitudinal direction, and the other end of the wire 54 is a chain drive shaft 35. ) Is fixed to the rear of the inner plate 2 adjacent to the inner plate 2 by welding, and the collection plate 52 forms a predetermined angle with the inner plate 2 of the left and right plates 4 and 5 via a wire 54. It is made to swing left and right elastically about 53 as an axis.

On the other hand, in the front of the left and right plates (4, 5), that is, adjacent to the pre-processing roller device, the long blade blade 55 is inclined by the inner plate (2) between the left and right plates (4, 5). It is fixed to have a, between the longitudinal side end of the long blade (55) and the pretreatment roller device is provided so that the mud blade 56 can freely rotate up and down along the longitudinal direction, that is, the first As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 and FIG. 10, hooks 57 hooked along the longitudinal direction of the long blade blade 55 are attached at regular intervals, and are hooked through the hooks 57. The part 58 is formed in a structure in which a plurality of mud blades 56 protrudingly formed are arranged over the entire length of the long blade blade 55.

In addition, in front of the left and right plates (4, 5), a soil collecting plate (57) having a predetermined shape is welded to the front edge of the inner plate (2) to project the left and right plates (4, 5) forward. In addition, one side thereof is firmly welded to the left and right ends of the long blade blade 55.

Next will be described the operation of the tractor mounting excavator according to the present invention configured as described above.

First, the lower bracket 9 and the upper bracket 11 are connected to the three-point connection part (not shown) installed at the rear of the tractor through the respective fastening portions 8a and 8b, so that the excavator is inclined at a predetermined angle to the rear of the tractor. After mounting in such a state that the tilt control lever (not shown) and the position control lever (not shown) connected to the three-point connection pipe are properly operated, the excavator will rotate the fastening portions 8a and 8b to the shaft. As a result, the long blade blade 55 forms a predetermined angle with the excavation surface.

Subsequently, when the yoke 18 of the power transmission device is connected to the power take-off shaft of the tractor rear, which is not shown, and then the power take-off shaft is operated, the rotational force of the power take-off shaft is transmitted to the axle shaft 16 via the propeller shaft 19. As a result, the V pulley 21 fitted to the axle shaft 16 is rotated so that the preprocessing roller device and the chain drive device connected thereto are operated at the same time. That is, the rotary shaft 30 of the pretreatment roller device and the drive shaft 35 of the chain drive device are connected to the V pulley 21 of the power transmission device via the roller drive chain 24 and the V belt, respectively. While rotating in the opposite direction to rotate the roller portion 22 and the transfer chain 34 at the same time.

Therefore, the soil and potato floated by the long blade blade 55 sequentially passes through the roller portion 22 of the pretreatment roller device and the transfer chain 34 of the chain drive device, and the soil is supported by the transfer chain 34. While falling between the 36, the potato is conveyed to the rear of the left and right plates 4 and 5, and only the potatoes are collected by the collecting plate 52 of the collecting device to the center of the conveying chain 34 to the rear of the excavator. Will fall.

On the other hand, as described above, while the excavation operation is carried out using the tractor's traction and driving force as the power source, the soil blade 56 and the roller 22 break the hard soil so that the soil on the potato transfer chain 34 In the process of passing through it is easy to fall off, while the dust blade 56 is installed to pivot up and down individually about the hook 57, for example, the soil mixed with stones or gravel is raised In the case of passing through the roller part 22, even if the stone or gravel is caught between the support rods 29 of the roller part 22 and rotates together with the roller part 22, the stone or gravel hits the blade 54. Since the soiling blade 54 of the contacting part is pivoted locally, the long blade blade 55 can be prevented from being damaged.

In addition, the transfer chain 34 and both roller chains 37 are installed in an airtight state between the inner and outer plates 2 and 3, and the chain passage 43 moves in an infinitely orbital manner while only the supporting rods 36 are out. In order to prevent breakage of the transfer chain 34 by interfering between the chain and the roller, such as stones or gravel, work is not interrupted for a long time, thereby improving workability.

In addition, the body left and right moving apparatus, even when the straight excavation is made or the excavation work on the working surface inclined than the normal surface, while adjusting the excavator to be located in the center of the tractor, the rotation direction of the tractor when rotating excavation Since the traveling direction of the tow and the tow is not matched to move the excavator to the left and right with respect to the tractor so that the unexcavated surface does not occur so that the normal excavation work can be done. That is, for example, when the excavation surface is severe or inclined during straight excavation and the excavator is shifted to one side with respect to the center of the tractor, the hydraulic cylinder 14 is operated to move the body left and right moving apparatus in the longitudinal direction of the frame 1. Proper movement ensures that the excavation of the excavator is always in place.

In the case of the rotary excavation operation, if the tractor rotates to the left or right direction, and then the operator moves or retracts the hydraulic cylinder 14 appropriately to the tractor to the left or right, the excavator is By passing over the undrilled surface it is possible to perform a normal excavation work.

On the other hand, in the collection device is put on the conveying chain 34, the potato that has been transported to the rear of the excavator is collected in the center portion to fall to the bottom bar, that is, the collection plate 52 is a bracket 53 by the elastic force of the wire 54 By rotating around the axis, even if a relatively large amount of potatoes are placed on the transfer chain 34 can be easily collected in the center of the chain can be improved work efficiency.

As described above, according to the tractor mounting excavator of the present invention, the excavator being towed can be selectively moved to the left or the right, so that normal excavation can be performed, and the roller is sealed between the inner and outer plates of the left and right plates. Since it is installed in a state that the chain is not broken and work is not interrupted, there is an effect that the excavation efficiency can be much improved.

Claims (8)

A three-point support device mounted via a pair of frames installed between the left plate and the right plate, and a long blade blade mounted to extract crops in front of the left and right plates, and a chain drive device for transferring the harvested crops to the rear. In the tractor mounting excavator consisting of a power transmission device for driving the transfer chain connected to the power take-off side of the tractor, the left and right body moving device installed on the frame (1) to move in parallel in the longitudinal direction, the left and right Pre-processing roller devices and chain drive devices installed at the front and rear of the plates 4 and 5, respectively, connected to and driven by the power transmission device, and the left and right plates 4, at positions adjacent to the chain drive devices. 5) Tractor mounting excavator with collection device installed via 5). 2. The inner and outer plates 2, 3 according to claim 1, wherein the left plate 4 and the right plate 5 are formed of an inner plate 2 and an outer plate 3, and the inner and outer plates 2, 3 carry a predetermined bushing 50. Tractor mounting excavator, characterized in that installed so as to support each other. The first bracket 48 and the first bracket 48 are formed above and below the chain passage 44 while the chain passage 43 having a substantially U-shape is formed along the longitudinal direction of the inner plate 2. The upper guide rail 46 consisting of two brackets 49 and the lower side of the chain passage 43, the lower guide rail 47 is mounted for tractor mounting, characterized in that each fixed to be parallel to the chain passage 44 Excavator. The hydraulic cylinder (14) according to claim 1, wherein the body left / right moving apparatus is mounted with a hydraulic cylinder (14) via a bracket (13a) fixedly attached to one side of the body (7) of the three-point support device at right angles. The cylinder rod 15 of 14 is pin-coupled to the bracket 13b attached to either one of the left plate 4 and the right plate 5 so that the body 7 is operated in accordance with the operation of the hydraulic cylinder 14. Tractor mounting excavator, characterized in that configured to be able to move in parallel along the longitudinal direction of the frame (1). 2. The pretreatment roller device according to claim 1, wherein the pretreatment roller device has an annular shape and a fixing plate 27 in which a plurality of fitting holes 26a are formed in the circumferential direction. The roller part 22 in which the support rod 29 and the rotating shaft 30 were fitted in the said fitting hole 26a, 26b and the shaft fitting hole 28a of the outer plate 28 in which the shaft fitting hole 28a was formed, respectively, is mentioned above. While interposed between the inner plate 2 and the outer plate 3 of the left and right plates 4 and 5 and fastened to the outer plate 3 by means of a bowl, respectively, the left and right bearings 23a and 23b are interposed. One end of the rotary shaft 30 is fitted to the sprocket 32 is projected to the outside of the right plate 5, characterized in that configured to be connected to the power transmission device and the roller drive chain 24 through the medium. Tractor mounted excavators. According to claim 1, wherein the chain drive device, the transfer chain 34 consisting of a plurality of support rods 36, each of which is connected to the roller chain 37 and the center portion of the leaf chain 38, both ends are guided In addition to moving along the chain passage 43 while being supported by the rail 46 and the lower guide rail 47, both ends of the drive shaft 35 are fitted to the bearing 40 to tighten the bolt 41. A tractor mounting excavator, characterized in that configured to be connected to the power transmission device via a V pulley (33) fitted at one end thereof while being supported by a bearing case (42). The collection device according to claim 1, wherein the collection device includes a collection plate (52) hinged through a bracket (53) bolted to the inside of the left and right plates (4, 5), and a rear side of the collection plate (52). While fixed and attached, one end portion is made of a U-shaped wire 54 attached to the rear of the inner plate 2 adjacent to the chain drive shaft 35, and the collection plate 52 is elastically supported through the wire 54. Tractor mounting excavator, characterized in that configured to be rotatable in a state. The long blade (55) is provided with hook-shaped hooks (57) attached at regular intervals along its longitudinal direction, while the locking portions (58) are integrally formed through these hooks (57). As the mud blades 56 are formed to protrude into a plurality of arrangements, the mud blades 56 are rotated upwards about the hook 57, characterized in that the tractor mounting excavator.