KR910005917A - 화학반응을 수행하는 방법 및 그 화학반응을 사용한 반응기 - Google Patents

화학반응을 수행하는 방법 및 그 화학반응을 사용한 반응기 Download PDF

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KR910005917A
KR910005917A KR1019900014230A KR900014230A KR910005917A KR 910005917 A KR910005917 A KR 910005917A KR 1019900014230 A KR1019900014230 A KR 1019900014230A KR 900014230 A KR900014230 A KR 900014230A KR 910005917 A KR910005917 A KR 910005917A
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요하네스 마리아 반 빈게르덴 안토니우스
퀴린 마리아 본 안드리스
빌헬름 게우스 요한
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랜더트 노르드지
브이이지-가스인스티튜트 엔. 브이.
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
    • B01J35/50—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their shape or configuration
    • B01J35/56—Foraminous structures having flow-through passages or channels, e.g. grids or three-dimensional monoliths
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J12/00—Chemical processes in general for reacting gaseous media with gaseous media; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
    • B01J12/007—Chemical processes in general for reacting gaseous media with gaseous media; Apparatus specially adapted therefor in the presence of catalytically active bodies, e.g. porous plates
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
    • B01J8/02—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds
    • B01J8/0285—Heating or cooling the reactor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2208/00—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor
    • B01J2208/00008—Controlling the process
    • B01J2208/00017—Controlling the temperature
    • B01J2208/00026—Controlling or regulating the heat exchange system
    • B01J2208/00035—Controlling or regulating the heat exchange system involving measured parameters
    • B01J2208/00044—Temperature measurement
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2208/00—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor
    • B01J2208/00008—Controlling the process
    • B01J2208/00017—Controlling the temperature
    • B01J2208/00106—Controlling the temperature by indirect heat exchange
    • B01J2208/00168—Controlling the temperature by indirect heat exchange with heat exchange elements outside the bed of solid particles
    • B01J2208/00212—Plates; Jackets; Cylinders
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/18—Details relating to the spatial orientation of the reactor
    • B01J2219/185—Details relating to the spatial orientation of the reactor vertical
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
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    • Y02P20/582—Recycling of unreacted starting or intermediate materials
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S423/00—Chemistry of inorganic compounds
    • Y10S423/06—Temperature control
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S423/00—Chemistry of inorganic compounds
    • Y10S423/09—Reaction techniques
    • Y10S423/13—Catalyst contact

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
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Abstract

내용 없음

Description

화학반응을 수행하는 반응 및 그 화학방법을 사용한 반응기
본 내용은 요부공개 건이므로 전문내용을 수록하지 않았음
제1도는 본 발명에 따른 촉매시스템이고,
제2도는 단단히 연결된 기본 본체에 촉매활성입자를 적용시키는 방법을 스케치한 것이다.

Claims (10)

  1. 촉매활성 물질이 존재하는 고체 반응기와 적어도 하나의 열공급 및/또는 방출반응기벽으로 이루어져 있는 촉매반응기에서, 상기 촉배 베드는 벽의 한쪽에 함께 소결시킨 기본물질 입자로 구성괴어 있고 반응기벽의 다른면은 소결시키지 않은 물질로 이루어져 있으며 반응기베드의 어떤위치에서 가장 가까운 열공급 및/또는 방출벽까지의 최대거리(m)가 (Xmax) 다음(Ⅰ)식 결정되는 피이드스톡이 촉매반응기를 통과하게 되는 이물질의 촉매 존재하에서 화학반응을 수행하는 방법에서 방법.
    Xmax≤-λa'/αi.a.2+(λa'/αi.a.2)2+λ.△Tmax/a.q (Ⅰ)
    상기식에서, λ는 2 내지 250의 값을 갖는 소결된 물질의 열전도도의 계수이고(W/mk), αi는 열공급 및/또는 방출반응기벽의 반응기면 위로의 열전이계수(W/㎡/K)로서 εα와 같다. 여기서 ε는 1.0 내지 10의 값을 가지며 물질을 소결시킴으로서 열전이의 증가를 나타내며, α는 소결되지 않은 상태에서 반응기 베드로 부터의 열전이 계수이다.
    △Tmax는 반응기베드를 통하여 복사단면적을 가로질러 측정되는데 상기 단면적의 어떤점과 가장가까운 열공급 및/또는 방출반응기벽 사이의 온도차의 절대값으로서 최대 허용값은 1 내지 1000K이다.
    a는 반응기의 기하학적 형태에 의해 결정되는 형성인자 로서 0.25 내지 0.5의 값을 갖는다.
    a'는 반응기의 단면적과 Xmax에 의해 배수가되는 상기 반응기의 열교환 원주 사이의 비를 나타내는 형성인자인데, 0.5 내지 1의 값을 가지며 q는 반응기 베드에서 발생하는 최대 반응열인데 (W/㎡), 반응열은 복사방향으로 벽을 통하여 공급 및/또는 방출된다.
  2. 제1항에 있어서, 반응기베드의 어떤위치에서 가장 가까운 열공급 및/또는 방출벽까지의 최대거리는 다음식(Ⅱ)으로 결정되어짐을 특징으로 하는 방법.
    Xmax≤-λa'/a(△Tmax/Q-1/αi) (Ⅱ)
    상기식에서, a, a', λ, △Tmax는 상기(Ⅰ) 식에서 나타낸 것과 같고, Q는 반응기벽 ㎡당 복사방향으로 수송된 열이다.
  3. 제1항에 있어서, 기본입자는 사실상 등방성이며, 필라멘트 또는 섬유로 이루어짐을 특징으로 하는 방법.
  4. 제1항에 있어서의 화학반응은 대단한 발열반응 또는 대단한 흡열반응임을 특징으로 하는 방법.
  5. 제4항에 있어서, 화학반응은 촉매연소, 에틸렌옥사이드의 제조, 암모니아 합성 또는 황화수소의 선택적산화임을 특징으로 하는 방법.
  6. 제5항에 있어서, 황화수소 3부피% 이상을 함유하는 가스혼합물은 황화수소가 황으로 전환되는 황화수소의 선택적 산화를 받는 것을 특징으로 하는 방법.
  7. 피이드스톡이 촉매반응기를 통과하게 되는 이질의 촉매 존재하에서 화학반응을 수행하는 방법에서, 상기 반응기는 촉매활성물질이 존재하는 고체반응기와 적어도 하나의 열공급 및/또는 방출반응기벽으로 이루어져 있으며 상기 촉매베드는 벽의 한쪽에 함께 소결시킨 기본물질 입자로 구성되어 있고 반응벽의 다른면은 소결시키지 않은 물질로 이루어져 있으며 반응기베드의 어떤위치에서 가장 가까운 열공급 및/또는 방출벽의 최대거리(m)가 (Xmax) 다음(Ⅰ) 식으로 결정되는 것임을 특징으로 하는 촉매 반응기.
    Xmax≤-λa'/αi.a.2+(λa'/αi.a.2)2+λ.△Tmax/a.q (Ⅰ)
    상기식에서, λ는 2 내지 250의 값을 갖는 소결된 물질의 열전도도의 계수이고(W/mk), αi는 열공급 및/또는 방출반응기벽의 반응기면 위로의 열전이계수(W/㎡/K)로서 εα와 같다. 여기서 ε는 1.0 내지 10의 값을 가지며 물질을 소결시킴으로서 열전이의 증가를 나타내며, α는 소결되지 않은 상태에서 반응기 베드로부터의 열전이 계수이다.
    △Tmax는 반응기베드를 통하여 복사단면적을 가로질러 측정되는데 상기 단면적의 어떤점과 가장 가까운 열공급 및/또는 방출반응기벽 사이의 온도차의 절대값으로서 최대 허용값은 1 내지 1000K이다.
    a는 반응기의 기하학적 형태에 의해 결정되는 형성인자 로서 0.25 내지 0.5의 값을 갖는다.
    a'는 반응기의 단면적과 Xmax에 의해 배수가되는 상기 반응기의 열교환 원주 사이의 비를 나타내는 형성인자인데, 0.5 내지 1의 값을 가지며 q는 반응기 베드에서 발생하는 최대 반응열인데(W/㎡), 반응열은 복사방향으로 벽을 통하여 공급 및/또는 방출된다.
  8. 제7항에 있어서, 촉매반응기는 반응기베드의 어떤위치에서 가장가까운 열공급 및/또는 방출벽까지의 최대 거리는 다음식(Ⅱ)으로 결정되어짐을 특징으로 하는 방법.
    Xmax≤-λa'/a(△Tmax/Q-1/αi) (Ⅱ)
    상기식에서, a, a', λ, △Tmax는 상기(Ⅰ) 식에서 나타낸 것과 같고, Q는 반응기벽 ㎡당 복사방향으로 수송된 열이다.
  9. 촉매활성 물질을 액체속에 분산시켜 단단하게 연결된 기본본체에 용시킨다음, 분산물의 점도를 증가시켜서 됨을 특징으로 하는 촉매 시스템을 형성시키는 방법.
  10. 제9항에 있어서 방법은 한천을 포함하는 분산물을 사용하는데 상기 분산물을 상승된 온도에서 단단하게 연결된 기본본체에 적용시킨 다음 냉각시키는 것임을 특징으로 하는방법.
    ※ 참고사항 : 최초출원 내용에 의하여 공개하는 것임.
KR1019900014230A 1989-09-08 1990-09-07 화학반응을 수행하는 방법 및 그 화학반응을 사용한 반응기 KR0169974B1 (ko)

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NL8902250A NL8902250A (nl) 1989-09-08 1989-09-08 Werkwijze voor het uitvoeren van een chemische reactie en daarbij te gebruiken reactor.

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ATE111767T1 (de) 1994-10-15
DK0416710T3 (da) 1995-03-27
ES2064602T3 (es) 1995-02-01
CA2024524A1 (en) 1991-03-09
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JP3150687B2 (ja) 2001-03-26
RU2013118C1 (ru) 1994-05-30
EP0416710A1 (en) 1991-03-13
DE69012721D1 (de) 1994-10-27
DE69012721T2 (de) 1995-01-19
CA2024524C (en) 2000-08-22
US5366719A (en) 1994-11-22
JPH03165831A (ja) 1991-07-17

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