KR880001504B1 - Combustion apparatus for solid fuel of low ash content - Google Patents

Abstract

The solid fuel combustor comprises a holding board for holding solid fuels of low ash content. The board being free of grooves and slits has on its upper surface, a heat-insulating and heat-retaining layer made of a heat-resistant material. A cylindrical body defines a combustion chamber, removably mounted above a heat-insulating layer for movement toward and away from the layer and spaced to define an air intake. There is a further heat-insulating and heat-retaining layer of a heat-resistant material on the inside of the cylindrical body. A drum portion on the top of the cylindrical body has an inlet opening for supplying fuel to the combustion chamber and a cover removably mounted over the inlet opening.

Description

Low Ash Solid Fuel Combustor

1 is an exploded perspective view showing an embodiment of a combustion apparatus according to the present invention.

2 is a longitudinal sectional view of the device shown in FIG.

3 is a plan view showing the main parts of another embodiment of a combustion apparatus according to the present invention;

4 is a longitudinal sectional view of the main part of FIG.

5 (a) is an enlarged plan view showing the main parts of another embodiment of the ignition device.

5 (b) is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view showing the main part of an embodiment different from the fifth (a) diagram.

6 is a central longitudinal sectional view showing an implementation state of the ignition device of FIG. 5 (a).

7 is an enlarged plan view showing still another embodiment of the ignition device.

FIG. 8 (a) is a central longitudinal cross-sectional view showing an implementation state of the ignition device of FIG.

8 (b) is a longitudinal cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of another ignition device.

9 is an enlarged plan view showing still another embodiment of the ignition device.

FIG. 10 is a central longitudinal sectional view showing an embodiment of the ignition apparatus of FIG.

11 is a plan view showing an arrangement in which a plurality of combustion apparatuses according to the present invention are used as one apparatus.

12 is a cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of the apparatus shown in FIG.

13 is a perspective view showing another embodiment of the combustion apparatus.

14 is a longitudinal sectional view of the combustion device of FIG.

15 is an enlarged perspective view showing still another embodiment of the ignition device.

FIG. 16 is a central longitudinal sectional view showing an implementation state of the ignition device of FIG.

17 is a perspective view of main parts of still another embodiment of the combustion apparatus.

18 is a central longitudinal cross-sectional view showing the main portion of another embodiment of the combustion apparatus.

19 is a central longitudinal cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of another combustion apparatus.

20 is an enlarged plan view showing still another embodiment of the ignition device.

* Explanation of symbols for main parts of the drawings

1: low ash solid fuel 2: base plate

3: (circle) cylinder 4: combustion chamber

5 drum 6 solid fuel inlet

7: chimney 8: cover

9: air hole 10: ring

11: ignition material 12: ignition device

13 heater electrode 14 gas burner

15: Flashback prevention metal plate 15 ": Cone

16: carbon rod 17: metal plate for arc generation

17 ': metal plate control panel 21: heat insulating layer of the support plate

23: shutter 31: heat insulation thermal insulation layer of (circle)

33: pin 34: cylindrical case

35: tapered groove 36: air suction gap

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a combustion device for low ash solid fuels, and more particularly to a combustion device for simple and efficient combustion of low ash solid fuels.

In the conventional solid fuel combustion apparatus, a roaster of a plate material is provided in which a plurality of ventilation slits are formed at predetermined positions in the center of the combustion chamber. When the solid fuel is to be combusted, the solid fuel is stacked on the roaster to a predetermined height, and the accumulated solid fuel is ignited by a suitable ignition means to be continuously burned (Japanese Utility Model Publication) 36174/1964, 36175/1964 and 23003/1965. In this combustion process, the solid fuel to be used needs to have long-term fire preservation for the purpose of its use. If a solid fuel containing less than 10% ash is used during combustion, it will fall from the space of the roaster, resulting in lower thermal efficiency.

In order to eliminate this drawback, the use of solid fuel with ash content of 10% or more will remain as ash with the original shape of the solid fuel even after it has been burned, so that it will not fall off from the roaster, so that thermal efficiency will be extended for a long time. Can be maintained. However, in such a case, the amount of ash remaining after combustion increases, and not only a lot of labor is required to dispose of it, but also an increase in production cost in the selection of fuel raw materials and its molding is inevitable. In order to overcome the above drawbacks, the use of low ash content in the solid fuel hardly contaminates the atmosphere, and the problem of disposal of ash remaining in the combustion apparatus can be solved.

The main purpose of the present invention is to improve the efficiency of the low ash solid fuel, and to prevent the occurrence of unexpected events such as unintentional extinguishing and low ash solid fuel which can reduce the residual amount of unburned material in small amounts. It is to provide a combustion device.

In order to achieve the above object, in the present invention, the solid fuel is stacked on a flat plate having no venting slit. On this flat plate, a cylindrical body is formed around the solid fuel to form a combustion chamber. A small air intake gap having a width proportional to the displacement is formed between the lower end of the cylindrical body and the plate. In addition, a protective support cone having a form that gradually decreases toward the upper center portion is installed on the flat plate, so that the solid fuel is maintained in the arch form.

Under the structure as described above, even if the solid fuel in the combustion chamber is burned or cracked or scattered at a high combustion temperature, the fine solid fuel is supported by the protective support cone and the flat plate and is not dropped from them. As a result, the solid fuel in the center is not lowered.

Thus, the solid fuel is continuously burned by an appropriate amount of air naturally sucked along the inclined surface of the protective support cone in a warm state through a small air intake gap, whereby the solid fuel is almost completely burned. It is possible to reliably prevent the inefficiency caused by the fall of the fine solid fuel or due to the falling solid fuel itself.

The present invention relates to a low ash solid fuel combustion device capable of easily and efficiently burning solid fuel as described above.

Fuels used in various applications include coal, petroleum, and natural gas, but these have advantages and disadvantages, respectively.

Coal, for example, is solid in itself, which does not require a special container for transportation or storage, and is easy to handle. On the other hand, since the stacking rate is low in terms of space occupancy, it requires not only a large space for transportation or storage. There are drawbacks such as a large amount of ash generated by combustion, dust in the exhaust gas, which causes pollution, and it is difficult to dispose of the ash remaining in the combustion apparatus. Moreover, since coal is a solid and not very volatile, it takes time to ignite, and there is a drawback that the fire is turned off when the amount of coal or the ignition is too small.

On the other hand, petroleum, natural gas, and the like generate little ash due to combustion, and since there is little dust in the exhaust gas, there is little concern about polluting the air.

In addition, since there is a lot of volatile components, the ignition is extremely simple and the amount of petroleum and natural gas supplied to the combustion components can be reduced. On the other hand, petroleum and natural gas are liquids or gases themselves, and thus require special containers for transportation and storage, and since the flash point is low, the risk of fire or explosion is extremely high. There is a flaw that requires attention.

In terms of price, petroleum and natural gas are more expensive than solid fuels such as coal and coke. Therefore, in the case of winter heating in each factory, greenhouse, etc. which consume a large amount of fuel in a cold district, it is inevitably required to spend enormous costs. Under these circumstances, briquettes, briquettes, coal, and the like have been widely used as solid fuels that are easy to handle in transportation and storage, have a high ignition rate, and are free from fire or explosion.

As a conventional combustion device for such a solid fuel, as described above, a flat plate and a roaster in which a plurality of vent slits are formed in the center of the flat plate are provided. The solid fuel is piled thickly on the roaster at a predetermined height, and in such a state, the fuel is ignited by a suitable ignition device and then burned continuously (for example, Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 36175/1964, 36174). / 1964, 23003/1965). The solid fuel used above requires high fire resistance according to its use. When using a solid fuel having a ash content of 10% or more, the solid fuel falls from the space of the roaster during combustion, causing a decrease in thermal efficiency. In order to prevent this, when a solid fuel having an ash content of 10% or more is used, the solid fuel is not dropped from the roaster even after combustion, and thus remains as a material having the original shape of the solid fuel, so that thermal efficiency is preserved for a long time. However, in this case, as noted above, the residual amount of ash after combustion increases, and much labor is required to dispose of it, as well as the production cost required for the selection and molding of the raw material becomes relatively large.

As part of eliminating these shortcomings, the use of low ash content in the solid fuel can almost eliminate the possibility of erroneous air and solve the problem of disposal of ash remaining in the combustion apparatus.

Conventional low ash solid fuels are charcoal, lignite, coal pitch coke, petroleum coke, carcinner coke, etc., which are inexpensive and high in calories, but such low ash solid fuels contain a lot of sulfur. Combustion will adversely affect the metal. Therefore, when these solid fuels were to be used for industrial purposes, they were used in a cement kiln (窯爐: kiln), which is not affected by sulfur in consideration of its usage or using coal in combination. In addition, when these low ash solid fuels are used as fuels for general heating, not only a bad odor is generated but also a fall phenomenon which is not found in solid fuels having a ash content of 10% or more due to the low ash tends to occur. Solid fuel with an ash content of 8% falls from the roaster without sustaining solids as it is burned, and cracks in the fuel due to its high temperature combustion cause the surface area to be increased and the combustion speed is further increased. During this time, the refined combustion fuel falls from the aeration slit of the roaster, and the combustion temperature is lowered due to the heat dissipation, which causes the combustion to stop, resulting in unburned residual coal and wasting. Therefore, the combustion efficiency of the solid fuel is lowered, the amount of fuel deposited is reduced during combustion, and when the fire is unexpectedly turned off during the combustion, fine fuel falling from the aeration slit of the roaster must be removed during combustion. Additional work was required, such as the need to do so. In addition, since the coke is sprayed with water during its manufacturing process, when the drying and dehydration are insufficient, the moisture contained in the combustion is released as steam by the heat of the fire, so that the fuel is scattered and the roaster is more than usual. Falls are often frequent.

Therefore, the main object of the present invention for solving the above-mentioned drawbacks is to increase the utilization efficiency of low ash solid fuel, to prevent the unexpectedly extinguished fire, and to reduce the amount of unburned combustion to a minimum. In order to achieve this object, the present invention is not provided with any vent slits, and includes a flat plate supporting solid fuel, a cylindrical body installed on a flat plate to surround the solid fuel, and a combustion chamber, and a lower end of the cylindrical body. Air intake gap installed between the plate and the plate and having a width proportional to the amount of exhaust gas, and a protective support cone installed on the plate and having a shape that becomes narrower toward the upper center portion to keep the fuel in an arch shape. The combustion device which consists of etc. is provided.

Therefore, even if the fuel is cracked or scattered as the combustion temperature of the solid fuel rises to a high temperature, the micronized fuel is supported by the protective support cone and the flat plate so that it does not fall from the flat plate and does not fall from the flat plate. The center part does not fall, either. In this way, the solid fuel is continuously combusted and completely combusted along with an appropriate amount of air naturally drawn along the inclined surface of the cone in a warm state through a narrow air suction gap, so that the fire can be prevented from extinguishing due to the drop of fine fuel. In addition, it is possible to avoid waste of fuel when the falling fuel itself is turned off.

In the combustion apparatus of the present invention, a fuel having a ash content of about 5% or less can be used as the low ash solid fuel. Among the solid fuels used in the prior art, anthracite has an ash content of about 10%, and coal coke has an ash content of about 10 to 14%, all of which are difficult to dispose of ash. However, in conventional fuels, for example, agarite and lignite have ash content of 5% or less and petroleum coke has ash content of 1% or less, so lignite, petroleum coke, coal pitch coke, shaping coke, Inexpensive fuels such as briquettes, carcinner cokes, charcoal and the like can be used to overcome the difficulties of disposal of ash.

The following describes the present invention in detail by the accompanying drawings showing preferred embodiments.

1 is an exploded perspective view showing one embodiment of a low ash solid fuel combustion apparatus according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of the apparatus. As shown in the figure, the combustion apparatus includes a support plate 2 supporting the low ash solid fuel 1 and a cylindrical body installed on the support plate 2 to surround the solid fuel 1 to form the combustion chamber 4. (3), the drum portion 5 which is continuously installed at the upper end of the cylindrical body 3, the solid fuel inlet 6 provided at the upper end of the drum portion 5, and the upper end of the drum portion 5 It is comprised from the chimney 7 etc. provided in the side wall which existed. The chimney 7 can be provided with a damper 7 'for appropriately adjusting the displacement. The cross-sectional shape of the cylindrical body 3 can be comprised in circular, octagonal, hexagonal, pentagonal, pentagonal, triangular, etc. according to the necessity by the installation site and a design request.

The base plate 2 is mainly comprised from the metal flat material which has a predetermined thickness. An insulating heat insulating layer 21 is formed on the upper surface of the supporting plate 2 by attaching an insulating heat insulating material such as a castable heat insulating brick to a predetermined thickness. Legs 22, 22, and 22 of constant length are provided on the periphery of the bottom face of the backing plate 2. In the center part of the support plate 2, the shutter 23 which drops the low ash solid fuel 1 is provided.

The cylindrical body 3 mainly consists of a metal cylinder of predetermined thickness, The inner wall is formed with the heat insulation heat insulation layer 31 to which the heat insulation thermal insulation power was excellent and to which the solid fireproof material was affixed. The inner surface of this heat insulation thermal insulation layer 31 is formed with the taper surface becoming narrower gradually downward. The lower ends of the metal cylinders are provided with legs 32, 32, and 32 of predetermined length. In addition, pins 33, 33, and 33 protrude from the outer periphery of the lower end side of the metal cylinder. Meanwhile, tapered grooves 35, 35, and 35 into which pins 33, 33, and 33 can be inserted are drilled at predetermined positions of the cylindrical case 34 mounted to the lower end of the metal cylinder. Therefore, when the cylindrical case 34 is rotated, the cylindrical case 34 is moved up and down to adjust the width of the air suction gap 36 formed between the lower end of the cylindrical case 34 and the support plate 2.

When the cylindrical case is a square, it can be moved up and down by a conventionally known means. In FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, 8 is a cover for closing the solid fuel inlet 6, 9 is an air hole for controlling combustion by directly supplying the atmosphere to the drum part 5, and 10 is a hole 9 It is a ring to close.

The operation of the combustion device of low ash solid fuel configured as described above is as follows.

As described above, since no ignition device is incorporated in the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is necessary to first put the ignition material 11 on the support plate 2 and ignite the ignition material 11. As the complexing material 11, for example, conventional materials such as stacking firewood differently in a suitable direction, compressing paper into sticks, agglomeration, and applying oil may be used. After confirming that the ignition material 11 is ignited to combust, a certain amount of low ash solid fuel is input through the solid fuel inlet 6. In the combustion chamber, the solid fuel (1) is placed on the backing plate (2), covering the ignition material (11), where each piece of solid fuel is deposited with a constant gap between each other due to its mass form. Provide adequate ventilation.

Thereafter, as the ignition material 11 burns, the heating temperature of the solid fuel rises, and while the volatile component is released from the solid fuel by pyrolysis and burned in the air, the ambient temperature in the combustion chamber rises to reach a predetermined temperature. The solid fuel then combusts in contact with oxygen in the air when the ignition point is reached. When the low ash solid fuel starts to burn and the entire deposited solid is glowing and is burned at high temperature by radiant heat, the solid fuel cracks and becomes fine and scatters. At this time, since the solid fuel is supported by the plate-shaped support plate 2 which is not provided with the ventilation slit at all, even the solid fuel that has been refined remains in the high temperature combustion chamber 4 without falling. Therefore, the solid fuel is continuously burned by the radiant heat and thermal insulation effect by the structure of the cylindrical body 3 and the intake effect from the surroundings. As the low ash solid fuel is burned, combustion exhaust is discharged through the chimney 7, while the atmosphere is sucked into the combustion chamber 4 through the air suction gap 36.

Through experiments, it can be seen that the size of the air suction gap 36 has a great influence on the combustion of the low ash solid fuel 1. Therefore, by setting an appropriate balance for the intake and exhaust periods, the solid fuel can be burned vigorously even if it is not stacked thickly. Therefore, it is not necessary to install any special blower in the present invention.

If the air intake gap 36 is made too large, a large amount of cold air flows into the combustion chamber 4 and the scattering rate of heat exceeds the heat generation rate, so that the ambient temperature of the combustion chamber 4 is lowered and the solid fuel is turned off. I might throw it away. On the other hand, if the air intake gap 36 is made too small, the amount of air flowing into the combustion chamber 4 may be too small and the low ash solid fuel 1 may be turned off or backfire may occur. .

As combustion continues, if the amount of low ash solid fuel gradually decreases and approaches the limit to continue combustion, combustion can be continued again by opening the low ash solid fuel inlet 6 and injecting additional low ash solid fuel. have. The additional supply of solid fuel can be carried out by human hands, by machine or the like.

Furthermore, a thermosensitive element for detecting the temperature of the combustion exhaust gas passing through the chimney 7 is provided, and when the temperature of the exhaust gas detected by the thermosensitive element reaches a predetermined temperature or less, a predetermined amount of low ash solid fuel 1 is removed. By providing a feeding device, the interruption of combustion due to forgetting to inject the solid fuel 1 can be reliably prevented.

When it is necessary to stop combustion, a so-called fire extinguishing complex made of a heat insulating material and kept in an airtight state is installed, and the solid fuel in the combustion chamber 4 is dropped into the fire extinguishing complex by opening the shutter 23. Then, when the fire extinguishing complex is filled with fuel, close the shutter 23 and take out the fire extinguishing complex. As another method, the cylindrical case 34 may be lowered to seal the air suction gap 36 and the air hole 9 may be opened.

As can be seen from the above embodiment of the present invention, even if the low ash solid fuel is cracked and miniaturized, it is not only supported by the support plate without falling down, but also air is sucked in through the air suction gap provided in the outer periphery of the lower end of the combustion chamber. The refined solid fuel is completely combusted together with the solid fuel in the form of agglomeration, so that almost all solid fuel supplied to the combustion chamber can be combusted.

When petroleum coke containing 0.2% ash is used as the low ash solid fuel, about 10 g of the petroleum coke remaining unburned on the support plate (2) with respect to 500 g of petroleum coke introduced into the initial combustion chamber. %to be. Since the residual petroleum coke can be burned again, the amount of petroleum coke remaining in the unburned state on the upper surface of the support plate 2 is always low, even if the petroleum coke is repeatedly injected by 500 g each time. It's about 10% and there's little change. In this case, the formation of ash was hardly found.

3 and 4 show another embodiment of the combustion apparatus according to the present invention. FIG. 3 is a plan view of the combustion apparatus according to another embodiment, and FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the main part of the combustion apparatus according to the present invention. Only the shape of the heat insulation insulating layer 31 formed in the inner surface of the cylindrical body 3 differs from the embodiment of FIG. 3, FIG. That is, the inner surface of the heat insulation insulating layer 31 shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 becomes a vertical flat surface, and the combustion chamber 4 has an equal cross sectional area from the upper part to the lower part. In FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, the configuration of other parts is the same as the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 (hereinafter referred to as the first embodiment), and a description thereof will be omitted.

Therefore, the operation and effects are the same as those in the first embodiment, except that the lower part of the combustion chamber 4 is wider, so that more solid fuel 1 needs to be added to obtain a deposition height equivalent to that of the first embodiment. It is only there.

5 (a) and 6 show another embodiment of the ignition device, which differs from the first embodiment in that the ignition device 12 is integrally provided on the support plate 2. 5 (a) is a plan view of the ignition device 12 from above the support plate 2, and FIG. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the main part of the combustion device including the ignition device shown in FIG. 5 (a). to be.

The ignition device 12 shown in Figs. 5 (a) and 6 is composed of a ceramic heater which is usually shown in a scoop or circumferential shape on a plane, and is an upper surface of the heat insulating insulating layer 21 located on the top surface of the support plate 2. It is fixed at. The electrodes 13 and 13 of the ceramic heater are installed outside the combustion chamber 4 surrounded by the cylindrical body 3 to prevent direct exposure to a high temperature atmosphere during low ash solid fuel combustion such as petroleum coke. have.

On the other hand, unlike those shown in FIGS. 5 (a) and 6, a plurality of ceramic heaters, such as plate, square, round rod, and tubular tubes, are inserted into the inner surface of the heat insulating insulating layer 31. (See also fifth (b)), the electrode portion of each ceramic heater is protected in the same manner as described above and energized outside the combustion chamber. In FIG. 5 and FIG. 6, the other structures are the same as those of the first embodiment, and description thereof will be omitted. In this embodiment, the low ash solid fuel is burned in the same manner as in the first embodiment, and in order to perform ignition, simply supplying a current to the ceramic heater makes operation easier.

FIG. 7 is a plan view of a support plate 2 for housing the ignition device 12 according to another embodiment, and FIG. 8 (a) is a longitudinal sectional view of a main part of the combustion device showing an embodiment of the ignition device shown in FIG. The only difference from the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 is that the ignition device 12 having the following configuration is provided on the base plate 2. That is, the ignition device 12 shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 (a) is loosely inserted into the gas burner 14 fixed to the central upper surface of the support plate 2 and the lower end of the cylindrical body 3. The metal plate 15 mounted on the upper surface of the gas burner 14, the pipe 14 'which can move up and down through the support plate 2, and supplies fuel to the gas burner 14 is comprised. In addition, in the ignition apparatus composed of the gas burner 14 as shown in FIG. 8 (b), unlike the case shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 (a), the cylindrical body without using the metal plate 15 described above ( The lower surface of 3) is provided with a gas burner 14 to discharge the flame from a series of small pores inside the gas burner 14 to ignite and heat the lower end of the deposition coke directly. Other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment, so description thereof will be omitted.

In the embodiments shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the low ash solid fuel is combusted in the same manner as in the first embodiment, and when the solid fuel is to be ignited, only by igniting the gas burner 14 This makes operation easier. In the present embodiment, the metal plate 15 is placed on the upper surface of the gas burner 14 so that the refined solid fuel may be located near the gas-storing pores of the gas burner 14 to cause backfire. Is to prevent reliably. If there is no fear of backfire, the metal plate 15 may be omitted. In addition, when the gas burner 14 is formed into a ring shape larger than the lower end opening of the heat insulating insulating layer 31 and the gas discharge hole is installed in the inner circumference thereof, the metal plate 15 becomes unnecessary.

9 is a plan view of a support plate 2 for receiving the ignition device 12 according to another embodiment, and FIG. 10 is a longitudinal sectional view of a main portion of a combustion device showing an embodiment of the ignition device shown in FIG. The difference from the first embodiment is that the ignition device 12 having the following configuration is provided near the upper periphery of the base plate 2. That is, in the ignition apparatus shown in FIG. 9 and FIG. 10, the metal plate 17 which oscillates so that the carbon rod 16 can be folded while installing the carbon rod 16 through the periphery of the support plate 2 is provided. ), A DC voltage is applied between the carbon rod 16 and the metal plate 16. An arc is placed between the carbon rod 16 and the metal plate 17 by positioning the operation unit 17 ′ which swings the metal plate 17 outside of the combustion chamber 4 and by rocking the metal plate 17 by manual or motor. To be generated. Other configurations are the same as those in the first embodiment, and description thereof will be omitted. In this embodiment, the low ash solid fuel is combusted in the same manner as in the first embodiment, and when the solid fuel is to be ignited, the operation is simpler because only the arc 17 is generated by rocking the metal plate 17. .

In the above embodiment, the carbon rod 16 and the metal plate 17 are installed near the periphery of the support plate 2. The reason why the fluctuation of the metal plate 17 is inhibited by the low ash solid fuel introduced into the combustion chamber 4 is prevented. And the carbon rod 16 and the metal plate 17 at the center of the backing plate 2 if the rocking of the metal plate 17, that is, the reciprocating motion of the carbon plate 16 of the metal plate 17 can be ensured. It is much preferable to install to increase the ignition efficiency.

That is, in order to secure the rocking of the metal plate 17 as described above, the carbon rod 16 is erected upright and fixedly installed through the center of the base plate 2, and at the same time, the carbon rod is placed at a predetermined position on the upper surface of the base plate 2. A concave groove facing the 16 is laid so that the metal plate 17 can reciprocate. In this structure, since the low ash solid fuel 1 is larger than the width of the concave grooves, there is no fear that the solid fuel may get into the concave grooves. Therefore, smooth reciprocation of the metal plate 17 becomes possible, and solid fuel ignition can be efficiently performed in the center part of the support plate in which many solid fuel exists.

FIG. 11 is a plan view of a combustion apparatus of another embodiment capable of simultaneously burning a large amount of solid fuel, and FIG. 12 is a longitudinal sectional view of the combustion apparatus shown in FIG. In FIG. 11 and FIG. 12, a plurality of support plates 2, 2,. The cylinders (3), (3).. And then all the cylinders (3), (3). One drum portion 5 is provided so as to cover the same, and an exhaust gas discharge duct 18 is provided at a predetermined position of the drum portion 5.

In this embodiment, the whole including the plurality of combustion chambers 4 becomes one combustion chamber, and the low ash solid fuel is simultaneously burned in each of the combustion cylinders, so that the radiant heat of each cylinder acts on each other to burn. The amount of heat generated as a whole of the apparatus and the amount of generation of combustion exhaust gas can be increased slightly.

Therefore, a large amount of combustion exhaust gas may be fed to a place such as a drying chamber (not shown), for example, to efficiently dry the dry substance in the drying chamber.

In this case, it is preferable to use petroleum coke as the low ash solid fuel (1). Since petroleum coke contains less than 1% of ash, the combustion exhaust gas contains almost no dust, so there is little concern about adverse effects on the dry matter. In addition, when solid fuel is generally used in a thin layer, efficient combustion can be obtained.

FIG. 13 is a perspective view showing still another embodiment of the combustion apparatus according to the present invention, and FIG. 14 is a longitudinal sectional view of FIG. 13, wherein the first embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that the ignition apparatus 12 is located in the lower part of the combustion chamber 4; It is installed and the grilling net 37 is installed on it. The ignition device 12 shown in FIGS. 13 and 14 is composed of a plurality of ceramic heaters, such as tubular, and is installed in an inner space located slightly above the bottom of the combustion chamber 4, and is located above the legs. It is installed in the space, the grilling net 37 with legs is mounted on the upper end of the rectangular cylinder (3), and the electrode portion 13 'for supplying electric power to the ceramic heater (12) is one of the cylinders (3). It is withdrawn from the side.

In this embodiment, the solid fuel 1 bakes a fish or the like placed on the roasting net 37 on the upper portion of the cylinder 3 in a combustion state. Other configurations are the same as those in the first embodiment, and description thereof will be omitted. In this embodiment, the low ash solid fuel is burned in the same manner as in the first embodiment, and in order to ignite, simply supplying electric power to the ceramic heater makes the operation of the combustion device simpler, A combustion apparatus suitable for baking is provided.

FIG. 15 is a perspective view showing still another embodiment of the ignition device according to the present invention, and FIG. 16 is a longitudinal sectional view of the combustion device with the ignition device shown in FIG. The combustion apparatus shown in FIG. 16 comprises the drum section of the first embodiment as the oven 5, which has a ceiling plate 5A, an opening 5C into which a pot or the like can be inserted, It consists of a low ash solid fuel inlet (5B). In addition, an end portion in which the combustion device is installed is formed in the inside of the oven 5, an exhaust gas chimney 7 is installed at an upper end of the oven 5, and a pot is formed in the opening 5C. This spans. In the lower part of the combustion apparatus, a ceramic heater is provided as the ignition device 12, and the ignition device is provided with an electrode portion 13 'as shown in FIG. The low ash solid fuel is filled in the combustion chamber 4 formed by the cylinder 3 which becomes narrower toward the lower side, and is located on the ignition apparatus 12 above. The solid fuel is combusted by supplying a current to the ignition device 12 of the ceramic heater through the electrode portion 13 '. As shown in FIG. 16, an air suction gap 36 is provided between the support plate 2 having the ignition device 12 and the cylinder 3, and the fuel inlet (side) of the furnace 5 is provided. 5B) is installed to open and close freely.

17 is a perspective view showing the main part of the combustion apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention, wherein the first embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that the protective support cone 15 'protrudes upward from the inside of the cylindrical body 3; It is only provided in the center part of the support plate 2, and the other structure is the same as that of 1st Embodiment.

FIG. 18 is a longitudinal sectional view of a combustion apparatus according to another embodiment, which differs from the first embodiment in that the ignition device 12 is provided on a protective support cone 15 'as shown in FIG. Is the point. As shown in FIG. 18, each ignition device 12 is provided on the conical surface of the cone 15 'protruding upward from the support plate 2 in the cylindrical body 3, and on this ignition device 12. As shown in FIG. The electrode portion 13 for supplying the current is drawn out from the lower portion of the cone 15 '. Since other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment, description thereof will be omitted.

FIG. 9 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a combustion apparatus or another embodiment of the present invention, wherein the characteristic configuration is a conical shape of the metal plate 15 shown in FIG. Installed in the

FIG. 20 is a plan view showing the structure of the backing plate 2 according to another embodiment in the combustion apparatus, which is different from the embodiment shown in FIGS. 9 and 10 and protrudes upward in the cylindrical body 3. The cone for protecting support 15 'is provided at the center of the base plate 2. Since other configurations are the same as those of FIGS. 9 and 10, description thereof will be omitted.

In the embodiments of FIGS. 17 to 20, by providing the cone 15 ', the circulation of the airflow during combustion can be improved. In addition, since some ash remaining on the protective support cone falls along the surface of the cone, when the bottom of the combustion chamber is made of a flat support plate or a metal plate, it is possible to prevent the fuel from occasionally falling in the center of the support plate. Accordingly, the combustion efficiency is further improved.

As described above, in the present invention, the low ash solid fuel in which cracking occurs during combustion is supported directly on a support plate having no aeration slit or through a protective support cone, and surrounded by a low ash solid fuel on the support plate. Since the air suction gap is formed between the lower end of the cylindrical body and the support plate (or the protective support cone) to form a, it is possible to completely burn the solid fuel in the state of removing the roster. Solid fuels, such as conventional coke, can be efficiently burned as they are without being subjected to a series of operations such as suppressing fine powdering or reforming to prevent scattering during combustion. have. That is, according to the present invention, it is possible to prevent air pollution due to the generation of harmful gases and ashes, and to use inexpensive solid fuel as it is. In addition, there is no need to invent and manufacture the roaster to have various shapes and structures according to the use, and there is no increase in manufacturing cost.

In the combustion apparatus of the present invention, as described above, by providing a protective support cone, solid fuel flows down to the center portion of the support plate during combustion, even though some remaining ashes slide down the cone, even though some residual ashes slide down the cone. Since it does not prevent, combustion efficiency will increase remarkably.

Claims (10)

A support plate for supporting low ash solid fuel without any grooves or slits, a cylinder installed on the support plate to form a combustion chamber, an air suction gap formed between the lower end of the cylinder and the support plate, and at the center of the support plate. Low ash solid fuel combustion device, characterized in that consisting of a protective support cone protruding into the interior of the cylinder. The low ash solid fuel combustion apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the cone is provided at regular intervals from the inner peripheral edge of the cylinder. The low ash solid fuel combustion apparatus according to claim 1, wherein an exhaust port of the exhaust gas having a volume proportional to the intake air amount is provided. 2. The low ash solid fuel combustion apparatus according to claim 1, wherein an ignition device is installed on a support plate or a protective support cone. The low ash solid fuel combustion apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the combustion chamber formed by the cylinder has a shape that gradually narrows downward. A large support plate for supporting low ash solid fuel without any grooves or slits, and a plurality of cylinders which are installed adjacent to or adjacent to each other on a large support plate to form a combustion chamber, and for air suction to intake air Low ash solid fuel combustion apparatus comprising a gap portion, each of the cylinders includes a protective support cone protruding from the inside of the cylinder on the support plate, the entire cylinder portion is connected to a drum portion thereon; . 7. The low ash solid fuel combustion apparatus according to claim 6, wherein a predetermined slight gap is formed between the lower end of the inner circumference of each cylinder and the lower end of the protective support cone. 7. The low ash solid fuel combustion apparatus according to claim 6, wherein an exhaust port of the exhaust gas having a volume proportional to the intake air amount is provided. 7. The low ash solid fuel combustion apparatus according to claim 6, wherein an ignition device is provided on the support plate. 7. The low ash solid fuel combustion apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the combustion chamber formed by the cylinder has a shape that gradually narrows downward.

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