JP2015165179A - Combustor for pellet-shaped fuel - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a combustor for burning a woody pellet in a similarly easy handling manner, although the woody pellet is used as a heating fuel for exclusive use in a dedicated stove or boiler but not for the outdoor barbecue cooking stove, and although the outdoor barbecue cooking stove of the prior art frequently uses charcoal as the fuel, because the conventional cooking stove generates little smoke and is easy to handle the fire.SOLUTION: A woody pellet can be burned irrespective of its kind, and the combustible gas, which is produced by an incomplete combustion of the woody pellet, is stored in a sealed chamber, so that the combustible gas produced by the incomplete combustion of the woody pellet is burned at a high temperature thereby to reduce a CO concentration, so that the woody pellet can be safely utilized as a fuel.

Description

  The present invention relates to a pellet fuel combustion apparatus that can easily use direct fire instead of charcoal and can also be used as a heating appliance by efficiently burning pellet fuel instead of charcoal.

JP 2011-242109 A JP 2009-19846 A JP 2009-115333 A

  Patent Document 1 is a structure in which solid fuel is burned on a rooster that has inclined portions formed by arranging plate-like members in a staircase, and air is sucked from the suction port by the rise of the combustion flame in the combustion cylinder. However, the structure of the rooster and air intake is complicated and difficult to manufacture. Further, since the fuel supply device is not sealed, there are structural problems such as a backfire phenomenon and a toxic combustible gas due to incomplete combustion being exhausted from the fuel input port.

  Patent Document 2 discloses a solid fuel container that contains plant-derived solid fuel and has a breathable fuel holding member at the lower end, and a first combustion chamber that is provided at the lower portion of the solid fuel container and communicates with the first combustion chamber. It has two combustion chambers and an exhaust device, and the solid fuel storage body is provided with an outside air inlet. Since the cooking section is above the second combustion chamber, the structure is complicated because an exhaust device is required, and the flame is not directly visible.

  In Patent Document 3, a pellet supply pipe is connected to a pellet tank, and the opening between the lower combustion chamber into which the pellet supply pipe is inserted and the upper surface of the pellet supply pipe are not fixed by welding or the like from the tip to the vicinity of the center. Insert with a gap. In order to prevent similar burning to the pellet tank, a lever is provided and the structure is complicated.

  Pellet fuel (wood pellets, etc.) is currently only used for heating and other dedicated stoves and boilers, and has never been used in outdoor barbecue stoves. Pelletized fuel is produced in various parts of Japan, but its use is limited by the above-mentioned equipment, and it is in an oversupply state, so new applications and expansion of consumers are expected. It is rare.

  The present invention is not only used for leisure as an outdoor barbecue stove, but also in an emergency such as a disaster, for example, it can be cooked using timber of a collapsed building, etc. It is assumed to be used as a safe disaster prevention product.

  In other words, the present invention enables the use of pelletized fuel, wood biomass in general, such as firewood, wood chips, and building waste, as fuel, compared to other stoves or stoves that use conventional fuels such as charcoal and oil. It is intended to provide a pelletized fuel combustion apparatus that can be cooked with wood that is easily available and that can be easily heated and can be warm.

  Wood pellets contain sulfur, nitrogen, chlorine, arsenic, and moisture. It takes time to ignite, and even if ignited, weak combustion (incomplete combustion) causes harmful effects to the exhausted gas. Since CO is contained, it was a problem that it was difficult to handle as fuel.

  Furthermore, in order to solve the problems of smoke generation and flame adjustment due to direct fire, the application of the known rocket stove principle, and as a result of repeated research, it is difficult to emit smoke by configuring a unique combustion structure in the intake and exhaust passage Achieves high combustion efficiency and stable flame retention.

  In addition, it does not require any power, and enables stable sustained combustion through automatic filling of fuel by natural fall and natural ventilation. There is no outdoor barbecue stove where you can enjoy cooking and warming while looking at the beautifully flaming flames.

  In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides claims 1-10.

  The invention of claim 1 has the following features.

  A grate formed by abutting an iron net and a steel plate in an L shape is placed on the upper surface of the mixing chamber, and fuel is held on the upper surface of the grate and burned, and burned from the gap of the grate. The fuel pieces burnt down are dropped on the floor of the mixing chamber and burned until they are burned out, and the air and combustible gas passing through the mixing chamber are moved below the grate (the upper surface of the mixing chamber) and the mixing chamber. The combustion chamber is heated from both sides of the floor, keeping the mixing chamber at a high temperature, and preheating the mixture of the preheated intake air and combustible gas from the first exhaust port connected to the chimney through the mixing chamber. In addition, it has a structure that allows natural ventilation to pass through the gap between the vertical inner wall of the one-sided steel pipe and the tip of the grate and to guide the natural convection heat transfer layer, and the air taken in from the intake port To pass in one direction to the chimney Increase the flow rate.

The invention of claim 2 has the following features.

  By closing the fuel inlet with a movable lid, the chamber not only supplies fuel to the grate, but also combustible gases such as H2, CO, CH4, and hydrocarbons generated by fuel combustion. It stays and supplies this combustible gas to the gas inlet where the chamber and the chimney are connected. Further, the combustible gas is caused to flow downward to the mixing chamber through the gap of the grate metal mesh. Since this combustible gas contains CO, it is harmful. Therefore, the combustible gas is retained in a chamber sealed with a lid, and the safety is improved by completely burning without exhausting outside. The chamber is intended to be filled with fuel and combustible gas, to increase the thermal insulation of the adjacent surface with the chimney, and to enhance the secondary combustion and chimney effect in the chimney. By increasing the temperature in the chamber, the fuel is dried to improve ignitability, and the fuel is steamed and thermally decomposed to generate combustible gas. It is a structure that automatically fills the grate by spontaneously dropping the burned pellets. The mixture of flammable gas that has flowed down to the mixing chamber through the gaps in the lattice and the air supplied from the intake port is preheated in the mixing chamber to a high temperature and ventilated from the first exhaust port to the chimney. To do.

  The invention of claim 3 has the following features.

  The grate protruding to the chimney serves as a tray for the fuel that naturally falls from the gas inlet where the chamber and the chimney are connected, and forms a substantially triangular combustion part (hereinafter referred to as a triangular combustion part). The triangular combustion part has a shape that projects the tip of the triangular combustion part toward the L-shaped combustion route (natural convection heat transfer layer), and this acts as a resistance to further amplify the turbulence. This turbulent air flow is combustible gas stored in the chamber supplied from the gas inlet where the chamber and the chimney are connected to the triangular combustion section, and preheated in the mixing chamber and heated to a high temperature. Combustion efficiency is enhanced by stirring and mixing the combustible gas that has flowed down to the mixing chamber through the grate mesh of the grate and the air-fuel mixture supplied from the intake port. In addition, this triangular combustion part becomes a resistance and the flow velocity inside the chimney becomes slower than the outside, so that the fast air flow outside increases the pressure relatively and exerts the effect of keeping the flame inside, Is intended to promote secondary combustion. This difference in flow velocity also serves as a path for supplying air from the outside to the inside, where a flame rises inside, but on the outside, only two layers of exhaust flow are formed. Promotes secondary combustion and enables exhaust with less smoke.

The invention of claim 4 has the following characteristics.

  The continuity of the combustion cycle is ensured by making the cross-sectional area of the intake port smaller than the cross-sectional area of the exhaust port. Specifically, the composition ratio of the intake and exhaust passages is set so that the cross-sectional area of the intake port ≦ the cross-sectional area of the first exhaust port ≦ the cross-sectional area of the second exhaust port. With this configuration, the air flow rate in the mixing chamber is increased, the pressure loss due to thermal expansion is reduced, and the wind flow is increased. By moving the grate, it is possible to adjust the amount of fuel that naturally falls from the gas inlet where the chamber and the chimney are connected, and the strength and size of the flame that burns. Further, the grate is detachable, and by removing the grate, it becomes possible to throw long wood.

  The invention of claim 5 has the following features.

  The chamber lid and grate are removable. By making the lid and grate detachable and sealing the chamber inlet with the removed lid, long fuel such as wood can be introduced from the fuel inlet, and the inlet becomes the inlet. It becomes possible to use wood biomass that is close to us, such as firewood and building waste other than wood pellets, as fuel.

  The invention of claim 6 has the following features.

  The structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising a substantially U-shaped member serving as a handle and five virtues in the vicinity of the second exhaust port of the chimney top, thereby burning flames ( It can be used as a barbecue stove that can heat cooking utensils by direct fire).

  The invention of claim 7 has the following features.

  An opening is provided below the front of the one square steel pipe, an opening is provided on the front and back of the other square steel pipe, the one square steel pipe and the other square steel pipe are joined, and a hole is provided on the front of the other square steel pipe, Bolts are passed through slits of the grate formed by forming an iron net and / or a steel plate with a slit at the center and / or an iron plate into an L shape, and this grate is screwed into the threaded part of the grate. Is suspended from the chimney and the fuel input chamber, and a shaft provided at the other corner of the lid made of a steel plate is engaged with a bearing provided on the other square steel pipe.

The invention of claim 8 has the following features.
The bottom surface of the one and the other square steel pipe is configured to open, so that weight reduction and cost reduction can be achieved.

The invention of claim 9 has the following features.
On the other hand, a chimney mounting tube is formed on the back surface of the outer wall of the square steel tube and the mounting hole on the inner surface, and a baffle plate provided below the inner surface of the chimney mounting tube protrudes toward the inner surface to ensure the combustion gas residence time In this configuration, the effect of secondary combustion can be achieved.

The invention of claim 10 has the following features.
The chamber and the chimney can be fitted with a heat exchange member made of a U-shaped groove, U-shaped metal, U-shaped ceramic, and U-shaped earth pipe, and this combustion device can be used as heat exchange equipment.

When a portion of the fuel loaded on the grate ignites near or in contact with the grate, air flows toward the second exhaust port provided at the top of the chimney due to the chimney effect. The fuel burns at the contact surface with the grate, and a combustion flame of the loaded fuel is generated at the contact surface of the grate. Since the chamber is sealed with a lid, there is little intake air and incomplete combustion occurs, which causes the fuel to be thermally decomposed and generate combustible gas. The combustion exhaust gas containing the combustible gas generated from the combustion flame is (1) from the gas inlet on the upper side of the grate after staying in the chamber, or (2) the first exhaust port on the lower side of the grate. Then, it flows into the triangular combustion section through two paths, and after combustion at the maximum temperature, it is exhausted to the outside through the chimney.
The small fuel burned on the surface of the grate falls from the grate mesh of the grate and continues to burn, heating the air passing through the mixing chamber from both the lower side of the grate and the floor surface, and the triangular combustion section Promotes higher temperatures. Note that the dropped fuel is burned away by the ventilation of the mixing chamber. The fuel that spontaneously falls from the gas inlet into the chimney forms a substantially triangular triangular combustion section in the chimney. When the fuel is burnt down, the triangular combustion portion is always formed by natural filling and fuel is automatically charged from the chamber to the primary combustion portion and from the gas inlet to the triangular combustion portion. With this cycle, the combustion is continued.

  A turbulent airflow that vortexes around the bottom end of the triangular combustion section is generated, increasing the air supply to the triangular combustion section. In the grate suspended at the upper part of the mixing chamber, combustible gas is generated by burning the mounted fuel. The combustible gas is filled in the chamber because the chamber is sealed by the lid. Due to the expansion pressure of the combustible gas and the difference between the temperature in the chamber and the temperature of the triangular combustion section, the combustible gas is sucked from the gas inlet communicating with the triangular combustion section to the triangular combustion section.

  In addition, the combustible gas flows out from the gap of the grate mesh to the lower side of the grate by the air flow of air flowing from the intake port toward the chimney, and is supplied from the intake port in the mixing chamber. While being mixed with air, the air is passed through the first exhaust port to the chimney and supplied to the triangular combustion section.

  The grate is suspended so as to define an opening provided between the one square steel pipe and the other square steel pipe. The upper side of the opening grate defined by the grate is referred to as a gas inlet, and the lower side of the opening grate defined by the grate is referred to as a first exhaust port. The mixing chamber is a space below the grate of the other square steel pipe and is connected to the chimney through the first exhaust port. The air supplied from the intake port to the mixing chamber rises at a right angle with the tip of the bottom of the triangular combustion section as a fulcrum through the grate. The air-fuel mixture containing the air taken in from the air intake and the combustible gas that has flowed down to the lower side of the grate is preheated through the mixing chamber and ventilated from the first air outlet to the chimney, so that the triangular combustion section It spreads out toward the hypotenuse. The air-fuel mixture is mixed with the combustible gas supplied from the gas inlet at the triangular combustion portion, thereby generating turbulent air flow and constituting an air flow that promotes good mixing. This structure improves the mixing performance of combustible gas and air, facilitates complete combustion, and ensures continuous natural combustion.

  Turbulent airflow that occurs at the bottom of the triangular combustion section makes the inner flow velocity slower. The airflow on the outside becomes relatively fast and there is a difference between the inside and the flow velocity. The difference in the air flow velocity is like a virtual wall due to the pressure difference, and the flame that burns in the chimney is pushed inward against the outside air, and the flame only burns inside (the one with the lower flow velocity). At the same time, the outer side (the one with the higher flow velocity) serves as a path for supplying air (oxygen) toward the inner side, and exhibits the function of promoting secondary combustion in the chimney. This structure produces an exhaust with little smoke and close to complete combustion. Moreover, since the hot airflow is not diffused by the combustion over the entire chimney and is kept at a high temperature, a greater buoyancy and ventilation are obtained by the density difference due to the temperature difference from the outside air. The flame that burns thinly inside the chimney is the proof and is the greatest feature of the present invention.

  The slope of the hypotenuse of the triangular combustion section expands the combustion area up to approximately twice. This is a structure that secures the exhaust amount approximately twice as large as the intake amount, reduces the pressure loss due to the thermal expansion of the air, doubles the updraft, and generates the wind force from the bottom upward. The heated air (exhaust) is exhausted toward the upper part of the chimney on the principle that the balloon rises, and the natural ventilation cycle rotates.

  Moreover, the structure which concentrates and burns combustible gas to a triangular combustion part burns at a temperature higher than normal natural combustion (300 degreeC-500 degreeC), and reaches 600 degreeC or more. High-temperature combustion of combustible gas in the triangular combustion section reduces the air density at a stretch and creates a large buoyancy. In other words, an elongated hot air balloon rises up the chimney, and a mass of hot air acts like a piston in the cylinder, creating negative pressure and sucking air from the air intake. By setting the opening area of the intake port to be always smaller than that of the second exhaust port, the speed of the air flowing through the mixing chamber is increased. This is a natural ventilation that creates a fast air flow and realizes the state of “always burning the fire with a prickly pear”. By always supplying fresh air, there is a characteristic that combustion is stable and continued. . It is the present invention that this structure is a simple structure conforming to the “Boyle-Charles law”.

  The grate can be moved. When moved upward, the sectional area of the intake port is enlarged and the sectional area of the gas inlet is reduced. That is, the amount of fuel that naturally falls from the gas inlet is reduced, and the triangular combustion portion is reduced. And since the flow velocity of the air of a mixing chamber is made slow, a flame can be made small. Conversely, when moved downward, the sectional area of the intake port is reduced and the sectional area of the gas inlet is increased. Increase the amount of fuel that naturally falls from the gas inlet and expand the triangular combustion section. And since the flow velocity of the air of a mixing chamber is made quick, a flame can be enlarged.

  When the cross-sectional area of the mixing chamber is larger than the opening area of the intake port, the pressure is dispersed and the air velocity is reduced (Boil's law).

  With this grate movable structure, it is possible to achieve optimum combustion regardless of the nature and type of pellet fuel, and to adjust the flame characteristics of the pellet fuel to the external environment such as outside temperature and humidity. It has become possible and has the requirement as a cooking stove that can realize optimal combustion.

  The grate and the lid have a detachable structure, and this structure can use either pellet fuel or wood such as firewood.

  Since the inside of the chimney is kept at a high temperature by the secondary combustion described above, the exhaust is released at a high temperature, and the barbecue meat and the like can be baked at high speed and uniformly. Equipped with the above-mentioned configuration, and by providing virtues at the second exhaust port, combustible gas and fuel are completely burned, and there is little smoke and it is an open fire, but it is about the same as a conventional combustion device using charcoal as fuel An outdoor barbecue stove with ease of handling can be provided.

  The gist of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

  A lid 22 is provided above the chamber 2 for loading and storing the fuel 21, and a mesh-like grate 3 for supporting the loaded fuel 21 is provided below the chamber 2, so that one of the square steel pipe 7 and the other square steel pipe 8 are provided. Provided in a floating state from the floor surface portion F, an air inlet 9 for taking in outside air is provided in the floor surface portion F of the other square steel pipe 8, and air taken in from the air inlet 9 is supplied to the chimney 5 below the grate 3. A mixing chamber 4 is provided, a chimney 5 connected to the mixing chamber 4, a first exhaust port 63 communicating from the mixing chamber 4 to the chimney 5 (combustion chamber 4-1), and a second exhaust port above the chimney 5. 10 is provided.

  The grate 3 is configured in a mesh shape having a plurality of gaps 37 penetrating the grate 3 in the vertical direction, and the intervals between the plurality of gaps 37 are determined by the fuel 21 on the grate 3. Are arranged in parallel with each other so that they do not fall in large quantities into the mixing chamber 4 below the grate 3 through the gap 37 of the wire mesh 35, and the upper and lower sides of the grate 3 are vented through the gap 37. Thus, a configuration is adopted in which the interval between the fuel cells 21 on the grate 3 is set to be a parallel interval that continues the combustion. When the grate 3 is moved downward, the surface above the air inlet of the grate 3 (front side of the grate) is made from a steel plate so as not to inhale through the gap 37 of the wire mesh 35 of the grate 3. The front panel 36 is provided and closed, or (2) the grate does not descend from the intake port. In the drawing, 300 indicates a gap between the vertical outer wall inner surface 72 of the one-sided steel pipe 7 and the tip of the grate 3.

  The grate is not limited to a wire mesh, for example, and a porous plate made of punching metal or the like may be used. The air supplied from the intake port 9 into the mixing chamber 4 is supplied to the fuel 21 on the grate 3 as combustion air, and (1) enters the mixing chamber 4 through the gap 37 together with the combustible gas. It flows down and flows from the first exhaust port 63 communicating with the mixing chamber 4 and the chimney 5 to the chimney 5 (combustion chamber 4-1) or (2) generated by the combustion of the loaded fuel 21 on the grate 3 Along with the smoke and the combustible gas, the gas flows into the chimney 5 from the gas inlet 6 where the chamber 2 and the chimney 5 (combustion chamber 4-1) communicate with each other.

  On the other hand, the fuel 21 undergoes primary combustion at the contact surface of the upper grate 3 of the square steel pipe 8 side (primary combustion section 41). On the other hand, on the contact surface of the grate 3 on the upper side of the grate 3 on the square steel pipe 7 side, a triangular combustion part 12 is formed, and the combustible gas and air are mixed and stirred above the triangular combustion part 12. Next combustion is performed (secondary combustion section 51).

  The mixing chamber 4 is heated to a high temperature by heat convection flowing inside, and the air heated to the high temperature and the combustible gas that has flowed down to the mixing chamber 4 through the gap 37 rise in the chimney 5. At this time, the air-fuel mixture of the combustible gas and the air taken in from the intake port 9 rising in the chimney 5 forms a natural convection heat transfer layer 52.

  The combustible gas retained in the chamber 2 supplied from the gas inlet 6 where the chamber 2 and the chimney 5 communicate with each other, and the air-fuel mixture rising in the chimney 5 and the combustible gas are mixed in the triangular combustion section 12. Is mixed by stirring and secondary combustion (secondary combustion section 51). Utilizing the heat released from the secondary combustion to the outside, the virtues 11 are provided in the vicinity of the second exhaust port 10 to constitute a barbecue stove that allows cooking above the second exhaust port 10. Can do.

Right side perspective view showing the whole of the present invention Assembly schematic diagram of the present invention Front view of the present invention The schematic diagram by A-A 'sectional drawing which shows the mode of combustion of this invention of this invention The schematic diagram by A-A 'sectional drawing which shows the mode of ignition of this invention of this invention The figure which showed the triangular combustion part of this invention Bottom view of the present invention The figure which looked at the state where the fuel was loaded from the bottom view of the present invention Plan view of the present invention The figure which showed the mode of combustion in the triangular combustion part which planarly viewed this invention B-B 'sectional view of the present invention The figure which showed the mode of combustion which looked at the present invention from the front Schematic diagram showing a second embodiment of the present invention, in which a grate is removed, a soot is inserted, and the air inlet is blocked using a lid. Rear view of the present invention Left side view of the present invention Right side view of the present invention Schematic diagram illustrating the combustion structure of the present invention Schematic comparing the conventional combustion structure and the combustion structure of the present invention (1) Conventional rocket stove combustion structure (2) When using pellet fuel in the conventional rocket stove combustion structure (3) Invention combustion structure 4 is an enlarged perspective view of the left side surface of the other embodiment of FIG. The left side expansion perspective view showing other use conditions (use as heat exchange equipment) of the other example of Drawing 4 of the present invention. 4 is a rear view of the other embodiment of FIG. 4 according to the present invention. 4 is a top view of the other embodiment of FIG. 4 of the present invention. 4 is a bottom view of the other embodiment of FIG. 4 according to the present invention. Side sectional enlarged sectional view showing an example of the lower end of the chamber and chimney of the present invention The enlarged side schematic diagram of the partial defect which showed an example which provides a straight pipe in the chimney of this invention via an elbow pipe (shrimp pipe), and showed the flow of combustion gas Conceptual diagram of the partial defect in Fig. 22-1 The enlarged side schematic diagram of the partial defect which showed an example which provides a straight pipe through an elbow pipe in the chimney of the present invention, and showed the flow of combustion gas and outside air Conceptual diagram of a partial defect showing an example of the usage state of FIG. In the other embodiment of FIG. 4 of the present invention, an enlarged perspective view of the left side is an example in which the lid has a notch. In the other embodiment of FIG. 4 of the present invention, it is an example in which the lid has a notch, and is an enlarged perspective view on the left side using wood as fuel. In the other embodiment of FIG. 4 of the present invention, it is an example in which the lid has a notch, and is an enlarged perspective view on the left side using long wood as fuel.

  Hereinafter, a barbecue stove having a structure of a pellet fuel combustion apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an external configuration of a pellet fuel combustion apparatus main body 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, the pellet fuel combustion apparatus main body 1 includes a chamber 2 for storing fuel 21 (wood pellets, wood, etc.), a grate 3 for loading and burning the fuel 21, and a grate 3 The mixing chamber 4 provided below, the chimney 5 connected to the mixing chamber 4, the first exhaust port 63 communicating with the mixing chamber 4 and the chimney 5, the fuel 21 and the combustible gas into the triangular combustion section 12 And a gas inlet 6 for guiding to the outside. By having the knob 23 provided below the one corner 221 of the lid 22, the fuel inlet 24 at the top of the chamber 2 is opened by rotating approximately 270 degrees counterclockwise via the rotating mechanism 25, From there, the fuel 21 is introduced. When the fuel 21 is introduced, the lid 22 is closed and sealed in reverse order. The rotation mechanism 25 includes a shaft 251, a nut 252, and a nut 253. The shaft 251 is erected on the lower surface of the other corner 222 that is diagonal to the one corner of the lid 22, and the nut 252 and the nut 253 are attached to the left side surface 83 of the other square steel pipe 8. By passing 251, the shaft 251 can be rotated.

  FIG. 2 is an assembly schematic diagram of the present invention. The pellet-shaped fuel combustion apparatus main body 1 includes an opening 61 provided below the front surface 71 of the one-sided square steel pipe 7 and an opening 62 provided below the back surface 82 of the other-side square steel pipe 8. 8, a gas inlet 6 configured by abutting 8, an inlet 9 provided below the front surface 81 of the other square steel pipe 8, a grate 3, and the other square steel pipe 8 delimited by the grate 3. The first exhaust port 63 that communicates the mixing chamber 4 and the chimney 5 with the mixing chamber 4.

  In the grate 3, the bolt 31 is passed through the hole 33 and the slit 34 and screwed by the nut 32 inside the other square steel pipe 8, and the bolt 31 is loosened and inserted into the hole 33 or the hole X or the slit 34. Can change the height from the floor F.

FIG. 3 is a front view of the present invention.

  FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line A-A ′ showing the combustion state of the present invention. On the other hand, the square steel pipe 8 is divided into a primary combustion part 41 on the upper side of the grate 3 and a mixing chamber 4 on the lower side of the grate 3. The bottom surface 43 (the bottom surface of the one square steel pipe 7 and the bottom surface of the other square steel pipe 8) where the mixing chamber 4 and the chimney 5 are in contact with the ground is open, so that the pellet pieces 2100 and the ash 2101 can be easily processed. ing.

  FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an A-A ′ sectional view showing the ignition state of the present invention. The crater A1 of the gas burner A is inserted from the intake port 9, and the fuel 21 loaded on the grate 3 is covered evenly below the grate 3 including the triangular combustion part 12. At this time, incompletely combusted white smoke accumulates from the second exhaust port 10, but by continuing to blow, the combustion of the fuel 21 is promoted, and within a few minutes, the combustion shifts to complete combustion and no smoke is emitted.

  FIG. 6 illustrates a triangular combustion section. There is a relationship of X = a + b = c + d. The triangular combustion part 12 refers to a triangle expressed by base d × height a / 2. a is the height of the gas inlet 6, b is the height from the floor surface F of the grate 3, c is the thickness of the natural convection heat transfer layer in the vertical direction of the chimney, d is the fuel 21 that has fallen naturally from the gas inlet , E indicates the hypotenuse.

  FIG. 7 is a bottom view of the present invention as seen from the bottom. The burned fuel 21 falls from the gap 37 to the floor surface F.

  FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the fuel 21 introduced into the present invention as seen from the bottom.

FIG. 9 is a plan view of the present invention as seen from above.

  FIG. 10 is a schematic view showing the present invention in plan view, showing how the flame 200 burns. The flame 200 burns on the upper side of the triangular combustion part 12, but does not burn on the outer side of the triangular combustion part 12.

  FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view along B-B ′. The relationship between the gas inlet 6, the grate 3, and the first exhaust port 63 is shown.

  FIG. 12 is a schematic view of the present invention, showing how the flame 200 burns. The flame rises to the 5th virtue. The fuel 21 loaded on the grate 3 burns in the primary combustion section 41, and the pellet pieces 2100 of the fuel 21 burned down by the combustion collapse into the mixing chamber 4 through the gaps 37 of the grate, and ash on the floor F It becomes 2101 and burns out. By placing the cooking tool Z on the virtues 11, cooking can be done with direct fire.

  FIG. 13 is a view showing a state (second embodiment) in which the grate 3 and the lid 22 are removed and the air inlet 9 is closed with the lid 22. The grate 3 can be removed by removing the bolt 31 and the nut 32. By removing the grate 3 and the lid 22, a long wood W such as firewood or building waste can be put into the chamber 2. By closing the intake port 9 with the lid 22 that has been removed, the inflow of air forms a route from the fuel input port 24 through the mixing chamber 4 to the second exhaust port 10.

  FIG. 14 is a rear view of the present invention.

  FIG. 15 is a left side view of the present invention.

  FIG. 16 is a right side view of the present invention.

  FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram illustrating the combustion structure of the present invention.

  FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram comparing a conventional combustion structure and the combustion structure of the present invention. (1) Combustion structure of a conventional rocket stove, (2) When pellet fuel is used in the combustion structure of a conventional rocket stove, (3) The combustion structure of the present invention was compared.

  FIG. 19A is a left side enlarged perspective view of another embodiment of FIG. 4 according to the present invention. 19-2 is a left side enlarged perspective view showing another use state (use as heat exchange equipment) of the other embodiment of FIG. 4 of the present invention. 20-1 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of an essential part of the upper surface of another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 20-2 is a bottom view of FIG. 20-1 of the present invention.

With reference to FIG. 4, which is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA ′ showing the state of combustion according to the present invention, the main part of FIGS. 19-1 to 23-3 explaining the relationship between another embodiment and a conventional chimney. Will be explained. On the other hand, the square steel pipe 8 is divided into a primary combustion part 41 on the upper side of the grate 3 and a mixing chamber 4 on the lower side of the grate 3. The bottom surface 43 (the bottom surface of the one square steel pipe 7 and the bottom surface of the other square steel pipe 8) where the mixing chamber 4 and the chimney 5 are in contact with the ground is open, so that the pellet pieces 2100 and the ash 2101 can be easily processed. ing.
FIGS. 19-1 to 23-3 are other embodiments of FIG. 4, and the other square steel pipe 8 (chamber 2) has a short length (a short pipe having a rising length of approximately 1/2). Although not shown, the grate 3 and the gas inlet 6 are provided as in the structure of FIG.
20-1 and 20-2, a chimney mounting pipe 73 is formed in the mounting hole 700 on the outer wall of the one-sided square steel pipe 7, and a baffle plate 701 provided below the inner surface 72 of the chimney mounting pipe 73 has an inner surface 72. A configuration protruding in the direction is disclosed. Thereby, the residence time of the secondary combustion gas in the secondary combustion part 51 in the one square steel pipe 7 is ensured, and complete combustion is aimed at. Thereby, harmless combustion gas can be sent to the chimney 5. The elbow pipe 15a is inserted into and supported by the chimney mounting pipe 73, and the straight pipe 15b is inserted into and supported by the elbow pipe 15a, whereby the conventional chimney 15 is configured. FIG. 19-2 is an example in which the chamber 2 and the chimney 5 are fitted with heat exchange members 16 made of U-shaped grooves, U-shaped metal, U-shaped ceramics, U-shaped earthen pipes. Use as heat exchange equipment. Especially for emergency or outdoor events.

  FIG. 21 is an enlarged sectional view in side view showing an example of the chamber and the lower end of the chimney according to the present invention. FIG. 21 shows a configuration in which the grate 3 can be moved up and down in a state where the grate 3 is mounted on the opening of the other square steel pipe 8 and the opening of the one square steel pipe 7 of FIG. The enlarged state of the triangular combustion part 12 is shown (see FIGS. 1, 2, 4 and 18, etc.).

  FIG. 22-1 is an enlarged schematic side view of a partial defect showing an example in which a straight pipe is provided in the chimney of the present invention via an elbow pipe (shrimp pipe) and the flow of combustion gas is shown. FIG. 22-2 is a conceptual diagram of a partial defect of FIG. 22-1 for explaining the present invention. FIG. 22-3 is an enlarged side schematic view of a partial defect showing an example of providing a straight pipe through an elbow pipe in the chimney of the present invention and showing the flow of combustion gas and outside air. 22-4 is a conceptual diagram of a partial defect showing an example of the usage state of FIG. 22-1 for explaining the present invention.

In FIGS. 22-1 to 22-3 and the like, the operation of the elbow pipe 15a and the chimney mounting pipe 73 and / or the baffle plate 701 will be described. When the pipe 15b is erected and its opening is installed outdoors, as shown by the arrow in FIG. 22-1, the combustion gas f is secured by the baffle plate 701 in the detour route and in the chimney 5, so that the chimney 5 From the second exhaust port 10, the elbow pipe 15a is attracted to the straight pipe 15b (arrow f2 in FIG. 22-2) without flowing out into the room (arrow f1 in FIG. 22-2). Thereby, there is little discharge | emission of the combustion gas f indoors.
Further, FIG. 22-3 sucks outside air (including inside air) from the second exhaust port 10 (arrow f3 in FIG. 22-2), so that the conventional chimney of the combustion gas f from the second exhaust port 10 is obtained. Attracting to 15 can be secured. 22-4 shows a state in which a kettle is placed on the second exhaust port 10, the outside air is no longer sucked (sealed), and the combustion gas f is attracted toward the second exhaust port 10 (FIG. 22). -4 arrow f4). As a result, hot water is boiled, so it is useful.

FIG. 23A is an enlarged left side perspective view of an example in which the lid has a notch in the other embodiment of FIG. 19A for explaining the present invention. FIG. 23-2 is an example of a lid having a notch in the other embodiment of FIG. 19-1 illustrating the present invention, and is a left side enlarged perspective view using wood as fuel.
FIG. 23-3 is an example in which the lid has a cutout in the other embodiment of FIG. 19-1 described in the present invention, and is a left side enlarged perspective view using long wood as fuel.

  FIGS. 23A and 23B show an embodiment in which the lid 22 (notched) and the grate 3 are used in the short-pipe chimney 5, and the short-pipe fuel inlet of the chamber 1 is used. 24 is an example in which the cover 24 is covered with a lid 22, and refer to FIGS. 1, 2, 4, and 18. 23A corresponds to the wood pellet (pellet piece 2100), and corresponds to the wood W when the grate 3 of FIGS. 23-2 and 23-3 is removed.

    Although not shown, by forming a space provided with a spacer at the joint between the other square steel pipe 8 (chamber 2) and the one square steel pipe 7 (combustion chamber 4-1), the chamber 2 and the combustion chamber 4- It is also possible to achieve a cooling effect with 1.

  In addition, this invention is not limited to said Example. In other words, various embodiments and modifications can be made to the present invention without departing from the broad spirit and scope of the present invention.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Pellet-shaped fuel combustion apparatus main body 2 Chamber 21 Fuel 22 Lid 221 One corner 222 Other corner 23 Knob 24 Fuel inlet 25 Rotating mechanism 251 Shaft 252 Nut 253 Nut 254 Hole 255 Hole 3 Grate 31 Bolt 32 Nut 33 Hole 34 Slit 35 Wire mesh 36 Front panel 37 Clearance 300 Clearance 4 Mixing chamber 41 Primary combustion section 42 Ventilation path 43 Bottom 4-1 Combustion chamber 5 Chimney 51 Secondary combustion section 52 Natural convection heat transfer layer 6 Gas inlet 61 Opening 62 Opening 63 First One exhaust port 7 One square steel pipe 71 Front 72 Inner surface 73 Chimney mounting pipe 700 Mounting hole 701 Baffle plate 8 Other square steel pipe 81 Front 82 Rear 83 Left side 9 Inlet 10 Second exhaust 11 11 Vitality 12 Triangle combustion section 15 Conventional Chimney 15a Elbow pipe 15b Straight pipe 16 Heat exchange member 200 2100 Pellet pieces 2101 Ash A Gas burner A1 Tinder F Floor part W Wood Z Cooking tool a Height of gas inlet b Height of floor from floor g of crate Thickness of natural convection heating layer d Dropped from gas inlet Fuel spread e hypotenuse f combustion gas f1 to f4 arrow

Claims (10)

  The main body of the combustion apparatus includes a chimney, a chamber, a combustion chamber, and a mixing chamber. The chamber and the chimney communicate with each other through an opening, and combustible gas generated in the primary combustion and retained in the chamber is gasified. Combustible gas generated by primary combustion can be supplied to the mixing chamber from the grate provided at the lower part of the combustion apparatus body from the inlet to the mixing chamber, and the combustible gas and the intake port of the mixing chamber are sucked from the inlet. In order to preheat the air-fuel mixture and supply it to the combustion chamber from the first exhaust port, and to generate turbulence, the fuel placed on the grate is fed from the gas inlet to the chimney. The lower part of the air flow is the resistance of the air passage that rises in the triangular shape, and the flow velocity of the inner air flow rising up the chimney is slower than the flow velocity of the outer air flow. Vs. The air becomes relatively high, and air can be supplied into the chimney by holding the flame inward, and the air-fuel mixture and the combustible gas generated in the primary combustion and retained in the chamber by this turbulent air flow. A combustion apparatus for pelletized fuel, which is capable of mixing and agitating to promote secondary combustion in the chimney. The pelletized fuel combustion apparatus according to claim 1,
The chamber is provided with a movable and detachable lid so that hydrocarbons such as H2, CO, and CH4 generated by fuel combustion, incomplete combustion, or thermal decomposition at or near the contact surface with the grate The combustible gas containing any of the above is retained in the chamber, and / or the flow of the combustible gas is allowed to flow down to the mixing chamber through a gap in the grate metal mesh, and the combustible gas retained in the chamber is retained. Preheating a mixture of the combustible gas supplied to the chimney from the gas inlet and / or flowing down to the mixing chamber and the air sucked from the intake port in the mixing chamber; A combustion apparatus for pelletized fuel, characterized in that it is configured to ventilate the combustion chamber from an exhaust port. The pelletized fuel combustion apparatus according to claim 1,
The grate forms a triangular combustion section by extruding a fuel that spontaneously falls from the gas inlet where the chamber and the chimney are connected, in a triangular shape at the bottom of the chimney, and the tip of the triangular combustion section is Projecting from the first exhaust port toward the substantially L-shaped natural convection heat transfer layer inside the chimney, this triangular combustion part generates turbulence by air resistance, stays in the chamber and is supplied from the gas inlet A combustion apparatus for pelletized fuel, wherein the combustible gas and the mixture of the combustible gas flowing down to the mixing chamber and the air sucked into the mixing chamber are mixed and stirred. The pelletized fuel combustion apparatus according to claim 1,
The grate is movable and detachable, and the grate has a cross-sectional area of the intake port ≦ a cross-sectional area of the first exhaust port ≦ a cross-sectional area of the second exhaust port. apparatus. The pelletized fuel combustion apparatus according to claim 1,
A pellet fuel combustion apparatus in which the lid of the chamber and the grate are detachable, the air inlet of the chamber can be sealed, and a long wood fuel can be introduced. The pelletized fuel combustion apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
A pellet fuel combustion apparatus in which a substantially U-shaped member, which is a handle and five virtues, is provided in the vicinity of the second exhaust port so that a cooking utensil can be placed thereon. The pelletized fuel combustion apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
An opening is provided below the front face of the one-sided square steel pipe of the chimney, openings are provided on the front side and the rear side of the other square-shaped steel pipe of the chamber, the one-sided square steel pipe and the other square-shaped steel pipe are joined, and the front side of the other square-shaped steel pipe A hole and a slit are provided, and the L-shaped grate can be removed and moved up and down with a bolt that can be screwed into and removed from the hole and moved to the slit, and the L-shaped grate can be moved up and down. A combustion apparatus for pelletized fuel in which a shaft provided at the other corner of the lid is engaged with a bearing provided at the other square steel pipe. The pelletized fuel combustion apparatus according to claim 1,
A pellet fuel combustion apparatus in which the bottom surfaces of the one and other square steel pipes are opened. The pelletized fuel combustion apparatus according to claim 8,
Combustion of pellet-shaped fuel in which a chimney mounting pipe is formed in the back surface of the outer wall and the inner surface of the one-sided steel pipe, and a baffle plate provided below the inner surface of the chimney mounting pipe protrudes toward the inner surface. apparatus. The pelletized fuel combustion apparatus according to claim 1,
A combustion apparatus for pelletized fuel in which the chamber and the chimney can be fitted with a heat exchange member made of a U-shaped groove, U-shaped metal, U-shaped ceramic, and U-shaped earth pipe.