JPS59100302A - Low ash content solid fuel burning equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To enhance the utilization efficiency of low ash content solid fuel and minimize the residue of unburnt matter by a structure wherein a suction gap is formed between the edge of the lower end of a tubular body and a flat plate and yet a conical holder is arranged at the center of the lower end in an equipment consisting of the flat plate with no vent slit and the tubular body, which forms a combustion chamber by being placed and supported on the flat plate. CONSTITUTION:An ignition spill 11 is fed between a conical holder 1 and the inside surface of a tubular body and ignited. After making sure the firing of the ignition spill 11, low ash content solid fuel A is fed through a fuel feeding port 6. The low ash content solid fuel A is raised its temperature by the combustion of the ignition spill 11 until the volatiles content is emerged from the solid due to the thermal decomposition of the solid fuel A in order to burn within a combustion chamber 4. After the atmospheric temperature within the combustion chamber 4 rises and reaches a predetermined temperature, the low ash content solid fuel A is reached its temperature up to its ignition point, resulting in starting the combustion. When the whole piled-up solid turns to red hot and puts into high temperature combustion due to radiation heat, cracks develop in the solid fuel so as to pulverize and radiate luminous flame. The pulverized low ash content solid fuel is also stagnated within the combustion chamber by being supported between the slope of the conical holder 1 protrudingly arranged onto the flat plate- like supporting plate 2 with no vent slit and the slope of the tubular body and continues the combustion due to the radiation heat, insulation effectiveness, and suction effect from surroundings.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Technical Field The present invention relates to a combustion device that easily and efficiently burns a low-ash solid fuel.

Prior art: The present invention was originally filed by the applicant on November 1, 1982.
This relates to the improvement of the second patent application invention.

Kyuumei Technique 11h〉; Kyoj'1: There are various fuels used for various purposes, such as coal 1, Cf oil, and natural gas.
Each has advantages and disadvantages.

In other words, since coal is a plain wood solid, there is no need to use any special containers when transporting or storing it, and while it has the advantage of being easy to handle, it also has a low space-occupancy factor, making it difficult to transport, store, etc. Not only does it require a large amount of space, but a large amount of ash is generated during combustion, causing pollution due to dust entering the sealed air, and waste ash remaining in the combustion equipment. There are disadvantages such as difficulty in processing 5R. Furthermore, since coal is solid and does not have much volatile components, it not only takes a long time to ignite, but it also has disadvantages such as burning out if the amount of coal or the type of fire put into the combustion device is small.

On the other hand, petroleum, natural gas, etc. produce less ash when burned, and there is almost no dust mixed into the exhaust gas, so there is little risk of contaminating fire, etc., and moreover, they contain a lot of volatile components.
Not only is it extremely easy to ignite, but it also has the advantage of reducing the amount of oil, natural gas, etc. supplied to the combustion components. Because they are either liquids or 6 bottles, special containers are required for transportation and storage, and oil, natural gas, etc. have low flash points, so there is a risk of accidents such as fires and explosions. It has drawbacks such as being extremely expensive and requiring extreme caution when using it.

Also, in terms of cost, it is more expensive than solid fuels such as oil and natural gas, or coal and coke.
In particular, factories, greenhouses, winter heating in cold regions, etc. that consume large amounts of fuel are forced to incur unreasonable expenses.

Therefore, among these; , coal, etc. were widely used for the shell.

Combustion means: However, when burning such solid fuels, a rosdol is provided in the firing chamber, consisting of a plurality of ventilation slits formed at a predetermined position in the center of a paulownia wood panel. For example, solid fuel is piled up thickly at a predetermined height, and in this state, it is ignited by an appropriate ignition means, and thereafter, the solid fuel is continuously combusted (Utility Model Publication No. 39-361
75, Utility Model Publication No. 40-23003, etc.).

Problem: However, the above-mentioned solid fuel requires heat retention and good fire resistance for its purpose, and if the ash content is less than 10%, it will not work properly.
Since it falls from between the rosdol, it has an ash content of π of 10% or more, and even when burned, it does not fall off the shelf and remains in its shape as ash, which has a heat-retaining effect. As a result, there is a large amount of ash left after combustion, which requires time and effort to dispose of, and the cost is also relatively high due to the necessity of selecting raw materials and molding.

Therefore, if solid fuels with a low ash content of 1λ are used for a period of time, not only will there be almost no risk of contaminating fire, etc., but it will also be possible to dispose of the ash remaining in the combustion GC. This means that almost all problems can be eliminated.

Conventionally, charcoal, lignite, coal pinna coke, petroleum coke, and calcaina coke have been known as low-ash solid fuels, and they are inexpensive and high in calories, but these low-ash solid fuels have a high sulfur content and are difficult to burn. Since it has a negative effect on metals, it has been used in combination with if coal, paying careful attention to how it is used as an industrial fuel, or in kilns for firing cement, where sulfur content is not a problem. In addition, as a fuel for general heating, it has an odor due to its nature, and due to its low ash content,
Contrary to solid fuel with an ash content of 8% or more, it is more likely to suffer from premature failure, and with an ash content of 8%, it leaves no solids and falls from the rosdol as it burns, causing cracks in the fuel due to its high-temperature combustion. The surface area becomes larger, the combustion speed is further increased, and the fuel becomes finer and falls through the ventilation slit of the Rosdol, the temperature of the heat dissipation drop decreases, combustion stops, and it becomes unburned residue and is wasted. Become. Therefore, not only does the efficiency of fuel use decrease, but also an unfortunate situation occurs in which the amount of solid fuel accumulated during combustion decreases and disappears, or fine particles that fall from the ventilation slit of the Rosdol during combustion occur. The extra work required to remove the accumulated fuel exposes the tube to various drawbacks. Moreover, since the coke is sprayed with water during the manufacturing process, drying and dehydration are difficult.
l,! During firing, the moisture content turns into steam due to the heat of the fire, which has the disadvantage of not being fully released and causing it to drip out of the mouth or tortoise.

<Purpose> The purpose of the present invention is to further improve the utilization efficiency of low-ash solid fuel, prevent the unfortunate situation of involuntary disappearance, and reduce the amount of waste left behind. .

Abstract: In order to achieve this purpose, solid fuel is supported on a flat plate without any ventilation slits (a cylinder is supported on this flat plate, surrounds the solid fuel, and forms a combustion chamber). A small intake gap is formed between the lower edge of the segment and the flat plate in proportion to the displacement, and a holding cone with a tapering shape at the center of the upper end is provided on the flat plate to hold the fuel in a mortar shape. I am planning to do so.

Therefore, even if the combustion temperature of the solid fuel rises and becomes high temperature, resulting in cranks and fields, the Wi-purified fuel will not become bulky, especially in the high temperature central part, and will not fall. Combustion is continued by an appropriate amount of air that is naturally sucked in through a narrow intake gap and along the slope of the conical cone that maintains heat, and the solid fuel is almost completely combusted, leaving only a small amount of ignited fuel. This makes it possible to reliably prevent waste caused by the falling of fuel and the disappearance of the fallen fuel itself.

Fuel: Here, we use a solid fuel with an ash content of (95% or more) as the 5th grade lower solid fuel.

For example, anthracite has an ash content of about 10%, coal coke has an ash content of about 10-14%, and the ash is not used because it is disposed of in a solid phase, such as ogalite, brown coal, etc. petroleum coke has an ash content of about 5% or less, and petroleum coke has an ash content of less than 1%, or is made of cheap lignite, petroleum coke, coal pitch coke, molded coke,
By using calcaina coke, charcoal, etc. as fuel, it is possible to overcome the difficulty of disposing of ash as waste.

Hereinafter, an example will be shown.
I see.

Fig. 1 is an exploded perspective view showing one embodiment of the ash content solid fuel combustion device of the present invention, and Fig. 2 is a central vertical sectional view of the same, which supports a low ash content solid fuel such as lignite or petroleum coke. The receiver is made of a flat plate (2), the receiver is a tsutsuki (3) that surrounds the low ash solid fuel (8) above the plate (2) and forms a waist combustion chamber (4), and the receiver is a board (2). The main feature of the present invention is a holding cone (1) protruding from the top, a trunk (5) connected to the upper end 11 of the tsutsugi (3), and a trunk (5) at the upper edge of the trunk (5). It consists of a low ash content solid fuel inlet (13) provided and a chimney (7) provided on the side wall near the upper end of the body (5).

Further, a goomba (7゛) may be provided in the chimney to appropriately regulate the t1 air volume. The holding cone (1) is not limited to the right circular bell 2 but is triangular fL! - May be a pyramid. The cylindrical body (3) can be of various shapes depending on the necessity of the installation path and design requests, such as circular, octagonal, hexagonal, pentagonal, square, triangular, pond, etc. It consists of drinking.

The receiving board (2) is mainly composed of a flat plate made of gold JIFG with a predetermined thickness, and a heat insulating material such as castable or heat insulating ridge tile is pasted on the upper surface to a predetermined thickness to form a heat insulating layer ( 21), and legs (22) (22) (22) of a predetermined length are vertically provided on the peripheral edge of the lower surface.
) is provided with a shutter (23) for dropping the low ash solid fuel (8).

The holding cone (1) is a solid body made of a heat insulating material similar to that described above, and is provided integrally with the shutter (23) as shown in FIGS. 2 and 8 and opens and closes together with the shutter (23). As shown in Figure 7, the receiver is configured to be fixed to the center of the board together with the heat insulating layer (21), or to be removably mounted, and the lower edge of the support and the m (3) It projects into the cylindrical body with an extremely narrow gap (11) between it and the lower end periphery.

Experimentally, it was found that the inclination of the generating line of the holding cone (1) was slightly steeper than 45 degrees, and the gap ([1) was approximately 5% of the diameter of the bottom surface.

The love tree (3) is mainly composed of a metal cylindrical body with a predetermined thickness, and a strong fireproof material with excellent heat insulation and heat retention ability is attached to the inner surface of the body to form a heat insulation layer (31). The inner surface of the heat insulating layer (31) is formed into a downwardly tapered shape,
Furthermore, a predetermined height of 0 legs (32) (3) is attached to the first edge of the metal cylinder.
2032), a pin (33) (33) < 33) is provided protruding from the outer circumferential surface near the lower end, and a tapered groove ( 3
5) (35>(35) is drilled and the bottle (33) (33)
(33) and rotate the cylinder (34) to lower the cylinder (34) by y1, and between the lower edge of the cylinder (34) and the face of the receiver & (2). The intake gap formed in (
36) can be adjusted wide or narrow.

In the case of a rectangular cylindrical body, it can be raised and lowered by a known method.

In addition, (8) is a lid that closes the low ash solid fuel input (6), and (9) is a hole that directly supplies atmospheric air to the body (5) to adjust the burning and burning. (10) is a ring that closes the hole (9).

The operation of the low ash solid fuel combustion apparatus having the above configuration is as follows.

In the above embodiment, since there is no built-in ignition device, the ignition material (11) is placed between the holding cone above the plate and the inner surface of the target, and the ignition material (11) is placed in the ignition device (11). Needs to be lit.

Here, as the igniting material (11), use firewood in the shape of a cross, parallel cross, or
Two or three pieces of paper, etc., which are piled up with the orientation changed as appropriate, or paper, etc., compressed into a rod shape and impregnated with oil, are rotatably connected to each other in a process known as ignition. It's fine if you use something.

Then, after confirming that the ignition material (11) is ignited, it is sufficient to input a predetermined amount of low ash solid fuel (8) from the low ash solid fuel input port (6), as shown in Figure 2 and below. A certain amount of the low ash solid fuel (A) is supported in a protruding manner on the cylindrical periphery by the - Because of their bulk form, they are deposited with gaps between each other and do not obstruct ventilation.

After that, the heating temperature of the low ash solid fuel (8) rises with the combustion in the ignition shrine (11), and volatile matter comes out from the surrounding groups by thermal decomposition and burns in the air inside the combustion chamber. After the ambient temperature in the chamber (4) rises and reaches a predetermined temperature, the low ash solid fuel obtains oxygen from the intake air, reaches the ignition point, and begins to burn.

When the low-temperature solid fuel (Δ) begins to burn, the pile becomes red hot and the radiant heat causes high-temperature combustion, producing cranks in the solid fuel, making it fine and turning it into a field. The receiver is supported between the slope of the retainer (1) protruding from the plate (2) and the slope of the cylindrical body, so even with fine, low-temperature solid fuel, the receiver can burn at high temperatures without falling into the temporary structure. It stays in the chamber (4) and continues to burn due to the radiant heat from the holding cone and the cylindrical body (3), the heat retention effect, and the intake effect from the surroundings.

Regarding the combustion of the low-temperature solid fuel (8), the combustion exhaust gas is discharged along the chimney (7), and along with this, it passes through the atmosphere or the intake gap (36) and is discharged from each block. The air flows smoothly along the slope of the cone that holds the natural gas and is drawn into the S chamber (4).

Here, it has been confirmed through experiments that the monthly density of the gap (I3) and the intake gap (36) have a large effect on the combustion of the low ash solid fuel (A), and it is important to maintain an appropriate balance between intake and exhaust. By setting, low ash content solid scorch,
The fuel (8) can be combusted vigorously, and there is no need to provide any special blower equipment.

That is, if the intake gap (36) is too high and the gap (II) is too large, a large amount of cold air will flow into the combustion chamber (4), and the heat dissipation rate will exceed the heat generation rate, causing the combustion chamber (4) to
Low atmospheric content solid fuel (Δ)
There is a risk that the gas may disappear, and the intake gap (36)
If the gap (B) is too low or too small, the combustion chamber (4
) If the amount of air flowing into the fuel tank becomes too small, there is a risk that the low-ash solid fuel (8) will burn out or cause a backfire.

If combustion continues for m, the amount of low ash content solid fuel (Δ) will gradually decrease, and when it approaches the limit amount that can continue combustion, low ash content solid fuel input 1.1 (6) will be opened to reduce the low ash content. Solid fuel (8)
By adding additional fuel, combustion can be continued further. Additional supply may be done either manually or mechanically.

Therefore, a temperature-sensing element is provided to detect the temperature of the combustion exhaust gas passing through the chimney (7), and when the temperature of the combustion gas detected by the temperature-sensing element falls below a predetermined temperature, a predetermined amount of By providing a supply device that inputs the low ash solid fuel (1), it is possible to reliably prevent combustion from being interrupted due to forgetting to input the low ash solid fuel (1).

In addition, if you want to interrupt the combustion, install an airtight extinguisher made of insulating material and open the shutter (23). The low ash content solid fuel (1) is dropped into the combustion chamber (4), the shutter (23) is closed late, and the fuel is taken out to the outside or the cylinder body (34
) may be lowered to close the intake gap (36) and open the holes (9) (9)...=.

In conventional combustion equipment, low-ash solid fuel is simply piled up on the flat plate, so when combustion is active, the temperature becomes high, especially in the center. He became depressed.

However, in the second embodiment of the present invention, even if the low ash solid fuel develops a crank and becomes fine, the central part does not collapse greatly, and more fuel is retained in the upper part than in the lower part, which has a rich heat retention ability. Since the flame is sucked in through the intake gap provided at the lower outer periphery of the combustion chamber, it is combusted along with the lumps that continue to burn, and most of the low ash solid fuel can be combusted. . Once burned, ash falls along the slope of the holding cone, but very little of it falls.

In addition, when petroleum coke with an ash content of 0.2% is used as a low ash solid fuel, the amount of petroleum coke remaining in an unburned state on the top surface of the receiving plate (2) is It is about 1oFi, and this residual petroleum coke can be re-combusted.
Even if the petroleum coke is continuously burned by adding it several times, the amount of petroleum coke remaining in an unburned state on the upper surface of the receiving plate (2) is about 108, which hardly changes.

In this case, almost no ash was observed.

FIG. 4 is a central vertical cross-sectional view of the main combustion part showing the second embodiment, and the difference from the embodiment shown in the mi diagram and FIG.
3) is only the shape of the heat insulating layer (31) formed on the inner surface.

That is, the heat insulation 1 (31,) shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 has its inner surface formed into a vertical flat surface.

Note that the configuration of the pond portion is the same as that of the embodiment shown in FIGS.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view of a combustion chamber showing a third embodiment.

That is, the ignition device (12) shown in FIG. 5 is composed of a tubular ceramic heater, and is set on the slope of the holding cone (1) in a heat-radiating manner. The electrode part (13) of the ceramic heater
) m) is surrounded by a heat insulating material and penetrates the heat insulating plate (21), and the receiver is placed outside the plate (2) to prevent direct exposure to the high temperature atmosphere during combustion of low ash solid fuel such as petroleum coke. To prevent this, the electrode portion of each ceramic heater should be energized outside the combustion chamber. Note that the configuration of the pond portion is the same as that of the first embodiment, so a description thereof will be omitted.

In the case of this embodiment, the low ash content solid fuel can be combusted in substantially the same manner as in the first embodiment.
When igniting low ash solid fuel, it is only necessary to supply electricity to the ceramic heater, which further simplifies the operation.

FIG. 6a.1) is a plan view and a cross-sectional view of a plate (2) showing the fourth embodiment, and FIG. 7 is a central vertical cross-sectional view of the fifth embodiment.

That is, the ignition device shown in FIGS. 6 a - b and FIG. 7 (fifth embodiment) 1 has a gas burner ( 14), and a pipe (14') that supplies fuel to the gas burner (14).
), the receiver passes through the plate (2) in the vertical direction.

FIG. 7 shows that the coke stacked directly from the inner surface of the holding cone is heated and ignited from the lower end.

Note that the configuration of the pond portion is the same as that of the first embodiment, so a description thereof will be omitted.

In the case of this embodiment, the low ash content solid fuel can be combusted in substantially the same manner as in the first embodiment.
When igniting a low ash solid fuel, it is possible to simplify the process by simply igniting the gas burner (14).

In addition, in this example, the upper surface (sixth
As shown in Figure a), a holding cone is installed in the annular central cavity of a large-diameter gas burner with a gas discharge inside, so that fine, low-ash solid fuel flows through the small gas discharge hole of the gas burner (14). This is a structure that reliably prevents the possibility of the bank stagnation occurring nearby and causing a bank fire phenomenon, and also securely holds and falls down this slope.

Fig. 8a-11 is a plan view and a central vertical cross-sectional view showing the sixth embodiment, and the difference from the first embodiment is that the receiver has an ignition device (12) located near the periphery of the plate (2). This is the only point where .

That is, the ignition device (12) shown in FIGS. 8a and 8b has a receiver penetrating the carbon rod (16) near the periphery of the plate (2), which is erected and can come into contact with and separate from the carbon rod (16). A swinging metal plate (17) is provided, a DC voltage is applied between the carbon rod (16) and the metal plate (17), and the metal plate (17) is rocked [F
] Fat to make J? The carbon rod (17") is located outside the combustion chamber (4), and the metal plate (17) is moved manually or by a motive force (depending on the swing type).
16) and the metal plate (17) to generate an arc b.

Note that the configuration of the pond portion is the same as that of the first embodiment, so a description thereof will be omitted.

In the case of this embodiment, the low ash content solid fuel can be combusted in almost the same manner as in the first embodiment, and when the low ash content solid fuel is ignited, the metal plate (1
7) All you have to do is swing it to generate an arc, so
The operation can be further simplified.

In addition, in this example, the carbon rod (16) and the metal plate (17
) is provided near the outer periphery of the plate (2) because the low ash solid heating material (8) to be introduced into the combustion chamber (4) is interposed in a narrow inclined space, so that the metal plate (17) This is to prevent obstructing the swinging.

Figure IJ is a plan view showing an embodiment in which multiple low ash solid heating materials (8) are burnt at the same time, and Figure 10 is a longitudinal sectional view at the center of the same. )(2
1)... are arranged in parallel or adjacently, and large =
The J support supports each cylinder (3) (3)... on the plate, and all five cylinders (3) (3)... hold cones (101) inside.
)... are placed, a predetermined gap 36, B is placed in communication with them to form one body (5), and a duct for discharging combustion exhaust gas is installed at a predetermined position of the body (5). 18) is provided.

In the case of this embodiment, the entire combustion chamber sharing a plurality of combustion chambers (4) is one combustion chamber, and the low atmospheric content solid fuel (/l) is combusted at the same time in this combustion cylinder. Since the radiant heat of the entire holding cone and cylinder is 11. When used together, it is possible to significantly increase the heat generation and heat retention amount of the combustion apparatus as a whole, and the generation of combustion bleed gas.

For example, by repeatedly feeding combustion bleed gas to a drying chamber (not shown), the material to be dried in the drying chamber can be efficiently dried.

In this case, it is preferable to use petroleum coke as the low ash solid fuel (A), and the combustion exhaust gas contains almost no dust. ,Therefore, there is almost no possibility of any adverse effect on the substance to be dried.Also, since the holding bell body is attached, the low ash content solid fuel is generally thinner than the conventional device or the case of a single one. It is possible to achieve efficient combustion in a stratified state by using the nf function.

As described above, the present invention uses a low ash solid fuel that generates cracks and cracks during combustion. At the same time, the receiver surrounds the low-lambda fire/) moon-shaped fuel in the plate 1-, and the 1' edge of the cylindrical body forming the combustion chamber and the receiver are located between the plate and the holding body 211. Since it was made to burn by forming gaps, it became possible to burn it completely.Also, like various types of coke, it can be pulverized and remolded to cover fields. Low ash content solids require time and effort to process into ash fuel; by efficiently burning the heating material in its unadded form, it is possible to prevent the generation of harmful power and pollution caused by ash. It has the unique effect of allowing solid fuel to be used as it is.Also, unlike conventional combustion devices, the effort and manufacturing cost of devising and implementing various shapes and configurations of fuels is high. The reason for it is gone.

In addition, by providing the holding cone 1, the combustion airflow is improved.
The fuel layer increased evenly, and the combustion efficiency was also improved because the ash that remained after scattering did not slide down or the fuel collapsed in the center at the peak of combustion.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawings show an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 1 is an exploded perspective view of an embodiment of the combustion apparatus of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a central vertical cross-sectional view, Fig. 3 is a plan view of the main parts, Figure 4 is an R cross-sectional view of the main part of the second embodiment, Figure 5 is an enlarged plan view showing the main part of the third embodiment of the ignition device, [Figure a shows the main parts of the same first to fourth embodiments] 6 is a plan view of the same, FIG. 7 is a sectional view of the ignition device of the fifth embodiment, FIG. 8a is a plan view of the ignition device of the sixth embodiment, and FIG. FIG. 9 is an enlarged plan view of the pond embodiment, and FIG. l...holding cone, no\...low-temperature solid fuel, 2...receiving plate, 3...cylindrical body, 4...
... Combustion chamber, 5... Body, 21.31...
・Insulation layer, 34...1 piece, 6...
・Intake gap applicant Daihachibe Murase

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A support for supporting low ash solid fuel, which has no grooves, slits, etc., is composed of a plate and a cylinder supported on the plate to form a combustion chamber; A low ash solid fuel combustion device, characterized in that an intake gap is formed between the lower edge of the plate and the plate, and the plate is provided with a holding fiber protruding into the object at the center of the plate. 2. Claim 115 characterized in that the holding sickle is provided with a predetermined slight gap between it and the edge F of the inner circumference of the cylinder.
Low ash solid combustion It'FA as described in item 1! ; Baking equipment. 3. 411. proportional to inspiration. 1. The low ash solid fuel combustion apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that an inlet is provided. Patent No. 46 is characterized in that an ignition device is provided on a plate or a holding cone. The low ash content solid fuel combustion device according to claim 1, characterized in that the low ash content solid fuel combustion device has a downwardly contracting shape.6. At the same time, the receiver is provided on the plate to support a large number of cylinders forming the combustion chamber in contact with or in close proximity to each other, and one retaining cone protruding into the container cylinder is provided on the support plate to support all the cylinders. A low ash solid fuel combustion device characterized in that the body communicates with one body and a gap for primary air intake is provided. A low ash solid fuel combustion device according to claim 6, in which the edges are spaced at a predetermined very small distance. Low ash solid fuel combustion device according to item G. 9. Feature δ characterized in that the receiver is provided with an ignition device on the plate.
The low ash content solid fuel combustion device according to item 6 of the range of requirements. 10. Shape rI1. 7. The low ash solid fuel combustion device according to claim 6, wherein the combustion chamber is tapered downward.