JPH0120483Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] <Industrial application field> The present invention relates to an improvement of the "low ash content solid fuel combustion device" of the applicant's earlier patent application No. 1441305 (Japanese Patent Publication No. 62-46761). be.

<Prior art> The above patented invention is a combustion device that enables the effective use of low-ash solid fuel, which cracks due to high heat during combustion and blows away, but leaves almost no unburned matter or ash after combustion. A cylindrical combustion chamber made of a heat-resistant material is placed on a receiving plate made of a heat-resistant material without any gaps or ash drop holes, and the upper surface of the receiving plate and the lower end of the combustion chamber are connected to each other. A holding cone is provided in the center of the receiving plate to protrude into the combustion chamber, and the low ash solid fuel is held in the holding cone. A predetermined amount is deposited and retained on the body and then burned. In addition, Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 29-6852 discloses a configuration in which a hollow conical rostrtle is provided in the combustion chamber and a flame descending passageway leading into the flame chamber below the rostrtle.

<Problem to be solved by the invention> The patented invention described above enables complete combustion of low-ash solid fuel, which causes cracks during combustion, on a receiving plate that has no ventilation holes, but as combustion becomes more active, the combustion becomes worse. It required continuous air supply and self-sufficiency. In addition, the announced device is an extremely complicated device,
This is a special structure that burns the extremely fine sawdust in the combustion chamber from the lower layer and causes the flame to descend to the lower flame chamber, and the low ash content solid fuel that cracks and blows up in the combustion chamber is proportional to the exhaust gas. The structure is not such that combustion air can be continuously supplied directly from the atmosphere.

The present invention aims to achieve self-sufficiency in combustion air with a simple configuration.

<Means for solving the problem> Combustion air is distributed in proportion to the exhaust air between a receiving plate made of heat-resistant material that has no ventilation holes or slits, and the lower end of a cylinder supported on the receiving plate and forming a combustion chamber. A holding cone that protrudes into the combustion chamber with an intake gap is provided at the center of the upper surface of the receiving plate, and a holding cone with a diameter smaller than that of the holding cone is provided on the receiving plate directly below the holding cone. It is equipped with an intake hole.

<Function> When the combustion of the low ash solid fuel in the combustion chamber becomes active by obtaining air from the intake gap between the receiving plate and the lower end of the combustion chamber, the outside air is combusted directly from the intake hole in the center of the receiving plate along the retention cone. Intake into the room and continuously supply combustion air.

<Example> Hereinafter, a detailed explanation will be given with reference to illustrated embodiments.

FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view showing an embodiment of the low ash solid fuel combustion apparatus of the present invention.

In the figure, a holding cone 1 is placed on a receiving plate 2 with an air intake gap, and a cylinder 3 is installed on the receiving plate 2 with legs 32 so as to surround the holding cone 1. , has a ventilation hole 9 above the cylindrical body 3,
A body 5 with a chimney 7 attached is placed thereon, and the upper part of the low ash solid fuel inlet 6 is closed with a lid 8.
Note that the holder 1, the receiving plate 2, and the cylinder 3 are all heat insulating materials that can withstand high heat. In the figure, 10 is a ventilation hole 9
It is a ring that opens and closes.

FIG. 2 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the low ash solid fuel combustion apparatus shown in FIG.
An intake gap 36 designed to continuously supply combustion air in proportion to the exhaust air is formed between the bottom of the holder 1 and the receiving plate 2, and the intake gap 36 is designed to continuously supply combustion air in proportion to the exhaust air. A hole 19 is provided to open to the atmosphere. The holder 1 and the receiving plate 2 are made of materials that can withstand high heat. Further, the chimney 7 may be provided with a damper 7' for adjusting the exhaust amount as appropriate. 33 is a guide pin for adjusting the width of the gap 36 formed between the cylinder 3 and the receiving plate 2, and a guide groove 35 provided at an angle in the cylinder 34 provided on the outside of the cylinder 3 corresponds to the guide pin 33. It can be moved up and down using guide pins 33. 32 is a leg provided on the cylindrical body 3. Reference numeral 11 denotes a known appropriate ignition material, which is put into the heat insulating layer 31 of the mortar body together with the low ash solid fuel A. The heat insulating layer 21 is also formed on the receiving plate 2. 22 is a leg that supports the entire device, and 4 is a combustion chamber.

FIG. 3 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the main part of the second embodiment, in which the heat insulating layer 31 has a cylindrical shape.

FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view of a main part of another embodiment of the ignition means, in which the ignition device 12 is composed of a tubular ceramic heater, and 13 is an electrode portion of the ceramic heater.

The embodiment shown in FIG. 5 uses an ignition device 14 consisting of an annular gas burner, and 14' is a gas supply pipe.

The embodiment of FIG. 6a and FIG. 6b is the ignition device 1
2 is composed of a carbon rod 16 and a metal plate 17, and the carbon rod 16 is passed through and erected near the periphery of the receiving plate 2, and a metal plate 17 is provided that rotates so as to be able to come into contact with the carbon rod 16. An operating section 17' for rotating the metal plate 17 by applying a voltage between the rod 16 and the metal plate 17 is provided outside the combustion chamber 4, and the metal plate 17 is attached to the carbon rod 16 manually or by a motor or the like. By colliding with each other, an arc is generated.

Figures 7a and 7b show an embodiment in which a large amount of low ash solid fuel A is simultaneously combusted,
A plurality of heat insulating and heat retaining layers 21, 21... are arranged in parallel or adjacent to each other, each cylinder 3, 3... is supported by a large support plate 2, and further held within the entire cylinder 3, 3... The bodies 1, 1... are placed thereon, covered with a body 5, a duct 18 for leading out combustion exhaust gas is provided at a predetermined position of the body 5, and a receiver located directly below each holder 1, 1... is placed. An intake hole 19 is formed in the plate 2.

FIGS. 8a and 8b show a second embodiment in which multiple holders are used, in which a plurality of triangular prism-shaped holders 1 are arranged in a space surrounded by a heat insulating layer 31,
A slit-shaped intake hole 19 is provided in the receiving plate 2 directly below each holding body 1.

FIG. 9 shows a third embodiment of the same as above, in which each holder 1, receiving plate 2, body 5, etc. are circular, and each holder 1 is arranged in a space surrounded by a heat insulating layer 31. Circular air intake holes 19 are provided in the lower receiving plate 2 of each holder 1 at appropriate positions.

In addition, the holder 1, the receiving plate 2, the body 5 and the ventilation hole 1
The shape of 9 etc. is not limited to the above embodiment, and various shapes can be used.

<Operation> When using the ignition material 11 shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the ignition material 11 is placed between the holder 1 above the receiving plate 2 and the inner surface of the cylinder 3, and the ignition material 11 is ignited. ,
After confirming that the ignition material 11 has started to burn, a predetermined amount of the low ash solid fuel A is introduced from the input port 6.
At this time, the low ash solid fuel A is supported between the downward gradually contracting tapered surface (vertical surface in FIG. 3) of the inner surface of the cylinder 3 and the downward gradually expanding slope of the holder 1 while covering the ignition material 11, Each of them is in the form of a block and has a stacked gap between them, so that the air intake gap 36 provided between the holder 1 and the receiving plate 2 is not blocked, thereby providing good air intake.

The low ash content solid fuel A is heated by the combustion of the ignition material 11, the temperature rises, volatile matter is generated by thermal decomposition, and is combusted in the air in the combustion chamber 4, so that the atmospheric temperature in the combustion chamber 4 reaches a predetermined level. After reaching the temperature or higher, the total low ash solid fuel A obtains oxygen by intake air from the intake gap 32 and continues combustion.

When the low ash content solid fuel A continues to burn, becomes red hot as a whole, and reaches high temperature combustion due to radiant heat, the low ash content solid fuel A cracks, becomes fine, and is blown away, but it does not cause slits or cracks like rostol. It is supported by the slope of the holder 1 placed on the flat receiving plate 2 having no ash drop holes and the inner surface of the cylindrical body 3,
Due to increasingly active combustion, outside air is being fanned directly into the combustion chamber from the intake gap 32 between the holder 1 and the receiving plate 2 and the intake hole 19 along the holder and the inner wall, resulting in finer combustion. The air does not fall from the intake gap 32 or the intake hole 19, and the high-temperature combustion chamber 4
The radiant heat from the holder 1 and the cylindrical body 3, the heat retention effect, and the intake effect further sustain active combustion.

In addition, fine particles are also combusted by radiant heat and heat retention, reducing the amount of unburned particles. There is very little ash, which falls along the holder and can be easily scraped off from the intake hole 19 when cleaning the device. As the low ash solid fuel A burns, exhaust gas is released into the atmosphere through the chimney 7, and as a result, outside air is directly sucked in through the intake gap 36 and the intake hole 19, and the gap between each low ash solid fuel A is filled with a holding body. 1
The air is supplied into the combustion chamber 4 as an upward air flow along the slope of the air. At this time, the intake gap 36 and the intake hole 19
By appropriately adjusting the amount of intake air from the fuel tank, it is possible to balance intake and exhaust air and realize a ventilation state that corresponds to the amount of low ash solid fuel A.

Even if the amount of low-ash solid fuel A to be burned gradually decreases, the holding body provides better bulk and heat retention than conventional devices even in a small amount and thin layer, approaching the limit amount that can sustain combustion. For example, by opening the lid 8 and refilling the low ash solid fuel A from the inlet 6,
Can sustain combustion. In this case, replenishment may be done manually or mechanically, and the temperature of the exhaust gas passing through the chimney 7 is detected using a temperature sensor, etc., and when the detected exhaust temperature falls below a predetermined temperature, a predetermined amount of replenishment is performed. By providing a supply device for feeding the low ash solid fuel A, it is possible to reliably prevent combustion interruption due to forgetting to feed the low ash solid fuel A.

In addition, when combustion is interrupted, the intake gap 36
And the intake hole 19 may be closed.

In the embodiments shown in FIGS. 4, 5, 6a and 6b, an ignition device 12 is used instead of the ignition material 11,
A gas burner 14 is used, and the operation is the same as the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 above, except that the low ash solid fuel A is first charged and ignited directly by the ignition device 12 or the gas burner 14.

Also, Figure 7a, Figure 7b, Figure 8a, Figure 8b
Although no ignition means is shown in the embodiment shown in FIG. 9, any suitable method described above may be used.

<Effects of the invention> The present invention, which has the above-described structure and operation, is such that the holder is mounted on a receiving plate that has air intake holes only on the lower surface of the holder and has no ventilation slits on the other exposed surface. Intake air is supported between the lower edge of the cylindrical body and the support plate and the support plate, which together with the support plate surrounds the low ash solid fuel that cracks during combustion on the support plate and forms a combustion chamber. Since a gap is formed and an intake hole is provided in the receiving plate to allow combustion, natural intake is possible without loss of air in balance with the exhaust gas from combustion, and with active combustion, outside air is drawn from the intake hole. The addition of direct inhalation of heat has further ensured radiant heat and an increase in heat retention, making it possible to achieve complete combustion. In addition, low-ash solid fuels, such as various types of coke, which require time and effort to be pulverized and remolded into fuels that prevent fanning, can be burned efficiently in their unprocessed form, reducing the generation of harmful gases and ash. It has the unique effect of preventing pollution from occurring and allowing low-cost solid fuel to be used as is. The holding body, the combustion chamber, and the receiving plate are made of heat-resistant materials and have excellent heat retention, so that their heat retention ability effectively maintains the combustion temperature and radiant heat during combustion of solid fuel. Furthermore, unlike conventional combustion devices, there is no longer the need to devise and implement combustion engines of various shapes and configurations depending on the purpose, which is a cause of high production costs and effort.

In addition, by providing an intake hole with a diameter smaller than that on the lower surface of the support plate on the lower surface of the holder, the holder is supported covering the intake hole, and the combustion airflow rises more smoothly toward the peripheral surface of the holder. In addition, although the very small amount of ash that remains slides down, it does not block the gap for intake air, and the fuel in the center does not collapse at the peak of combustion, resulting in even better combustion efficiency.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

1 to 9 show an embodiment of the low ash content solid fuel combustion device of the present invention, FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view of the first embodiment, and FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional side view of FIG. 1. ,
Fig. 3 is a longitudinal sectional side view of the main part showing another embodiment, Fig. 4 is a longitudinal sectional side view of the main part equipped with another ignition device same as above, and Fig. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view of the main part same as above but equipped with a gas burner. The side views, Figures 6a and 6b respectively show an embodiment with a third ignition device, Figure 6a
is a vertical sectional side view of the main part, FIG. 6b is a plan view of the main part,
7a and 7b show an embodiment in which a plurality of holders and cylinders are provided, respectively, and FIG.
FIG. 7b is a plan view, FIG. 7b is a longitudinal side view, FIGS. 8a and 8b respectively show an embodiment in which a plurality of triangular prism-shaped holders are provided, and FIG. 8a is a plan view. , FIG. 8b is a longitudinal sectional side view, and FIG. 9 is a plan view showing an embodiment in which a plurality of conical holders are provided. A...Low ash solid fuel, 2...Receiving plate, 3...
Cylindrical body, 4... Combustion chamber, 5... Body, 6... Inlet, 7... Chimney, 8... Lid, 11... Ignition material, 1
2...Ignition device, 14...Gas burner, 19...
Intake hole, 36...Intake gap.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claim for Utility Model Registration] 1. A receiving plate made of a durable, heat-resistant material such as metal of a prescribed thickness and having no slots, slits, etc., for supporting low-ash solid fuel, and a receiving plate with the same effectiveness as the receiving plate. It consists of a cylindrical body supported on a plate to form a combustion chamber, and a heat-insulating layer of a predetermined thickness made of heat-insulating bricks or other heat-insulating material is provided around the receiving plate and the combustion chamber to reduce the low ash content. An intake gap is formed between the lower end of the cylindrical body and the receiving plate to support and surround the solid fuel, and an intake gap is formed between the lower end of the cylindrical body and the receiving plate so that combustion air can be continuously supplied in proportion to the exhaust air, and a fuel input port that can be opened and closed is provided in the cylindrical body. At the same time, holders having a triangular cross section that protrude into the combustion chamber are provided at small intervals on the upper surface of the central part of the receiving plate, and holders with a diameter smaller than the bottom surface of the holder are provided on the receiving plate directly below the holder to prevent combustion in the combustion chamber. A low ash solid fuel combustion device equipped with an intake hole that directly draws in outside air. 2. The low ash solid fuel combustion device according to claim 1, which is characterized by having a plurality of small-diameter intake holes on the receiving plate directly below the holder.