KR20230080375A - The battery case having an inlet for extinguishing fires of electric vehicles - Google Patents

The battery case having an inlet for extinguishing fires of electric vehicles Download PDF

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KR20230080375A
KR20230080375A KR1020230064995A KR20230064995A KR20230080375A KR 20230080375 A KR20230080375 A KR 20230080375A KR 1020230064995 A KR1020230064995 A KR 1020230064995A KR 20230064995 A KR20230064995 A KR 20230064995A KR 20230080375 A KR20230080375 A KR 20230080375A
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battery
fire
battery case
case
inlet
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KR1020230064995A
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Korean (ko)
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정욱철
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정욱철
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/233Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions
    • H01M50/24Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions adapted for protecting batteries from their environment, e.g. from corrosion
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62CFIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C3/00Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
    • A62C3/07Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places in vehicles, e.g. in road vehicles
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62CFIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C3/00Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
    • A62C3/16Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places in electrical installations, e.g. cableways
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/50Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
    • B60L50/60Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
    • B60L50/64Constructional details of batteries specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/4207Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/289Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by spacing elements or positioning means within frames, racks or packs
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60YINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
    • B60Y2200/00Type of vehicle
    • B60Y2200/90Vehicles comprising electric prime movers
    • B60Y2200/91Electric vehicles
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/20Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane

Abstract

본 발명은 전기자동차의 배터리에 화재가 발생한 경우 신속하게 화재를 진압하기 위한 장치로 배터리에 화재 발생시 열폭주로 인해 차량이 화염에 노출되는 것을 최소화하기 위해 배터리케이스를 구비하며, 차량 외부에는 소화액이나 물을 주입하기 위한 주입구가 마련되며, 배터리케이스에는 그 주입구와 연결된 파이프가 구비되고, 배터리케이스 덮개 상단에는 소화액이나 물이 주입되는 경우 배터리케이스 내부가 완전히 잠기고, 넘치는 소화액이나 물이 배출되는 배출구를 구비함으로써, 차량의 배터리 화재시 손쉽고 안전하며, 효과적으로 화재를 진압할 수 있는 것을 그 특징으로 한다. The present invention is a device for quickly extinguishing a fire when a fire occurs in a battery of an electric vehicle, and is provided with a battery case to minimize exposure of the vehicle to flame due to thermal runaway when a fire occurs in the battery, and a fire extinguishing liquid or An inlet for injecting water is provided, and a pipe connected to the inlet is provided in the battery case, and when fire extinguishing fluid or water is injected at the top of the battery case cover, the inside of the battery case is completely locked, and an outlet through which overflowing fire extinguishing fluid or water is discharged is provided. By having it, it is characterized in that it can easily, safely, and effectively extinguish the fire in the event of a vehicle battery fire.

Figure pat00001
Figure pat00001

Description

전기자동차 화재진압을 위한 주입구를 가진 배터리케이스{The battery case having an inlet for extinguishing fires of electric vehicles} The battery case having an inlet for extinguishing fires of electric vehicles}

본 발명은 전기자동차의 배터리 화재를 보다 안전하고 효과적으로 진압하기 위한 것으로, 차량 전방 또는 후방 외부에 매설된 소화액이나 물의 주입구를 통하여 소화기나 수돗물, 소방호스 등을 사용하여 배터리케이스 내부로 소화액이나 물을 손쉽게 주입할 수 있게 함으로써, 배터리화재를 효과적으로 진압하는 것을 목적으로 한다. The present invention is to more safely and effectively extinguish a battery fire of an electric vehicle, and by using a fire extinguisher, tap water, a fire hose, etc. through an inlet of fire extinguishing fluid or water buried outside the front or rear of the vehicle, extinguishing fluid or water is discharged into the battery case. By making it easy to inject, it aims to effectively extinguish battery fires.

오늘날 인류는 화석연료를 사용하는 자동차로 인해 야기된 대기오염을 줄이는 노력의 일환으로 배터리를 동력원으로 사용하는 전기자동차 성능향상에 많은 노력을 기울이고 있다. 친환경 자동차로서 가장 손꼽히는 전기자동차는 주로 리튬이온 배터리를 동력원으로 사용하는데, 이는 에너지 저장밀도가 비교적 높으며, 높은 전압 발생이 가능하기 때문이다. Today, as part of an effort to reduce air pollution caused by vehicles using fossil fuels, mankind is making great efforts to improve the performance of electric vehicles using batteries as a power source. Electric vehicles, which are considered the most environmentally friendly vehicles, mainly use lithium ion batteries as a power source because they have a relatively high energy storage density and can generate high voltage.

전기자동차의 보급률이 갈수록 높아짐에 따라 보다 안전한 배터리를 만들기 위해 많은 노력을 기울이고 있지만 다양한 이유로 배터리화재가 발생하여 인명과 재산 피해를 입는 경우가 발생하고 있다. 배터리 화재의 경우 아주 짧은 시간에 열폭주로 인해 고온이 발생하게 되어 신속한 화재 진압이 어렵고 대부분 차량이 전손되어 막대한 피해를 야기하게 된다.As the penetration rate of electric vehicles continues to increase, many efforts are being made to make safer batteries, but for various reasons, battery fires occur, resulting in human life and property damage. In the case of a battery fire, a high temperature is generated due to thermal runaway in a very short time, making it difficult to quickly extinguish the fire, and most vehicles are completely destroyed, causing enormous damage.

현재 배터리 화재의 경우 차량을 수조에 넣어 배터리가 완전연소 할 때까지 기다리는 방법을 사용하고 있으며, 화재차량을 수조까지 이동해야 하는 곤란한 상황도 발생하게 된다. Currently, in the case of a battery fire, a method of putting the vehicle in a water tank and waiting until the battery is completely burned is used, and a difficult situation arises in which the fire vehicle must be moved to the water tank.

이에 더욱 손쉽고 안전하며, 효과적으로 전기차의 배터리화재에 대응할 수 있는 방법이 필요하다. Accordingly, there is a need for an easier, safer, and more effective way to respond to battery fires of electric vehicles.

본 발명은 전기자동차의 배터리 화재 발생시 현장에서 소화기나 수돗물 또는 소방호스를 사용하여 누구나 안전하게 신속히 배터리 화재를 진압하는 것이 가능하도록 하는 것이 목적이다. An object of the present invention is to make it possible for anyone to safely and quickly extinguish a battery fire using a fire extinguisher, tap water, or a fire hose in the event of a battery fire of an electric vehicle.

본 발명은 전기자동차 배터리화재가 발생하는 경우 소화기나 수도꼭지와 연결된 물 호스 또는 소방호스를 전기자동차의 전면 또는 후면에 매설된 주입구에 삽입하여 소화액이나 물이 주입구와 연결된 파이프를 통하여 배터리 케이스 내부로 유입되고, 케이스 내부가 모두 잠기게 되면 케이스 상단의 배출구를 통하여 케이스 밖으로 배출되게 함으로써 내부 열을 식히고, 화재를 진압할 수 있도록 한다. 또한, 배터리 케이스는 배터리 화재 발생시 야기되는 열폭주의 고온에도 견딜 수 있도록 금속재질의 케이스 내부에 세라믹단열재를 부착하여 케이스 내부에서 생성된 열이 외부로 유출되는 것을 차단하여 급속한 화재 번짐을 예방하도록 한다.In the present invention, when a battery fire occurs in an electric vehicle, a water hose or fire hose connected to a fire extinguisher or a faucet is inserted into an inlet buried in the front or rear of the electric vehicle so that the fire extinguishing fluid or water flows into the battery case through the pipe connected to the inlet. And, when the inside of the case is all locked, it is discharged out of the case through the discharge port at the top of the case to cool the internal heat and extinguish the fire. In addition, in order to withstand the high temperature of thermal runaway caused by a battery fire, the battery case attaches a ceramic insulation material to the inside of the case made of metal to prevent the heat generated inside the case from leaking out to prevent rapid fire spread. .

전기자동차 배터리 화재는 매우 짧은 시간에 차량 대부분이 전소하게 되는데, 이는 배터리가 차량 내부 바닥에 설치되어 물이나 소화액의 직접적인 분사를 어렵게 하기 때문이다. 따라서 배터리를 고온에 견딜 수 있는 케이스 내부에 설치하고, 배터리 화재 발생시 케이스 내부에 직접 물이나 소화액을 분사하면 배터리 화재를 용이하게 진압할 수 있게 된다. Electric vehicle battery fires burn most of the vehicles in a very short time because the batteries are installed on the floor inside the vehicle, making it difficult to spray water or fire extinguishing fluid directly. Therefore, it is possible to easily extinguish a battery fire by installing the battery inside a case that can withstand high temperatures, and spraying water or extinguishing fluid directly into the case when a battery fire occurs.

특히 고온에 견딜 수 있는 배터리 케이스를 사용하게 되면 배터리의 열기가 외부로 유출되는 데 상당한 시간을 소요하게 되어 화재 초기 진압 시간을 벌 수 있게 된다.In particular, when a battery case that can withstand high temperatures is used, it takes a considerable amount of time for the heat of the battery to leak to the outside, thereby earning time for extinguishing the fire at an early stage.

현재 전기차 화재 발생시 화염에 쌓인 자동차를 수조에 넣어 배터리를 침수시키는 방법을 사용하고 있는데, 화염에 쌓인 전기차에 접근하는 것은 매우 위험하며, 수조에 넣는 것도 상당히 어려운 작업이다. 따라서 신속하고, 효과적으로 배터리 화재를 진화하는 것은 매우 중요한 일이며, 본 발명은 이러한 요구를 충족시킬 수 있는 것이다.Currently, in the event of an electric car fire, a method of submerging the battery by putting the car in flames into a water tank is used. It is very dangerous to approach the electric car in flames, and putting it in a water tank is a very difficult task. Therefore, it is very important to quickly and effectively extinguish a battery fire, and the present invention can meet this need.

도 1은 본 발명에 따른 전기자동차 화재 진압장치의 개념도이며
도 2는 자동차의 전방 또는 후방에 매설된 소화액이나 물의 주입구 형상이며
도 3과 배터리케이스의 측면도이며
도 4는 배터리 케이스의 내부 벽면에 세라믹단열재가 부착되는 것을 설명하기 위한 사시도이다.
도 5는 배터리팩을 수개로 분리하여 배터리케이스에 안착하기 위한 분리격벽이 포함된 사시도이다.
1 is a conceptual diagram of an electric vehicle fire suppression device according to the present invention;
2 is a shape of an inlet for fire extinguishing fluid or water buried in the front or rear of the vehicle;
3 and a side view of the battery case
4 is a perspective view illustrating attachment of a ceramic insulator to an inner wall surface of a battery case.
5 is a perspective view including a separation partition wall for separating a battery pack into several pieces and seating them in a battery case.

본 발명은 전기자동차의 배터리 화재 초기에 신속하게 진압하여 추가 피해를 예방하는데 매우 큰 장점이 있다. 전기자동차 배터리화재는 매우 짧은 시간에 큰 화재로 변할 수 있고 인근 차량으로 불이 옮겨 붙어 많은 물적 피해를 낼 수 있기 때문에 신속한 초기 진압이 매우 중요하다. 따라서 배터리 화재시 비교적 손쉽게 구할 수 있는 소화기나 수돗물 호스 또는 소방호스를 사용하여 배터리 케이스에 직접 분사할 수 있는 것은 초기 화재 진압에 매우 중요한 요소라 할 수 있다. 도면을 참고하여 본 발명을 설명하면, 전기자동차 배터리(500)는 금속벽면(400)으로 만들어진 배터리케이스(200)에 안착하고, 배터리 화재 발생시 열폭주로 인해 매우 높은 온도의 열기를 발생하므로 케이스와 차체 보호를 위해, 배터리케이스 사방 벽면과 바닥과 덮개 내부에는 고온에 강한 세라믹 열차단벽(410)을 부착한다. 또한 배터리팩은 화재발생시 이웃한 배터리팩과 연쇄반응이 일어나므로 이것을 방지하기 위해 배터팩을 분리하여 배터리케이스에 안착시키기 위해 배터리케이스 내부에 분리격벽(230)을 설치하여 배터리팩간 화재연쇄반응을 차단하는 것은 매우 중요하다. 배터리팩 분리격벽은 유입된 소화액이나 물이 흐를 수 있도록 높이를 사방 벽보다 낮게 설치하거나 흐름 유도부(240)가 있어야 한다. 이것은 화재 초기에 화재진압을 위해 준비하는 시간을 벌 수 있는 중요한 요소이다. 배터리 화재가 발생하면 이를 진화하기 위해 소화액이나 물을 주입하는 주입구(100)로 소화기나 수도호스 또는 소방호스를 삽입하여 소화액이나 물을 주입하면, 주입된 액체는 주입구와 배터리 케이스와 연결된 파이프(110)를 통해 배터리 케이스 내부로 유입되게 된다. The present invention has a very great advantage in preventing additional damage by quickly extinguishing a battery fire of an electric vehicle at an early stage. Since an electric vehicle battery fire can turn into a large fire in a very short time and cause a lot of physical damage as the fire moves to nearby vehicles, prompt early suppression is very important. Therefore, in case of a battery fire, being able to spray directly into the battery case using a relatively easily available fire extinguisher, tap water hose, or fire hose is a very important factor in extinguishing the initial fire. Referring to the drawings, the electric vehicle battery 500 is seated in a battery case 200 made of a metal wall 400, and generates very high temperature heat due to thermal runaway when a battery fire occurs, so that the case and To protect the vehicle body, a ceramic heat barrier 410 resistant to high temperatures is attached to the battery case's four sides, the floor, and the inside of the cover. In addition, since a battery pack causes a chain reaction with neighboring battery packs in the event of a fire, in order to prevent this, a separation barrier 230 is installed inside the battery case to separate the battery pack and seat it in the battery case to block the fire chain reaction between the battery packs. It is very important to do The battery pack separation partition wall must be installed at a height lower than the four walls or have a flow guide part 240 so that the inflow extinguishing fluid or water can flow. This is an important factor in buying time to prepare for firefighting in the early stages of a fire. When a battery fire occurs, when a fire extinguisher, water hose, or fire hose is inserted into the inlet 100 for injecting extinguishing fluid or water to extinguish it, and the extinguishing fluid or water is injected, the injected liquid is injected into the pipe (110) connected to the inlet and the battery case. ) to enter the battery case.

배터리 케이스의 내부 공간을 모두 채우게 된 소화액이나 물은 넘쳐서 케이스덮개(220) 상단에 설치된 U형배수관(300)을 통화여 케이스 외부로 배출되게 된다. 이때 소화액이나 물은 케이스 내부의 화재를 소화하며, 동시에 넘쳐나는 소화액과 물은 케이스 내부 온도를 저하시켜 배터리케이스와 차체를 보호할 수 있다. The fire extinguishing fluid or water that fills the entire internal space of the battery case overflows and is discharged to the outside of the case by calling the U-shaped drain pipe 300 installed at the top of the case cover 220. At this time, the fire extinguishing fluid or water extinguishes the fire inside the case, and at the same time, the overflowing fire extinguishing fluid and water lower the internal temperature of the case to protect the battery case and the vehicle body.

배터리 케이스 상단에 위치한 U형배수관(300)은 고온에 강한 세라믹재질이나 금속재질로 제작하는 것이 바람직하며, 배터리가 완전히 잠길 수 있도록 배터리 상부에 위치하여야 하며, 소화액이나 물이 유입되는 경로인 주입구(100)와 파이프(110)의 경우 고온에 강한 금속재질로 제작하는 것이 바람직하며 배터리보다 높은 곳에 위치하여 유입된 소화액이나 물의 주입이 원활하도록 한다.The U-shaped drain pipe 300 located at the top of the battery case is preferably made of ceramic material or metal material that is resistant to high temperatures, and must be located above the battery so that the battery can be completely submerged, and the inlet ( 100) and the pipe 110 are preferably made of a metal material that is resistant to high temperatures, and are located higher than the battery so that the inflow of fire extinguishing fluid or water is smoothly injected.

소화액이나 물 주입구(100)는 배터리와 비교적 거리가 먼 곳인 자동차의 전방이나 후방에 매설하여 화재시 소화액이나 물을 주입하는 사람이 보다 안전하도록 하는 것이 바람직하며 평소에는 주유구처럼 커버가 설치되어 빗물이나 먼지의 유입을 차단하도록 한다. It is preferable to bury the fire extinguishing liquid or water injection port 100 at the front or rear of the car, which is relatively far from the battery, so that the person injecting the fire extinguishing liquid or water is safer in case of a fire. Prevent the ingress of dust.

이상으로 설명한 본 발명의 실시 예는 보다 다양하게 적용 될 수 있으며, 기술된 용어는 본 발명을 설명하기 위한 것으로 그 용어로 권리를 한정하지 않으며, 청구범위에 의해 정해지는 기본 개념으로 그 권리가 정해져야 할 것이다. The embodiments of the present invention described above can be applied in more diverse ways, and the terms described are for explaining the present invention, and the rights are not limited to the terms, and the rights are determined by the basic concept defined by the claims. will have to

100: 주입구
110: 파이프
200: 배터리케이스
210: 배터리케이스 사방벽면과 바닥
220: 배터리케이스 덮개
230: 배터리케이스 분리격벽
240: 흐름 유도부
300: U형배수관
400: 배터리케이스 외부 벽면
410: 배터리케이스 내부 열차단벽5
500: 배터리팩
100: inlet
110: pipe
200: battery case
210: battery case all sides walls and bottom
220: battery case cover
230: battery case separation bulkhead
240: flow induction unit
300: U-shaped drain pipe
400: external wall of the battery case
410: battery case internal heat barrier 5
500: battery pack

Claims (3)

배터리를 상하 사방을 둘러싸는 케이스와 케이스 덮개 상단에는 유입된 소화액이나 물이 넘쳐서 배출가능한 배출관이 마련되고 차량외부에는 매설된 소화액이나 물의 주입구가 있으며, 그 주입구와 배터리케이스를 연결하는 파이프를 구비하는 것을 특징으로 하는 전기차 배터리 화재 진압장치 The case surrounding the battery in all directions and the top of the case cover are provided with a discharge pipe that can be discharged by overflowing the inflow extinguishing fluid or water, and there is an inlet for extinguishing fluid or water buried outside the vehicle, and a pipe connecting the inlet and the battery case. Electric vehicle battery fire suppression device characterized in that 제 1항에 있어 배터리케이스 상하 사방 내측 벽면은 열폭주의 고온에 배터리케이스와 차체를 보호하기 위해 열차단벽이 부착되는 것을 특징으로 하는 배터리 화재 진압장치 The battery fire suppression device according to claim 1, characterized in that the upper and lower inner walls of the battery case are attached with thermal barriers to protect the battery case and the vehicle body from high temperatures of thermal runaway. 제 1항에 있어 배터리케이스 내부는 배터리팩을 수 개로 분리하여 배터리케이스에 안착시킴으로 배터리화재 발생시 배터리화재 규모를 최소화할 수 있도록 배터리케이스 내부에 배터리팩 분리격벽이 설치되는 것을 특징으로 하는 배터리 화재 진압장치
The battery fire suppression according to claim 1, characterized in that a battery pack separation bulkhead is installed inside the battery case to minimize the size of a battery fire in the event of a battery fire by separating several battery packs and seating them in the battery case. Device
KR1020230064995A 2023-05-19 2023-05-19 The battery case having an inlet for extinguishing fires of electric vehicles KR20230080375A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR102659477B1 (en) * 2023-08-09 2024-04-22 주식회사 에이치티씨 Battery pack having fire extinguishing function

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR102659477B1 (en) * 2023-08-09 2024-04-22 주식회사 에이치티씨 Battery pack having fire extinguishing function

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