CN110496334B - Lithium iron phosphate energy storage power station battery module structure protected by water mist fire extinguishing technology - Google Patents
Lithium iron phosphate energy storage power station battery module structure protected by water mist fire extinguishing technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN110496334B CN110496334B CN201910751609.5A CN201910751609A CN110496334B CN 110496334 B CN110496334 B CN 110496334B CN 201910751609 A CN201910751609 A CN 201910751609A CN 110496334 B CN110496334 B CN 110496334B
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- battery module
- battery
- water mist
- module shell
- opening
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 70
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- GELKBWJHTRAYNV-UHFFFAOYSA-K lithium iron phosphate Chemical compound [Li+].[Fe+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O GELKBWJHTRAYNV-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000000443 aerosol Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009417 prefabrication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012983 electrochemical energy storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C3/00—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
- A62C3/16—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places in electrical installations, e.g. cableways
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C31/00—Delivery of fire-extinguishing material
- A62C31/02—Nozzles specially adapted for fire-extinguishing
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a lithium iron phosphate energy storage power station battery module structure protected by a water mist fire extinguishing technology, which comprises a battery module shell, wherein a battery is arranged on the inner side of the battery module shell, the distance between the upper surface of the battery and the inner surface of a top plate of the battery module shell is greater than or equal to 50cm, and the distance between the side surface of the battery and the inner surface of a side plate of the battery module shell is greater than or equal to 20cm; an opening is arranged on one side plate of the battery module shell, the water mist spray head stretches into the battery module shell from the opening, and the spraying direction of the water mist spray head faces to the area between the upper surface of the battery and the inner surface of the top plate of the battery module shell; mesh areas are provided on other side plates of the battery module case. The invention can quickly extinguish the fire disaster of the battery prefabricated cabin of the lithium iron phosphate energy storage power station.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a lithium iron phosphate energy storage power station battery module structure protected by a water mist fire extinguishing technology, and belongs to the technology of fire protection of lithium iron phosphate energy storage power station battery modules.
Background
The lithium iron phosphate battery has the advantages of high energy density, high output voltage, long cycle life, small environmental pollution and the like, and is widely used in various electronic equipment, electric automobiles and electrochemical energy storage. The accumulated loading of the lithium iron phosphate energy storage power station is steadily increased, the loading exceeds 2000MW by 2020, the annual growth rate is close to 70%, and once a fire disaster occurs, the reliability and the safety of power supply are seriously jeopardized, and the social influence and the harm are extremely great. At present, no fire extinguishing equipment capable of effectively extinguishing fire of a battery prefabricated cabin of a lithium iron phosphate energy storage power station exists worldwide, and a large number of domestic and foreign fire examples of the battery prefabricated cabin of the energy storage power station are well proven.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: in order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a lithium iron phosphate energy storage power station battery module structure which is protected by a water mist fire extinguishing technology.
The technical scheme is as follows: in order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a lithium iron phosphate energy storage power station battery module structure protected by a water mist fire extinguishing technology comprises a battery module shell, wherein a battery is arranged on the inner side of the battery module shell, the distance between the upper surface of the battery and the inner surface of a top plate of the battery module shell is greater than or equal to 50cm, and the distance between the side surface of the battery and the inner surface of a side plate of the battery module shell is greater than or equal to 20cm;
An opening (used for extending the water mist spray head) is arranged on one side plate of the battery module shell, the top edge of the opening is in accordance with the height of the inner surface of the top plate of the battery module shell, the bottom edge of the opening is in accordance with the height of the upper surface of the battery or higher than the height of the upper surface of the battery (the bottom edge of the opening is generally designed to be in accordance with the height of the upper surface of the battery), and the distance between two vertical edges of the opening and two vertical edges of the side plate is 1/5-1/3 of the width of the side plate;
The other side plates of the battery module shell are provided with mesh areas, the bottom edges of the mesh areas are consistent with or higher than the upper surface of the battery, the top edges of the mesh areas are lower than the inner surface of the top plate of the battery module shell by 15-20 cm (the area above the top edges of the mesh areas are the forbidden open pore areas), the two vertical edges of the mesh areas are consistent with the two vertical edges of the side plates (the two sides are slightly shorter than the two vertical edges of the side plates), the aperture ratio of the mesh areas is 20-30%, and generally, no requirement is imposed on the diameter of the mesh.
Compared with the prior art, the battery module shell is provided with openings and holes to form a mesh area, the distance between the battery and the inner wall of the battery module shell is limited, and the battery module shell is not subjected to excessive treatment. It is known that a battery fire in a lithium iron phosphate energy storage power station can cause liquid splash, and is accompanied by toxic and easy-to-burn gas fog. The space design of the battery and the inner wall of the battery module shell is to consider that the splashing situation of the liquid can be limited in the battery module shell, but not in a battery prefabrication cabin which splashes, and meanwhile, the liquid can not splash to the meshes of a blocking mesh area, so that the space between the battery and the inner wall of the battery module shell has the minimum space consideration, and after a plurality of experiments, when the top space is more than 50cm and the side space is more than 20cm, the situation that the liquid splashes to the area outside the battery module shell (namely, the battery prefabrication cabin) almost does not occur; of course, the distance is not suitable for being too large, the size of the whole battery module shell can be increased by too large, the volume of the battery prefabricated cabin is indirectly increased, the distance between the top and the side is preferably 50-80 cm, the distance between the side and the side is preferably 20-36 cm, and the distance is also more favorable for the fine water mist sprayed by the fine water mist spray nozzle to be diffused into the battery prefabricated cabin through the mesh area.
When the mesh area is designed, the design of a forbidden open area with the top of 15-20 cm is adopted, and certain rebound is considered when liquid splashes to the top of the battery module shell, if the side surface shielding is not available, the liquid is easy to splash to the outer area of the battery module shell through the mesh area, so that the effect of limiting the liquid splashing condition to the inside of the battery module shell is affected; through observation and multiple tests on the liquid splashing condition of the fire battery, the effect of designing the area with the forbidden holes is very obvious and effective.
When the battery is in fire, toxic and inflammable aerosol can accumulate in the battery module shell, and the temperature rise is accompanied with the increase of the aerosol, so that the explosion probability of the battery can be increased; therefore, it is desirable to allow these aerosols to exit the battery module housing while avoiding rapid increases in temperature as much as possible; aiming at the problem, a mesh area is designed, so that the aerosol can be rapidly discharged, and the temperature rising speed of the battery is reduced; meanwhile, when the water mist spray head is started, the water mist can be diffused into the battery prefabricated cabin through the mesh area, and the battery prefabricated cabin is cooled. Therefore, the aperture ratio of the mesh area is required to be too large to prevent liquid from splashing, and too small to facilitate the discharge of the aerosol; through observation and multiple experiments on the discharge condition of the aerosol, the aperture ratio of the open pore area is designed to be 20-30% (in the investigation area, the open pore hollowed-out area occupies the percentage of neps in the investigation area).
We have no mesh area on the side plate of the opening because the side surface is already provided with the opening and the ventilation function is already very sufficient; meanwhile, the water mist spray head is arranged in the opening area, so that the sprayed water mist is less likely to overflow from the side face; however, this is not said that the present area cannot be provided with mesh, and the mesh area may be provided with reference to other areas; it is not advisable to let the opening extend through the whole side, taking into account the splashing of the liquid.
Preferably, the distance between the two vertical edges of the opening and the two vertical edges of the side plate is 1/4 of the width of the side plate, and the aperture ratio of the mesh area is 25%; this value is the preferred value we have experimentally obtained.
Preferably, the battery module further comprises a water mist spray head, the water mist spray head stretches into the battery module shell from the opening, and the spraying direction of the water mist spray head faces to the area between the upper surface of the battery and the inner surface of the top plate of the battery module shell.
Specifically, the water mist spray head is of a flat fan-shaped structure, a row of nozzles are arranged on a fan-shaped curved surface along the arc direction, the spraying directions of all the nozzles are in a plane, and the plane is generally recommended to be parallel to the upper surface of the battery.
Compared with the existing common round spray head, the water mist spray head is designed, on one hand, the thickness of the whole water mist spray head is reduced, the water mist spray head can be smoothly installed in the battery module shell under the condition that the existing battery module shell is slightly changed, on the other hand, a row of spray nozzles are arranged along an arc line, so that the water mist can be rapidly distributed in the inner space of the battery module shell, and fan-shaped water mist with a certain thickness is sprayed out. If a common circular spray head is adopted, on one hand, the sprayed water mist is in an inverted cone shape, and most of the water mist can be sprayed on the inner wall of the battery module shell to form large water drops and water flow, so that the fire extinguishing effect of the water mist is lost; on the other hand, it is inconvenient to install into the battery module. The design of the water mist spray head and the arrangement of the spray direction of the spray nozzle enable the generated water mist to be rapidly diffused in the battery module shell, and meanwhile, the water mist can be easily diffused out of the mesh area, so that the water accumulation amount on the battery is reduced, and the battery is protected to a certain extent. Regarding the standard of the water mist, reference is made to the relevant fire-fighting standard in China.
Preferably, the plane where the spraying directions of all the nozzles are positioned is parallel to the upper surface of the battery, and the plane is in the range of 2cm above and below the upper surface of the battery and the middle layer of the inner surface of the top plate of the battery module shell, so that the fine water mist can be more easily and uniformly diffused.
Preferably, the central angle corresponding to the fan-shaped curved surface of the water mist spray head is 100-180 degrees.
Preferably, the nozzle is circular.
Specifically, after the water mist spray head stretches into the battery module shell from the center of the opening, the opening has an unblocked area.
The beneficial effects are that: according to the lithium iron phosphate energy storage power station battery module structure protected by the water mist fire extinguishing technology, water mist can be sprayed into the battery module shell when a fire disaster occurs, the water mist fire extinguishing technology is an effective method for extinguishing the fire disaster of the battery prefabricated cabin of the lithium iron phosphate energy storage power station, and the battery can not be damaged, so that the fire disaster of the battery prefabricated cabin of the lithium iron phosphate energy storage power station can be extinguished quickly; the scheme firstly designs an idea of spraying the water mist from one side face and diffusing the water mist from other side faces, and solves the problem that the water mist easily encounters a solid structure in the lithium iron phosphate battery module to become water flow and damage a battery; then, a battery module shell and a water mist spray head structure are designed, and the problem of installation of the spray head in a narrow space is solved under the condition that the existing battery module shell is not greatly changed; the water mist diffused outside the battery module shell can also help to realize the fire extinguishing problem of other objects in the prefabricated cabin; because the water source is adopted for extinguishing fire, the fire extinguishing device with rapid response can effectively avoid various combustible gases generated by the lithium iron phosphate battery module due to thermal runaway and avoid other continuous problems generated by the fact that the combustible gases cannot be detected as soon as possible.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic perspective view of a battery module case (top plate not shown);
fig. 3 is a schematic top view of the battery module case (top plate not shown);
FIG. 4 is a schematic side panel view of an opening;
FIG. 5 is a schematic side panel view of a mesh area;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a top view of a fine mist spray head and the fine mist sprayed therefrom;
FIG. 7 is a schematic side view of a fine mist nozzle;
FIG. 8 is another schematic side view of a fine mist head;
The drawings include: 1-a battery; 2-a battery module case; 3-a fine water mist nozzle; 4-opening; 5-mesh region; 6-the inner surface of the top plate of the battery module shell, 3-1-a nozzle; 3-2 pipe network connectors; 3-3-fine water mist sprayed by the fine water mist spray nozzle.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, the battery module structure of the lithium iron phosphate energy storage power station, which is protected by using a water mist fire extinguishing technology, comprises a battery module shell 2 and a water mist spray head 3, wherein a battery 1 is arranged on the inner side of the battery module shell 2, the distance between the upper surface of the battery 1 and the inner surface of a top plate of the battery module shell 2 is 50cm, and the distance between the side surface of the battery 1 and the inner surface of a side plate of the battery module shell 2 is 20cm.
As shown in fig. 4, an opening 4 is arranged on one side plate of the battery module shell 2, the top edge of the opening 4 is in accordance with the height of the inner surface of the top plate of the battery module shell 2, the bottom edge of the opening 4 is in accordance with the height of the upper surface of the battery 1, and the distance between two vertical edges of the opening 4 and two vertical edges of the side plate is 1/4 of the width of the side plate; the water mist head 3 protrudes into the battery module case 2 from the opening 4, and the spraying direction of the water mist head 3 is directed toward the region between the upper surface of the battery 1 and the inner surface of the top plate of the battery module case 2.
As shown in fig. 5, mesh areas 5 are provided on the other side plates of the battery module case 2, the bottom edges of the mesh areas 5 are in accordance with the height of the upper surface of the battery 1, the top edges of the mesh areas 5 are 15-20 cm lower than the height of the inner surface of the top plate of the battery module case 2, the two vertical edges of the mesh areas 5 are in accordance with the two vertical edges of the side plates, and the aperture ratio of the mesh areas 5 is 25%.
As shown in fig. 6,7 and 8, the water mist spray head 3 has a flat fan-shaped structure, a row of nozzles 3-1 are arranged on a fan-shaped curved surface along an arc direction, the spraying directions of all the nozzles 3-1 (which can be generally arranged in a certain area along the radius direction of the fan-shaped curved surface) are all in a plane, the plane is parallel to the upper surface of the battery 1, and the upper surface of the battery 1 and the upper and lower 1cm range of the middle layer of the inner surface of the top plate of the battery module shell 2 are arranged. The central angle corresponding to the fan-shaped curved surface of the fine water mist spray head 3 is 100-180 degrees. The nozzle 3-1 is circular. The water mist spray head 3 is connected with a pipe network through a pipe network connector 3-2, and the water mist spray 3-3 sprayed by the water mist spray head is fan-shaped water mist with a certain thickness.
After the water mist spray head 3 stretches into the battery module shell 2 from the center of the opening 4, an unsealed area exists in the opening 4.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the invention, it being noted that: it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention, and such modifications and adaptations are intended to be comprehended within the scope of the invention.
Claims (4)
1. A lithium iron phosphate energy storage power station battery module structure protected by a water mist fire extinguishing technology is characterized in that: the battery module comprises a battery module shell (2), wherein a battery (1) is arranged on the inner side of the battery module shell (2), the distance between the upper surface of the battery (1) and the inner surface of a top plate of the battery module shell (2) is greater than or equal to 50cm, and the distance between the side surface of the battery (1) and the inner surface of a side plate of the battery module shell (2) is greater than or equal to 20cm;
An opening (4) is formed in one side plate of the battery module shell (2), the top edge of the opening (4) is consistent with the height of the inner surface of the top plate of the battery module shell (2), the bottom edge of the opening (4) is consistent with the height of the upper surface of the battery (1) or is higher than the height of the upper surface of the battery (1), and the distance between two vertical edges of the opening (4) and two vertical edges of the side plate is 1/5-1/3 of the width of the side plate;
the other side plates of the battery module shell (2) are provided with mesh areas (5), the bottom edges of the mesh areas (5) are in the same height as the upper surface of the battery (1) or higher than the upper surface of the battery (1), the top edges of the mesh areas (5) are lower than the inner surface of the top plate of the battery module shell (2) by 15-20 cm, the two vertical edges of the mesh areas (5) are in the same height as the two vertical edges of the side plate, and the aperture ratio of the mesh areas (5) is 20-30%;
the distance between the two vertical edges of the opening (4) and the two vertical edges of the side plate is 1/4 of the width of the side plate, and the aperture ratio of the mesh area (5) is 25%;
The battery module comprises a battery module shell (2) and is characterized by further comprising a water mist spray head (3), wherein the water mist spray head (3) stretches into the battery module shell (2) from an opening (4), and the spraying direction of the water mist spray head (3) faces to a region between the upper surface of the battery (1) and the inner surface of the top plate of the battery module shell (2); the water mist spray head (3) is of a flat fan-shaped structure, a row of spray nozzles (3-1) are arranged on a fan-shaped curved surface along the arc direction, and the spray directions of all the spray nozzles (3-1) are all in a plane.
2. The lithium iron phosphate energy storage power station battery module structure protected by the water mist fire extinguishing technology according to claim 1, wherein the battery module structure is characterized in that: the plane of the spraying direction of all the nozzles (3-1) is parallel to the upper surface of the battery (1), and the plane is in the range of 2cm above and below the upper surface of the battery (1) and the middle layer of the inner surface of the top plate of the battery module shell (2).
3. The lithium iron phosphate energy storage power station battery module structure protected by the water mist fire extinguishing technology according to claim 1, wherein the battery module structure is characterized in that: the nozzle (3-1) is circular.
4. The lithium iron phosphate energy storage power station battery module structure protected by the water mist fire extinguishing technology according to claim 1, wherein the battery module structure is characterized in that: after the water mist spray head (3) stretches into the battery module shell (2) from the center of the opening (4), the opening (4) is provided with an unblocked area.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910751609.5A CN110496334B (en) | 2019-08-14 | 2019-08-14 | Lithium iron phosphate energy storage power station battery module structure protected by water mist fire extinguishing technology |
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| CN201910751609.5A CN110496334B (en) | 2019-08-14 | 2019-08-14 | Lithium iron phosphate energy storage power station battery module structure protected by water mist fire extinguishing technology |
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| CN110507928B (en) * | 2019-08-16 | 2023-05-12 | 国网江苏省电力有限公司 | Water mist fire extinguishing system and fire extinguishing method for battery prefabricated cabin of lithium iron phosphate energy storage power station |
| CN112090006B (en) * | 2020-11-10 | 2021-02-09 | 国网江苏省电力有限公司经济技术研究院 | Fire control system and method for prefabricated cabin |
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