CN211215076U - Combined fire extinguishing system for battery prefabricated cabin of lithium iron phosphate energy storage power station - Google Patents
Combined fire extinguishing system for battery prefabricated cabin of lithium iron phosphate energy storage power station Download PDFInfo
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- CN211215076U CN211215076U CN201921334518.3U CN201921334518U CN211215076U CN 211215076 U CN211215076 U CN 211215076U CN 201921334518 U CN201921334518 U CN 201921334518U CN 211215076 U CN211215076 U CN 211215076U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a combined fire extinguishing system for a battery prefabricated cabin of a lithium iron phosphate energy storage power station, wherein a water mist spray head is arranged in each battery module in the battery prefabricated cabin, and all the water mist spray heads are connected to a water mist fire extinguishing device through a pipe network to form a water mist fire extinguishing system; the gas fire extinguishing system nozzles are arranged in the battery prefabricated cabin at the same time, the gas fire extinguishing system nozzles are arranged in the battery prefabricated cabin in a full-flooding application fire extinguishing mode, and all the gas fire extinguishing system nozzles are connected to a gas fire extinguishing device through a pipe network to form a gas fire extinguishing system. The utility model discloses can effectively put out lithium iron phosphate energy storage power station battery prefabricated cabin conflagration, and do not have any substantive influence to the battery module that does not catch a fire in the prefabricated cabin, can continue to use after handling the recovery, solve the fire control safety problem of the new forms of energy lithium cell application field that is called world difficult problem at present; the fire extinguishing speed is high, and the battery thermal runaway can be effectively inhibited from continuing to avoid re-burning.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a combined fire extinguishing system and a fire extinguishing method for a battery prefabricated cabin of a lithium iron phosphate energy storage power station, which belong to the public-fire fighting technology.
Background
The lithium iron phosphate battery has the advantages of high energy density, high output voltage, long cycle life, small environmental pollution and the like, and is widely used in various electronic equipment, electric automobiles and electrochemical energy storage. The accumulated loading capacity of the lithium iron phosphate energy storage power station is steadily increased, the loading capacity exceeds 2000MW by 2020, the annual growth rate is close to 70%, once a fire disaster occurs, the reliability and safety of power supply are seriously damaged, and the social influence and harm are great. At present, no fire extinguishing method capable of effectively extinguishing fire disasters of the battery prefabricated cabin of the lithium iron phosphate energy storage power station exists in the world, and a large number of internal and external energy storage power station battery prefabricated cabin fire disasters are proved well.
At present, the fire extinguishing method of the battery prefabricated cabin of the domestic and foreign lithium iron phosphate energy storage power station mainly adopts a gas fire extinguishing system to extinguish fire in a full-submerged mode, but the fire extinguishing method can only extinguish open fire, cannot inhibit the continuous occurrence of thermal runaway of the lithium iron phosphate battery, can reburn after a few minutes and is deflagration. The fire is larger, so the method cannot effectively extinguish the fire of the battery prefabricated cabin of the lithium iron phosphate energy storage power station.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
Utility model purpose: in order to solve the problem that prior art can not effectively put out a fire, the utility model provides a combination fire extinguishing systems and fire extinguishing method to lithium iron phosphate energy storage power station battery prefabricated cabin.
The technical scheme is as follows: in order to achieve the above object, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:
a combined fire extinguishing system for a battery prefabricated cabin of a lithium iron phosphate energy storage power station is characterized in that more than one water mist spray head is installed in each battery module in the battery prefabricated cabin, and all the water mist spray heads are connected to a water mist fire extinguishing device through a pipe network to form a water mist fire extinguishing system; the gas fire extinguishing system nozzles are arranged in the battery prefabricated cabin at the same time, the gas fire extinguishing system nozzles are arranged in the battery prefabricated cabin in a full-flooding application fire extinguishing mode, and all the gas fire extinguishing system nozzles are connected to a gas fire extinguishing device through a pipe network to form a gas fire extinguishing system.
Specifically, the gas fire extinguishing system is a hexafluoropropane (HFC-236fa) fire extinguishing system or a heptafluoropropane (HFC-227ea) fire extinguishing system.
Specifically, the battery module comprises a battery module shell, the battery is arranged in the battery module shell, the distance from the upper surface of the battery to the inner surface of the top plate of the battery module shell is more than or equal to 50cm, and the distance from the side surface of the battery to the inner surface of the side plate of the battery module shell is more than or equal to 20 cm; one side plate of the battery module shell is provided with an opening, and the other side plates of the battery module shell are provided with mesh areas; the top edge of the opening is consistent with the height of the inner surface of the top plate of the battery module shell, and the bottom edge of the opening is not lower than the upper surface of the battery; the mesh area spans the whole width of the side plate, the top edge of the mesh area is 15-20 cm lower than the inner surface of the top plate of the battery module shell, and the bottom edge of the mesh area is not lower than the upper surface of the battery; the water mist spray head extends into the battery module shell from the opening, and the spraying direction of the water mist spray head faces to the area between the upper surface of the battery and the inner surface of the top plate of the battery module shell.
Specifically, the distance between the upper surface of the battery and the inner surface of the top plate of the battery module shell is greater than or equal to 50cm, the distance between the side surface of the battery and the inner surface of the side plate of the battery module shell is greater than or equal to 20cm, and the aperture ratio of the mesh area is 20-30%.
Compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages that the existing battery module shell is subjected to the treatment of opening and punching to form the mesh area, the distance between the battery and the inner wall of the battery module shell is limited, and other processes are not performed on the existing battery module shell. The situation that electrolyte splashes when a battery in a lithium iron phosphate energy storage power station is out of control due to thermal runaway to fire is known, and toxic and inflammable gases are accompanied. The design of the distance between the battery and the inner wall of the battery module shell is that the situation of electrolyte splashing can be limited in the battery module shell, the electrolyte cannot splash to the mesh blocking the mesh area, and therefore the distance between the battery and the inner wall of the battery module shell is considered to be the minimum distance, and after a plurality of tests, when the distance between the top part of the battery and the inner wall of the battery module shell is larger than 50cm and the distance between the side surfaces of the battery and the inner wall of the battery module shell is larger than 20cm, the situation that the electrolyte splashes to the area (namely the inside of the battery module shell) outside the battery module shell is almost avoided; certainly, this interval is also not fit for too big, and too big can increase the size of whole battery module shell, has increased the volume in prefabricated cabin of battery indirectly, and we propose that the top interval is more suitable at 50 ~ 80cm, side interval at 20 ~ 36cm, and this interval also relatively does benefit to the water mist that water mist shower nozzle jetted and can permeate the mesh district and spread to the prefabricated cabin of battery.
When a mesh area is designed, a hole opening forbidding area with the top of 15-20 cm is designed, and the situation that electrolyte splashes to the top of a battery module shell can rebound to some extent is considered, if the battery module shell is not shielded by the side face, the electrolyte splashes to the outer area of the battery module shell through the mesh area easily, and the effect that the electrolyte splashing condition is limited to the inner part of the battery module shell is influenced; through observation and multiple tests of electrolyte splashing conditions of the battery in fire, the effect of the design forbidding the hole opening area is very obvious and effective.
When a battery is in a fire, toxic and inflammable gases are accumulated in a battery module shell, and the probability of explosion of the battery module can be increased along with the increase of the gas concentration due to the increase of the temperature; it is therefore desirable to allow these gases to escape the battery module housing while avoiding as much as possible rapid temperature increases; aiming at the problem, a mesh area is designed, so that gas can be rapidly exhausted, and the temperature rise speed of the battery is reduced; meanwhile, when the water mist spray head starts, water mist can be diffused into the battery prefabricated cabin through the mesh area to cool the battery prefabricated cabin. Therefore, the aperture ratio of the mesh area is required to a certain extent, the mesh area is too large to achieve the purpose of preventing the electrolyte from splashing, and the mesh area is too small to facilitate the gas discharge; through the observation and the multiple tests of the gas discharge condition, the opening rate of the opening area is designed to be 20-30% (in the investigation area, the hollow area of the opening accounts for the percentage of neps in the investigation area).
The mesh area is not designed on the side plate of the opening, because the side surface is provided with the opening, and the ventilation function is sufficient; meanwhile, the water mist spray head is arranged at the opening area, and the sprayed water mist is less likely to overflow from the side surface; however, this area is not limited to the area where the mesh can be set, and the mesh area may be set with reference to other areas; it is not recommended to have the opening extend through the entire side surface in consideration of the splashing of the electrolyte.
Specifically, thin water smoke shower nozzle is flat fan-shaped structure, is provided with one row of nozzles along pitch arc direction on fan-shaped curved surface, and all nozzles of general design are spouted the direction and all in a plane, further can design this plane in the upper and lower 2cm within range in battery upper surface and battery module shell roof internal surface intermediate layer. By adopting the water mist spray head, one water mist spray head is generally arranged in each battery module shell.
For present ordinary circular shower nozzle, we have designed thin water smoke shower nozzle, be on the one hand in order to reduce the thickness of whole thin water smoke shower nozzle, make it can install in the battery module shell smoothly under the little circumstances of change to current battery module shell, on the other hand sets up one row of nozzle along the pitch arc and also can let thin water smoke distribute battery module shell inner space rapidly, and what it jetted is the thin water smoke of sector that has certain thickness. If a common circular nozzle is adopted, on one hand, the sprayed water mist is in an inverted cone shape, most of the water mist can be sprayed onto the inner wall of the shell of the battery module to form large water drops and water flow, and the fire extinguishing effect of the water mist is lost; on the other hand, it is inconvenient to install into the battery module. The design of the water mist spray head and the arrangement of the spraying direction of the nozzle of the water mist spray head enable the generated water mist to be rapidly diffused in the shell of the battery module, and simultaneously, the water mist can be easily diffused out from a mesh area, so that the water accumulation amount of the water mist spray head on the battery is reduced, and the battery is protected to a certain degree. Regarding the standard of the water mist, the relevant fire-fighting standard of China is referred.
A combined fire extinguishing method for a fire extinguishing system of a battery prefabricated cabin of a lithium iron phosphate energy storage power station comprises the following steps:
(1) when any battery module in the battery prefabricated cabin is on fire, the gas fire extinguishing system is started, all nozzles of the gas fire extinguishing system spray fire extinguishing agents, and fire is extinguished in a full-flooding application fire extinguishing mode; then, starting a water mist fire extinguishing system, spraying water mist by water mist spray heads in all battery modules in the whole battery prefabricated cabin, and extinguishing fire in a local application fire extinguishing mode, wherein on one hand, the fire of the battery modules on fire is extinguished, and on the other hand, the battery modules without fire are cooled and protected, so that thermal runaway and fire spread are prevented;
(2) after the gas fire extinguishing system finishes extinguishing open fire in advance, the water mist spray heads continuously spray water mist, so that on one hand, the fire is continuously suppressed from reigniting, on the other hand, the water mist can diffuse in the battery prefabricated cabin, and other areas in the whole battery prefabricated cabin are extinguished or the thermal runaway is suppressed in a full-flooding application fire extinguishing mode;
(3) and after the fire extinguishing is finished, closing the water mist fire extinguishing system, resetting the water mist fire extinguishing system for standby, and resetting the gas fire extinguishing system for standby.
The other combined fire extinguishing method for the fire extinguishing system of the lithium iron phosphate energy storage power station battery prefabricated cabin comprises the following steps:
(1) when other areas except the battery module in the battery prefabricated cabin are on fire, the gas fire extinguishing system is started, all nozzles of the gas fire extinguishing system spray fire extinguishing agents, and fire is extinguished in a full-flooding application fire extinguishing mode;
(2) after open fire is extinguished, the water mist fire extinguishing system is started, and water mist is sprayed by the water mist spray heads in all the battery modules in the whole battery prefabricated cabin, so that on one hand, fire is extinguished in a local application fire extinguishing mode, thermal runaway is continuously inhibited, re-burning is prevented, on the other hand, the water mist can be diffused in the battery prefabricated cabin, and thermal runaway in other areas in the whole battery prefabricated cabin is inhibited in a full-flooding application fire extinguishing mode;
(3) and after the fire extinguishing is finished, closing the water mist fire extinguishing system, resetting the water mist fire extinguishing system for standby, and resetting the gas fire extinguishing system for standby.
In this alternative mode, it is not necessary to perform the steps (2) and (3), and the fire extinguishing method is the same as the existing fire extinguishing method; the addition of the steps (2) and (3) belongs to a processing mode of safety enhancement.
Has the advantages that: the utility model provides a fire extinguishing system and fire extinguishing method to lithium iron phosphate energy storage power station battery prefabricated cabin can effectively put out lithium iron phosphate energy storage power station battery prefabricated cabin conflagration, and do not have any substantive influence to the battery module that does not catch a fire in the prefabricated cabin, can continue to use after the processing resumes, has solved the fire control safety problem of the new forms of energy lithium cell application field that is called world difficult problem at present; the fire extinguishing speed is high, and the battery thermal runaway is effectively inhibited from continuing to avoid re-burning.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a battery module;
fig. 3 is a schematic perspective view of a battery module housing (the top plate is not shown);
FIG. 4 is a schematic top view of the water mist head and the water mist sprayed therefrom;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing a side view of a water mist head;
the figure includes: 1-a battery prefabricated cabin; 2-water mist fire extinguishing system pipe network; 3-a battery module; 4-opening; 5-a mesh zone; 6-water mist spray head; 6-1-nozzle; 6-2-pipe network connector; 6-3-spraying the fine water mist from the fine water mist spray head; 7-gas fire extinguishing system pipe network; 8-gas fire extinguishing system spray head.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, a combined fire extinguishing system for a battery prefabricated cabin of a lithium iron phosphate energy storage power station is provided, wherein a water mist spray head 6 is arranged in each battery module 3 in the battery prefabricated cabin 1, and all the water mist spray heads 6 are connected to a water mist fire extinguishing device through a water mist fire extinguishing system pipe network 2 to form a water mist fire extinguishing system; gas fire extinguishing system shower nozzle 8 has been arranged simultaneously in prefabricated cabin 1 of battery, and gas fire extinguishing system shower nozzle 8 arranges in prefabricated cabin 1 of battery with the full-submerged application fire extinguishing mode, and all gas fire extinguishing system shower nozzles 8 are connected to gas fire extinguishing system device through gas fire extinguishing system pipe network 7 and form gas fire extinguishing system. The gas fire extinguishing system is a hexafluoropropane (HFC-236fa) fire extinguishing system or a heptafluoropropane (HFC-227ea) fire extinguishing system.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the battery module 3 includes a battery module housing, the battery is disposed in the battery module housing, the distance from the upper surface of the battery to the inner surface of the top plate of the battery module housing is greater than or equal to 50cm, and the distance from the side surface of the battery to the inner surface of the side plate of the battery module housing is greater than or equal to 20 cm; one side plate of the battery module shell is provided with an opening 4, and the other side plates of the battery module shell are provided with a mesh area 5; the top edge of the opening 4 is consistent with the height of the inner surface of the top plate of the battery module shell, and the bottom edge of the opening 4 is not lower than the upper surface of the battery; the mesh area 5 spans the whole width of the side plate, the top edge of the mesh area 5 is 15-20 cm lower than the inner surface of the top plate of the battery module shell, and the bottom edge of the mesh area 5 is not lower than the upper surface of the battery; the water mist spray head 6 extends into the battery module shell from the opening 4, and the spraying direction of the water mist spray head 6 faces to the area between the upper surface of the battery and the inner surface of the top plate of the battery module shell. The distance between the upper surface of the battery and the inner surface of the top plate of the battery module shell is greater than or equal to 50cm, the distance between the side surface of the battery and the inner surface of the side plate of the battery module shell is greater than or equal to 20cm, and the opening rate of the mesh area 5 is 25%.
As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the water mist nozzle 6 is of a flat fan-shaped structure, a row of nozzles 6-1 are arranged on a fan-shaped curved surface along an arc direction, and the spraying directions of all the nozzles 6-1 are in a plane within 2cm from top to bottom of the upper surface of the battery and the middle layer of the inner surface of the top plate of the battery module shell. The water mist spray head 6 is connected with a water mist fire extinguishing system pipe network 2 through a pipe network connector 6-2, and the water mist 6-3 sprayed by the water mist spray head 6 is a sector water mist with a certain thickness.
A combined fire extinguishing method based on the fire extinguishing system for the lithium iron phosphate energy storage power station battery prefabricated cabin is divided into two rescue conditions according to whether a battery module 3 is on fire:
in the first situation, any battery module 3 in the battery prefabricated cabin 1 is on fire and rescued according to the following steps:
(1) when any battery module 3 in the battery prefabricated cabin 1 is on fire, the gas fire extinguishing system is started, all the gas fire extinguishing system nozzles 8 spray fire extinguishing agents, and fire is extinguished in a full-flooding application fire extinguishing mode; then, the water mist fire extinguishing system is started, and water mist is sprayed by the water mist spray nozzles 6 in all the battery modules 3 in the whole battery prefabricated cabin 1 to extinguish fire in a local application fire extinguishing mode, so that on one hand, the fire of the battery modules 3 which are on fire is extinguished, and on the other hand, the battery modules 3 which are not on fire are cooled and protected, and thermal runaway and fire spread are prevented;
(2) after the gas fire extinguishing system finishes extinguishing open fire in advance, the water mist spray nozzles 6 continuously spray water mist, so that on one hand, the thermal runaway is continuously inhibited to prevent the re-burning, on the other hand, the water mist can diffuse in the battery prefabricated cabin 1, and the fire extinguishing mode is fully submerged to extinguish the fire or inhibit the thermal runaway in other areas in the whole battery prefabricated cabin 1;
(3) and after the fire extinguishing is finished, closing the water mist fire extinguishing system, resetting the water mist fire extinguishing system for standby, and resetting the gas fire extinguishing system for standby.
And in the second situation, after other areas except the battery module 3 in the battery prefabricated cabin 1 are on fire, rescuing according to the following steps:
(1) when other areas except the battery module 3 in the battery prefabricated cabin 1 are on fire, the gas fire extinguishing system is started, all the gas fire extinguishing system nozzles 8 spray fire extinguishing agents, and fire is extinguished in a full-flooding application fire extinguishing mode;
(2) after open fire is extinguished, the water mist fire extinguishing system is started, and water mist is sprayed by the water mist spray heads 6 in all the battery modules 3 in the whole battery prefabricated cabin 1, so that on one hand, fire is extinguished in a local application fire extinguishing mode, thermal runaway is continuously inhibited, re-burning is prevented, on the other hand, the water mist can be diffused in the battery prefabricated cabin 1, and thermal runaway in other areas in the whole battery prefabricated cabin 1 is inhibited in a full-flooding application fire extinguishing mode;
(3) and after the fire extinguishing is finished, closing the water mist fire extinguishing system, resetting the water mist fire extinguishing system for standby, and resetting the gas fire extinguishing system for standby.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that: for those skilled in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and modifications can be made, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides a combination fire extinguishing system to prefabricated cabin of lithium iron phosphate energy storage power station battery which characterized in that: each battery module in the battery prefabricated cabin is internally provided with a fine water mist spray head, and all the fine water mist spray heads are connected to a fine water mist fire extinguishing device through a pipe network; the gas fire extinguishing system nozzles are arranged in the battery prefabricated cabin at the same time, the gas fire extinguishing system nozzles are arranged in the battery prefabricated cabin in a full-flooding application fire extinguishing mode, and all the gas fire extinguishing system nozzles are connected to a gas fire extinguishing device through a pipe network.
2. The combined fire suppression system for the lithium iron phosphate energy storage power station battery prefabricated cabin as recited in claim 1, wherein: the gas fire extinguishing system is a hexafluoropropane fire extinguishing system or a heptafluoropropane fire extinguishing system.
3. The combined fire suppression system for the lithium iron phosphate energy storage power station battery prefabricated cabin as recited in claim 1, wherein: the battery module comprises a battery module shell, a battery is arranged in the battery module shell, the distance from the upper surface of the battery to the inner surface of the top plate of the battery module shell is more than or equal to 50cm, and the distance from the side surface of the battery to the inner surface of the side plate of the battery module shell is more than or equal to 20 cm; one side plate of the battery module shell is provided with an opening, and the other side plates of the battery module shell are provided with mesh areas; the top edge of the opening is consistent with the height of the inner surface of the top plate of the battery module shell, and the bottom edge of the opening is not lower than the upper surface of the battery; the mesh area spans the whole width of the side plate, the top edge of the mesh area is 15-20 cm lower than the inner surface of the top plate of the battery module shell, and the bottom edge of the mesh area is not lower than the upper surface of the battery; the water mist spray head extends into the battery module shell from the opening, and the spraying direction of the water mist spray head faces to the area between the upper surface of the battery and the inner surface of the top plate of the battery module shell.
4. The combined fire suppression system for the lithium iron phosphate energy storage power station battery prefabricated cabin as recited in claim 3, characterized in that: the distance between the upper surface of the battery and the inner surface of the top plate of the battery module shell is greater than or equal to 50cm, the distance between the side surface of the battery and the inner surface of the side plate of the battery module shell is greater than or equal to 20cm, and the aperture ratio of the mesh hole area is 20-30%.
5. The combined fire suppression system for the lithium iron phosphate energy storage power station battery prefabricated cabin as recited in claim 3, characterized in that: the water mist spray head is of a flat fan-shaped structure, and a row of nozzles are arranged on the fan-shaped curved surface along the arc direction.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110496335A (en) * | 2019-08-16 | 2019-11-26 | 国网江苏省电力有限公司 | For the combination fire extinguishing system and extinguishing method of LiFePO4 energy-accumulating power station battery prefabricated cabin |
| CN112090006A (en) * | 2020-11-10 | 2020-12-18 | 国网江苏省电力有限公司经济技术研究院 | Fire control system and method for prefabricated cabin |
| CN112604203A (en) * | 2020-12-21 | 2021-04-06 | 中国科学技术大学 | Fire extinguishing method for new energy automobile |
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2019
- 2019-08-16 CN CN201921334518.3U patent/CN211215076U/en active Active
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110496335A (en) * | 2019-08-16 | 2019-11-26 | 国网江苏省电力有限公司 | For the combination fire extinguishing system and extinguishing method of LiFePO4 energy-accumulating power station battery prefabricated cabin |
| CN110496335B (en) * | 2019-08-16 | 2023-06-13 | 国网江苏省电力有限公司 | Combined fire extinguishing system and fire extinguishing method for battery prefabricated cabin of lithium iron phosphate energy storage power station |
| CN112090006A (en) * | 2020-11-10 | 2020-12-18 | 国网江苏省电力有限公司经济技术研究院 | Fire control system and method for prefabricated cabin |
| CN112090006B (en) * | 2020-11-10 | 2021-02-09 | 国网江苏省电力有限公司经济技术研究院 | Fire control system and method for prefabricated cabin |
| CN112604203A (en) * | 2020-12-21 | 2021-04-06 | 中国科学技术大学 | Fire extinguishing method for new energy automobile |
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