KR20220044007A - Battery swapping method for electric truck - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an electric truck battery replacement method and, more specifically, to a method of charging an electric truck by replacing a battery of the electric truck with another battery, which is pre-charged in a charging space, in a replacement space for a short time so as to supply a large amount of electric energy required for the electric truck transporting a heavy object. In the case of a small electric truck, since a battery is fixed to the vehicle and an electric wire is directly connected to the vehicle to charge the battery, the electric truck cannot be driven during the charging time, which can result in a driving loss, and cannot be driven for a long time, which can lead to inconvenience, and also, in the case of a large electric truck including a trailer, the large electric truck cannot satisfy a required massive battery charging amount and is still on a development stage while not being able to be commercialized. The electric truck battery replacement method can fundamentally solve these charging issues as well as can save electricity costs for electric trucks by charging an electric truck with low-cost surplus electricity generated from a battery during a midnight period, and can enable a separated battery to be used an ESS for a domestic power grid supplying backup power for preventing a blackout of a power station during a maximum electricity consumption demand period.

Description

{Battery swapping method for electric truck}

The present invention relates to a battery replacement method for an electric truck, and more specifically, the present invention relates to an electric truck by replacing a battery previously charged in a charging space in a short time in a replacement space so as to supply a lot of electric energy required for an electric truck carrying heavy goods. As a way to charge the vehicle, small electric trucks fix the battery to the vehicle and connect the electric wire directly to the vehicle to charge, so the electric truck cannot be operated during the charging time, resulting in loss of operation, inconvenient to travel long distances, and inconvenient to use a trailer. Including large electric trucks can not be put into practical use because they cannot handle the huge amount of battery charge required, and it not only fundamentally solves the charging problem of electric trucks that are still in the development stage, but also uses the separated battery to reduce the cheap surplus electricity generated at night time. Electric truck battery replacement method that can be used as an ESS device in the national power grid to reduce electricity costs for electric trucks by utilizing and charging, and to supply reserve power to prevent blackout of power plants during peak demand hours of electricity consumption with a separate battery is about

To this end, the invention makes a battery combining unit that combines or separates the battery in the lower part of the electric truck to create a separation structure that replaces the battery in the electric truck, and the separated battery is an autonomous driving moving device and a driving plane between the replacement space and the charging space The battery automatically moves to the charging terminal by moving it vertically while automatically accurately adjusting the position of the battery using a wire by installing a traction device in the battery combination unit and charging room, and installing a wire holder on the battery. It relates to a battery replacement method for an electric truck that can be combined and separated to automatically replace and charge the battery in about 1 minute without the help of an external device.

A large electric truck requires a huge battery of about 500 kwh, and it takes a huge amount of time to charge it, so a large electric truck is still not put to practical use.

Large electric trucks use about 2 kwh of electricity for 1 km of electric energy because their vehicles are large and heavy, and use about 10 times more electricity than ordinary passenger cars that use about 0.2 kwh of electricity for 1 km of driving. A battery of 500 kwh or more is required to secure a driving range of more than 500 kwh.

When charging an electric truck battery with a capacity of 500kwh with a slow charger of 7kw per hour using an electric cable, it takes more than 71 hours to charge, and 2.5 hours or more is required even with a fast charger of 200kw per hour. The practical use of electric trucks is delayed because it is impossible to charge the electric truck during a brief rest period, which causes a fundamental problem in the commercial operation of electric trucks.

If you make it possible to replace the battery of an electric truck at a low cost in about 1 minute, the battery replacement time will be shorter than the refueling time. It will dramatically improve the global environment by solving the pollution problem.

In the case of a large truck carrying heavy loads and running long distances, it is structured in a structure in which five 100kwh batteries each weighing about 400kg are exchanged. They can be replaced and operated at the same time.

In addition, if the separated discharged batteries are collected in a charging space and charged using inexpensive surplus power, the economic feasibility can be increased by reducing the charging cost, and the charging time is systematically managed so that the charging load is not overloaded to prevent the occurrence of maximum electricity demand. The stability and efficiency of the national power grid are also greatly improved.

If the electric truck drives autonomously, the battery will move and the battery of the autonomous electric truck will be automatically replaced, further enhancing the convenience of autonomous driving.

Solves the problem of not being able to run for a long time in battery charging, which is the biggest obstacle to the spread of electric trucks replacing engine trucks that emit fine dust and carbon dioxide, causing global warming and climate change, and charging with cheap surplus electricity Therefore, there is a need for a new electric truck battery charging method that can secure economic feasibility and increase the stability and efficiency of existing power generation facilities.

The problem to be solved by the present invention is an electric truck capable of automatically replacing the battery of an electric truck in a shorter time than the refueling time of an engine truck so as to solve the inconvenience of not being able to drive the vehicle during the charging time, which is the greatest problem of the electric truck. To provide a battery replacement method.

Another problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a battery replacement method for an electric truck that does not rely on power only on a tractor towed by a detachable heavy-duty truck that transports heavy goods.

Another problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an electric truck battery replacement method that can increase the economic feasibility of an electric truck by charging the battery using cheap surplus electricity that is produced but not consumed constantly by the generator.

Another object to be solved by the present invention is to provide an electric truck battery replacement method capable of efficiently recycling the battery by minimizing environmental pollution caused by the battery removed in the scrap car step.

In order to achieve the above-described problem, the present invention is an electric truck that installs a battery coupling unit in the lower part of a vehicle body to combine and separate a battery to replace a battery, and the electric truck is driven by electricity supplied from the battery. A driving step of entering the replacement space for replacing the battery, a separation step of separating the battery discharged using electricity in the driving step from the replacement space to the lower part of the electric truck, and the separated battery using a wheel A first moving step of moving out of the lower part of the electric truck to a charging space with a moving unit including a charging step of charging the battery using electricity supplied from a power plant in the charging space; Electricity consisting of a second moving step of moving from the charging space to the lower part of the electric truck in the replacement space using a moving unit, and a combining step of lifting the battery located under the electric truck and coupling it to the battery combining unit We can provide a way to replace the truck battery.

In addition, the coupling step includes a battery positioning step of positioning the battery under the battery coupling unit, and lowering a wire wound on a towing device installed in the electric truck to connect the wire with a wire holder attached to the battery. a position adjustment step of lifting the battery in the air with the wire and adjusting the battery to a position where the battery is inserted into the battery coupling unit of the electric truck by gravity; an insertion step of being inserted into the battery coupling unit; is made of

In addition, the wire connection step includes a wire weight insertion step of inserting a wire weight connected to the wire coming down through a pulley in the traction device installed in the electric truck into a wire weight hole inside the wire holder attached to the battery, and the It consists of a wire weight fixing step of closing the sliding cover covering the wire holder to fix the center of the wire to which the wire weight is connected to a designated position of the wire holder, and the vertical wire center of the pulley connected to the traction device in the positioning step. The position and the specified position of the wire holder are automatically adjusted by gravity.

In addition, the wire weight insertion step may include a magnet connection step in which the wire magnet installed in the wire weight and the battery magnet installed in the wire weight hole are connected to each other.

In addition, the wire weight may include a cylinder coupled to one side of the disk connected to the wire, and the wire magnet installed at the other side of the cylinder.

In addition, in the sliding cover of the wire holder, a semi-circular recessed portion that fits the cylinder at the lower portion of the sliding cover, is fixed to the battery, transmits the weight of the battery to the sliding cover, and operates to open and close the sliding cover A sliding unit is additionally configured, and when the two sliding covers are closed, a circular depression capable of fixing the cylinder is formed, and the cylinder is moved to the center of the circular depression to fix the wire center position of the wire holder.

In addition, in the battery position step, the difference between the vertical wire center position and the specified position is within 50 mm, and in the magnet connection step, the difference between the wire center position and the specified position of the wire weight is within 10 mm, and the wire weight is fixed In the step, the difference between the wire center position and the specified position of the wire weight is within 1 mm, and in the position adjustment step, the difference between the vertical wire center position and the specified position is within 1 mm, reducing the difference step by step and removing the battery. Inserted into the battery coupling unit.

In addition, by adding a fixing step of fixing the inserted battery to the battery fixing unit installed in the battery coupling unit, in the fixing step, the battery fixing unit is coupled to the fixing hole of the battery and fixed, and the battery fixing unit is fixed Two or more can be installed.

In addition, the movement of the battery is to move directly to autonomous driving by mounting a wheel on the battery, or to move to autonomous driving by loading the battery on a mobile unit equipped with the wheel, and the wheel is installed in the battery It consists of four Mecanum wheels and a motor mounted on each of the Mecanum wheels, and according to the rotation combination of the Mecanum wheel, the battery moves forward, backward, left, right, and rotates. can move

In addition, the wire may be made of a metal wire or carbon fiber, or configured using a chain.

In addition, the separation step includes a landing step in which the battery is lowered by releasing the wire with the traction device to land the battery in the replacement space, and a wire separation step of opening the wire holder to separate the battery from the wire. is done

In addition, the charging space includes a charging unit configured such that a plurality of charging chambers in which the battery is charged are vertically stacked, and the charging unit to solve a height difference between the floor surface of the charging chamber and the battery movement plane. An elevating unit for vertically elevating the battery by loading the battery between the unit and the moving plane may be further included.

In addition, in the charging chamber, a charging traction step of installing the traction device in the charging chamber and lifting the battery with the wire, and a charging terminal connection step of connecting the towed battery with the charging terminal of the charging chamber are performed can

In addition, an ESS utilization step is added in which the battery charged in the charging space is used as a part of the ESS device for supplying spare power required for the power plant.

In addition, the electric truck is a detachable truck from which a trailer for loading cargo is separated, and by arranging the battery coupling unit for coupling and separating the battery under the trailer, electricity required for cargo transportation can be supplied from the trailer. .

In addition, it can be configured to install a motor in the trailer, supply electricity to the battery coupled to a battery coupling unit installed in the trailer, and rotate the wheels of the trailer with the motor to provide a driving force necessary for moving the trailer. there is.

The electric truck battery replacement method according to the present invention automatically moves the battery and uses a wire to automatically replace the 100kwh heavy 100kwh battery weighing about 400kg per unit in about 1 minute without the help of an external device. There is an advantage in solving the inconvenience of charging electric trucks that cannot be used.

In addition, the electric truck battery replacement method according to the present invention uses the lower space of a trailer for loading cargo in a detachable large truck, installs standardized batteries in the trailer, and drives necessary for the distance the driver drives without a break, and at a rest area By automatically replacing the battery in about one minute, it has the advantage of increasing the operating efficiency of electric trucks.

In addition, the electric truck battery replacement method according to the present invention can be charged by utilizing inexpensive surplus electricity, thereby lowering the battery charging unit cost and further reducing the fuel cost of the electric truck, thereby increasing the competitiveness of the electric truck.

In addition, the electric truck battery replacement method according to the present invention charges a standardized battery to maintain the best condition for a sufficient time in a professional charging facility, and periodically inspects and manages it to extend the lifespan, facilitate recycling, and air pollution. It has the advantage of contributing to environmental protection by preventing the emission of substances.

1 is a conceptual diagram in which a battery is combined under an electric truck.
2 is a conceptual diagram in which the battery is separated from the electric truck.
3 is a conceptual diagram in which a battery separated from an electric truck moves.
4 is a photograph of the McCannum wheel constituting the wheel of the battery.
5 is a view showing the movement and rotation direction of the battery according to the rotation combination of the four Mecanum wheels.
6 is a layout view of the wire holder, fixing hole, and wheels of the battery.
7 is a block diagram of a battery location step.
8 is a block diagram of the wire weight insertion step.
9 is a block diagram of the wire weight fixing step.
10 is a block diagram of a position adjustment step.
11 is a block diagram of an insertion step.
12 is a conceptual diagram of an ESS using a battery of an electric truck.
13 is a conceptual diagram of surplus electricity generation using a power curve.
14 is a conceptual view in which a battery is combined in the lower part of the electric trailer;
15 is a conceptual diagram in which the battery is separated from the electric trailer;

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 is a conceptual view in which a battery is combined in the lower part of an electric truck 100, a battery combining unit 110 for accommodating the battery 200 is disposed in the lower part of the vehicle body 103 constituting the skeleton of the electric truck 100, and the battery combining unit 110 It shows a state in which the battery 200 is coupled therein.

Since the electric truck 100 is positioned higher than the rear wheel 102 because the bottom surface of the loading box 104 for transporting cargo must be flat, the height of the vehicle body 103 is also high, so that the battery coupling unit is located in the lower part of the vehicle body 103 . (110) has enough space to install.

Small electric trucks mainly carry out courier or delivery services inside the city, so the acceleration and deceleration of the vehicle occur frequently. Since it is more energy efficient and uses less brakes to reduce dust generation, which is more beneficial to the environment, the government is paying environmental subsidies and encouraging the spread of small electric trucks.

2 is a conceptual diagram in which the battery is separated from the electric truck, and FIG. 3 is a conceptual diagram in which the battery separated from the electric truck moves. The battery 200, which is separated from the electric truck 100, is mounted on the battery 200 along the moving plane 300 of the lower part of the electric truck 100 in the replacement space 400. (230) shows how to easily move between the charging space (500) and the replacement space (400).

Although the figure shows the battery 200 with the battery wheel 230 attached to it, it may be configured in such a way that a wheel-less battery is loaded and moved on a wheel-mounted mobile unit.

1 to 3 show a case where there is one battery using a small truck in order to explain a battery replacement method of an electric truck. In the case of a large truck, a large amount of battery capacity is required and the space under the vehicle body is sufficient, so the battery combination unit Two or more batteries can be combined by installing as many as needed.

4 is a picture of the Mecanum wheel constituting the battery wheel, and FIG. 5 is a view showing the movement and rotation direction of the battery made by the combination of four rotations of the Mecanum wheel.

The Mecanum Wheel was developed in 1972 by Mecanum, Sweden, and has several rollers inclined at 45 degrees on the outer surface of the wheel. Since all necessary movements such as left movement, right movement, left turn, right turn, and diagonal movement can be freely and precisely implemented, these days, they are widely used in logistics robots that drive automatically.

If the mecanum wheel is used as the battery wheel 230 , it is easy to automatically configure the movement of the battery 200 , and it can be accurately positioned within an error of 50 mm below the battery combining unit 110 of the electric truck 100 .

6 is a layout view of the battery wire holder and wheels mounted on the battery 200 with four battery wheels 230 on the lower part, and four wire holders 240 connected to the wires required for vertical movement of the battery on the upper part, and the battery It has two or more fixing holes 280 for fixing the battery 200 to the coupling unit 110, and inside the battery 200, the battery module that combines the battery cells and the control unit for controlling the battery and the heat of the battery It contains a cooling unit that discharges.

The battery wheel 230 is configured by connecting an independent motor to the Mecanum wheel, and if the rotation direction and speed of the four Mecanum wheels are appropriately controlled, even the heavy battery 200 with a weight of 400 kg or more can be accurately moved to the desired place, so the electric truck ( 100) It can move to the lower part or the charging space 500 .

If 4 Mecanum wheels with an outer diameter of 200mm are used, they can be moved while sufficiently supporting a load of 400kg or more. It can be configured like a logistics robot used in a logistics facility.

When explaining the electric truck battery replacement method, the electric truck 100 installs the battery coupling unit 110 in the lower part of the vehicle body 103 of the electric truck 100 to combine and separate the battery 200 to replace the battery 200. In the driving stage, the battery discharged using electricity in the driving stage, which is driven into the replacement space 400 to replace the battery 200 while driving the electric truck 100 with electricity supplied from the battery 200, is replaced in the replacement space ( The separation step of separating the electric truck 100 from the 400) to the lower part of the electric truck through the moving plane 300 of the replacement space 400 with the separated battery 200 as a moving unit including wheels 230. The first moving step of moving out to the charging space 500, the charging step of charging the battery 200 using electricity supplied from the power plant in the charging space 500, and moving the charged battery 200 to the moving unit The second moving step of moving from the charging space 500 to the lower part of the electric truck 100 in the replacement space 400, lifting the battery 200 located in the lower part of the electric truck 100 to the battery combining unit 110 The combining step constitutes the electric truck battery charging method of the present invention.

Replacing the battery 200 of the electric truck 100 consists of a separation step of separating the discharged battery and a coupling step of combining the charged battery, and the coupling step of coupling the battery 200 to the battery coupling unit 110 is Since the positions of the battery 200 and the battery combining unit 110 are precisely matched, the process of combining the battery 200 is first described because it is a much more difficult process than the separation step that only needs to be put down the battery 200 .

In the battery replacement, the coupling step of coupling the battery 200 to the battery coupling unit 110 moves the battery 200 charged in the charging space 500 to the lower part of the electric truck 100 stopped in the replacement space 400 . In the battery position step located below the battery combining unit 110, the wire 130 is sent down from the traction device 140 installed on the upper battery combining unit 100 to attach the wire 130 to the battery 200. In the wire connection step of connecting the wire holder 240, the battery 200 is lifted in the air with the wire 130 and the battery 200 is inserted into the battery combining unit 110 of the electric truck 100 by gravity. It consists of an insertion step in which the battery 200 is inserted into the battery coupling unit 110 by further pulling the wire 130 with the traction device 140 and the position adjustment step that is precisely and automatically adjusted.

The two key features in the electric truck battery replacement method of the present invention are first, by installing wheels on the standardized 100 kwh class battery 200 or by loading it on a moving unit so that it can be moved to the lower part of the electric truck 100 and automatically To secure the mobility of the battery 200 by adding a function to move to the battery 200 not only shortens the time required for battery replacement, but also automatically moves the separated battery 200 directly to the charging space 500 to automatically charge the battery. The charged battery returns to the replacement space 400 to create a circulating structure to be replaced, and build an automated basis for battery replacement to increase efficiency.

Second, it is a step-by-step process of securing the precise positional precision required for battery assembly. ), the traction device 140, and the wire holder magnet 260 installed in the battery 200 to reduce the connection error to 10 mm or less and (3) close the sliding cover 270 of the wire holder 240 to 1 mm or less (4) When the battery 200 is lifted by pulling the wire 130, the position is automatically adjusted by gravity to ensure the accuracy of the battery with a position error of less than 1 mm, thus reducing several errors. The final step is to accurately combine the electric truck and the battery.

In the wire connection step, the wire weight 120 connected to the wire 130 coming down through the pulley 170 from the traction device 140 installed in the electric truck 100 is attached to the battery 200 with the wire holder 240 attached to the battery 200. The wire weight insertion step into the internal wire weight hole 250, and the wire holder 240 by closing the sliding cover 270 covering the wire weight 120 is connected to the center of the wire 130 to the specific of the wire holder 240 It consists of a wire weight fixing step to fix the position, and when the wire weight 120 is pulled up by the traction device 140 in the position adjustment step, the battery 200 is lifted in the air, the wire center position and the wire of the traction device 140 The wire center position of the holder 240 is automatically adjusted by gravity to position the battery 200 of the electric truck 100 to be inserted into the battery coupling unit 110 .

The wire weight insertion step includes a magnet connection step in which the wire magnet 160 installed in the wire weight and the battery magnet 260 installed in the wire weight hole 250 are connected to each other, through this step, the error is large. The error can be reduced by pulling the falling wire weight to the center of the wire hole using the magnetic force of a permanent magnet.

7 to 11, the steps of the battery 200 are coupled to the battery coupling unit 110 of the electric truck 100 in sequence. Figure 9 explains the wire weight fixing step, Figure 10 describes the position adjustment step, Figure 11 describes the insertion step.

7 is a configuration diagram of the battery positioning step, by moving the battery 200 for autonomous driving by mounting the wheels 230 to the lower part of the stopped electric truck 100 to position the battery positioned under the battery combining unit 110 As a result, the electric truck 100 enters the replacement space 400 and stops, and by separating the existing discharged battery, the newly charged battery enters the lower part of the battery combining unit 110 while the battery combining unit 110 is empty. It shows that the position error between the battery coupling unit 110 and the battery 200 is large, and the wire 130 of the electric truck 100 is pulled by the traction device 140 and the battery coupling unit 110 ) is also empty. When the traction device 140 installed in the electric truck 100 is rotated by the traction motor 150 to release the wire 130, the wire 130 passes through the pulley 170 and goes down, and the wire weight attached to the end of the wire 130 (120) can be lowered.

When the wire holder 240 to which the wire weight 120 is connected is described with reference to FIG. 6 , the wire weight 120 is hung on the flexible wire 130 and enters the wire holder 240 installed in the battery 200 . For this purpose, the wire weight hole 250 is made large enough to be 100 mm or more to accommodate the position error occurring in the movement of the wheel 230 up to 50 mm.

8 shows the wire weight 120 connected to the wire 130 coming down through the pulley 170 from the traction device 140 installed in the electric truck 100 and the wire holder 240 attached to the battery 200. A diagram for explaining the wire weight insertion step into the wire weight hole 250. In this wire weight insertion step, the wire magnet 160 installed in the wire weight 120 and the battery magnet 260 installed in the wire weight hole 250 It is possible to add a magnet connection step in which these are connected to each other.

In the process of putting the wire weight 120 into the wire weight hole 250 , when the wire magnet 160 is installed under the wire weight 120 and the battery magnet 260 is installed in the center of the wire weight hole 250 , two powerful permanent By pulling the wire weight 120 suspended on the flexible wire 130 by the force of the magnet and moving the wire weight 120 toward the center of the wire weight hole 250, the error is reduced.

9 shows the battery (120) on the wire weight 120 while fixing the center of the wire 130 to which the wire weight 120 is connected to a specific position of the wire holder 240 by closing the sliding cover 270 covering the wire holder 240. 200) is a diagram for explaining the fixing step of the wire weight making it possible to transmit the weight of the wire weight, the wire weight 120 by covering the wire weight hole 250 from both sides by configuring the sliding cover 270 in two in the wire weight fixing step Fix it.

The wire holder 240 includes a wire weight hole 250 , a battery magnet 260 and a sliding cover 270 , and a semi-circular depression (not shown) formed to fit the cylinder at the lower portion of the sliding cover, and the battery 200 . A sliding unit (not shown) that is fixed to and operates to open and close the sliding cover 270 while transferring the weight of the battery to the sliding cover 270 is additionally configured, and when the two sliding covers 270 are closed, a semicircular recessed part The two meet to form a circular depression capable of fixing the cylinder 121 while moving the cylinder 121 constituting the wire weight 120 to the center of the circular depression to fix the wire center position of the wire holder 240. .

The sliding cover 270 of the wire holder 240 performs two important functions in the process of opening and closing the wire weight hole 250. One is to fix the center of the wire, and the other is to transfer the load of the battery to the wire. will do

Center fixation is when the circular depression formed when the sliding cover 270 starts to couple first pushes the cylinder 121 and the wire weight 120 moves toward the center of the wire weight hole 250 and the circular depression becomes a complete circle. It is located in the center, and the load transfer is made while the disk 122 transmits the traction force of the wire through the plane of the circular depression of the sliding cover.

The configuration of the wire weight 120, the wire 130 and the circular plate 122 connected to one side is coupled to the cylinder 121, the cylinder 121 is configured to include a wire magnet 160 installed on the other side.

When the traction device 140 installed in the battery coupling unit 110 of the electric truck 100 is operated with the traction motor 150 to transmit traction force to the wire 130, the force passes through the pulley 170 and the wire weight ( 120), the wire weight 120 transmits traction to the sliding cover 270 of the wire holder 240, and the sliding cover 270 is transmitted to the battery 200 through a sliding unit (not shown). Thus, the battery 200 can be lifted up.

10 is a position so that the battery 200 of the electric truck 100 can be inserted into the battery coupling unit 110 by gravity by lifting the wire 130 with the traction device 140 to lift the battery 200 into the air. When the battery is lifted in the air, the position error is temporarily removed by gravity, and the vertical wire 180 center position of the pulley 170 connected to the traction device 140 and the wire holder The difference in the wire center position of 240 is within 1 mm.

11 is a view for explaining an insertion step in which the battery 200 is inserted into the battery coupling unit 110 by further pulling the wire 130 with the traction device 140, and the battery 200 with the position adjusted is the wire If the 130 is continuously towed by the traction device 140, it enters into the battery coupling unit 110 of the electric truck 100 and is completely in close contact, and the rotation of the traction motor 150 is stopped to complete the battery insertion.

The position error generated by the autonomous driving of the battery 200 is reduced step by step during the battery assembly process. In the battery position stage, the vertical wire center position 180 of the pulley 170 connected to the traction device 140 and the The difference between the wire center position of the wire holder 240 is within 50 mm, and in the magnet connection step, the difference between the wire center position of the wire weight 120 and the wire center position of the wire holder 240 is within 10 mm, and in the wire fixing step The difference between the wire center position of the wire weight 120 and the wire center position of the wire holder 240 is within 1 mm, and in the position adjustment step, the vertical wire center position 180 of the pulley 170 connected to the traction device 140 and The difference between the wire center position of the wire holder 240 is within 1 mm, and the position error of the battery 200 is reduced step by step and is accurately inserted into the battery coupling unit 110 .

In this process, the vertical wire center position 180 made by the wire 130 and the pulley 170 installed in the electric truck 100 and the outer ear holder wire center generated in the wire holder 240 installed in the battery 200 The connection error of the wire between the positions is reduced step by step, and when the wire with the reduced connection error is towed and lifted in the air, the position error is automatically reduced to within 1mm by gravity and the battery accuracy is secured and the battery is supplied to the electric truck 100. (200) is correctly combined.

The wire 130 may be made of metal wire or carbon fiber with high tensile strength, or it may be configured as a chain. Although the battery is lifted with four wires, the weight balance is lost and sufficient tension of 200 kg or more to withstand the situation of being supported by two wires momentarily make it to have

When using a chain as a wire, a chain sprocket is used instead of the pulley 170, and as the traction device 140, a moving body that moves linearly along the screw rotated by the traction motor 150 pulls the chain instead of winding the wire. method can be used

It consists of four Mecanum wheels installed on the battery for autonomous driving of the battery, and a motor mounted on each Mecanum wheel, and according to the combination of rotation of the Mecanum wheel, the battery moves forward, backward, left, right, and rotates. , the battery will be able to move into autonomous driving.

The wheel configuration using these four Mecanum wheels is a method that is well utilized in a logistics robot (Automatic Guided Vehicle: AGV) that moves from a warehouse to autonomous driving and moves under a shelf and lifts a shelf, and the direction of rotation of the four wheels Only by configuring the If the control device of the moving logistics robot is mounted on the battery, the battery moves to automatic operation.

By adding a fixing step of fixing the inserted battery 200 to the battery fixing unit 190 installed in the battery coupling unit 110, in the insertion step, the battery 200 is inserted into the battery coupling unit 110 while the battery ( 200), the battery fixing unit 190 installed in the battery coupling unit 110 is simultaneously inserted into the cross-shaped fixing hole 280 of the 200). It is tightened and fixed, and two or more battery fixing units 190 are installed and the tightening rotation directions are configured differently so that the battery 200 is firmly fixed without moving inside the battery coupling unit 110 .

On the other hand, in the separation step of separating the battery 200 from the electric truck 100, the battery 200 is lowered by loosening the wire 130 with the traction device 140, and the wheel 230 is moved to the moving plane 4000 of the replacement space. It consists of a landing step of landing on the pole, and a wire separation step of opening the wire holder 240 to separate the battery 200 from the wire 130 .

A charging step in which the battery 200 is charged in the charging space 500 is added after the first moving step of the battery, and the charged battery 200 goes through a second moving step of moving back to the replacement space 400 , It is combined with the electric truck 100 .

The charging space 500 is a charging unit configured so that a plurality of charging chambers in which the batteries are charged are vertically stacked, and a height difference existing between the floor surface of each charging chamber and the movement plane of the battery is resolved, so that the battery An elevating unit is additionally included to vertically elevate and load the battery between the charging unit and the moving plane so that it can be moved, and the battery is configured to be charged by moving in automatic operation.

In the charging process of the battery, the battery can be configured to be charged automatically in the charging room. It consists of a charging terminal connection step that connects to the charging terminal of the seal, and by connecting the wire to the wire holder of the battery and lifting the battery, the position of the battery is automatically adjusted. It is automatically charged when combined with

Each charging terminal installed in the charging room is operated by an electronic switch to supply and cut off electricity, and the control device is configured so that charging takes place using the surplus electricity of the power plant. there is.

12 is a conceptual diagram of an ESS using a battery separated from an electric truck, adding an ESS utilization step that utilizes the battery charged in the charging space as a part of the ESS device for supplying spare power required for the power plant.

The ESS device is a device that stores electricity with a battery and supplies power to the power grid instead of the power plant when necessary. When this ESS device is installed in the charging space 500 using a battery separated from the electric truck, the battery of the electric truck is replaced. It can be configured as a device that supplies standby power in preparation for the maximum electricity demand by using the difference between the time and the time when the electricity demand is maximum.

13 is a conceptual diagram of surplus electricity generation using a power curve to explain the concept of utilizing surplus electricity that can be utilized for charging an electric truck battery using a 24-hour electricity graph provided in real time from the Korea Power Exchange website.

Although the amount of electricity generated is constant, the amount of electricity used has a characteristic that it decreases sharply at night, and a surplus amount of electricity is necessarily generated to prevent blackout caused by generators produced by induction electricity. The surplus electricity can be used very cheaply, as it disappears by cooling and removing water vapor.

By using this cheap surplus electricity to charge the battery, the battery separated from the electric truck is used as an ESS device that can supply expensive electricity at a time when the amount of electricity used is high.

14 is a conceptual diagram in which a battery is coupled to the lower part of the trailer, and FIG. 15 is a conceptual diagram in which the battery is separated from the trailer.

A trailer, a type of truck designed to carry more cargo, is a vehicle that is towed by a tractor, a tow truck with an engine attached to it, without an engine attached to the body. It is divided into full trailers that all support.

The trailer 600 also has a trailer body 601 that supports the cargo compartment and wheels, and has a sufficient space under the trailer body 601, so using this space, the battery coupling unit 110 is attached to the battery 200. It combines and separates and configures to supply the necessary electricity to the electric truck.

That is, the electric truck is a detachable truck in which a trailer for loading cargo is separated, and by arranging a battery coupling unit that combines and separates a battery in the lower part of the trailer, electricity required for cargo transportation can be supplied from the trailer.

In addition, a motor may be installed in the trailer, and electricity may be supplied to a battery coupled to a battery coupling unit installed in the trailer to rotate the wheels of the trailer with the motor, thereby providing driving force necessary for the movement of the trailer.

Recently, an in-wheel motor installed inside the wheel is also being developed. If such an in-wheel motor is installed on the wheel of the trailer, the trailer also has traction, and the traction force is dispersed to improve acceleration ability and to construct an electric truck with much more efficient power transmission. be able to

In order to supply electricity required for the weight of the cargo in the lower part of the trailer, a standardized battery can be installed in the required quantity. This battery can be moved to the front and the side at the same time by using the Mecanum wheel, and the entry is made from the side of the trailer and the oil passage at the same time. All batteries are replaced in about 1 to 2 minutes after the engine is installed and replaced automatically, so if a battery replacement space is installed at a rest area on the highway, there is no problem in charging and operating the electric truck, and the driver can drive it at once without a break. You can configure the number of batteries to supply the electricity required to drive up to 300 km.

In addition, if the trailer is a semi-trailer supported by a tractor 700 that tows a part of the cargo load, the battery that supplies electricity necessary for the movement of the tractor is a detachable type that is coupled to the battery coupling unit at the bottom of the tractor. A battery that supplies necessary electricity may be configured to additionally install a fixed battery 201 and charge the fixed battery 201 using a charging cable.

On the other hand, another change in automobiles is the advent of autonomous vehicles without a driver, and an era is coming when electric trucks are also converted to autonomous electric trucks that drive autonomously. It is effective to configure the battery of an autonomous electric truck.

The disclosed embodiments have been described with reference to the accompanying drawings as described above. Those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention pertains will understand that the present invention may be practiced in other forms than the disclosed embodiments without changing the technical spirit or essential features of the present invention. The disclosed embodiments are illustrative and should not be construed as limiting.

100: electric truck 101: rear wheel
102: front wheel 103: body
104: loading box 110: battery combination unit
120: wire weight 130: wire
140: traction device 150: traction motor
160: wire magnet 170: pulley
180: vertical wire center position 190: battery fixing unit
200: battery 210: fixed battery
230: wheel 240: wire holder
250: wire weight hole 260: battery magnet
270: sliding cover 280: fixing hole
300: moving plane 400: replacement space
500: charging space 600: trailer
601: trailer body 700: tractor

Claims (16)

In an electric truck that installs a battery combining unit in the lower part of a vehicle body to combine and separate batteries to replace batteries,
a driving step of driving the electric truck with electricity supplied from the battery and entering a replacement space for replacing the battery;
a separation step of separating the battery discharged using electricity in the driving step from the replacement space to the lower part of the electric truck;
a first moving step of moving the separated battery to a charging space through a moving unit including wheels;
a charging step of charging the battery using electricity supplied from a power plant in the charging space;
a second moving step of moving the charged battery from the charging space to the lower part of the electric truck in the replacement space using the moving unit;
a coupling step of lifting the battery located under the electric truck and coupling it to the battery coupling unit; How to replace the battery of an electric truck consisting of The method of claim 1,
The bonding step is
a battery positioning step of positioning the battery under the battery combining unit;
a wire connection step of lowering a wire wound on a towing device installed in the electric truck and connecting the wire to a wire holder attached to the battery;
a position adjustment step of lifting the battery in the air with the wire and adjusting the battery to a position where the battery is inserted into the battery coupling unit of the electric truck by gravity;
an insertion step of further pulling the wire with the traction device and inserting the battery into the battery coupling unit; How to replace the battery of an electric truck consisting of 3. The method of claim 2
The wire connection step is
a wire weight insertion step of inserting a wire weight connected to the wire coming down through a pulley in the traction device installed in the electric truck into a wire weight hole inside the wire holder attached to the battery;
A wire weight fixing step of closing the sliding cover covering the wire holder to fix the center of the wire to which the wire weight is connected to a designated position of the wire holder; consists of
Electric truck battery replacement method, characterized in that the vertical wire center position of the pulley connected to the traction device in the position adjustment step and the designated position of the wire holder are automatically adjusted by gravity. 4. The method of claim 3,
The wire weight insertion step is
Magnet connection step in which the wire magnet installed in the wire weight and the battery magnet installed in the wire weight hole are connected to each other; Electric truck battery replacement method comprising a. 5. The method of claim 4
The wire weight,
a cylinder coupled to one side of the disk connected to the wire;
the wire magnet installed on the other side of the cylinder; Electric truck battery replacement method comprising a. 6. The method of claim 5
In the sliding cover of the wire holder,
A semi-circular depression that fits the cylinder at the lower portion of the sliding cover;
a sliding unit fixed to the battery, transferring the weight of the battery to the sliding cover, and operating to open and close the sliding cover; This additionally consists of
When the two sliding covers are closed, a circular depression capable of fixing the cylinder is formed, and the cylinder is moved to the center of the circular depression to fix the wire center position of the wire holder. 5. The method of claim 4,
In the battery position step, the difference between the vertical wire center position and the designated position is within 50 mm,
In the magnet connection step, the difference between the wire center position of the wire weight and the designated position is within 10 mm,
In the wire weight fixing step, the difference between the wire center position of the wire weight and the specified position is within 1 mm,
In the positioning step, the difference between the vertical wire center position and the designated position is within 1 mm,
Electric truck battery replacement method, characterized in that the difference is reduced step by step and the battery is inserted into the battery combining unit. 3. The method of claim 2,
a fixing step of fixing the inserted battery with a battery fixing unit installed in the battery combining unit; by adding
In the fixing step, the battery fixing unit is coupled to the fixing hole of the battery and fixed,
Electric truck battery replacement method, characterized in that installing two or more of the battery fixing unit. The method of claim 1,
The movement of the battery is
By mounting wheels on the battery, it can move directly to autonomous driving, or
The battery is loaded on the mobile unit equipped with the wheel and moves to autonomous driving,
The wheel is
four Mecanum wheels installed on the battery;
a motor mounted on each of the Mecanum wheels; to make the movement of the battery forward, backward, left movement, right movement, and rotation according to the rotation combination of the Mecanum wheel,
Electric truck battery replacement method, characterized in that the battery can move in autonomous driving. 3. The method of claim 2,
the wire is
Electric truck battery replacement method, characterized in that it is made of metal wire or carbon fiber or configured using a chain. 3. The method of claim 2,
The separation step is
a landing step in which the battery descends by releasing the wire with the traction device to land the battery in the replacement space;
a wire separation step of separating the battery from the wire by opening the wire holder; Electric truck battery replacement method, characterized in that consisting of. 3. The method of claim 2,
The charging space is
a charging unit configured such that a plurality of charging chambers in which the battery is charged are vertically stacked;
an elevating unit for vertically elevating the battery by loading the battery between the charging unit and the moving plane so as to solve a height difference between the floor surface of the charging chamber and the battery moving plane; Electric truck battery replacement method, characterized in that it is further included. 13. The method of claim 12,
In the charging room,
a charging traction step of installing the traction device in the charging chamber and lifting the battery with the wire;
a charging terminal connection step of connecting the towed battery to a charging terminal of the charging chamber; Electric truck battery replacement method, characterized in that made. The method of claim 1,
an ESS utilization step of utilizing the battery charged in the charging space as a part of an ESS device for supplying spare power required for a power plant; Electric truck battery replacement method, characterized in that the added 15. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 14,
The electric truck is a detachable truck in which a trailer for loading cargo is separated,
Electric truck battery replacement method, characterized in that by arranging the battery coupling unit for coupling and separating the battery under the trailer so that the trailer can supply electricity required for freight transportation. 16. The method of claim 15,
Install a motor on the trailer,
By supplying electricity to the battery coupled to the battery coupling unit installed in the trailer to rotate the wheels of the trailer with the motor,
Electric truck battery replacement method, characterized in that configured to provide a driving force necessary for the movement of the trailer.

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