KR20220031159A - Battery swap method for electric vehicles - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for replacing a battery for an electric vehicle. More specifically, the present invention relates to a method for replacing a battery for an electric vehicle, which is to replace a battery that supplies electricity in all electric vehicles such as passenger cars, SUVs, vans, trucks, and buses. To this end, a segregated structure is built, a mobile device including wheels and an autonomous driving function are added such that a battery can automatically move between a replacement space and a charge space, a wire and a traction device are installed on an electric vehicle and a wire holder is installed on the battery such that the battery can be automatically coupled to and decoupled from the electric vehicle in the replacement space, and the battery is automatically coupled to a charging terminal and charged in the charging space. Accordingly, the battery can be automatically replaced and charged in about one minute by means of cooperation between the electric vehicle and the battery without the help of external devices.

Description

{Battery swap method for electric vehicles}

The present invention relates to a battery replacement method for an electric vehicle, and specifically, the present invention is made in a separate structure so that the battery supplying electricity can be replaced in all electric vehicles such as passenger cars, SUVs, vans, trucks, and buses, and the battery is installed in a replacement space To automatically move between the electric vehicle and the charging space, a moving device including wheels and an autonomous driving function are added, and a wire and a towing device are installed in the electric vehicle so that the battery can be automatically combined with and separated from the electric vehicle in the replacement space, and the battery is attached to the battery. Replacing the electric vehicle battery that can be recharged and replaced automatically in about 1 minute through the cooperation of the electric vehicle and the battery without the help of an external device by installing a wire holder and automatically combining the charging terminal and the charging terminal in the charging space it's about how

When the battery of the electric vehicle is automatically replaced in this way, the inconvenience of waiting for a long time to charge the electric vehicle by connecting a charger that supplies electricity through a wire as now occurs, additional construction of electricity supply facilities for distributing individual chargers, and charging time It is a battery replacement method for electric vehicles that solves the problem of an increase in electricity rates caused by an explosion in maximum electricity demand through concentration.

Disconnecting a 300kg-heavy battery from the electric vehicle using an external device, transporting it to the charging space to charge it, transporting the charged battery back to the electric vehicle, and combining it with the electric vehicle is difficult because it is difficult to move heavy objects, resulting in a lot of facilities and costs. Although it takes a long time to replace, the battery is automatically charged by autonomous driving, and it can be automatically separated and combined with an electric vehicle by laying down or lifting the battery using a wire.

The present invention is convenient and convenient by solving various problems occurring in the batteries of electric vehicles at once, such as the inconvenience of charging, which is the biggest obstacle to the use of electric vehicles in the future, overload of the electric supply network, increase in electric charging rates, and environmental problems in junkyards. It relates to a battery replacement method for an electric vehicle that is safe, inexpensive, and environmentally friendly.

Electric vehicles with integrated vehicle and battery are sold, and these battery-integrated electric vehicles need to be charged during a long charging time in a free parking space equipped with a charger. Charging is the most inconvenient thing for electric vehicles that currently use chargers, as there are many things to pay attention to, such as having to find them, waiting for an order in such a space, and leaving the seat immediately after charging is finished.

In this way, charging with a charger that directly connects electric wires to an electric vehicle causes inconvenience of charging for more than 30 minutes even when using a fast charger and more than 10 hours when using a slow charger. It will be difficult to secure a free parking space for charging and electricity supply facilities, and the number of charging vehicles will increase the electricity price, which will lower the economic feasibility.

If you use a quick charger to shorten the long charging time, you can shorten the waiting time for such a charging time a little, but to use a quick charger, you need to increase the electricity supply capacity. A large-scale electricity supply facility with the level of a large factory is required.

Instead of charging the 110,000 electric vehicles that have been distributed in Korea from the current number of nearly 24 million vehicles, more than 50% of the electric vehicles are converted to electric vehicles, and if all of them are charged with the high-speed charger at the desired time, general drivers will find it convenient to charge. Because charging is rushed in time, a huge concentration of charging load occurs at the national or city level. To accommodate this, enormous electricity supply facilities must be newly increased. As a result, the efficiency of the power plant greatly deteriorates due to the generation of huge surplus electricity due to load fluctuations, making it unavoidable to raise the electricity rate.

Due to this problem, KEPCO announced that it would increase the electricity rate of high-speed chargers from 173.8 won per kwh by 1.5 times to 255.7 won from July 6, 2020. It was announced that it would raise the electricity rate for electric vehicle fast chargers in stages to kwh.

If you make it possible to replace the battery of an electric vehicle at a lower price than gasoline in about a minute, the battery charging time will be shorter than that of an engine car, so the biggest inconvenience of electric vehicles, the charging problem, can be conveniently solved. This will dramatically improve the spread of electric vehicles.

In addition, if the separated discharged batteries are charged using cheap surplus power that is thrown away in the charging space, the economic feasibility can be increased by reducing the charging cost. This will greatly improve the stability and efficiency of the national power grid.

The convenience of self-driving cars will be further enhanced if the battery of an autonomous electric vehicle in which an electric vehicle drives autonomously is moved and the battery of the autonomous electric vehicle is automatically replaced in a short time.

The problem to be solved in the present invention is to create a battery replacement system that automatically replaces a 300 kg heavy battery in a shorter time than the refueling time of an engine vehicle by the operation of the battery and the electric vehicle, which is the biggest inconvenience of the electric vehicle, the inconvenience of charging To provide a battery replacement method for electric vehicles that can solve this problem.

Another problem to be solved by the present invention is to reduce the installation of electricity supply facilities for chargers that occur when each vehicle is directly charged with a charger, and to increase the maximum electricity demand in cities or countries due to the concentration of personal charging preferences. An object of the present invention is to provide a battery replacement method for an electric vehicle that stably charges a separated battery to prevent blackout of electricity supply facilities.

Another problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for replacing an electric vehicle battery that can increase the economic feasibility of an electric vehicle by charging it with inexpensive surplus electricity produced in a generator whose output is difficult to control within 24 hours, such as a nuclear power plant, but is discarded. .

Another problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a battery replacement method for an electric vehicle that effectively recycles the battery by preventing the shortened lifespan due to rapid charging of the integrated battery of the electric vehicle and minimizing environmental pollution caused by the battery removed at the scrapping stage will do

In order to achieve the above-described problem, in the present invention, the process of combining the battery separated from the electric vehicle into the battery space is to install the battery, which is autonomously driven by mounting wheels, under the battery space under the stopped electric vehicle. A battery location step located in the; a wire connection step of lowering a wire wound around a traction device installed in the electric vehicle and connecting the wire to a wire holder attached to the battery; a position adjustment step of lifting the battery in the air with the wire and adjusting the battery to a position where it can be inserted into the battery space of the electric vehicle by gravity; an insertion step in which the battery is inserted into the battery space by further pulling the wire with the traction device; To provide a method for replacing an electric vehicle battery consisting of.

In addition, the wire connecting step may include: a wire weight insertion step of inserting a wire weight connected to the wire coming down through a pulley in the traction device installed in the electric vehicle into a wire weight hole inside the wire holder attached to the battery; A wire weight fixing step of closing the sliding cover covering the wire holder to fix the center of the wire to which the wire weight is connected to a specific position of the wire holder; Consists of, in the position adjustment step, the vertical wire center position of the pulley connected to the traction device and the wire center position of the wire holder are automatically adjusted by gravity.

In addition, the wire weight insertion step, the wire magnet installed in the wire weight and the battery magnet installed in the wire weight hole are connected to each other magnet connection step; can be added.

In addition, the wire weight, a cylinder coupled to one side of the circular plate with a hole through which the wire can pass through the center; a wire fixing unit for transferring the weight of the battery acting on the cylinder to the wire while fixing the wire passing through the hole so as not to fall out from the inside of the cylinder; a permanent magnet installed on the other side of the cylinder; can be composed of

In addition, in the sliding cover of the wire holder, the sliding cover is a semi-circular recessed portion that fits the cylinder; a sliding unit fixed to the battery to transfer the weight of the battery to the sliding cover and operating to open and close the sliding cover; This is additionally configured, and when the two sliding covers are closed, a circular depression capable of fixing the cylinder is formed, and the cylinder is moved to the center of the circular depression to fix the wire center position of the wire holder.

In addition, in the battery position step, the difference between the vertical wire center position and the wire center position of the wire holder is within 100 mm, and in the magnet connection step, the difference between the wire center position of the wire weight and the wire center position of the wire holder is and within 10 mm, in the wire fixing step, the difference between the wire center position of the wire weight and the wire center position of the wire holder is within 1 mm, and in the positioning step, the vertical wire center position and the wire center position of the wire holder The difference is within 1 mm, and the battery is inserted into the battery space.

In addition, a fixing step of fixing the inserted battery with a battery fixing unit installed in the lower part of the battery space; in the fixing step, the battery fixing unit installed in the electric vehicle supports and fixes the battery, and the battery is fixed The unit is installed on two or more opposite sides of the battery charging space.

In addition, the movement of the battery is to move directly to autonomous driving by mounting wheels on the battery, or to move to autonomous driving by loading the battery on a mobile unit equipped with the wheels, and the wheels are four Mecanum wheels installed in the battery ; a motor mounted on each of the Mecanum wheels; to make the movement of forward, backward, leftward, rightward, and rotational movement of the battery according to the rotational combination of the Mecanum wheel, so that the battery can move in autonomous driving.

In addition, the wire may be made of a metal wire or carbon fiber, or may be configured using a chain.

In addition, the process of removing the battery may include a vehicle stopping step in which the electric vehicle enters a replacement space and stops; a landing step in which the battery descends by releasing the wire with the traction device to land the battery in the replacement space; a wire separation step of separating the battery from the wire by opening the wire holder; a battery moving step of removing the battery from the lower part of the electric vehicle and moving it to a charging space for charging; is made of

In addition, the charging space may include: a charging unit configured such that a plurality of charging chambers in which the battery is charged are vertically stacked; an elevating unit for vertically elevating the battery by loading the battery between the charging unit and the moving plane so as to resolve a height difference between the bottom surface of the charging chamber and the moving plane of the battery; This may be further included.

In addition, the traction device may be installed in the charging chamber, and the battery may be lifted with the wire to be coupled to the charging terminal of the charging chamber.

The electric vehicle battery replacement method according to the present invention automatically moves the battery in the electric vehicle and uses wheels and wires to automatically replace the 300 kg heavy battery in about 1 minute without the help of an external device, thereby charging the electric vehicle. There is an advantage in solving the inconvenience of charging an electric vehicle while waiting for a long charging time by visiting a free parking space where a charger is installed.

In addition, in the battery replacement method for an electric vehicle according to the present invention, the autonomous driving battery automatically enters the three-dimensional charging device and can be recharged in a planned manner using late-night hours, etc. that use less electricity with time to spare. By using electricity stably within the range of electricity supply, there is an advantage that the stability of electricity supply facilities is greatly secured rather than personal charging.

In addition, the electric vehicle battery replacement method according to the present invention can be charged by utilizing inexpensive surplus electricity, thereby lowering the battery charging unit cost and further reducing the fuel cost of the electric vehicle, thereby enhancing the competitiveness of the electric vehicle.

In addition, the electric vehicle battery replacement method according to the present invention does not require disassembling the battery like a scrap car of an integrated electric vehicle, and continues charging the standardized battery in a professional charging facility to maintain the best condition for a sufficient time. Because it is inspected and managed, the battery life can be maintained longer than individual charging or fast charging, which has the advantage of contributing to environmental protection, such as reducing battery waste and preventing the emission of air pollutants from engine vehicles.

1 is a conceptual diagram of an automatic replacement battery for an electric vehicle.
2 is a conceptual diagram of a conventional electric vehicle battery replacement device.
3 is a detailed view of the battery positioning step of the embodiment.
Figure 4 is a detailed view of the wire weight insertion step of the embodiment.
5 is a detailed view of the wire weight fixing step of the embodiment.
6 is a detailed view of the positioning step of the embodiment.
7 is a detailed view of the insertion step of the embodiment.
8 is a detailed view of the fixing step of the embodiment.
9 is a layout view of a battery wire holder.
10 is a cross-sectional view of a wire weight.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The lithium battery that supplies electricity to electric vehicles has more than doubled the charge density of the battery over the past 10 years through technological innovation. As it is predicted that the price of electric vehicles will be cheaper than that of engine vehicles within 10 years, engine vehicles that emit large amounts of fine dust and air pollutants are rapidly increasing. The situation is changing to an exit.

In the meantime, due to innovation in battery technology, the charge density of batteries has doubled from 150wh in 2014 to 300wh in 2019 per 1kg of battery. brightening the prospects of

Electric vehicles equipped with batteries with an existing capacity of 35 kwh or less are also in operation, and although most electric vehicles have a battery capacity of about 60 kwh, the performance of the batteries continues to improve rapidly. sells an electric vehicle with a battery capacity of 100 kwh or more, which allows the electric vehicle to travel 500 km or more with a single charge.

It takes more than 33 hours for the driver to charge the 100kwh battery installed in the electric vehicle at home by connecting an electric cable to the electric vehicle with a 3kw personal charger. Even charging with a 200kw fast charger takes more than 30 minutes, charging the battery is the most inconvenient situation for electric vehicles.

In addition, if more than 99% of engine vehicles are still converted to electric vehicles, not only will electric charging facilities, electric wires and transformers, etc. Because the peak electricity consumption is large, it is inevitable that large-scale transmission facilities at the city or national level will be required, as well as the construction of additional power plants to prevent blackouts.

If all 24 million vehicles currently operating in Korea are converted to electric vehicles and the electric vehicles are charged once every 6 days, 4 million vehicles will be charged 100 kwh per day, so 400 million kwh of electricity must be supplied per day. Since charging is mainly carried out at night when vehicles are not running, even if 400 million kwh is supplied equally for 12 hours in the evening, 33.33 million kw of power per hour is required. Therefore, the maximum power supply capacity of 50 million kw per hour is additionally required to charge 400 million kwh per day required for electric vehicles, and 50% of the existing power generation is required.

In order to prevent the inconvenience of charging electric vehicles and the concentration of electricity demand, the company devised a method to remove the electric vehicle battery and replace the battery at a battery charging station. In 2013, Tesla in the United States created a facility equipped with a battery replacement facility in the underground space as shown in FIG. In May, China's NIO Motors first installed a battery replacement facility in Nanshan District, Shenzhen City, Guangdong Province, China in about 5 minutes.

All existing battery replacement methods use an external device to transport the battery to the lower part of the vehicle, then raise or lower the battery using an external device to replace the battery. Because it is configured to move, the facility is complex and the facility and operating costs are high, and because of the facility to install these external devices, the flow of vehicles in and out is inconveniently configured. It is producing only all-in-one electric vehicles with fixed batteries.

However, China's NIO is producing and distributing battery-replaceable electric vehicles against the background of the Chinese government's policy support.

NIO's battery replacement method uses the vertical space secured by lifting the electric vehicle by about 500 mm to transport the battery to the lower part of the electric vehicle with a mobile device and then lifts the battery vertically with a replacement device to replace the battery. Because the battery is changed by lifting it up, the driver must get off, enter backwards from the ramp to secure a vertical work space, push the entered vehicle to the side to rearrange the position of the vehicle, and lift and lower the vehicle, so battery replacement time This takes about 5 minutes and the replacement facility is complicated, so only one electric vehicle can still be replaced, so the construction and operation costs are high. And if the battery is replaced at a low cost, it shows the potential of the market for more drivers to choose the battery-replaceable electric vehicle.

1 is a conceptual diagram of an automatic replacement battery for an electric vehicle. The electric vehicle 100 moves on a moving plane 400 for battery replacement, stops, and then removes the battery 200 to empty the battery space 110. ) shows a step in which the battery 200 equipped with the wheels 230 for autonomous driving moves to the lower space of the electric vehicle 100 and enters the lower part of the electric vehicle 100 .

Although the drawings illustrate a method in which wheels are attached to the battery, the battery can be transported by loading it on a mobile unit equipped with wheels and moving autonomously.

1 shows the moving battery 200 entering the front of the vehicle, but can enter the other side, and the battery ( 200) is located.

In the process of replacing the battery 200 in the electric vehicle 100, the process of combining the battery is a technology that is much more difficult than the separation of the battery because the position of the battery 200 and the charging space 110 must be accurately maintained. The bonding step will be described first.

In the process of combining the battery 200 separated from the electric vehicle 100 to the battery space, the battery 200 charged in the charging space is moved to the lower part of the stopped electric vehicle 100 and is located under the battery space 110. Positioning the battery location step, lowering the wire 130 wound on the traction device 140 installed in the electric vehicle 100 to connect the wire 130 to the wire holder 240 attached to the battery 200, a wire connection step, A position adjusted to a position where the battery 200 can be inserted into the battery space 110 of the electric vehicle 100 by gravity by pulling the wire 130 with the traction device 140 to lift the battery 200 into the air An adjustment step, an insertion step in which the battery 200 is inserted into the battery space 110 by further pulling the wire 130 with the traction device 140 .

Listing the key features in the battery replacement method for an electric vehicle of the present invention, first, a wheel for autonomous driving is installed on a heavy battery 200 weighing about 300 kg, or it is moved to the lower part of the electric vehicle 100 by loading it on a moving unit that runs autonomously. In addition to shortening the time required for battery replacement, securing the mobility of the battery 200 to And configuring the battery to be moved to autonomous driving during the battery replacement process by making it convenient and inexpensive will build the most important foundation in the automation of battery replacement and increase efficiency.

Second, by using the wire and wire traction device installed in the electric vehicle, and the wire holder and magnet installed in the battery, the position error of 100 mm or less that can occur in autonomous driving of the battery is reduced step by step, and the It automatically secures the accuracy of the battery to within 1mm by gravity, and through this error reduction step several times, the electric vehicle and the battery are finally accurately combined.

Third, if the battery of the electric vehicle can be automatically replaced in about 1 minute on the plane where the electric vehicle is stopped without lifting the vehicle or using an external device to replace the battery, the waiting time is much longer than the refueling time of the engine vehicle. It has the convenience of being short and the health of not having to inhale toxic oil vapors during the refueling process.

In addition, when charging using a cable charger in an existing battery-integrated vehicle, charging takes a long time, and a person has to find a charger installed in a free parking lot and connect the charger directly to the vehicle. It solves the inconvenience of having to continue to work before and after charging because the crowd has to wait for charging and remove the car immediately after charging is complete.

Fourth, when the battery of the electric vehicle is replaced, the electricity cost can be greatly reduced by collecting the replaced battery and charging it using cheap surplus electricity.

Fifth, if personal charging is unavoidable in battery-integrated electric vehicles, electricity supply facilities will be built for each home, and additional facilities such as power generation facilities to prepare for power shortages occurring on a city or national scale due to the concentration of electricity demand caused by personal charging Conversely, if charging is reduced at dawn, it is possible to prevent the inefficiency of electricity supply facilities that generate a large amount of surplus electricity.

In the wire connection step, the wire weight 120 connected to the wire 130 coming down through the pulley 17 from the traction device 140 installed in the electric vehicle 100 is attached to the battery 200 with the wire holder 240 attached to the battery 200. Inserting the wire weight into the internal wire weight hole 250 and closing the sliding cover 270 covering the wire holder 240 to determine the center of the wire 130 to which the wire weight 120 is connected to the wire holder 240 . It consists of a wire weight fixing step to be fixed in position, and when the wire weight 120 is pulled up by the traction device 140 in the position adjustment step, the battery 200 is lifted in the air, the wire center position and the wire of the traction device 140 The wire center position of the holder 240 is automatically adjusted by gravity, so that the battery 200 of the electric vehicle 100 is positioned at a position where it is inserted into the battery space 110 .

Figure 3 explains the battery positioning step, Figure 4 explains the wire weight insertion step, Figure 5 describes the wire weight fixing step, Figure 6 describes the positioning step, Figure 7 describes the insertion step, 8 is a view for explaining the fixing step, and shows the process in which the battery is coupled to the electric vehicle in order.

3 is a battery location step under the battery space 110 by moving the battery 200, which is autonomously driven by mounting wheels 230, to the lower part of the stopped electric vehicle 100. By separating the discharged battery of , the wire 130 of the electric vehicle 100 is wound around the traction device 140 and the battery space 110 is also empty. When the wire 130 is loosened by turning the traction motor 150 for the traction device 140 installed in the electric vehicle 100, the wire 130 goes down through the pulley 170 and the wire weight attached to the end of the wire 130 ( 120) can be lowered.

When the wire holder 240 is described with reference to the arrangement diagram of the battery wire holder of FIG. 9 , the wire weight 120 is hung on the flexible wire 130 so that it can enter the wire holder 240 installed in the battery 200 . It should be located in the upper part of the wire weight hole 250, but the wire weight hole 250 is made large enough to accommodate the position error that occurs in the movement of the wheel 230 for autonomously driving the battery 200.

4 shows the wire weight 120 connected to the wire 130 coming down through the pulley 17 from the traction device 140 installed in the electric vehicle 100 and the wire holder 240 attached to the battery 200. A diagram for explaining the wire weight insertion step into the wire weight hole 250. In this wire weight insertion step, the wire magnet 160 installed in the wire weight 120 and the battery magnet 260 installed in the wire weight hole 250 It is possible to add a magnet connection step in which these are connected to each other.

In the process of putting the wire weight 120 into the wire weight hole 250 , a strong permanent magnet, a wire magnet 160 , is installed under the wire weight 120 , and a battery magnet 260 is installed in the center of the wire weight hole 250 . When the wire weight 120 suspended on the flexible wire 130 is pulled by the force of two magnets, the wire weight 120 is attached to the center of the wire weight hole 250, so the size of the wire weight hole 250 is made small. It is also possible to put the wire weight 120 into the wire weight hole (250).

5 is a view for explaining the wire weight fixing step of closing the sliding cover 270 covering the wire holder 240 to fix the center of the wire 130 to which the wire weight 120 is connected to a specific position of the wire holder 240 In the wire weight fixing step, the sliding cover 270 is configured in two to cover the wire weight hole 250 from both sides to fix the wire weight 120 .

The wire holder 240 includes a wire weight hole 250 , a battery magnet 260 and a sliding cover 270 , and a semi-circular depression (not shown) formed to fit the cylinder at the lower portion of the sliding cover, and the battery 200 . A sliding unit (not shown) that is fixed to and operates to open and close the sliding cover 270 while transferring the weight of the battery to the sliding cover 270 is additionally configured, and when the two sliding covers 270 are closed, a semicircular recessed part The two meet to form a circular depression capable of fixing the cylinder 121 while moving the cylinder 121 constituting the wire weight 120 to the center of the circular depression to fix the wire center position of the wire holder 240. .

The sliding cover 270 of the wire holder 240 performs two important functions in the process of opening and closing the wire weight hole 250. One is to fix the center of the wire, and the other is to transfer the load of the battery to the wire. will do

Center fixation is when the circular depression formed when the sliding cover 270 starts to couple first pushes the cylinder 121 and the wire weight 120 moves toward the center of the wire weight hole 250 and the circular depression becomes a complete circle. It is located in the center, and the load transfer is made while the disk 122 transmits the traction force of the wire through the plane of the circular depression of the sliding cover.

The configuration of the wire weight 120 shown in FIG. 10 is a cylinder 121 in which a disk hole 123 is drilled so that the wire 130 can pass through the disk 122 and the disk 122 is coupled to one side; While fixing the wire 130 passing through the disk hole 123 to the disk 122 so as not to fall out from the inside of the cylinder 121, the weight of the battery 200 acting on the cylinder 121 in the positioning step and the insertion step is measured It is composed of a wire fixing unit 124 delivered to the wire 130 , and a wire magnet 160 installed on the other open side of the cylinder 121 .

When the traction device 140 installed in the electric vehicle 100 is wound with the traction motor 150 and traction force is transmitted to the wire 130, the force is transmitted to the wire weight 120 through the pulley 170, and the wire The weight 120 transmits a traction force to the sliding cover 270 of the wire holder 240, and the sliding cover 270 is transferred to the battery 200 through a sliding unit (not shown) to lift the battery 200. it can go up

6 shows the position so that the battery 200 of the electric vehicle 100 can be inserted into the battery space 110 by gravity by lifting the wire 130 with the traction device 140 to lift the battery 200 into the air. When the battery is lifted in the air, the position error is temporarily removed by gravity, and the vertical wire 180 center position of the pulley 170 connected to the traction device 140 and the wire holder ( 240), the difference in the center position of the wire is within 1mm.

7 is a view for explaining an insertion step in which the battery 200 is inserted into the battery space 110 by further pulling the wire 130 with the traction device 140, and the battery 200 with the position adjusted is the wire ( If 130) is continuously towed by the traction device 140, it enters into the battery space 110 of the electric vehicle 100 and is completely in close contact, the rotation of the traction motor 150 is stopped, and the battery insertion is completed.

The position error that occurs while the battery 200 autonomously drives decreases in stages during the battery assembly process, so in the battery position stage, the vertical wire center position 180 of the pulley 170 connected to the traction device 140 and the wire holder ( 240) is within 100mm of the difference in the center position of the wire, and in the magnet connection step, the difference between the center position of the wire of the wire weight 120 and the center position of the wire of the wire holder 240 is within 10 mm, and in the wire fixing step, the wire weight ( The difference between the wire center position of 120 and the wire center position of the wire holder 240 is within 1 mm, and in the position adjustment step, the vertical wire center position 180 of the pulley 170 connected to the traction device 140 and the wire holder ( 240) is within 1 mm of the wire center position, so that the position error of the battery 200 is reduced step by step and accurately inserted into the battery space 110 .

In this process, the vertical wire center position 180 made by the wire 130 and the pulley 170 installed in the electric vehicle 100 and the outer ear holder wire center generated in the wire holder 240 installed in the battery 200 The connection error of the wire between the positions is reduced step by step, and when the wire with the reduced connection error is towed and lifted in the air, the position error is automatically reduced to within 1 mm by gravity, thereby securing the battery accuracy and providing the battery to the electric vehicle 100. (200) is correctly combined.

The wire 130 may be made of a metal wire or carbon fiber having high tensile strength, or may be configured using a chain, and has sufficient tension to lift the battery with four wires.

The wheels for autonomous driving of the battery include two or more driving wheels each equipped with a motor and driven independently, and the load of the battery to support the forward, backward, and rotational movements of the battery made according to the driving of each driving wheel. It may consist of one or more steering wheels that can freely steer the direction while supporting a part of the .

Such a wheel configuration is sufficient to maintain a position error within 100 mm in the battery autonomous driving movement of the present invention in a manner well utilized by a cleaning robot that automatically cleans while moving from home to autonomous driving.

Another wheel configuration consists of four Mecanum wheels installed on the battery and a motor mounted on each Mecanum wheel, making the movement of the battery forward, backward, left, right, and rotation according to the rotation combination of the Mecanum wheel. Batteries will be able to move into autonomous driving.

The wheel configuration using these four Mecanum wheels is a method that is well utilized in a logistics robot (Automatic Guided Vehicle: AGV) that moves from a warehouse to autonomous driving and moves under a shelf and lifts a shelf, and the direction of rotation of the four wheels It is possible to maintain the movement accuracy of about 20 mm in the battery autonomous driving movement of the present invention by possessing the best movement ability that can not only move forward and backward, but also rotate in place and move to the side.

Lowpad, an AGV recently announced as a product by Eurotec in the Netherlands, has proven to have excellent mobility with a low height of 12 cm. .

If the control device of the logistics robot, which moves automatically to transport shelves in the warehouse, is mounted on the battery, the battery moves to autonomous operation in the battery location stage or the battery movement stage.

8 is a view for explaining the fixing step of fixing the inserted battery 200 with the battery fixing unit 190 installed in the lower part of the battery space 110, the battery fixing unit 190 is the battery 200 It is a device that supports the battery 200 so that it can be in close contact with the battery space 110 in spite of various shocks generated during the driving process by securely supporting it. Various methods including the sliding method applied in the present invention as well as the hinge method can be applied there is.

The battery 200 inserted into the battery space 110 by the traction device 140 and the wire 130 of the electric vehicle 100 and the wire holder 240 of the battery 200 is placed in the lower part of the battery space 110 . By adding the fixing step of fixing with the installed battery fixing unit 190, in the fixing step, the battery fixing unit 190 installed in the electric vehicle 100 supports and fixes the battery 200, and the battery fixing unit 190 is the battery It can be installed on two or more facing surfaces of the space (110).

On the other hand, the process of separating the battery 200 from the electric vehicle 100 includes a vehicle stop step in which the electric vehicle 100 enters the battery replacement space and stops, and the wire 130 by unwinding the wire 130 with the traction device 140 . (200) descends and the wheel 230 lands on the moving plane (4000) of the replacement space, a wire separation step of opening the wire holder 240 to separate the battery 200 from the wire 130, and the battery (200) consists of a battery movement step that exits from the lower part of the electric vehicle 100 by autonomous driving and moves to the charging space.

A charging stage in which the battery 200 is charged in a charging space is added after the battery moving stage, and the charged battery 200 is combined with the electric vehicle 100 to cycle the battery through separation, charging and combining.

The charging space includes a charging unit configured so that a plurality of charging chambers in which the batteries are charged are vertically stacked, and a height difference between the floor surface of each charging chamber and the movement plane of the battery is resolved so that the battery can be moved. An elevating unit for vertically elevating and loading the battery between the charging unit and the moving plane is additionally included, so that the battery can be charged by moving in automatic operation.

And the battery 200 that automatically drives the moving plane 400 has a camera that secures surrounding image information, and the wheel 230 to identify the location of the battery from the image information and automatically move between the electric vehicle and the charging space. By controlling the control unit may be additionally installed.

Automated driving is a technology that is already fully utilized in autonomous vehicles and logistics robots. However, if an automatic driving function is given to a heavy battery, it goes beyond simply making battery replacement in an electric vehicle convenient. It can be used in a variety of ways, and it is possible to create a great effect in the utilization of electric energy by creating new great functions.

First, when the battery operates automatically, the charging process of the battery can also be configured automatically. For this purpose, the charging space for charging the battery includes a charging unit configured so that several charging chambers where the batteries are charged are stacked vertically in multiple stages; , the battery is further equipped with a lifting unit that vertically elevates and stacks the battery between the charging unit and the moving plane so that the difference in height existing between the floor surface of each charging chamber and the movement plane of the battery can be resolved and the battery can be moved. It can be configured to move to the charging room by automatic operation.

Install the towing device on the upper part of the charging chamber and connect it to the battery wire holder using a wire and wire weight to lift the battery. Then, the position of the battery is automatically adjusted. can be combined with

The charging terminals installed in each of the several charging rooms of the battery charging space are operated by an electronic switch to supply and cut off electricity. can be charged with

Meanwhile, another change in automobiles is the emergence of autonomous vehicles that do not require a driver, and an era is coming when electric vehicles are converted into autonomous electric vehicles that drive autonomously.

The driver's charging of the autonomous electric vehicle with a manual charger is contrary to the development of technology that pursues convenience and safety.

In the present invention, only passenger cars are shown in the drawings, but this method can be applied to the case of replacing batteries regardless of the type of all electric vehicles such as SUVs, vans, trucks, and buses.

The disclosed embodiments have been described with reference to the accompanying drawings as described above. Those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention pertains will understand that the present invention may be practiced in other forms than the disclosed embodiments without changing the technical spirit or essential features of the present invention. The disclosed embodiments are illustrative and should not be construed as limiting.

100: electric vehicle 110: battery space
120: wire weight 130: wire
140: traction device 150: traction motor
160: wire magnet 170: pulley
180: vertical wire center position 190: battery fixing unit
200: battery 230: wheel
240: wire holder 250: wire weight hole
260: battery magnet 270: sliding cover
300: underground space 310: horizontal movement device
320: vertical movement device 400: movement plane

Claims (12)

In order to combine the battery in the battery space of the electric vehicle,
a battery positioning step of locating the battery charged in the charging space under the battery space under the stopped electric vehicle;
a wire connection step of lowering a wire wound around a traction device installed in the electric vehicle and connecting the wire to a wire holder attached to the battery;
a position adjustment step in which the battery is lifted in the air with the wire and adjusted to a position where the battery is inserted into the battery space of the electric vehicle by gravity;
an insertion step in which the battery is inserted into the battery space by further pulling the wire with the traction device; A method of replacing an electric vehicle battery consisting of 2. The method of claim 1
The wire connection step is
a wire weight insertion step of inserting a wire weight connected to the wire coming down through a pulley in the traction device installed in the electric vehicle into a wire weight hole inside the wire holder attached to the battery;
A wire weight fixing step of closing the sliding cover covering the wire holder to fix the center of the wire to which the wire weight is connected to a designated position of the wire holder; consists of
In the positioning step, the vertical wire center position of the pulley connected to the traction device and the designated position of the wire holder are automatically adjusted by gravity. 3. The method of claim 2,
The wire weight insertion step is
a magnet connection step in which the wire magnet installed in the wire weight and the battery magnet installed in the wire weight hole are connected to each other; Electric vehicle battery replacement method, characterized in that adding. 4. The method of claim 3
The wire weight,
a cylinder in which a circular plate with a hole in it is coupled to one side so that the wire can pass through the center;
a wire fixing unit for transferring the weight of the battery acting on the cylinder to the wire while fixing the wire passing through the hole so that it does not fall out from the inside of the cylinder;
a permanent magnet installed on the other side of the cylinder; Electric vehicle battery replacement method, characterized in that consisting of. 5. The method of claim 4
In the sliding cover of the wire holder,
A semi-circular depression that fits the cylinder at the lower portion of the sliding cover;
a sliding unit fixed to the battery, transferring the weight of the battery to the sliding cover, and operating to open and close the sliding cover; This additionally consists of
When the two sliding covers are closed, a circular depression capable of fixing the cylinder is formed, and the cylinder is moved to the center of the circular depression to fix the wire center position of the wire holder. 4. The method of claim 3,
In the battery position step, the difference between the vertical wire center position and the designated position is within 100 mm,
In the magnet connection step, the difference between the wire center position of the wire weight and the designated position is within 10 mm,
In the wire weight fixing step, the difference between the wire center position of the wire weight and the specified position is within 1 mm,
In the positioning step, the difference between the vertical wire center position and the designated position is within 1 mm,
An electric vehicle battery replacement method, characterized in that inserting the battery into the battery space. The method of claim 1,
a fixing step of fixing the inserted battery with a battery fixing unit installed in the lower part of the battery space; by adding
In the fixing step, the battery fixing unit installed in the electric vehicle supports and fixes the battery,
The battery fixing unit is an electric vehicle battery replacement method, characterized in that installed on two or more opposite sides of the battery charging space. The method of claim 1,
The movement of the battery is
By installing wheels on the battery, it can move directly to autonomous driving, or
The battery is loaded on the mobile unit equipped with the wheel and moves to autonomous driving,
The wheel is
four Mecanum wheels installed on the battery;
a motor mounted on each of the Mecanum wheels; to make the movement of the battery forward, backward, left movement, right movement, and rotation according to the rotation combination of the Mecanum wheel,
The battery replacement method for an electric vehicle, characterized in that the battery can be moved by autonomous driving. The method of claim 1,
the wire is
A battery replacement method for an electric vehicle, characterized in that it is made of metal wire or carbon fiber or configured using a chain. The method of claim 1,
In the process of removing the battery,
a vehicle stopping step in which the electric vehicle enters the replacement space and stops;
a landing step in which the battery descends by releasing the wire with the traction device to land the battery in the replacement space;
a wire separation step of separating the battery from the wire by opening the wire holder;
a battery moving step of removing the battery from the lower part of the electric vehicle and moving it to a charging space for charging; Electric vehicle battery replacement method, characterized in that consisting of. The method of claim 1,
The charging space is
a charging unit configured such that a plurality of charging chambers in which the battery is charged are vertically stacked;
an elevating unit for vertically elevating the battery by loading the battery between the charging unit and the moving plane so as to solve a height difference between the floor surface of the charging chamber and the battery moving plane; Electric vehicle battery replacement method, characterized in that it is further included. 12. The method of claim 11,
In the charging room,
a traction step of installing the traction device in the charging chamber and lifting the battery with the wire;
a charging terminal connection step of connecting the towed battery to a charging terminal of the charging chamber; Electric vehicle battery replacement method, characterized in that made.

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