Electrobus
Technical field
The invention belongs to the technical field of electrobus, particularly relate to a kind of electrobus, electric motor coach car owner car connects drive trailing type supply unit to improve flying power and quick-replaceable power-supply system.
Background technology
Increasingly serious along with Global Environmental Problems, non-renewable fossil energy is day by day rare, and what the popularization of new-energy automobile and industrialized development became countries in the world Industrial Economic Development pays close attention to field.In the development process of pure electric coach, because the contradiction of course continuation mileage and complete vehicle weight does not solve, the safety issue of lithium cell does not have ripe solution yet, and the production of pure electric coach rests on advanced development all the time, cannot enter the mass production stage.
In these cases, the Extension Model of pure electric coach is confined to bus category substantially, also special line demonstrating running is all limited in, fixed venue is charged, but no matter be from theoretical analysis or actual promotion effect, up to the present all do not obtain the abundant accreditation of vehicle user, also do not crack the fan office of pure electric coach industrialized development.
At present, electrobus is basic or battery is installed at bus body inside, and the curb mass of passenger vehicle will do very large, and improves the Structural strength calls of passenger vehicle, should meet the load bearing requirements that carrying requires also will meet on-vehicle battery; Not only make the curb mass of passenger vehicle very large, also have a strong impact on the course continuation mileage of passenger vehicle.Test proof in addition: general automobile, under legal load, with direct speed, when travelling in good road surface with common speed, only make use of the 40-50% of maximum power under the corresponding rotating speed of driving engine, is only equivalent to 20% of maximum power.This is the huge waste to the energy, and how making full use of this part of energy is exactly the technical program problem place to be solved.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of electrobus, electrobus flying power can be strengthened, realize quick-replaceable supply unit, improve the safety that vehicle travels.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
The supply unit of electrobus, wherein, adopts free-standing trailer structure, includes: vehicle body, control setup, the walking being arranged on body bottom section and stop mechanism and be arranged on vehicle body can travel for electrobus and manipulation provides the battery pack of the energy.
Electrobus, includes main car, and described main car includes power system and control system; Wherein, described electrobus also includes above-mentioned supply unit, and supply unit is connected with main car by towing bindiny mechanism; The battery pack of supply unit connects power system and the control system of main car, and travels for main car and manipulation provides the energy.
Described electrobus includes dangerous automatic releasing device, include dangerous information acquisition module, described dangerous information acquisition module is arranged on main car or is arranged on supply unit, the dangerous information collected is sent to the control system of main car, judge after the control system of main car receives dangerous information, and instruction towing bindiny mechanism carries out disengaging action, supply unit departs from main car automatically.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is as follows:
Electrobus of the present invention, because supply unit adopts free-standing trailer structure, comprises vehicle body, is arranged on the walking of body bottom section and stop mechanism and is arranged on can travel for electrobus and manipulate the battery pack providing the energy on vehicle body; Electrobus equips this supply unit, and supply unit is connected with main car by towing bindiny mechanism; Electrobus also includes dangerous automatic releasing device; Be that main car is powered by supply unit, therefore electric motor coach car owner car only needs to carry a small amount of battery, as emergency source of electrical power; The abnormal alarm pilot signal that dangerous automatic releasing device is sent to electric motor coach car owner car by supply unit, controls this device by driver and electric motor coach car owner car and trailing type supply unit is automatically disengaged, improve safety.Supply unit can complete independently battery charging process, and charging procedure is easy; When electrobus changes supply unit, the standby power supply device that electric motor coach car owner car can select a charging complete is changed, and realizes quick-replaceable battery; The trailing type supply unit changed departs from electric motor coach car owner car, delivers to charge system place, complete independently battery charging process.
The supply unit of electrobus of the present invention and be configured with the electrobus of this supply unit, tool has the following advantages:
1. effectively can increase the course continuation mileage of electrobus.By changing the load mode of battery into trailing type by bearing-type, effectively can improve the service efficiency of motor power (output), the electrical motor reserve horsepower of a part is converted to tractive force acting, actv. alleviates electric motor coach car owner car and traction trailing type supply unit curb mass, traction trailing type supply unit can configure more high-capacity battery pack, to increase course continuation mileage.
2. can realize pulling independently trailing type supply unit only by replacing electrobus rear portion and complete the quick-replaceable of passenger vehicle battery.
3. improve passenger vehicle safety in operation, by dangerous automatic releasing device, automatically can complete electric motor coach car owner car and the disengaging of trailing type supply unit, electrobus relies on and carries emergency source of electrical power region out of danger, to ensure personal security.Dangerous automatic releasing device is supplied to the abnormal alarm pilot signal of electrobus according to trailing type supply unit, automatically electrobus and trailing type supply unit can be departed from by this device by driver, and rely on electrobus self energy to travel region out of danger.
4. supply unit can complete independently battery charging process.The battery pack that described supply unit loads is in process of charging, and supply unit departs from electric motor coach car owner car, in fixing place complete independently battery charging.
5. electric motor coach car owner car only need carry a small amount of battery, as emergency source of electrical power.The necessity of carrying out with satisfied replacing trailing type supply unit moves, and the curb mass of passenger vehicle can reduce greatly.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the integral structure schematic diagram that the present invention is configured with the electrobus employing radial type towing bindiny mechanism embodiment of supply unit;
Fig. 2 is the integral structure schematic diagram that the present invention is configured with the electrobus employing central axle semi-trailer traction type towing bindiny mechanism embodiment of supply unit;
Fig. 3 is the integral structure schematic diagram that the present invention is configured with the electrobus employing semi-trailer traction type towing bindiny mechanism embodiment of supply unit;
Fig. 4 is the full integral structure schematic diagram hanging towed towing bindiny mechanism embodiment of electrobus employing that the present invention is configured with supply unit;
Fig. 5 is the backsight structural representation that the present invention is configured with the electrobus of supply unit;
Fig. 6 is the left TV structure schematic diagram that the present invention is configured with the electrobus of supply unit;
Fig. 7 is the forward sight structural representation that the present invention is configured with the electrobus of supply unit;
Fig. 8 is the plan structure schematic diagram that the present invention is configured with the electrobus of supply unit;
Fig. 9 is the right TV structure schematic diagram that the present invention is configured with the electrobus of supply unit;
Figure 10 is the right side inner structure schematic diagram that the present invention is configured with the electrobus of supply unit;
Figure 11 is the bottom construction schematic diagram that the present invention is configured with the electrobus of supply unit;
Figure 12 is the front interior structural representation that the present invention is configured with the electrobus of supply unit;
Figure 13 is the feed circuit schematic diagram that the present invention is configured with the electrobus of supply unit.
Description of reference numerals:
1, main car, 2, supply unit, 3, towing bindiny mechanism, 20, walking and stop mechanism, 21, back wall assembly, 22, scavenger fan, 23, ball-and-spigot draw gear, 24, hatch door, 25, storing hatch door, 26, Qianmen, 27, front wall assembly, 28, top cover assembly, 29, right side wall assembly, 204, left side battery storing frame, 205, right side battery storing frame, 206, glove box, 207, power-supply controller of electric and electric power system cabin, 209, charge controller cabin, 210, connecting cable storage box.
Detailed description of the invention
Ask for an interview Fig. 1 to Fig. 4, the invention discloses a kind of supply unit 2 of electrobus, wherein, adopt free-standing trailer structure, include: vehicle body, control setup, the walking being arranged on body bottom section and stop mechanism and be arranged on vehicle body can travel for electrobus and manipulation provides the battery pack of the energy.
Ask for an interview shown in Fig. 5 to Figure 12, walking and the stop mechanism 20 of supply unit include: wheel, axletree, suspension and brake equipment; Vehicle body includes: front wall assembly 27, back wall assembly 21, top cover assembly 28, right side wall assembly 29, left side wall assembly and chassis composition carriage body construction; Be provided with battery storing frame in described vehicle body inner chamber, battery pack is fixed on battery storing frame.
Described front wall assembly 27 be provided with for personnel enter change battery and carry out necessary maintenance maintenance Qianmen 26; Top cover assembly 28 is provided with scavenger fan 22; The bottom of right side wall assembly 29 or left side wall assembly, be provided with controller cabin, control setup includes charge controller and power supply controller, all leaves in controller cabin, and described controller cabin is provided with is convenient to the hatch door 24 that personnel carry out operating and adjusting control setup; The bottom of right side wall assembly 29 or left side wall assembly, is provided with storing and supply cable storage chamber: for depositing service tools, accessory and depositing supply cable; Storing and supply cable storage chamber 25 are provided with storing hatch door 25; Control setup is connected with wigwag system electrical.
Or the bottom of right side wall assembly 29 and left side wall assembly is provided with multiple cabin, is respectively: power-supply controller of electric and electric power system cabin 207, glove box 206, connecting cable storage box 210 and charge controller cabin 209.
Battery storing frame can be used for depositing battery, adopts posture to deposit, can load more high-capacity battery pack, to improve flying power.Certain space can be stayed between battery, be convenient to ventilation and heat, be simultaneously also beneficial to and pick and place and change battery.Compartment, according to the full carrying vehicle end structure design of passenger vehicle, has lightweight, that intensity is large feature.Battery storing frame comprises left side battery storing frame 204 and right side battery storing frame 205.
The invention also discloses a kind of electrobus, ask for an interview Fig. 1 to Fig. 4, include main car 1, described main car 1 includes power system and control system; Wherein, described electrobus also includes above-mentioned supply unit 2, and supply unit 2 is connected with main car 1 by towing bindiny mechanism 3; The battery pack of supply unit 2 connects power system and the control system of main car, and travels for main car and manipulation provides the energy.
Described electrobus includes dangerous automatic releasing device, include dangerous information acquisition module, described dangerous information acquisition module is arranged on main car or is arranged on supply unit, the dangerous information collected is sent to the control system of main car, judge after the control system of main car receives dangerous information, and instruction towing bindiny mechanism carries out disengaging action, supply unit departs from main car automatically.
Described towing bindiny mechanism 3 is a kind of radial type or central axle semi-trailer traction type or semi-trailer traction type or entirely hangs towed towing bindiny mechanism.
Described electrobus includes multiple supply unit 2 and is connected to form train type supply unit car group.
The main car 1 of described electrobus includes a small amount of battery as emergency source of electrical power.
The bottom of described supply unit front wall assembly 27 is provided with ball-and-spigot draw gear 23, comprising: clamp handle, handle spring, locking bar and sphere latch; The main car of electrobus is provided with and coordinates with ball-and-spigot draw gear 23 link becoming and pull bindiny mechanism; Described clamp handle is also connected with cylinder, and cylinder and control system are electrically connected and realize automatically disengaging.
As shown in figure 13, the Circuits System of electrobus of the present invention, comprising: electric motor coach car owner car circuit and supply unit circuit, and two parts circuit is connected with signal control cable by supply cable;
Electric motor coach car owner car circuit comprises:
Main car battery: be used for maintaining and change the supply unit necessity of carrying out and move, and in case of emergency the scope out of danger and necessity of carrying out moves, capacity can meet electrobus and to advance the needs of two kilometers of distances;
Power-supply controller of electric: be used for the controller of the management and supervision carrying out battery, controls main car battery and supply unit battery pack carries out discharge and recharge action;
Electrical motor: be used for providing necessary power to electrobus;
Car load and electric machine controller: be used for controlling car load and travel and the operation of electrical motor;
The auxiliary consumer of air-conditioning, Air compressor, light: be used for as driving safety and passenger comfort provide the consumer of necessary guarantee; Be electrically connected with car load and electric machine controller;
By electric controller: be used for accepting the electric power that supply unit provides, deliver power to power-supply controller of electric, and encode to supply unit by signal control cable transfer wigwag and vehicle; Described electric controller is provided with cable interface, source switch, vehicle controller, dc-dc;
Supply unit circuit comprises:
Battery pack: be used for maintaining the electric power required for normal traveling that carries out of electrobus, capacity can meet the needs that electrobus continuation of the journey is greater than 50 kilometers of distances, preferably, can meet the needs that electrobus continuation of the journey is greater than 420 kilometers of distances;
Battery manager: be a kind of controller carrying out the management and supervision of battery pack, and carry out discharge and recharge action for controlling battery;
Power-supply controller: be the electric power of necessity that electrobus provides, and by electric power by supply cable be transported to electric motor coach car owner car by electric controller; And accepting electric motor coach car owner car by the wigwag of signal control cable transfer and vehicle code signal, the vehicle coding according to accepting carries out powering mode adjustment manually or automatically; Cable interface, source switch, vehicle controller, dc-dc and control panel are included;
Charge controller: for by external charge stake, control the charge parameter of whole process of charging, to complete the action of trailing type charging power supply.
Supply unit circuit also comprises the auxiliary consumer of air draft, light, for driving safety and battery heat radiation provide the electricity consumption of necessary guarantee to ensure.
To sum up, the principle of electrobus of the present invention is:
A. proof is tested: existing electrobus, under legal load, with direct speed, when travelling in good road surface with common speed, only make use of the 40-50% of maximum power under the corresponding rotating speed of driving engine, is only equivalent to 20% of maximum power.We utilize a part of power to pull supply unit exactly, improve the service efficiency of motor power (output), actv. alleviates electric motor coach car owner car and traction trailing type supply unit curb mass, traction trailing type supply unit can configure more high-capacity battery, with the needs of satisfied increase course continuation mileage.
B. Electric Bus battery load mode changes trailing type into by bearing-type, and trailing type supply unit can the capacity of cell of loading 60% more than general electrobus.The flying power of electrobus improves 1.26 times, increases flying power successful.
The control step that electrobus of the present invention adopts hitch ball pin linked vector graph can complete disengaging fast comprises:
A. by pulling handle, ball pin is slided up and down, pulling handle downwards when the link on main car arrives link position can be connected electric motor coach car owner car with supply unit; Upwards pull handle when detachment is desired ball pin to be separated with link, electric motor coach car owner car slightly moves forward, and trailing type supply unit departs from.
B. install cylinder additional at handle place and complete knee-action; Can to be completed at steering position by driver and connect and depart from action, the key problem in technology of Here it is quick-replaceable trailing type supply unit.Both can complete quick-replaceable trailing type supply unit by this device, also can automatically complete electric motor coach car owner car and the disengaging of trailing type supply unit at hour of danger, electrobus relies on and carries emergency source of electrical power region out of danger, to ensure personal security.
The workflow changed of electrobus of the present invention for: change trains described in first being served by electrobus district, the main car of mobile electric passenger vehicle is guided to complete the connection with trailing type supply unit, then the electric power system (comprising supply cable, brake piping, wigwag control system) of trailing type supply unit is connected, connect all connections, complete and change trailing type supply unit process.
Obviously, above-described embodiment is only for clearly example being described, and the restriction not to embodiment.For those of ordinary skill in the field, can also make other changes in different forms according to varying in size of equipment on the basis of the above description.Here exhaustive without the need to also giving all embodiments.And thus the apparent change of extending out or variation be still among the protection domain of the invention.Namely above-mentioned listed specific implementation is nonrestrictive, and to one skilled in the art, not departing from the scope of the invention, the various modifications and variations of carrying out, all belong to protection scope of the present invention.