KR20220021690A - Biodegradable pots for seedlings using animal bones and spent mushroom growth medium and its manufacturing method - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a biodegradable seedling pot using an animal bone and a spent mushroom growth medium and a method for manufacturing the same. According to the present invention, an animal bone and a spent mushroom growth medium are mixed with glue and the eco-friendly seedling pot is manufactured such that the animal bone and the spent mushroom growth medium are recycled and biodegraded. According to the present invention, animal bone powder and spent mushroom growth medium powder are mixed at a weight ratio of 1:2 to 2:1 and the mixture is added with glue at a weight ratio of 5:1 to 5:2 in molding the biodegradable seedling pot. The eco-friendly pot can be naturally biodegraded after use and supplies minerals to a plant and soil during the post-plant growth and post-use biodegradation. In addition, the pot can be used in place of general plastic seedling pots, and thus the use of plastics can be reduced. Further, waste can be reduced by recycling discarded animal bones and spent mushroom growth media. The seedling pot itself supplies high-quality nutrients, and thus it is possible to contribute to plant and crop growth and an increase in farm household income.

Description

Biodegradable pots for seedlings using animal bones and spent mushroom growth medium and its manufacturing method}

The present invention relates to a biodegradable seedling pollen using animal bones and mushroom waste medium, and more specifically, it is an environment-friendly product manufactured to be biodegradable while recycling animal bones and mushroom waste medium by mixing animal bones and mushroom waste medium with glue. It relates to a seedling pot and a method for manufacturing the same.

Man-made plastics do not decompose and are not recycled, but are floating around the earth, causing great damage to the earth. According to the report of the European Association of Plastic Manufacturers, as of 2015, Korea ranked first in the world with 132.7 kg of plastic consumption per capita, followed by the United States with 93.8 kg, Japan with 65.8 kg, and China with 57.9 kg.

It takes only 5 seconds to make a plastic straw in a factory, but it takes at least 500 years for a single plastic straw to rot. Worldwide, 330 million tonnes of plastic are produced annually, of which 25% is used for packaging. Packaging plastics are thrown away as soon as they come into our hands, so it is said that 1200 tons of garbage are thrown into the sea every year after going round and round. In fact, it is said that the size of the garbage island in the ocean is four times that of California.

In a paper published in the international scientific journal Nature Earth Science, a research team from Eco Lab, a French environmental research institute, revealed that plastic microparticles are carried by the wind and soar up to 95 km above the ground, flying to every corner of the globe in the air current, polluting the soil, sea and river water. In fact, as a result of collecting and analyzing air samples from the alpine regions of the Pyrenees, the amount of plastic debris was found to be similar to that of large cities with severe plastic pollution. Even though the Pyrenees are famous for clean air, these results came from plastic microparticles generated in other areas flying in the air current, and it can be seen that the damage caused by plastic microparticles is great. These microplastics also affect humans, and according to the research results of Greenpeace, microplastics were detected in 90% of salt products sold in 21 countries around the world, and it was confirmed that they were also detected in 170 kinds of seafood such as mussels and oysters.

Agricultural plastics, including vinyl, were the driving force of the white revolution that enabled the Korean people to supply desired agricultural products at the desired time. As of 2017, 310,000 tons of agricultural plastics were used, and it is estimated that about 110,000 tons of waste plastics were left in the agricultural environment. In the case of mulching film, it is true that it has contributed to the increase in yield, but as the residual amount increases, it can also cause a decrease in yield, inhibition of the activity of soil microorganisms, death of livestock, and damage to agricultural machinery. Due to these problems, the government is making efforts to collect waste plastic and pesticide containers from rural areas.

However, most of the research on waste plastics is about recycling technology, and there have been few studies on developing materials that can replace plastics or reducing the use of plastics.

Food waste we eat and throw away is incinerated or recycled as fertilizer or raw material. However, there are many foods that we consider to be food waste but are classified as general waste. Food waste classified as general waste varies by region, but roots such as chives, green onions and water parsley, red pepper seeds, red pepper stems, onions, garlic, ginger, corn husks, corn stalks, and rice husks (dry and hard husks, soil hard shells such as walnuts, chestnuts, peanuts, acorns, pineapples, etc.; seeds of core fruits such as peaches, apricots and persimmons; hairs of cattle, pigs, chickens, etc., bones, fat, intestines, conch, clams, sea urchins, oysters , crab, crayfish shells (if it is difficult to distinguish them because they have lean meat on them, they can be disposed of as food waste), fish bones, pufferfish intestines (discharged as general waste due to toxicity), shells such as eggs, quail eggs, duck eggs, green tea tea bags , herbal remnants, etc.

Among the foods classified as general waste, animal bones such as chicken and pig's feet, which are commonly encountered in daily life, are used in organic farming or composted, but most of them are simply thrown away.

Regarding animal bones, there are many studies on using animal bones to manufacture fertilizer or compost, and there are many studies on how to extract and use specific ingredients from animal bones or how these substances affect the growth and pathology of other living things. . However, there have been few studies on the use of animal bones in relation to agricultural materials.

Mushroom waste medium is a medium discarded after being used to grow mushrooms, and contains various functional substances depending on the type of mushroom grown.

Glue (阿膠) is made by boiling animal skins, tendons, bone marrow, etc. and extracting only gelatin-based ingredients. It is a dark brown, slightly transparent solid. Glue is used as an adhesive in a wide range of fields, and gelatin is used for food such as confectionery, and since it does not cause hypersensitivity due to its lack of antigenicity, it is also used as a photosensitive film, hemostatic agent, medicinal capsule, protective colloid, and painting. Glue, whose main component is gelatin, does not dissolve in organic solvents, dissolves gradually in cold water, increases in volume, dissolves very well in hot water to form a colloid with high tenacity, and becomes an elastic solid solution at room temperature at a concentration of 2 to 3% or more .

Korean Patent Publication No. 10-2005-0092008 Korea Utility Model Publication No. 96-29999 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-231372 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2002-262671

The present invention is biodegradable and eco-friendly by using discarded animal bones and mushroom waste medium, supplies minerals and various nutrients to plants and soil after use, reduces waste by recycling waste resources, and can replace plastic It aims to provide a pot for seedlings with

In the present invention to achieve the above object,

To provide a biodegradable potted plant for seedlings molded by adding glue to a mixture of animal bone powder and mushroom lung medium powder in a weight ratio of 1:2 to 2:1 by weight in a weight ratio of 5:1 to 5:2.

In the flowerpot, the animal bone powder is washed with animal bones; removing the flesh and fat by soaking and boiling the washed animal bones; Natural drying of animal bones from which flesh and fat have been removed for 1 to 2 hours; drying the naturally-dried animal bones in a dryer at 110-140° C. for 22-26 hours; and pulverizing dried animal bones into powder to obtain animal bone powder.

In the pot, the powder of the mushroom waste medium is preferably obtained by pulverizing a waste medium of one or more mushrooms selected from reishi mushroom, oyster mushroom, shiitake mushroom, oyster mushroom, oyster mushroom, and enoki mushroom.

In the flowerpot, the glue is preferably added in the form of glue powder or a mixture of glue powder and physiological saline.

It is preferable that the flowerpot is coated on the surface with rosin or a glue solution after the molding.

In addition, in the present invention,

Washing animal bones, removing flesh and fat, drying naturally for 1 to 2 hours, drying at 110 to 140° C. for 22 to 26 hours, and pulverizing to obtain animal bone powder; pulverizing the mushroom waste medium to obtain a mushroom waste medium powder; mixing animal bone powder and mushroom lung medium powder in a weight ratio of 1:2 to 2:1; adding a glue to the mixture of the animal bone powder and the mushroom lung medium powder in a weight ratio of 5:1 to 5:2; forming a mixture of the animal bone powder, mushroom waste medium powder, and glue into pollen; And it provides a method for producing a biodegradable seedling pot, comprising the step of drying the molded potted plant.

The manufacturing method may further include the step of coating the surface of the flowerpot with rosin or a glue solution after the molding.

In the present invention, discarded animal bones are made into powder, mixed with mushroom waste medium discarded after mushroom cultivation, and glue is added to form a potted plant for seedlings.

The flowerpot of the present invention is eco-friendly because it can be naturally biodegradable after use, has an effect of supplying minerals to plants and soil in the process of plant growth and biodegradation after use, and can be used instead of commonly used plastic seedling pots, so plastic can reduce the use of In addition, it is possible to reduce waste by recycling discarded animal bones and mushroom waste medium, and furthermore, by supplying high-quality nutrients to the seedling pollen itself, it can positively affect the growth of plants and crops, thereby contributing to an increase in farm household income.

1 shows a process for preparing bone powder using a pig's foot bone.
2 shows a process for preparing a glue solution.
3 shows the prepared animal bone waste medium pollen.
4 is a photograph showing the process of coating the surface of the prepared animal bone waste medium pot with a glue solution.
5 shows the process and results of testing the strength of animal bone waste medium pollen.
Figure 6 shows the experimental results of sprouting kidney bean seeds in the animal bone waste medium pot of the present invention.
Figure 7 shows the experimental results of growing saponica seedlings in pollen of animal bone waste medium of the present invention.
8 is a graph showing the results of analyzing the components of the soil after cultivating plants in the animal bone waste medium pots of the present invention.

The present invention relates to a biodegradable seedling pollen molded by adding glue to a mixture of animal bone powder and mushroom waste medium powder, and a method for manufacturing the same.

As a raw material for manufacturing animal bone powder, discarded animal bones such as chicken and pig's feet may be used. Among animal bones, it is preferable to use pig's feet, because large quantities are readily available.

Animal bone powder, preferably, washing the animal bones; removing the flesh and fat by soaking and boiling the washed animal bones; Natural drying of animal bones from which flesh and fat have been removed for 1 to 2 hours; drying the naturally-dried animal bones in a dryer at 110-140° C. for 22-26 hours; and pulverizing the dried animal bones into powder to obtain animal bone powder.

First, the animal bones are washed to remove foreign substances attached to the animal bones. Washed animal bones are soaked, boiled, and washed to completely remove the flesh and fat attached to the animal bones. In order to completely remove the flesh and fat attached to the bones, they must be soaked and boiled for a sufficient time. In the case of using large bones such as pig's feet, there is a lot of fat and protein. Rinse the boiled animal bones in cold water.

After removing the flesh and fat, dry the animal bones naturally for 1 to 2 hours, and then dry them in a dryer at 110-140°C for 22-26 hours. If the bone is dried at too high a temperature, the smell deteriorates, so drying at a temperature of 110 to 140 ° C is preferable, and drying at 120 to 130 ° C is more preferable. Bone that is not dried properly is not crushed well when crushed with a grinder, so it is recommended to dry it sufficiently.

Dried animal bones are crushed into powder. At this time, it is preferable to use a grinder to make large pieces, and then use a mortar to grind it until it becomes a fine powder. The pulverized animal bone powder is sieved to obtain animal bone powder with a certain particle size, and the unfiltered parts are collected separately and pulverized again.

The obtained animal bone powder is preferably stored at room temperature until use.

Mushroom waste medium uses the medium discarded after cultivating mushrooms. As for the medium for mushroom cultivation, some of the raw materials of the medium are different depending on the type of mushroom to be grown, and the components of the waste medium may also be partially different. However, the mushroom waste medium has in common that it contains common raw materials such as plant fiber derived from wood, sawdust, and rice bran, and various functional substances produced from cultivated mushrooms.

The type of mushroom in the mushroom waste medium is not particularly limited. Preferably, a waste medium of one or more mushrooms selected from among reishi mushroom, oyster mushroom, shiitake mushroom, oyster mushroom, king oyster mushroom, and enoki mushroom may be used.

Mushroom waste medium is used in the form of mushroom waste medium powder by pulverizing it into particles of a size similar to that of animal bone powder using a grinder.

Animal bone powder and mushroom lung medium powder are preferably mixed and used in a weight ratio of 1:2 to 2:1. It is desirable to increase the ratio of animal bone powder in order to increase the strength of pollen, and to increase the ratio of mushroom waste medium powder in order to make flowers bloom faster or to accelerate plant growth.

In the preliminary experiment, when the pollen was prepared by mixing only the glue with the animal bone powder without mixing the mushroom waste medium, the moldability was also poor and the plant did not grow well. When the animal bone powder and the mushroom waste medium powder were mixed in the above range, the moldability was improved and the growth of the plant was also performed well.

Glue imparts viscosity and moldability to the mixture of animal bone powder and mushroom waste medium powder. It is added in the form of glue powder or in the form of a glue solution dissolved by mixing glue and physiological saline. If the moisture content of the mushroom waste medium is high, it is preferable to add it in the form of glue powder. In the case of the glue solution, it is preferable to mix the glue and physiological saline in a weight ratio of 1:2 to 1:4, and more preferably mix them in a weight ratio of 1:3. The glue becomes a gel when left in its natural state, and melts when used.

It is preferable to add the glue to the mixture of animal bone powder and mushroom lung medium powder in a weight ratio of 5:1 to 5:2. When using a glue solution, it is based on the weight of the glue contained in the glue solution. When the glue exceeds the weight ratio of 5:2, the adhesion between the animal bone and mushroom waste medium powder and the glue becomes too high, resulting in poor moldability, and the glue component leaks from the pot and hardens the soil, which has a negative impact on plant growth. It was not desirable as it could affect it. In addition, when the amount of the glue used is reduced to less than 5:1, the moldability deteriorates and the strength of the flowerpot is also deteriorated, which is undesirable.

Glue is added to animal bone powder and mushroom waste medium powder, and then kneaded to form a flowerpot. The molded flowerpot is dried for 7 to 15 days to complete the animal bone waste medium planter.

Glue melts at 40℃ or higher, so it cannot be dried in a dryer. It is preferable to dry it for about 1 week in a well-ventilated place. However, it can be dried faster by air drying using a fan, etc. while blowing in the wind. In this case, it can be dried in one day. In addition, in the case of using a glue solution with a high content of physiological saline, it is preferable to dry it for 15 days or more in a well-ventilated place.

In a preferred embodiment, the surface of the molded flowerpot is coated with rosin or glue. Resin coating is extracted (emulsified) from natural rosin to form a strong film, and rosin products used for wood coating can be used. Glue solution used for making flowerpots from above can be used if the glue solution is limited. That is, preferably, the surface of the pot can be coated using a glue solution in which glue and physiological saline are mixed in a weight ratio of 1:2 to 1:4. The glue coated on the surface of the pot becomes a gel and hardens.

The method for producing a biodegradable seedling pollen of the present invention comprises:

Washing animal bones, removing flesh and fat, drying naturally for 1 to 2 hours, drying at 110 to 140° C. for 22 to 26 hours, and pulverizing to obtain animal bone powder;

pulverizing the mushroom waste medium to obtain a mushroom waste medium powder;

mixing animal bone powder and mushroom lung medium powder in a weight ratio of 1:2 to 2:1;

adding a glue to the mixture of the animal bone powder and the mushroom lung medium powder in a weight ratio of 5:1 to 5:2;

forming a mixture of the animal bone powder, mushroom waste medium powder, and glue into pollen;

and drying the flowerpot.

The drying is preferably air-dried for 7 to 15 days or air-dried for 1 day using a fan or the like.

Preferably, it may further comprise the step of coating the surface of the flowerpot with rosin or glue after the molding.

The description of each composition is the same as the description of the seedling pot above.

The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the following examples. These examples illustrate the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.

<Production Example 1>

Production of animal bone powder

As a raw material for manufacturing animal bone powder, pig's foot bone among animal bones was used. Pork feet were boiled for 6 hours and then washed to remove fat and meat attached to the bones. After removing the fat and meat, the bones were dried naturally for 1 hour and then dried in a dryer at 130℃ for 24 hours.

The dried bones were crushed into an appropriate size in a metal mortar and then crushed in a stainless steel grinder. The powder from the grinder was sieved and filtered to a certain size.

The manufacturing process of such animal bone powder is shown in FIG. 1 .

<Preparation Example 2>

Preparation of Glue Solution

60 g of glue powder and 180 g of physiological saline were mixed and dissolved. If the temperature is not kept constant in the case of melting with a hot water bath, it will harden again, so it was melted while stirring continuously at 60°C using a hot plate.

The manufacturing process of such a glue solution is shown in FIG. 2 .

<Production Example 3>

Mushroom waste medium manufacture of powder

As a mushroom waste medium, the medium remaining after growing oyster mushrooms and reishi mushrooms was used.

Mushroom waste medium remaining after growing mushrooms was pulverized with a grinder to prepare powder of particles similar to animal bone powder.

<Example 1>

Preparation of animal bone waste medium pollen

A pollen of animal bone waste medium was prepared by mixing 68 g of animal bone powder, 132 g of mushroom waste medium powder and 65 g of glue powder. The prepared animal bone waste medium pots are shown in FIG. 3 .

As shown in FIG. 3 , the pollen in which the animal bone powder, the mushroom waste medium powder and the glue were mixed was well made due to the adhesion between the moisture-containing mushroom waste medium and the glue.

<Example 2>

Preparation of animal bone waste medium pollen

Animal bone waste medium pot was prepared by mixing 200 g of a mixture of animal bone powder and mushroom waste medium powder in a weight ratio of 2:1 and 160 g of glue.

<Example 3>

Preparation of animal bone waste medium pollen

Animal bone waste medium pot was prepared by mixing 200 g of a mixture of animal bone powder and mushroom waste medium powder in a weight ratio of 1:1 and 160 g of glue.

<Example 4>

Preparation of animal bone waste medium pollen

After making animal bone waste medium pots in the same manner as in Example 1, the surface of the pots was coated with the glue prepared in Preparation Example 2. 4 is a photograph showing the process of coating with a glue solution.

<Experimental Example 1>

Strength test of animal bone waste medium pollen

The strength of the animal bone waste medium pollen prepared in Example 1 was confirmed as follows.

Soil was placed in a potted plant of animal bone waste medium, and water was injected daily to observe the strength and change of the pot. The experimental process and results are shown in FIG. 5 .

As shown in Figure 5, as time passed, the pollen absorbed water, and the hard pollen became moist and soft. The experiment was carried out by putting it inside, and on the 5th day, the flowerpot broke. Based on this experiment, it was concluded that it is desirable to use the surface of the pot by coating it with glue or resin.

<Experimental Example 2>

Kidney bean seed germination experiment

The growth of kidney beans in potted animal bone waste media was tested.

Animal bone powder and mushroom waste medium powder were mixed in a weight ratio of 1:1, 2:1, and 1:2, respectively, and glue was mixed to make three pots. The process of sprouting and growing was observed by planting 4 kidney beans each day soaked in uniform topsoil in each pot. A photograph after 15 days have elapsed since the kidney beans were planted is shown in FIG. 6 .

As shown in Fig. 6, the shape of the pot was maintained even while growing only in pots without growing in the soil, and the potted plants in which animal bone powder and mushroom waste medium powder were mixed in a weight ratio of 2:1 grew the most strongly. . However, mold grows between the gaps in the pot, and waterproofing is required.

It was confirmed that the ratio of animal bones should be increased to make the pots strong.

< Experimental Example 3>

Cactus seedling growth experiment

We tested the growth of sapling seedlings in pollen from animal bone waste media.

Animal bone powder and mushroom lung medium were mixed in a weight ratio of 1:1, 2:1, and 1:2, respectively, and glue was mixed to make three pots. A uniform topsoil was placed in each pot, planted in the same size cut flower seedlings, and the condition of the pot was observed. 7 shows a photograph after 7 days have passed since the seedlings of the chrysanthemum seedlings were planted.

As shown in FIG. 7 , the seedlings grown in a pot prepared by mixing animal bone powder and mushroom waste medium powder in a weight ratio of 1:2 among the animal bone waste medium pots grew best and bloomed first, and the flowers bloomed first in other pots. Compared to that, it was observed to grow by 1 cm more during 7 days. It was observed that there was a greater advantage in terms of leaf thickness than the number of individuals when observing the condition of the leaves of the calendula flower.

When adjusting the ratio of animal bones and waste media, it was confirmed that in order to flower well, the ratio of waste media should be increased, and it can be seen that the degree of mold growth is less when exposed to sunlight.

<Experimental Example 4>

Analysis of soil composition according to the composition ratio of animal bone waste medium pollen after plant cultivation

As experimental samples, potted plants prepared by mixing animal bones and waste media in a 1:1 ratio (potted plant 1), potted plants prepared by mixing animal bones and waste media 1:2 in pots (pots 2), and animal bones and waste media were used as experimental samples. A pot (pot 3) prepared by mixing 2:1 was used, and a general plastic pot (pot 4) was used for comparison. Kidney beans were grown by mixing the same amount of soil in each pot. Soil from potted plants that had been grown for more than one month after growing kidney beans was requested to the Jeil Analysis Center for compositional analysis.

The results of analysis of soil components according to the mixing ratio of animal bones and waste medium after plant cultivation are shown in Table 1 and FIG. 8 below.

Analysis items flowerpot 1 flowerpot 2 flowerpot 3 flowerpot 4 ammonia nitrogen 87.53 751.64 1962.10 124.69 organic matter 39.19 32.41 41.82 35.75 salt(%) 0.75 0.62 0.71 0.57 CFC 40.00 40.61 37.66 40.90 nitrogen(%) 0.95 0.91 1.11 0.53 Effective phosphoric acid (mg/kg) 181.0 522.7 648.8 1109.3 Substitutable Calcium 1812.5 1819.5 1602.5 1937.5 Substitutable sodium 1363.6 1435.6 1317.6 1329.6

As a result, ammonia nitrogen, which supplies amino acids necessary for plant growth, and organic matter that serves to stimulate the activity of microorganisms and supply nutrients to plants, are pollen produced by mixing animal bones and waste medium in a ratio of 2:1. (Plant 3) had the highest soil. The effective phosphoric acid for judging the value of fertilizer was highest in the soil of potted plants (pot 2) prepared by mixing animal bones and waste medium 1:2. The soil of the plastic pot (pot 4) had the highest substitutional calcium, and the soil of the plant (pot 2) prepared by mixing animal bones and waste medium 1:2 in substitutional sodium was the highest. There was no significant difference in salinity, nitrogen, and CEC.

Claims (7)

A biodegradable seedling pot molded by adding glue in a weight ratio of 5:1 to 5:2 to a mixture of animal bone powder and mushroom waste medium powder in a weight ratio of 1:2 to 2:1. The method of claim 1,
The animal bone powder,
washing animal bones;
removing the flesh and fat by soaking and boiling the washed animal bones and washing them;
Naturally drying the animal bones from which the flesh and fat have been removed for 1 to 2 hours;
drying the naturally-dried animal bones in a dryer at 110-140° C. for 22-26 hours; and
A biodegradable seedling pollen, characterized in that it is produced by a method comprising the step of pulverizing dried animal bones into powder to obtain animal bone powder. The method of claim 1,
The mushroom waste medium powder is biodegradable seedling pollen, characterized in that it is obtained by pulverizing the waste medium of one or more mushrooms selected from reishi mushroom, oyster mushroom, shiitake mushroom, oyster mushroom, king oyster mushroom, and enoki mushroom. The method of claim 1,
The glue is a biodegradable seedling pollen, characterized in that it is added in the form of glue powder or a mixture of glue powder and physiological saline. 5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
A biodegradable seedling pot, characterized in that the surface of the pot is coated with rosin or glue after the molding. Washing animal bones, removing flesh and fat, drying naturally for 1 to 2 hours, drying at 110 to 140° C. for 22 to 26 hours, and pulverizing to obtain animal bone powder;
pulverizing the mushroom waste medium to obtain a mushroom waste medium powder;
mixing animal bone powder and mushroom lung medium powder in a weight ratio of 1:2 to 2:1;
adding a glue to the mixture of the animal bone powder and the mushroom lung medium powder in a weight ratio of 5:1 to 5:2;
forming a mixture of the animal bone powder, mushroom waste medium powder, and glue into pollen;
A method for producing a biodegradable seedling pot, comprising the step of drying the molded pot. 7. The method of claim 6,
Method for producing a biodegradable seedling pot, characterized in that it further comprises the step of coating the surface of the pot with rosin or glue after the molding.

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