KR20210012229A - Combustible combustible waste heat recovery equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a combustible waste combustion device for heat energy recovery, which can improve efficiency and reduce operating costs. The combustible waste combustion device for heat energy recovery of the present invention comprises: a body having a fuel port and a mechanism; a rotary grate device installed in a lower portion of a combustion chamber to rotate a combustible waste; and a decatalyst oxidation combustion device installed in the combustion chamber through a bore of a rotating hollow shaft.

Description

Combustible combustible waste heat recovery equipment for heat energy recovery

The present invention relates to a combustible waste combustion apparatus for recovering thermal energy, and more particularly, to a combustible waste combustion apparatus for recovering thermal energy to use heat energy by burning combustible waste.

Landfilling of various combustible wastes such as waste plastic, waste vinyl, and waste tires causes serious environmental pollution. For the recycling of combustible waste, technologies such as energy recycling, material recycling, and chemical recycling are being actively researched and developed. Energy recycling technology uses thermal energy obtained by burning combustible waste. Combustible wastes are manufactured from waste plastic fuel (RPF), waste derived fuel (RDF), etc. to increase combustion efficiency in combustion systems.

Combustion apparatus for combustible waste can be easily found in many patent documents such as Korean Patent Nos. 10-0791972 and 10-0849930. The combustion apparatus for combustible waste is composed of a main body, a rotary combustion unit, a heating apparatus, a decatalytic oxidation combustion apparatus, and a slag removal apparatus. The main body has a combustion chamber for combusting combustible waste introduced through a fuel port, an exhaust port for discharging combustion gas, and a cultivation port for discharging ash. The rotary combustion unit is installed in the lower part of the combustion chamber to rotate the combustible waste. The heating device ignites and combusts combustible waste supplied to the combustion chamber. The decatalytic oxidation combustion device penetrates the center of the upper surface of the main body and is installed in the upper part of the combustion chamber.

However, in the combustion apparatus for combustible waste as described above, since the heavy and long decatalytic oxidation combustion apparatus is installed through the ceiling of the combustion chamber, installation and maintenance of the decatalytic oxidation combustion apparatus is very difficult. On the other hand, the decatalytic oxidation combustion device is highly likely to be damaged by high temperature corrosion. When the decatalytic oxidation combustion device is damaged during operation of the combustion device, there is a very high concern that a safety accident may occur that damages the main body, the rotary combustion unit, the slag removal device, etc. as the damaged decatalytic oxidation combustion device falls. In particular, an explosion accident due to damage to the main body carries a risk that may cause a personal accident.

In addition, the exhaust gas of the combustion apparatus for combustible waste must be maintained at a temperature of 850° C. or higher to increase the efficiency of the heat energy recovered from the exhaust gas. However, there is a disadvantage in that the decatalyst, for example, air for cooling, is injected from the nozzles of the decatalyzed oxidation combustion device around the exhaust port to significantly lower the temperature of the exhaust gas. Therefore, in order to maintain the temperature of the exhaust gas, a secondary heating device such as a burner must be separately installed to heat the exhaust gas, so there is a problem that the operation cost is increased.

Meanwhile, the rotary combustion unit has an air chamber for supplying air injected into the combustion chamber. However, there is a disadvantage that the surface of the rotary combustion unit is easily overheated because the air in the air chamber is heated to a high temperature before being injected and is injected into the combustion chamber.

When the surface of the rotary combustion unit is overheated, the melting point of the combustible waste increases, and there is a problem that the clinker is fixed to the surface of the rotary combustion unit. A slag removal device installed in a high-temperature combustion chamber has a problem of significantly shortening its life due to high-temperature corrosion, like a decatalytic oxidation combustion device.

The present invention was conceived to solve the various problems as described above, and an object of the present invention is that a decatalytic oxidation combustion device is installed through the bottom of a combustion chamber, and installation and maintenance are performed by a fastening structure of pipes. It is to provide a combustible waste combustion device for heat energy recovery that can be carried out easily.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a combustible waste combustion apparatus for recovering heat energy that can accurately control the temperature of exhaust gas to improve efficiency and reduce operating costs.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a combustible waste combustion apparatus for recovering heat energy capable of preventing surface overheating by an insulating roof of a rotary grate device.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a combustible waste combustion apparatus for recovering heat energy that can guarantee a lifespan by a structure in which the slag removal apparatus can enter and exit the combustion chamber.

A characteristic of the present invention for achieving these objects is a main body having a combustion chamber for combusting combustible waste therein, and having a fuel port for inputting combustible waste and an exhaust port for discharging exhaust gas; It is installed to rotate combustible waste in the lower part of the combustion chamber, penetrates into the bottom of the combustion chamber and has a bore for supplying air from the outside, and the center of the rotating hollow shaft is arranged in the lower part of the combustion chamber. The combined disk, an insulating roof mounted on the upper surface of the disk to form an air chamber connected to the bore of the rotary hollow shaft, a plurality of unit grates covered on the upper surface of the insulating roof and placing combustible waste, and rotating hollow A rotary grate device consisting of a plurality of first nozzles mounted on the unit grate to inject air supplied through the shaft bore into the combustion chamber, and a driving means connected to the rotary hollow shaft to rotate the rotary hollow shaft. Wow; It is installed in the combustion chamber through the bore of the rotary hollow shaft, a plurality of pipes having a bore for supplying catalyst gas from the outside are arranged in the combustion chamber, and a plurality of second nozzles are provided to inject catalyst gas into the pipes. It is in a combustible waste combustion device for recovering heat energy including a decatalytic oxidation combustion device installed.

1 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of a combustible waste combustion apparatus for recovering heat energy according to the present invention;
Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of a rotary grate device and a decatalytic oxidation combustion device in the combustible waste combustion device for heat energy recovery according to the present invention;
3 is a perspective view showing the configuration of a rotary grate device in the combustible waste combustion device for recovering heat energy according to the present invention;
4 is a plan view showing the configuration of a rotary grate device in a combustible waste combustion apparatus for recovering heat energy according to the present invention;
5 is a plan view showing the configuration of another example of a rotary grate device in the combustible waste combustion apparatus for recovering heat energy according to the present invention;
6 is a front view showing the configuration of a slag removal device in the combustible waste combustion device for heat energy recovery according to the present invention;
7 and 8 are front views illustrating the operation of the slag removal apparatus in the combustible waste combustion apparatus for heat energy recovery according to the present invention.

Other objects, specific advantages and novel features of the present invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description and preferred embodiments associated with the accompanying drawings.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of a combustible waste combustion apparatus for recovering heat energy according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

First, referring to FIG. 1, a combustible waste combustion apparatus for recovering heat energy according to the present invention includes a main body 10 configured in an upright cylindrical shape. A combustion chamber 12 capable of combusting combustible waste 2 is provided inside the main body 10. A fuel port 14 for inputting the combustible waste 2 is formed on one side of the outer surface of the main body 10, and an exhaust port 16 for discharging exhaust gas is formed on the upper outer surface. The combustion chamber 12 is divided into a lower primary combustion chamber 12a and an upper secondary combustion chamber 12b based on a horizontal line 16a extending horizontally from the lower end of the exhaust port 16.

A cultivation outlet 18 for discharging ash and an entrance 22 that can be opened or closed by the door 20 are respectively configured under the outer surface of the main body 10. An ignition device 24 for ignition of the combustible waste 2 and a plurality of oxygen supply devices 26 for supplying combustion oxygen to the combustion chamber 12 are installed on one side of the main body 10.

1 to 4, a combustible waste combustion apparatus for recovering heat energy according to the present invention includes a rotary grate device 30 installed in a lower portion of the combustion chamber 12. The rotary grate device 30 includes a rotating hollow shaft 32, a disk 34, an insulating roof 36, a plurality of unit grates 38, a plurality of first nozzles 40 and a driving device 44. Consists of.

The rotary hollow shaft 32 is mounted to pass through the center of the bottom of the combustion chamber 12 and has a bore 32a for supplying air from the outside. A plurality of holes 32b connected to the bore 32a are formed along the circumferential direction on the outer surface of the rotary hollow shaft 32 protruding from the bottom of the combustion chamber 12. A shaft hole 34a is formed in the center of the disk 34, and a rotary hollow shaft 32 is fixedly penetrated through the shaft hole 34a.

The insulating roof 36 is configured in a conical shape by the construction of an insulating material so as to form an air chamber 36a on the upper surface of the disk 34. In FIGS. 1 and 2, the insulating roof 36 is illustrated and described in a conical shape, but this is illustrative, and the insulating roof 36 has its center at its apex so that the combustible waste 2 can slide down from the center to the edge. It may be configured in various shapes, for example, a dome type. A rotary hollow shaft 32 is fixed in the center of the insulating roof 36. A plurality of polygonal holes 36b connected to the air chamber 36a are formed in the thermal insulation roof 36. Although the holes 36b in FIG. 3 are illustrated and described as being formed in a polygonal shape, the holes 36b may be configured in a circular shape.

The plurality of unit grates 38 are covered on the upper surface of the insulating roof 36. The unit grate 38 is formed in a fan shape.

The fan-shaped unit grates 38 are radially arranged on the outer surface of the insulating roof 36 with respect to the rotary hollow shaft 32. A plurality of polygonal holes 38a are formed in the unit grate 38 to be connected to the polygonal holes 36b of the insulating roof 36. Polygonal holes 38a are arranged at regular intervals in the unit gratings 38.

The plurality of first nozzles 40 inject air supplied from the air chamber 36a into the combustion chamber 12. The first nozzles 40 have polygonal fitting portions 40a that are fitted to the polygonal holes 38a to prevent rotation. The polygon fitting portion 40a may be fitted into the polygonal hole 36a. The driving device 44 is composed of a motor 46 that provides a driving force for the rotation of the rotating hollow shaft 32, and a chain drive device 48 that transmits the driving force of the motor 46 to the rotating hollow shaft 32. Has been. The lower end of the rotary hollow shaft 32 is rotatably connected to a duct 52 of the air supply device 50 installed outside the main body 10. The air supply device 50 may be composed of a known blower, air compressor, or the like.

Refrigerant pipes 42 forming a flow path of the refrigerant are installed on the upper surfaces of the insulating roofs 36 in a buried type. The refrigerant pipes 42 are connected to a known cooling water supply device that supplies a refrigerant, for example cooling water. The unit grates 38 are cooled by the cooling water flowing along the refrigerant pipes 42, so that overheating of the unit grates 38 can be effectively prevented.

1 and 2, a combustible waste combustion apparatus for recovering thermal energy according to the present invention includes a decatalytic oxidation combustion apparatus 60 for supplying a catalyst gas to the combustion chamber 12. The decatalytic oxidation combustion device 60 includes a plurality of pipes 62 and a plurality of second nozzles 64.

The pipes 62 have a bore 62a forming a passage for supplying a catalyst gas, and are coupled to be separated by a screw fastening structure. The ends of the end pipes 62-1 disposed at the ends of the pipes 62 are closed.

The end of the end pipe 62-1 is disposed below the horizontal line 16a. A plurality of holes 62b are formed on the outer surfaces of the pipes 62 arranged in the combustion chamber 12 so as to be connected to the bore 62a. The second nozzles 64 are coupled to the holes 62b of the pipes 62. The second nozzles 64 inject catalyst gas supplied through the bore 62a of the pipes 62 into the combustion chamber 12. Since the pipes 62 are located in the primary combustion chamber 12a, the catalyst gas is injected only through the second nozzle 64 to the primary combustion chamber 12a.

The pipe 62 exposed to the lower portion of the main body 10 is connected to supply the catalyst gas to the catalyst gas supply device 66. The catalyst gas supply device 66 is composed of a reservoir that stores catalyst gas, a compressor that compresses and supplies the catalyst gas in the reservoir, and a flow controller that controls and supplies the catalyst gas.

1, 6 to 8, the energy recovery combustion apparatus for combustible waste according to the present invention includes a slag removal device 70 for removing slag, ash, etc. from the upper surface of the unit grate 38. The slag removal device 70 includes a frame 72, a guide rail 74, a carriage 76, a movable pipe 78, a plurality of rakes 80 and a linear actuator 82. It consists of. The frame 72 is installed on the outside of the main body 10 so as to be close to the entrance 22 of the main body 10. The guide rail 74 is mounted on the upper portion of the frame 72, and the carriage 76 is mounted so as to move linearly along the guide rail 74.

One end of the movable pipe 78 is fixed to the carriage 76, and the other end is aligned with the entrance 22 so as to be able to enter and exit through the entrance 22 of the main body 10. The movable pipe 78 has a bore 70a for supplying air from the outside. A plurality of holes 78b are formed in the lower outer surface of the movable pipe 78 to be connected to the bore 78a. The rakes 80 are coupled to the holes 78b of the movable pipe 78 so that they can be disposed between the first nozzles 40, and the air supplied through the bore 78a is transferred to the rotary grate device 30. It has a spray hole (80a) connected to the bore (78a) so as to spray on the upper surface of the.

The linear actuator 82 is composed of a servo motor 82a, a pinion 82b, and a rack 82c. The servo motor 82a is mounted on the carriage 76 to provide a driving force capable of linearly moving the carriage 76. The pinion 82b is connected to the servomotor 82a so that it can rotate by driving the servomotor 82a. The rack 82c is mounted on the guide rail 74 along the lengthwise direction, and is engaged with the pinion 82b.

The slag removal device 70 further includes a lifting device 90 for lifting the guide rail 74 with respect to the frame 72. The lifting device 90 is composed of a pair of air cylinders 92 mounted on both upper sides of the frame 72 so that both ends of the guide rail 74 can be lifted. The cylinder housing 92a of the air cylinders 92 is fixed to the upper portion of the frame 72, and the cylinder rod 92b is fixed to the guide rail 74. When the cylinder rod 92b is advanced by the operation of the air cylinders 92, the guide rail 74 is raised from the frame 72, and the lower ends of the rakes 80 are positioned higher than the upper ends of the first nozzles 40. It will become. When the cylinder rod 92b is retracted by the operation of the air cylinders 92, the guide rail 74 is lowered to be close to the upper surface of the frame 72, and the rakes 80 are between the first nozzles 40. It will be placed. The lifting device 90 may be composed of a solenoid, a manual jack, a pneumatic jack, or the like instead of the air cylinders 92. In addition, the lifting device 90 may be configured with a lifter capable of lifting the frame 72.

Hereinafter, the operation of the combustible waste combustion apparatus for recovering heat energy according to the present invention having such a configuration will be described.

1 and 2, the operator inserts combustible waste such as waste plastic solid fuel and waste solid fuel into the combustion chamber 12 through the fuel port 14 of the main body 10, and then the oxygen supplier 26 Oxygen is supplied to the combustion chamber 12 by the operation of the field, and the combustible waste 2 is ignited and combusted by the operation of the ignition device 24. The combustible waste (2) that is put into the combustion chamber (12) is accumulated on the top of the rotary grate device (30). The driving force of the motor 46 is transmitted to the rotary hollow shaft 32 by the operation of the chain transmission device 48, and the rotary grate device 30 is rotated together with the rotary hollow shaft 32. The combustible waste 2 is burned while flowing naturally from the top of the rotary grate device 30 to the edge. The combustible waste 2 is first burned in the primary combustion chamber 12a, and the combustion gas generated by the combustion of the combustible waste 2 is secondary combusted in the secondary combustion chamber 12b.

Air for combustion is supplied to the bore 32a of the rotary hollow shaft 32 by the operation of the air supply device 50. Air is injected into the combustion chamber 12 through the holes 32b, the air chamber 36a and the first nozzle 40 to generate a vortex flame. The eddy flame extends the residence time of the combustion gas at a high temperature of 1,000°C or higher, so that the combustible waste 2 is completely burned.

The thermal insulation roof 36 blocks the temperature of the air chamber 36a from being raised by the temperature of the combustion chamber 12. Room temperature air introduced into the air chamber 36a is injected into the combustion chamber 12 through the first nozzles 40 to generate a vortex flame and at the same time cool the surfaces of the unit grates 38. Accordingly, it is possible to lower the melting point of the combustible waste 2 and prevent the clinker from sticking to the surfaces of the unit grates 38.

The decatalyst supplied to the bore 62a of the pipes 62 of the decatalyzed oxidation combustion device 60, for example, ozone (O3) for cooling, oxygen (O2), and air are supplied to the combustion chamber through the second nozzle 64. It is sprayed on (12). The decatalyst generates a vortex flame to completely burn the combustible waste (2) and prevents the generation of nitrogen oxides (NOx). Sulfur oxides (SOx) are adsorbed as a film on the outer surfaces of the pipes 62 due to the temperature difference between the temperature of the combustion chamber and the decatalyst for cooling, and then formed as an oxidation shear layer. The oxidation front layer is removed from the pipes 62 due to its own weight and then discharged through the cultivation outlet 18. Therefore, environmental pollution due to combustion of the combustible waste 2 can be prevented. In addition, since the end of the end pipe 62-1 is located in the primary combustion chamber 12a, a decrease in the temperature of the secondary combustion chamber 12b by the cooling decatalyst injected through the second nozzle 64 is prevented. do. Accordingly, the temperature of the exhaust gas discharged through the exhaust port 16 can be easily maintained above 850°C.

1, 6 and 7, when the air cylinders 92 are operated and the cylinder rod 92b is advanced while the entrance 22 of the main body 10 is open, the guide rail 74 is 72). The servo motor 82a of the linear actuator 82 is driven in one direction to rotate the pinion 82b, and the rotated pinion 82b is moved from one end of the rack 82c toward the other end. The carriage 76 along with the pinion 82b is linearly moved from one end of the guide rail 74 toward the other end along the guide rail 74, and the tip of the movable pipe 78 is passed through the entrance 22 to the combustion chamber 12 ). As shown in FIG. 7, when the guide rail 74 is raised, the rakes 80 do not interfere with the first nozzles 40.

Referring to FIGS. 1 and 8, when all the rakes 80 enter the combustion chamber 12, the servomotor 82a is stopped. When the air cylinders 92 are operated and the cylinder rod 92b is retracted, the guide rail 74 is lowered to be close to the upper surface of the frame 72, and the rakes 80 are disposed between the first nozzles 40. do.

Air is supplied through the bore 78a of the movable pipe 78 by the operation of the air supply device 50. The air is sprayed on the upper surfaces of the unit grates 38 through the spray holes 80a of the rakes 80 to remove the slag and ash accumulated on the unit grates 38 and at the same time cool the unit grates 38. In addition, the rakes 80 scrape off the slag accumulated in the rotating unit grates 38 to remove it from the unit grates 38. The slag and ash that are removed from the unit grate 38 are discharged through the cultivation outlet 18.

Referring again to FIGS. 1, 6 and 7, when the use of the slag removal device 70 is completed, the cylinder rod 92b of the air cylinder 92 is advanced to move the guide rail 74 from the frame 72. Raise. The servomotor 82a is driven in the other direction to rotate the pinion 82b, and the rotated pinion 82b is moved from the other end of the rack 82c toward one end. The carriage 76 along with the pinion 82b is linearly moved from the other end of the guide rail 74 toward one end along the guide rail 74, and the tip of the movable pipe 78 is withdrawn through the entrance 22. When the movable pipe 78 exits the entrance 22, driving of the servomotor 82a is stopped. The operator closes the door 20 to close the entrance 22. In this way, high temperature corrosion is minimized by the structure in which the movable pipes 78 and the rakes 80 enter the combustion chamber 12 only when the slag removing device 70 is used, thereby extending the lifespan.

Figure 5 shows another example of a rotary grate device in the combustible waste combustion device for recovering heat energy according to the present invention. The rotating grate device 30 according to another embodiment includes a plurality of first unit grates 38a and second unit grates 38b.

The first unit gratings 38a are formed in a fan shape and are arranged radially to cover about half the outer surface of the insulating roof 36 with respect to the rotary hollow shaft 32. The second unit gratings 38b are formed in a rhombus shape and are arranged radially from the edges of the first unit gratings 38a to cover the outer surface of the remaining insulating roof 36b. Each combination of the first and second unit gratings 38a and 38b forms a fan shape, similar to the single grate 38 described above. That is, the first and second unit grates 38a and 38b are obtained by dividing one unit grate 38 into two along the radial direction around the rotary hollow shaft 32. One unit grate 28 may be divided into three or more along its radial direction, if necessary. The maintenance can be conveniently performed by a combination of the first and second unit grates 38a and 38b.

The above-described embodiments are merely describing preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited to the described embodiments, and those skilled in the art within the scope of the technical spirit and claims of the present invention Various changes, modifications, or substitutions may be made by this, and such embodiments are to be understood as being within the scope of the present invention.

2: combustible waste 10: main body
12: combustion chamber 14: fuel port
16: exhaust port 18: cultivation outlet
22: entrance 30: rotating grate device
32: rotary hollow shaft 34: disk
36: insulation roof 38: unit grate
40: first nozzle 44: drive device
60: decatalytic oxidation combustion device 62: pipe
64: second nozzle 70: slag removal device
72: frame 74: guide rail
76: carriage 78: movable pipe
80: rake 82: linear actuator
90: lifting device 92: air cylinder

Claims (6)

A main body provided with a combustion chamber capable of combusting combustible waste therein and having a fuel port for inputting the combustible waste and an exhaust port for discharging exhaust gas;
A rotary hollow shaft that is installed at the bottom of the combustion chamber to rotate the combustible waste, penetrates the bottom of the combustion chamber and has a bore for supplying air from the outside, and the rotary hollow to be disposed under the combustion chamber A disk having its center coupled to the shaft, an insulating roof mounted on the upper surface of the disk to form an air chamber connected to the bore of the rotary hollow shaft, and an insulating roof covered with the upper surface of the insulating roof and placing the combustible waste A plurality of unit grates, a plurality of first nozzles mounted on the unit gratings to inject air supplied through the bore of the rotary hollow shaft into the combustion chamber, and the rotary hollow to rotate the rotary hollow shaft A rotating grate device comprising a driving means connected to the shaft;
A plurality of pipes are disposed in the combustion chamber through the bore of the rotating hollow shaft, and a plurality of pipes having a bore for supplying catalyst gas from the outside are disposed in the combustion chamber, and a plurality of pipes are provided to inject the catalyst gas into the pipes. A combustible waste combustion device for recovering heat energy comprising a decatalytic oxidation combustion device equipped with the second nozzles of. The method of claim 1, wherein the unit gratings are formed in a fan shape and are radially arranged on the upper surface of the insulating roof, and a plurality of polygonal holes are formed in each of the insulating roof and the unit gratings to be connected to the air chamber, The first nozzles are combustible waste combustion apparatus for recovering heat energy having a polygonal fitting portion coupled to the polygonal holes to prevent rotation. The combustible waste combustion apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the unit grate is divided into two or more in a radial direction around the rotary hollow shaft. The exhaust port of claim 1, wherein an end of the end pipe disposed at the end of the pipes of the decatalytic oxidation combustion device is closed, the exhaust port is connected to an upper outer surface of the main body, and the end of the end pipe is the exhaust port. A combustible waste combustion apparatus for heat energy recovery, which is disposed below the horizontal line so that the combustion chamber is divided into a lower primary combustion chamber and an upper secondary combustion chamber based on a horizontal horizontal line extending from the lower end. The method of claim 1 or 2, further comprising a slag removing device for removing slag from the upper surface of the unit grate, wherein the slag removing device,
A frame installed to be close to the outside of the main body;
A guide rail mounted on the upper part of the frame;
A carriage mounted to move linearly along the guide rail;
A movable pipe having one end fixed to the carriage, the other end aligned with the doorway so as to allow access to the doorway formed on the outer surface of the main body, and having a bore for supplying air from the outside;
A plurality of rakes mounted on the outer surface of the movable pipe and having injection holes connected to the bore of the movable pipe so as to spray air onto the upper surfaces of the unit grates;
A combustible waste combustion apparatus for recovering heat energy, comprising a linear actuator for linearly moving the carriage along the guide rail. The method of claim 5, wherein the slag removing device is mounted between the frame and the guide rail, and the rake is positioned higher than the first nozzle when the movable pipe enters and exits the entrance. A combustible waste combustion apparatus for recovering heat energy further comprising a pair of air cylinders for raising and lowering the guide rail.

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