JP2006300504A - Incinerator and incineration method of waste stored in drum - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an incinerator of waste stored in a drum by utilizing waste heat, and more specifically for incinerating waste stored in a drum by supplying heat generated in a primary combustion chamber in the incinerator to a secondary combustion chamber, by inputting waste comprising solid or solvents, waste oils, chemically-modified chemicals or waste liquid in the secondary combustion chamber by storing it in a drum without a lid, and by utilizing an exhaust gas for incinerating waste, retained waste heat and its own waste heat; and to provide its method. <P>SOLUTION: This device for incinerating waste is composed by including the incinerator for incinerating waste and a drum transfer device for transferring a drum with waste to be burnt in the incinerator stored therein. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to an apparatus and method for incinerating waste contained in a drum and packaged with waste heat, and more particularly, heat generated from a primary combustion chamber in an incinerator. Is supplied to the secondary combustion chamber, wastes such as liquids and chemicals are put into a drum without a lid, put into the primary or secondary combustion chamber, and waste is used to incinerate the wastes into the drum. The present invention relates to an apparatus for incinerating stored waste and the method.

  Various types of waste discharged from homes, offices, industrial sites, etc. are roughly divided into two methods, landfilling and incineration, and they are disposed of. Incineration methods that can significantly reduce the bulk of waste compared to landfill methods that are required are becoming widespread.

  FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the structure of a conventional incinerator. And the incinerator of a prior art is demonstrated with reference to FIG.

  As shown in the figure, a waste input port 2 into which domestic waste is input from the outside is provided on the upper side of the incinerator main body 1, and the waste input through the waste input port 2 is After being ignited by the combustion means, it is combusted by its own heat generation.

  A stoker device 3 is provided below the incinerator main body 1 to sequentially move the waste burned by the heat generated by itself. The plurality of stoker devices 3 are alternately arranged so as to incline downward and form a step shape, and gradually move the waste burned from above downward.

  In the prior art, the waste contained in the drum is carried into a treatment plant, and then divided into containers and contents, the contents are stored in a storage, and after pretreatment and mixing work, an incinerator Sprayed with a special pump, etc., or a certain amount of solid waste is mixed and put into an incinerator.

  However, due to the generation of odor of volatile organic compounds that may occur during primary processing such as crushing and compression in the process of separating waste and containers, problems such as air pollution and poor working environment, crushing and compression, etc. Even after the primary treatment, the contents are still attached to the container, which may cause environmental pollution during collection and transportation. As a result, there has been a problem that waste water is generated by washing the container during the recovery process, resulting in secondary contamination.

  In addition, when crushing and incineration, there is a problem that the combustion efficiency is lowered due to damage to the combustion chamber and a low calorific value, thereby supporting the operation of the incineration facility.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to burn the waste contained in the drum by using the combustion heat that can be generated when the solid waste is burned. An object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus and a method for incinerating waste contained in a drum by using waste heat that can suppress heat loss and extremely improve combustion efficiency.

  Another object of the present invention is to prevent secondary environmental pollution and to incinerate the waste contained in the drum, because it can be incinerated while moving with the drum without being separated from the drum. It is an object of the present invention to provide an apparatus and method for incinerating waste contained in a drum.

  Furthermore, another object of the present invention is to grab a drum containing waste and place it on a rotary chain rotary grate, and burn the waste inside the drum while the drum is moved by the rotary grate. An object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus and a method for incinerating waste contained in a drum by using waste heat.

  According to a feature of the present invention for achieving the above object, etc., the present invention provides a waste incinerator for transferring an incinerator for incinerating waste and a drum containing waste combusted in the incinerator. And a drum transfer device.

  The incinerator includes a solid waste charging hopper for charging solid waste into the incinerator, a primary combustion chamber for burning the solid waste charged into the incinerator, and the primary combustion chamber. The combustion heat generated by the combustion of the solid waste is supplied, and the primary or secondary combustion chamber for burning the waste contained in the drum by the combustion heat, the primary combustion chamber and the secondary combustion A partition partitioning the chamber is included, and a passage is formed in the upper portion of the partition so that combustion heat generated from the primary combustion chamber can be input to the secondary combustion chamber.

  In the primary combustion chamber, a burner for burning the solid waste, a stepped grate for moving the solid waste downward, and an incineration for discharging the incineration ash of the solid waste to the outside of the incinerator It has an ash outlet.

  The secondary combustion chamber has a double charging gate capable of charging a drum containing waste from the outside, a rotary chain rotary grate that moves the drum at a constant speed, and the rotary chain rotary grate And a drum discharge port that accommodates a drum transferred by the rotary chain grate.

  The rotary chain grate is a belt conveyor type moving means that moves horizontally by a motor.

  The drum transfer device is located on one side of the main body frame, a control panel for controlling an operation state of the drum transfer device, and at least one drum for gripping the drum containing the waste. A gripping device; a drum supporting horizontal column to which the drum gripping device is attached; a height adjusting cylinder for adjusting the height of the drum supporting horizontal column; and at least one roller attached to a lower portion of the main body frame; And a roller moving rail for restricting the movement of the roller.

  In the drum transfer device, the position of the drum transfer device is moved by rotating the roller, the drum is gripped by operating the drum gripping device, and the height adjustment cylinder is operated, A drive motor is further included and configured to adjust the height so that the drum gripping device can be positioned on the upper surface of the drum.

  According to another aspect of the present invention, a process of supplying heat of 1000 ° C. to 1200 ° C. generated by combustion of solid waste in the primary combustion chamber in the incinerator to the secondary combustion chamber through a partition passage; A process of putting solid or liquid waste into a drum without a lid, and a rotary chain type that is provided next to the secondary combustion chamber with a secondary charging gate as a boundary and guides the drum to the secondary combustion chamber One end of the rotary grate is extended and the primary charging gate of the drum housing part for guiding the drum to the inside through the primary charging gate is opened, and the drum is moved to the primary charging gate by the transfer device. Retracting the drum through the drum housing, aligning the drum on the rotary chain grate of the drum housing, opening the secondary charging gate when the primary charging gate is closed, , The drum is secondary input The secondary charging gate is closed after passing through, the rotary chain-type rotary grate is gradually moved to the secondary combustion chamber side and the waste inside the drum is burned, and the waste is thermally decomposed. And discharging the empty drum to the outside through the drum discharge port.

  In the process of using the transfer device, the motor is driven, the drum transfer device moves to the position of the drum in which the waste is stored, the drum is gripped by the drum gripping device, and the height adjustment cylinder is operated. The method further includes the step of adjusting the height of the drum-supporting horizontal column and the step of moving the drum transporting device holding the drum to the drum accommodating portion along the roller moving rail.

  According to the present invention, the waste contained in the drum without the lid can be burned safely and efficiently through an automated incineration system without performing a separate separation operation. Cost savings can be realized, rational processing can be achieved, and petitions of neighboring residents due to foul odor can be prevented.

  In addition, according to the present invention, when a container in which waste is stored is used again, there is an effect that occurrence of secondary contamination due to waste water or the like can be solved from the beginning.

  Furthermore, according to the present invention, high heat that can be generated by incineration of solid waste from the primary combustion chamber can be reused in the secondary combustion chamber, thereby improving thermal efficiency and utilizing wasted heat, There is also an effect that the fuel cost can be reduced by energy saving.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of an apparatus for incinerating waste contained in a drum according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 2 is a process diagram showing a process procedure of the incinerator according to the embodiment of the present invention.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the solid waste is input into the primary combustion chamber inside the incinerator through the waste input device and burned. Then, the exhaust gas is supplied to the pollution prevention facility through the heat exchange chamber and processed. Next, the waste housed in the drum is burned in the primary or secondary combustion chamber, but the waste is burned using the heat of combustion in the primary combustion chamber and the heat generated by itself.

  FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram illustrating the structure of the incinerator 100 according to the embodiment of the present invention, and FIGS. 4a and 4b are configuration diagrams illustrating the secondary combustion chamber 114 of the incinerator 100 in an enlarged manner.

  The incinerator 100 is provided with a solid waste input hopper 102, and the solid waste can be input into the incinerator 100. The solid waste charging hopper 102 is connected to the primary combustion chamber 104, and a staircase grate 106, a burner 108, and an incineration ash discharge port 110 are formed inside the primary combustion chamber 104.

  The staircase grate 106 is inclined at a certain angle and serves to send solid waste gradually downward while the burner 108 conducts heat to the solid waste at the early stage of combustion to cause a combustion action. become.

  The grate should be made of a material that does not transform into high-temperature heat and cannot be oxidized well, and is usually cast from heat-resistant steel, because the material to be incinerated must be moved inside the high-temperature incinerator 100. It consists of a plurality of iron plates.

  The staircase grate 106 includes a burner 108, an incineration ash discharge port 110, and the like. Since this is a known grate, a detailed description thereof is omitted.

  The incinerator 100 of the present invention includes a secondary combustion chamber 114, and a partition wall 112 is formed between the primary combustion chamber 104 and the secondary combustion chamber 114. The partition wall 112 is for improving the combustion conditions in the combustion chamber and prolonging the residence time of the combustion gas in the combustion chamber. The combustion heat generated from the primary combustion chamber 104 is placed on the partition wall 112 at the secondary combustion chamber. 114 is provided with a passageway through which it can enter. That is, combustion heat of 1000 ° C. to 1200 ° C. generated by the combustion of solid waste from the primary combustion chamber 104 flows into the secondary combustion chamber 114 via the passage of the partition wall 112, and in the secondary combustion chamber 114, The waste is incinerated using the combustion heat and the heat generated by the waste contained in the drum.

  On the other hand, on one side wall of the secondary combustion chamber 114, a device capable of feeding a drum containing waste is provided. The drum is charged into the incinerator 100 through the outermost primary charging gate 116 and aligned in the drum storage unit 120, and then enters the secondary combustion chamber 114 through the secondary charging gate 118. To go. The drum in which the waste is accommodated enters the primary charging gate 116 by the drum transfer device 200. The drum transfer device 200 will be described later.

  The primary charging gate 116 and the secondary charging gate 118 are preferably made of a refractory heat insulating material so that high-temperature hot air generated from the inside of the incinerator 100 does not leak to the outside, and is used to monitor the state of drum movement inside. It is also possible to form a glass window.

  When the primary charging gate 116 is opened, the drum transfer device 200 pushes the drum into the drum housing 120, and when the drum charging is finished, the primary charging gate 116 is automatically closed. When the primary charging gate 116 is completely closed, the internal secondary charging gate 118 is opened and the drum enters the secondary combustion chamber 114.

  Inside the secondary combustion chamber 114, a rotary chain-type rotary grate 122 is provided. The rotary chain grate 122 is connected to a grate supporting a drum by a belt conveyor system, and moves the drum to the inside of the secondary combustion chamber 114. For this purpose, a motor 124 is provided on one side of the rotary chain grate 122, and a base plate on which a drum can be placed is provided on one side end. As described above, the rotary chain rotary grate 122 is also preferably made of a material excellent in heat resistance and fire resistance.

  In the motor 124 used for the rotary chain grate 122, the RPM can be adjusted so that the moving speed of the rotary chain grate 122 can be adjusted according to the amount and type of waste contained in the drum. To.

  A plurality of air lines 126 are provided in the lower part of the rotary chain grate 122. The air lines 126 supply external oxygen or air into the secondary combustion chamber 114 to facilitate the combustion of waste. To be done.

  As shown in FIGS. 4a and 4b, the drum containing the waste is gradually moved on the rotary chain-type rotary grate 122 and is moved over from the primary combustion chamber 104. The waste inside the drum is heated by radiant heat or its own heat and is completely decomposed by heat.

  On the other hand, at the lower part of the other side end of the rotary chain grate 122, a drum discharge port 128 that can discharge the burned empty drum is formed. A water tank is preferably formed at the drum outlet 128 for cooling the drum and blocking external air. Therefore, the incineration ash remaining inside the drum is also washed away with water.

  FIG. 5 is a plan view showing the structure of the drum transfer device 200, FIGS. 6a and 6b are side views showing the structure of the drum transfer device, and FIGS. 7a, 7b and 7c show drum transfer. The process by which the drum is put into the incinerator by the device is shown.

  The drum transfer device 200 will be described with reference to FIGS. 5 to 6B. A drum supporting horizontal column 204 is fixed to the main body frame 202 of the drum transfer device 200 in parallel to the ground.

  In addition, two sets of main body driving rollers 206 may be attached to the lower portion of the main body frame 202, and a safety auxiliary roller 208 may be further provided below the main body driving roller 206. The main body driving roller 206 and the auxiliary roller 208 are configured to reciprocate on the roller moving rail 210.

  A front panel of the main body frame 202 is provided with a control panel 212 that can adjust the operation and speed of the drum transfer device 200. The control panel 212 includes a power button and other control buttons (not shown). However, the control panel 212 can be configured to automatically perform a certain operation repeatedly by being composed of a microprocessor and a memory.

  The drum supporting horizontal column 204 is coupled to the main body frame 202 by one or more height adjusting cylinders 214. As shown in FIGS. 6a and 6b, the height of the drum supporting horizontal column 204 can be adjusted by the height adjustment cylinder 214, so that the drum can be easily transferred even when the height of the drum is different.

  In other words, the longitudinal distance adjustment for grasping the drum is performed by the drive motor 218 and the roller, while the height adjustment is performed by the height adjustment cylinder 214. A drive motor 218 is provided on one side of the main body frame 202, and the drive motor 218 supplies power for operating various rollers and cylinders.

  On the other hand, a drum gripping device 220 is provided at one end of the drum supporting horizontal column 204. The drum gripping device 220 is configured to firmly transfer the waste containing drum so that the drum can be transferred into the incinerator 100. The drum gripping device 220 is preferably configured to be freely positionable on the drum supporting horizontal column 204.

  A safety arsenal 222 is provided between the main body frame 202 and the drum supporting horizontal pillar 204 to prevent injury to the operator due to hot air that can flow out of the incinerator 100. In addition, the safety arsenal 222 is provided with a gas leakage prevention packing 224, which shuts off the inside and outside of the incinerator 100 so that harmful gas is not transmitted to the worker due to hot air. The internal state of the incinerator 100 can be easily observed from the outside by the glass window 226 formed in the safety arsenal 222.

  While the solid waste is burned in the primary combustion chamber 104 of the incinerator 100, the drum transfer device 200 is moved to a position where the drum is located in order to put the drum containing the waste into the incinerator 100. And grab the drum. As shown in FIG. 7 a, the drum transport device 200 that has gripped the drum passes through the drum passing tunnel 130 while moving forward along the roller moving rail 210.

  As shown in FIG. 7b, when the drum supporting horizontal column 204 approaches, the primary charging gate 116 of the incinerator 100 is opened, and the drum supporting horizontal column 204 passes through the primary charging gate 116. The drum is placed on a rotary chain rotary grate 122 provided in the incinerator 100. As shown in FIG. 7 c, when the drum transfer device 200 moves backward by the rotation of the drive motor 218, when the drum supporting horizontal column 204 comes out of the incinerator 100, the primary charging gate 116 is closed. The secondary charging gate 118 is opened.

  As shown in FIG. 4b, the rotary chain-type rotating grate 122 moves while the motor 124 rotates while the secondary charging gate 118 is opened. When the drum passes through the secondary charging gate 118, the secondary charging gate 118 can be closed to prevent heat loss and ensure safety.

  Since the drum placed on the rotary chain grate 122 is in a state without a lid and is in a high temperature state of 1000 ° C. to 1200 ° C., all the waste contained therein is thermally decomposed. And will be incinerated.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the drum in which all the waste has been incinerated comes out again through the drum discharge port 128.

  Although the embodiment of the present invention has been described above, the right of the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and the right also extends to a range that can be easily modified by those skilled in the art.

The block diagram which showed the structure of the incinerator by a prior art. Process drawing which showed the process sequence of the incinerator by embodiment of this invention. The block diagram which showed the structure of the incinerator by embodiment of this invention. The block diagram which showed the process in which a drum is thrown into the 2nd combustion chamber of an incinerator. The block diagram which showed the process in which a drum is thrown into the 2nd combustion chamber of the incinerator. The top view which showed the structure of the drum transfer apparatus. The side view which showed the structure of the drum transfer apparatus. The side view which showed the structure of the drum transfer apparatus. The block diagram which showed the process in which a drum is thrown into an incinerator by a drum transfer apparatus. The block diagram which showed the process in which a drum is thrown into an incinerator by the drum transfer apparatus. The block diagram which showed the process in which a drum is thrown into an incinerator by the drum transfer apparatus.

Explanation of symbols

100 Incinerator 102 Solid waste charging hopper 104 Primary combustion chamber 106 Stepped grate 108 Burner 110 Incineration ash outlet 112 Bulkhead 114 Secondary combustion chamber 116 Primary charging gate 118 Secondary charging gate 120 Drum housing portion 122 Rotary chain Rotating grate 124 Motor 126 Air line 128 Drum outlet 130 Drum passage tunnel 200 Drum transfer device 202 Main body frame 204 Drum supporting horizontal column 206 Main body driving roller 208 Auxiliary roller 210 Roller moving rail 212 Control panel 214 Height adjustment cylinder 216 Cylinder Pressure generator 218 Drive motor 220 Drum grabber 222 Safety gate 224 Gas leakage prevention packing 226 Glass window 300 Drum

Claims (9)

In the waste incinerator,
An apparatus for incinerating waste contained in a drum, comprising: an incinerator for incinerating waste; and a drum transfer device for transferring a drum containing waste that is burned in the incinerator. The incinerator is
A solid waste charging hopper for charging solid waste into the incinerator;
A primary combustion chamber for burning solid waste charged into the incinerator;
A secondary combustion chamber in which combustion heat generated by the combustion of the solid waste is supplied in the primary combustion chamber, and the waste stored in the drum is burned by the combustion heat and heat generation by itself;
Including a partition partitioning the primary combustion chamber and the secondary combustion chamber;
The waste contained in the drum according to claim 1, wherein a passage for allowing combustion heat generated from the primary combustion chamber to be input to the secondary combustion chamber is formed in the partition wall. Equipment that incinerates things. In the primary combustion chamber,
A burner for burning the solid waste;
A stepped grate for moving the solid waste downward;
The apparatus for incinerating waste contained in a drum according to claim 2, further comprising an incineration ash discharge port for discharging the incineration ash of the solid waste to the outside of the incinerator. In the secondary or primary combustion chamber,
One or more input gates capable of supplying a drum containing waste from outside;
A rotary chain grate that moves the drum at a constant speed;
The drum according to claim 2, further comprising: a drum discharge port that is located at a lower portion of an end of the rotary chain type rotary grate and accommodates a drum transferred by the rotary chain type rotary grate. A device that incinerates the waste contained in the house.   5. The apparatus for incinerating waste contained in a drum according to claim 4, wherein the rotary chain grate is a belt conveyor type moving means horizontally moved by a motor. The drum transfer device includes:
Body frame,
A control panel located on the side surface of the main body frame for controlling the operating state of the drum transfer device;
At least one drum gripping device for gripping the drum containing the waste;
A drum supporting horizontal column to which the drum gripping device is attached;
A height adjustment cylinder for adjusting the height of the horizontal column for drum support;
At least one roller attached to a lower portion of the body frame;
The apparatus for incinerating waste contained in the drum according to claim 1, further comprising a roller moving rail that restricts movement of the roller. The drum transfer device includes:
By rotating the roller, the position of the drum transfer device is moved, by operating the drum gripping device, the drum is picked up, and by operating the height adjusting cylinder, the drum gripping device is moved to the drum. The apparatus for incinerating waste contained in a drum according to claim 6, further comprising a drive motor that adjusts the height so as to be positioned on the upper surface. A process of supplying heat from 1OOO ° C to 12OO ° C generated by combustion of solid waste in the primary combustion chamber in the incinerator to the secondary combustion chamber through a partition passage;
A process of putting solid or liquid waste into a drum without a lid. A rotary chain type which is provided adjacent to the secondary combustion chamber with a secondary charging gate as a boundary and guides the drum to the secondary combustion chamber. A process in which one end of the rotary grate is extended and the primary charging gate of the drum housing part for guiding the drum to the inside through the primary charging gate is opened;
A process of drawing the drum into the drum accommodating portion through a primary charging gate by a transfer device;
Aligning the drums on the rotary chain grate of the drum housing,
A process of closing the primary input gate when the drum passes through the secondary input gate;
Burning the waste inside the drum while the rotary chain grate is slowly moved to the secondary combustion chamber side;
A method of incinerating waste contained in a drum, comprising the step of thermally decomposing waste and discharging an empty drum to the outside through a drum outlet. In the process of using the transfer device,
By driving the motor, the drum transfer device moves to the position of the drum containing the waste, and the drum gripping device grips the drum.
The process of adjusting the height of the horizontal column for drum support by operating the height adjustment cylinder,
The method for incinerating waste contained in a drum according to claim 8, further comprising a step of moving a drum transporting device holding the drum to the drum housing along a roller moving rail.

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