JP2003065508A - Agitating and discharging device for incinerator, charging device and incinerator - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an agitating and discharging device, a charging device and an incinerator which can be applied to a small incinerator for incinerating infective waste such as medical waste. SOLUTION: The agitating and discharging device 10 comprises a hollow agitating screw 11, a driving means 12, a movable bearing 15, a gas flow means for allowing cooling gas to flow in the hollow part of the agitating screw 11, and an ash residue discharging part 19 disposed in the lower side of the agitating screw 11. Further, the charging device 30 comprises a slide type lower opening and closing member 32, a hinged intermediate opening and closing member 34, an upper opening and closing member 37, a waste storage chamber 39, and a gas discharging means 40 for returning harmful gas to the incinerator 1.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an agitating / discharging device and a charging device applicable to a small incinerator for incinerating infectious waste such as medical waste, and an incinerator equipped with the same.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Generally, an incinerator used to incinerate waste is an agitating / exhausting device for agitating the incinerated waste and discharging the residue such as ash to the outside, and throwing the waste from the outside. A charging device is provided.

As a conventional stirring and discharging device for an incinerator,
Stalkers and rotary kilns are known. However, these devices are used in large incinerators because of the large installation area of the device and high cost, and are not suitable for small incinerators that incinerate medical waste and the like.

Further, as a conventional waste input device,
JP-A-8-157007, JP-A-7-10154
The devices described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 7 and the like are known. These are constructed by combining a storage section and a belt conveyor, and are considered to eliminate the cause of infection and injury due to medical waste during work. However, since these charging devices are configured separately from the incinerator so that they are not damaged by the heat from the incinerator, the entire device becomes complicated and large. Further, when the waste is put into the incinerator, it is necessary to open a large opening for putting the incinerator into the incinerator, and harmful gas including untreated smoke inside may be leaked to the outside.

In addition, the fireproof structure of the incinerator itself is usually castable at a construction site of an incinerator, where a kneading fireproof brick material is applied to the inner surface of the incinerator. As another incinerator, there was a structure in which the inner wall was made of iron plate and the outside was cooled with a water jacket. The incinerator has a primary combustion chamber, a secondary combustion chamber, and a combustion gas induction chamber provided on the downstream side of the combustion chamber, and is configured to maintain the gas residence time in the combustion gas induction passage for about 2 seconds. . The outer surface of the incinerator was 70 degrees or more.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide an agitation and discharge device and a charging device suitable for a waste incinerator, in particular, a small incinerator, and an incinerator having the agitation and discharge device and the input device. is there. Further, in the incinerator itself, oily substances generated when waste plastics are heated and liquids contained in various wastes easily permeate into the bottom of the combustion furnace formed of castables, and high temperature solid fuel and Since the liquid comes into direct contact, the temperature becomes extremely high, and there is a problem that corrosion easily progresses and the life is shortened. Then 2
The space of the secondary combustion chamber or the combustion gas guide passage lacked consideration for making the combustion gas sufficiently hot. Furthermore, the outer surface of the incinerator is often 70 degrees or more, and it has been desired to maintain the outer surface at a low temperature in order to improve the environment around the installation site of the incinerator.

[0007]

A stirring and discharging apparatus for an incinerator according to the present invention for solving the above-mentioned problems, comprises a hollow stirring screw which laterally penetrates a lower portion of a combustion chamber, and the stirring screw which is rotated. Driving means for driving, a movable bearing portion for enabling axial expansion and contraction of the stirring screw, gas circulation means for circulating cooling gas in the hollow portion of the stirring screw, and ash residue arranged under the stirring screw It is characterized by being provided with a discharge part. (Claim 1)

In the above stirring and discharging apparatus, a groove portion having an inclined surface extending upward is provided on the bottom surface of the combustion chamber, a stirring screw is arranged in the groove portion, and an air pipe for combustion directed downward is opened on the inclined surface of the groove portion. can do. (Claim 2) In any one of the stirring and discharging devices described above, a heat transfer member may be provided on the inner wall of the stirring screw. (Claim 3)

In any one of the above stirring and discharging devices, an elongated gas pipe is arranged along the hollow portion of the stirring screw, and a cooling gas supplied from one end of the gas pipe is provided at the other end. It can be configured such that it is ejected from the nozzle into the hollow portion, and further flows through the hollow portion in the axial direction and is discharged to the outside. (Claim 4) In any one of the stirring and discharging devices described above, an elongated water pipe is arranged along the hollow portion of the stirring screw, and cooling water supplied from one end of the water pipe is discharged to the outside from the other end. It can be configured to drain. (Claim 5)

In any one of the stirring and discharging devices described above, the driving means may be configured to rotate and drive the stirring screw at a low speed of about 1 rotation / minute. (Claim 6) In any one of the stirring and discharging devices, a stirring screw is configured as a driving unit so that the stirring screw can be rotated in the forward direction and the reverse direction, and a control device for adjusting a rotation ratio between the forward direction and the reverse direction is further provided. You can (Claim 7)

In addition, an incinerator charging device according to the present invention for solving the above-mentioned problems includes a main body installed in a charging opening provided in a combustion chamber, and a slide sequentially provided from the opening side of the main body. Lower opening / closing body, a hinge-type intermediate opening / closing body, and a hinge-type upper opening / closing body, a waste accumulation chamber formed between the intermediate opening / closing body and the upper opening / closing body, and a gas in the waste accumulation chamber It is characterized in that it is provided with a gas exhausting means for exhausting to. (Claim 8) In the charging device, a lower opening / closing body is arranged in a slide chamber provided in the main body, and an outside air suction portion with a check valve is provided in the slide chamber, and the check valve is operated when the gas discharging means is operated. Can be opened so that the outside air is sucked into the slide chamber and flows into the waste accumulation chamber through the gap provided in the intermediate opening / closing body. (Claim 9)

Further, in any one of the above-mentioned charging devices,
The intermediate opening / closing body is composed of two opening / closing doors, and one opening / closing door located on the slide forward side of the lower opening / closing body has an intermediate portion rotatably supported by the main body and has a weight on the tip portion in the outer side direction of the main body. A weight is provided, and the other opening / closing door is rotatably supported by the main body at its end, and when the lower opening / closing body slides back and opens when a predetermined amount of waste is present in the waste accumulation chamber, 2 The two open / close doors rotate downward due to the weight of the waste, and when the waste is put into the combustion chamber, one open / close door automatically rotates and closes due to the action of the weight, and in that state the lower open / close body Can be configured to be slid forward and closed, and the other opening / closing door is pushed up from below by the lower opening / closing body to rotate and close. (Claim 10)

The above-mentioned loading device is provided with an opening / closing detection means for detecting the open / closed state of one opening / closing door provided with a weight, a slide driving part of the lower opening / closing body, and a control device for controlling the slide driving part. When the open / close detection means detects that one of the open / close doors is closed in the state where the body slides backward and is opened, the control device can control the slide drive unit to close the lower open / close body. (Claim 1
1) Furthermore, in any one of the above-described charging devices, a heat resistant layer and a heat insulating layer can be formed on the opening side of the combustion chamber in the lower opening / closing body. (Claim 12)

Further, in any one of the above-mentioned charging devices, the main body and / or the slide chamber can be water-cooled. (Claim 13) Furthermore, in any one of the above-mentioned charging devices, a conveying means for lifting and charging the waste above the waste storage chamber can be provided. (Claim 14)

In the incinerator having any of the above-mentioned devices, the lower structure of the primary combustion chamber of the incinerator, which is entirely formed in a box shape, is formed of factory-formed wear-resistant high-density refractory bricks. The upper wall surface of the first combustion chamber is a normal refractory brick wall having a lower fire resistance than the lower wall surface produced at the site of the incinerator, and the secondary combustion chamber is connected to the downstream side of the first combustion chamber. The wall structure at the downstream side of the first combustion chamber may be made of factory-molded refractory bricks having heat resistance equal to or higher than that of the lower portion of the first combustion chamber. (Claim 15)

Further, in the above incinerator, a plurality of partition walls are arranged on the downstream side of the secondary combustion chamber so as to be separated from each other in the flow direction of the combustion gas, and adjacent partition walls burn at different positions. A gas flow portion may be formed, and the combustion gas may be formed so as to meander around each partition wall in the vertical direction and meander. (Claim 16) Further, in the same incinerator, a pebble butt containing a large number of pebbles is provided at a part between the adjacent partition walls so that a combustion gas flows through the gap. It can be configured. (Claim 17)

In the above incinerator, the outer wall and the inner wall of the wall surface of the incinerator are opposed to each other with a gap for air circulation,
The inner wall structure may be one in which a refractory material is arranged inside a steel sheet via a heat insulating material, and the refractory material is fixed by a large number of anchors implanted in the steel sheet.
(Claim 18) Further, in the incinerator, a reflector made of a multilayer metal foil or a metal plate for reflecting radiant heat may be arranged on the inner surface of the outer wall. (Claim 19)

[0018]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an incinerator provided with a stirring and discharging device and a charging device according to the present invention, and FIG.

In these figures, 1 is an incinerator and 2 is 1.
Secondary combustion chamber, 3 is secondary combustion chamber, 4 and 5 are burners, 4a and 5
a is flame, 6 is waste, 7 is partition wall, 8 is exhaust duct,
9 is an opening for waste input, 10 is a stirring and discharging device, 11
Is a stirring screw, 11a is a screw blade, 12 is a driving means, 13 is a transmission part including a gear mechanism or a chain and a sprocket, 14 is a fixed bearing part, 14a is a bearing stopper, 15 is a movable bearing part, and 16 is a sliding connection ring. , 17
Is a fan as a gas flow means, 18 is a labyrinth seal part, 19 is an ash residue discharge part, 20 is a residue storage tank, 21 is a control device for controlling the drive means 12, 22 is an air pipe, 2
3 is a groove, 24 is a slope, and 30 is a charging device.

The incinerator 1 has a primary combustion chamber 2 in the front stage and 2 in the rear stage.
The secondary combustion chambers 3 are connected to each other, and the walls around them are constructed of refractory material such as refractory bricks. In addition, only the primary combustion chamber 2 may be provided as the combustion chamber. A burner 4 is provided in the primary combustion chamber 2, and the waste 6 charged from a charging device 30 installed in an opening 9 in the upper portion of the burner 4 is a flame 4 a of the burner 4.
To burn. When the combustion starts, the combustion naturally continues due to the self-combustion effect of the waste itself. When the proper temperature of the primary combustion chamber 2 exceeds 700 ° C, the burner 4 is stopped. or,
When the temperature exceeds 900 ° C., water is sprayed from a water spraying device (not shown) to cool the primary combustion chamber 2 at an appropriate temperature. 1 more
An air pipe 22 (FIG. 2) facing downward is opened at a side portion of the next combustion chamber 2, and combustion air is supplied from there. In this way, by opening the air pipe 22 downward,
It is possible to prevent the waste 6 that is input from above from entering the air pipe 22.

The waste is burned at a high temperature of about 700 to 900 ° C. in the primary combustion chamber 2, but the gas components produced by the combustion and which cannot be completely oxidized move to the secondary combustion chamber 3 together with the carbon dioxide gas, and there. It is burned by the flame 5a of the burner 5. The secondary combustion chamber 3 is maintained at a high temperature of about 850 to 1100 ° C., and the combustion gas thereof passes between a plurality of partition walls 7 that alternately project from the upper and lower sides, is guided to the exhaust duct 8, and is provided in the exhaust duct 8. It is discharged by a suction blower (not shown). Although not shown, normally, the combustion gas discharged from the exhaust duct 8 is drawn into the atmosphere from the chimney by being drawn by a suction fan through a cooling device, an exhaust gas purifying device and the like.
Therefore, both the primary and secondary combustion chambers are in a pressure state lower than the atmospheric pressure, and air is allowed to flow into the furnace even if there is some gap.

On the bottom surface of the primary combustion chamber 2, one or a plurality of groove portions 23 (two in the illustrated example) are formed as shown in FIG. 2, and each groove portion 23 constitutes a stirring and discharging device 10. A hollow stirring screw 11 is arranged. When the stirring screw 11 is arranged in the groove 23 in this way, the waste blade 6 is efficiently stirred by the screw blade 11a,
The ash residue can be discharged. An ash residue discharge part 19 is provided at the bottom of the primary combustion chamber 2 so as to face the rear end part of the stirring screw 11, and the ash residue discharge part 19 is provided.
The residue storage tank 20 is connected to.

Each groove 23 has a slope 24 extending upward, and a large number of air pipes 22 for combustion that are opened downward in the axial direction and the height direction are opened in the slope 24, and stirring is performed from there. Air is supplied toward the waste material 6 around the screw 11. By thus opening the air pipe 22 downward, it is possible to prevent the agitated waste 6 from entering the air pipe 22. Further, by supplying the combustion air around the stirring screw 11, the waste material 6 retained at the bottom of the primary combustion chamber 2 can be efficiently burned, and the unburned ash residue in the discharged ash residue is not burned. The content of the substance can be reduced.

As shown in FIG. 1, the stirring screw 11 arranged in the groove portion 23 penetrates the primary combustion chamber 2 in the lateral direction, but the airtightness of the two penetrating portions is determined by the labyrinth seal portion 1.
Maintained by 8. The stirring screw 11 has a fixed bearing portion 14 and a movable bearing portion 15 outside the primary combustion chamber 2.
Is pivotally supported by. The fixed bearing portion 14 has a pair of bearing stoppers 14a, and axially restrains the movement of the stirring screw 11 while supporting the portion of the stirring screw 11. The movable bearing portion 15 axially slidably supports the tubular portion of the stirring screw 11, and absorbs expansion and contraction of the stirring screw 11 in the axial direction caused by fluctuation of combustion heat.

A driving means 12 composed of a reversibly rotatable motor is connected to one end of the stirring screw 11 via a transmission portion 13, whereby the stirring screw 11 is moved to one side.
It rotates at an extremely slow speed of about rotation / minute. Drive means 1
The controller 2 controls the rotation of the controller 2 in the forward direction (discharging direction) and the reverse direction (non-discharging direction). Then, the discharge amount of the residue is controlled by changing the ratio of the rotation time in the forward direction and the rotation time in the reverse direction. The control device 21
Can be constituted by, for example, a microcomputer device, and outputs a control signal to the driving means 12 according to a control program such as time control stored in advance in its storage unit.

A fan 17 for blowing cooling gas (generally air) is connected to the other end of the stirring screw 11 via a sliding connection ring 16. In this example, the fan 17 rotates the stirring screw 11 by means of the sliding connection ring 16.
Is airtightly connected. Then, the cooling gas supplied from the fan 17 cools the stirring screw 11 while passing through the inside of the stirring screw 11, and is discharged to the outside from the opening portion at one end portion provided with the transmission portion 13. By thus cooling the stirring screw 11 from the inside, it can be made of a low heat resistant material.

As described above, the transmission section 13, the driving means 12,
By arranging the fixed bearing portion 14, the movable bearing portion 15, the sliding connection ring 16, the fan 17, etc. outside the primary combustion chamber 2, they are protected from heat damage, their life is extended and reliability is improved. .

Next, the operation of the stirring and discharging device 10 will be described. The waste 6 charged from the charging device 30 is deposited on the bottom of the primary combustion chamber 2, but is uniformly and slowly stirred by the rotation of the stirring screw 11. Since the entire waste is agitated in this way, air can be uniformly distributed to the waste, and combustion and thermal decomposition of the waste can be uniformly proceeded. Further, the lump waste is also crushed by this stirring operation, and it becomes finer to increase the combustion surface area, so that the combustion can be progressed completely. Air is supplied to the periphery of the stirring screw 11 from a large number of air pipes such as the air pipe 22, whereby the waste 6 around the stirring screw 11 is discharged.
Also burns efficiently. Then, the residue containing ash generated as a main component by combustion is sent to the ash residue discharge portion 19 by the screw blade 11a, and is discharged to the residue storage tank 20 from there. The amount of residue discharge can be adjusted by the ratio of the forward rotation time and the reverse rotation time of the stirring screw 11 set by the control device 21 as described above.

FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view showing another example of the stirring screw 11. Inside the stirring screw 11, a heat transfer material portion 25 made of a cross-shaped elongated fin is provided along the entire length of the stirring screw 11 to enhance the heat exchange efficiency between the stirring screw 11 and the cooling gas. With this configuration, the stirring screw 11 can be made of a heat-resistant material having a relatively low cost.

FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view showing still another example of the stirring screw 11. Inside the stirring screw 11, along the entire length thereof, a heat transfer member 25 composed of a plurality of elongated fins extending from the inner wall thereof toward the axial center.
Is provided to further enhance the heat exchange efficiency between the stirring screw 11 and the cooling gas as in the example of FIG.

FIG. 5 is a schematic sectional view showing another example of the stirring screw 11. Stirring screw 11 transmission part 13
The end portion on the side where is provided is closed, and an elongated gas pipe 26 is arranged inside along the axial direction via a spacer 26a. The gas pipe 26 is connected to the fan 17 via the sliding connection ring 16.
And the nozzle 27 opens one end thereof. When the stirring screw 11 is configured in this way, it can be cooled more efficiently, and the vicinity of the transmission portion 13 can be cooled more strongly, so that its thermal damage can be effectively prevented.

FIG. 6 is a schematic sectional view showing still another example of the stirring screw 11. The end of the stirring screw 11 on the side where the transmission portion 13 is provided is open, and the other end is connected to the fan 17 via the sliding connection ring 16. An elongated water pipe 28 is arranged so as to penetrate through the hollow portion along the axial direction, and the water pipe 28 is supported outside the stirring screw 11 by a pair of supporting portions (not shown). If the stirring screw 11 is configured in this way, the cooling air can be effectively cooled, and thus the cooling can be performed more efficiently.

FIG. 7 is a sectional view schematically showing an example of the charging device according to the present invention. In the figure, 1 is an incinerator, 9 is an opening for charging waste, 30 is a charging device, 31 is a main body, 32 is a slide-type lower opening / closing body, 33 is a heat-resistant layer formed on the lower opening / closing body 32, and 33a is A heat insulating layer, 34 is a hinge type intermediate opening / closing body, 34a is a gap portion, 35 and 36 are opening / closing doors, 35a,
Reference numerals 36a and 37a are rotation fulcrums, and 37 is a hinge-type upper opening / closing body.

Further, 38 is a drive means composed of a reversibly rotatable motor, 39 is a waste retention chamber, 40 is a gas discharge means, 41 is a fan, 42 is an exhaust duct, and 43 is a main body 31.
Connected to the cooling water pipe, 44 is a weight, 45 is an open / close detection means, 46 is a slide chamber, 47 is an outside air suction part, 48 is a check valve, 49 is a slide drive part, 50 is a control device, 51 is a transfer means, Reference numeral 52 is a waste container, 53 is a conveying path such as a chain, and 54 is a stopper.

The main body 31 of the charging device 30 has a rectangular cross section, and a slide chamber 46 is provided under the main body 31. Body 31
The slide chamber 46 is made of a metal material and is of a water-cooled type in which a cooling water pipe 43 is connected to the inside of the wall to prevent the temperature from rising due to heat from the incinerator 1. In some cases,
It is also possible to provide the cooling water pipe 43 only on one of the main body 31 and the slide chamber 46, or not to provide the cooling water pipe 43 at all due to the effect of the heat insulating layer 33a of the lower opening / closing body 32.

The lower opening / closing body 32 is entirely covered with a refractory brick material and has a heat insulating layer 33a inside thereof.
A can be formed of a plate material such as asbestos, rock wool, or ceramic. The lower opening / closing body 32 is a slide drive unit 4 including a hydraulic or pneumatic cylinder.
9 allows sliding movement between the forward position (closed state) and the retracted position (open state).

The intermediate opening / closing body 34 includes a pair of left and right opening / closing doors 35,
36. One opening / closing door 35 located on the slide forward side (left side in FIG. 7) of the lower opening / closing body 32 has an intermediate portion rotatably supported by a rotation fulcrum (hinge fulcrum) 35a at the bottom of the side wall of the main body 31. A weight 44 is provided at a tip end portion in the outer direction of the. An open / close detecting means 45 including a limit switch is arranged below the weight 44 of the open / close door 35, and the open / close detecting means 4 is provided.
The output signal of 5 is input to the control device 50. The control device 50 can be configured by a microcomputer device or the like.

The other opening / closing door 36 located on the slide retract side (the right side in FIG. 7) of the lower opening / closing body 32 has its end portion a rotation fulcrum (hinge fulcrum) 36a at the bottom of the side wall of the main body 31.
Is rotatably supported by. With the intermediate opening / closing body 34 closed, a gap 34a is formed between the tip ends of the opening / closing door 35 and the opening / closing door 36. A heat insulating plate is connected to the lower surfaces of the opening / closing doors 35 and 36 to remove the lower opening / closing body 32.
The heat transfer from can be further reduced. Further, the upper opening / closing body 37 is rotated by a drive means 38 (a hinge fulcrum).
The driving means 3 is driven to open and close around 37a as a chain line.
8 is controlled by the controller 50.

The transport means 51 includes a waste container 52,
It has a transport path 53 that guides the storage container 52. In this example, the transport path 53 is configured by a chain path, has a linear lower portion and an upper portion curved in an arc shape, and a stopper 54 is provided at the tip of the upper portion. An upper portion of the storage container 52 is opened, and a driving portion is provided on the bottom portion. A sprocket is connected to the drive unit, and the sprocket meshes with a chain path forming the transport path 53. Then, when the drive unit is started in a state where the waste is stored in the storage container 52, the storage container 52 rises along the transport path 53 due to the rotating sprocket, rotates at the curved portion, and stops at the position of the stopper 54. In this state, the waste in the storage container 52 falls into the waste storage chamber 39 and is input. In the case of medical waste, etc., the waste to be put in is sealed in a plastic container to prevent bacteria and viruses from going out.

Next, the operation of the charging device 30 shown in FIG. 7 will be described. In order to put the waste into the incinerator 1 from the state of FIG. 7, first, as described above, the transfer means 5 is placed in the waste storage chamber 39.
Waste is thrown in by 1, but a predetermined amount is thrown in at certain time intervals. The primary combustion chamber is equipped with a level meter (not shown). When the level is above a predetermined level, the hoist and switchgear are not activated and waste cannot be thrown in. If the level is below a predetermined level, Waste can be added at certain time intervals. Next, when a closing start command is transmitted to the control device 50 from an operation panel or the like (not shown), the control device 50 first controls the drive means 38 to close the upper opening / closing body 37 in accordance with the program of the control sequence stored in advance in the storage unit. Output a signal.

When the upper opening / closing body 37 is closed, the control device 50 then outputs a control signal to the slide driving unit 49 so that the lower opening / closing body 32 retracts and opens. When the lower opening / closing body 33 is opened, the opening / closing doors 35, 36 of the intermediate opening / closing body 34 supported on the lower side of the lower opening / closing body 33 rotate downward about their rotation fulcrums 35a, 36a, and the waste in the waste storage chamber 39 is discharged. Is dropped into the incinerator 1 through the opening 9 and is charged.

When the waste in the waste storage chamber 39 is put into the incinerator 1, one opening / closing door 35 is rotated counterclockwise by the action of the weight 44 provided therein and automatically closed. It becomes a state. Then, the opening / closing detection means 45 detects the closed state of the opening / closing door 35 and transmits it to the control device 50. Upon receiving the close detection signal, the control device 50 outputs a control signal to the slide drive unit 49 so that the lower opening / closing body 32 advances and closes. When the lower opening / closing body 32 advances, the other opening / closing door 36 is provided on the upper surface thereof.
Rotate clockwise to automatically close it.

In the above-described state, the waste storage chamber 39 and the slide chamber 46 are filled with harmful gas that has entered from the incinerator 1 when the lower opening / closing body 32 and the intermediate opening / closing body 34 are opened. Therefore, next, the control device 50 outputs a start signal of the fan 41 forming the gas discharging means 40,
The harmful gas in the waste storage chamber 39 is discharged from the discharge duct 42 into the incinerator 1 and recirculated.

At this time, since the gap 34a is formed between the tips of the opening / closing doors 35 and 36 forming the intermediate opening / closing body 34, the gas in the slide chamber 46 is sucked toward the waste storage chamber 39 side. Moving. Then, the inside of the slide chamber 46 is decompressed, so that the check valve 48 of the outside air suction portion 47 is automatically opened and the outside air is sucked into the slide chamber 46. Then, the gas in the slide chamber 46 is replaced by the intake of the outside air, and when a preset replacement time has elapsed, the control device 50 outputs a stop signal for the fan 41. Next, the control device 50
Outputs a control signal to the driving means 38 to open the upper opening / closing body 37 and return it to the initial state. This makes it possible to start the next waste input operation.

Next, FIG. 8 is an explanatory view of the refractory structure of the incinerator of the present invention. In this fireproof structure diagram, the heat insulating structure and the sealing plate structure shown in FIGS. 11 and 12 are omitted. The incinerator 1 is formed in a box shape as a whole, and has an inner portion having a primary combustion chamber 2, a secondary combustion chamber 3 connected to the downstream side thereof, and a combustion gas guide path on the downstream side. The bottom structure of the primary combustion chamber 2 is formed of a wear-resistant high-density refractory brick 1a formed in a factory, and has its bottom surface and bottom wall surface. The upper wall surface of the primary combustion chamber 2 is formed of a normal refractory brick wall 1b which is formed by coating and solidifying a kneaded refractory material in a production site of an incinerator. The refractory brick wall 1b need only have a relatively lower density than the high-density refractory brick 1a.

Next, the wall structure of the secondary combustion chamber 3 and its downstream portion is made of factory-molded refractory brick 1c having heat resistance equal to or higher than that of the lower portion of the first combustion chamber 2. However, abrasion resistance is not required. Next, a plurality of partition walls 7 are arranged on the downstream side of the secondary combustion chamber 3 so as to be separated in the flow direction of the combustion gas. A flow portion 7a is formed on either one of the upper end portion and the lower end portion of the partition wall 7, whereby the combustion gas meanders and flows in the vertical direction. FIG. 9 is a schematic representation of the partition wall 7, and in this example, the partition walls 7 are provided with the circulation portions 7a on both sides of the lower end thereof, and the partition walls are located between them. 7 has a circulation portion 7a formed at the center of the upper end thereof.

Next, FIG. 10 is an explanatory view showing another embodiment of the incinerator of the present invention, and this example is different from that of FIG. 8 only in the pebble butt 7b. This is one in which a large number of small stones are stored in a part between the adjacent partition walls 7 and a gap is formed between the small stones, and the combustion gas is generated by the suction action of the exhaust suction fan on the downstream side. Is configured to be sufficiently distributed. In this, the pebble butts 7b are heated by the combustion gas flowing between a large number of pebbles, and the combustion gas flow passage is maintained at a constant high temperature. Thereby, the combustion gas is always kept at 850 to 1100 ° C. to completely decompose dioxin.

Next, FIG. 11 is an explanatory view of the wall surface structure of the present invention. As for the wall surface of the incinerator, the outer wall 1d and the inner wall 1e are several c
They are opposed to each other through an air circulation gap of about m. That is, air circulates from the lower side to the upper side between the outer wall 1d and the inner wall 1e to form natural convection. In this example, the outer wall 1d
The base material of the inner wall 1e and the inner wall 1e are respectively formed of steel plates, and the inner wall 1e
A large number of anchors 56 are planted on the steel plate on the side of the
The paste-shaped refractory material 58 is applied to the inner surface side through
It is solidified. A fibrous interstitial material 57 is arranged at an appropriate position on the refractory material 58 in a band shape that is a flat surface in the thickness direction, and the thermal expansion of the refractory material 58 is controlled by the fibrous interstitial material 5.
7 can be absorbed.

Next, FIG. 12 shows another embodiment of the wall structure of the incinerator of the present invention. The difference from the structure of FIG. 11 is the reflector 60. The reflecting material 60 is obtained by fixing an aluminum foil, an aluminum plate, or the like to the inner surface of the outer wall 1d made of a steel plate via a fastener 61.
It reflects the radiant heat from e.

[0050]

As described above, the stirring and discharging apparatus for the incinerator according to the present invention has a hollow stirring screw which penetrates the lower portion of the combustion chamber in the lateral direction, a driving means for rotationally driving the stirring screw, and stirring. A movable bearing unit that allows axial expansion and contraction of the screw, a gas circulation unit that circulates a cooling gas in the hollow portion of the stirring screw, and an ash residue discharge unit disposed below the stirring screw. Is characterized by. Therefore, since the stirring and discharging device is integrated with the incinerator, the entire system can be made compact, and it can be suitably applied to a small incinerator for incinerating medical waste. Further, since the stirring screw is cooled by the gas circulation means, it is possible to reliably prevent thermal damage.

In the above stirring and discharging device, a groove portion having an inclined surface extending upward is provided on the bottom surface of the combustion chamber, a stirring screw is arranged in the groove portion, and an air pipe for combustion directed downward is opened on the inclined surface of the groove portion. be able to. By disposing the stirring screw in such a groove portion, the waste can be efficiently stirred by the screw blade to discharge the residue. In addition, by opening the air pipe for combustion that is directed downward on the slope of the groove, the waste that accumulates at the bottom of the combustion chamber can be efficiently burned, and the unburned substances in the discharged residue are The content can be reduced.

In any of the above stirring and discharging devices, a heat transfer member may be provided on the inner wall of the stirring screw,
Thereby, the cooling efficiency of the stirring screw can be further increased, and the stirring screw can be composed of a lower heat resistant material. In any one of the above stirring and discharging devices, an elongated gas pipe is arranged along the hollow portion of the stirring screw, and a cooling gas supplied from one end of the gas pipe is hollow from a nozzle provided at the other end. It may be configured such that it is ejected to the portion, and further flows through the hollow portion in the axial direction and is discharged to the outside. By doing so, the heat exchange efficiency between the stirring screw and the cooling gas can be further increased, so that the stirring screw can be made of a lower heat-resistant material.

In any one of the above stirring and discharging devices, a long water pipe is arranged along the hollow portion of the stirring screw,
The cooling water supplied from one end of the water pipe can be configured to be discharged to the outside from the other end, whereby the stirring screw can be cooled more efficiently. In any one of the above agitating and discharging devices, the driving means may be configured to drive the agitating screw to rotate at a low speed of about 1 revolution / minute, thereby preventing a constant air passage in the waste. In this way, it is possible to effectively stir the waste and to discharge the ash, in which the air is evenly distributed to the waste. In any one of the above stirring and discharging devices, the stirring screw can be configured as a driving unit so as to be rotatable in the forward direction and the reverse direction, and a control device for adjusting the rotation ratio between the forward direction and the reverse direction can be provided. With this configuration, it is possible to adjust the discharge amount of the residue while further enhancing the stirring action.

Further, the charging device of the incinerator according to the present invention is
A main body installed in a charging opening provided in the combustion chamber, and a slide-type lower opening / closing body sequentially provided from the opening side of the main body,
A hinge-type intermediate opening / closing body and a hinge-type upper opening / closing body,
It is characterized by comprising a waste accumulation chamber formed between the intermediate opening / closing member and the upper opening / closing member, and a gas discharge means for discharging the gas in the waste accumulation chamber into the combustion chamber. Since this charging device is integrated with the incinerator, the entire system can be made compact and there is no risk of harmful gas in the incinerator leaking to the outside when the waste is charged.

In the above-mentioned charging device, the lower opening / closing member is arranged in the slide chamber provided in the main body, and the slide chamber is provided with the outside air suction portion with the check valve, and the check valve is operated when the gas discharging means is operated. It can be configured such that the open air is sucked into the slide chamber and then flows into the waste accumulating chamber through the gap provided in the intermediate opening / closing body. With this arrangement, when the gas discharging means is operated, harmful gas in the slide chamber as well as the waste accumulation chamber can be returned to the incinerator.

Furthermore, in any one of the above-mentioned charging devices,
The intermediate opening / closing body is composed of two opening / closing doors, and one opening / closing door located on the slide forward side of the lower opening / closing body has an intermediate portion rotatably supported by the main body and has a weight on the tip portion in the outer side direction of the main body. A weight is provided, and the other opening / closing door is rotatably supported by the main body at its end, and when the lower opening / closing body slides back and opens when a predetermined amount of waste is present in the waste accumulation chamber, 2 The two open / close doors rotate downward due to the weight of the waste, and when the waste is put into the combustion chamber, one open / close door automatically rotates and closes due to the action of the weight, and in that state the lower open / close body Can be configured to be slid forward and closed, and the other opening / closing door is pushed up from below by the lower opening / closing body to rotate and close. With this configuration, the structure of the intermediate opening / closing body can be simplified, the device can be downsized, and high reliability can be obtained.

The above-mentioned loading device is provided with an open / close detection means for detecting the open / closed state of one open / close door provided with a weight, a slide drive unit for the lower opening / closing body, and a control device for controlling the slide drive unit. When the open / close detection unit detects that one of the open / close doors is closed in a state where the open / close member slides backward and is open, the control device can control the slide drive unit to close the lower open / close member. According to this structure, the intermediate opening / closing body can be automatically opened / closed, thereby shortening the operation time. further,
In any one of the above-described charging devices, a heat insulating layer 33a is provided inside the lower opening / closing body, and the periphery thereof is covered with a heat-resistant brick material, so that the lower opening / closing body can be made of a heat-resistant, heat-insulating and sealing material. . This heat insulating effect allows the main body of the charging device to be maintained at a low temperature, so that it is possible to prevent softening of the plastic container of waste such as medical waste contained in the plastic container.

Furthermore, in any one of the above-mentioned charging devices, the main body and / or the slide chamber can be water-cooled, whereby the inside of the main body can be maintained at a completely low temperature. Further, in any one of the above-mentioned input devices, a conveying means for lifting up the waste and inputting it into the waste accumulating chamber can be provided, whereby the waste can be efficiently injected into the waste accumulating chamber. it can.

Next, in an incinerator having any of the above devices, a wear-resistant high-density refractory brick 1a for molding the lower structure of the primary combustion chamber 2 in a factory can be adopted, whereby It is possible to prevent abrasion of the bottom portion of the incinerator due to discharge of combustion residues, and prevent liquid or the like generated when the plastic or the like is melted from the bottom portion of the incinerator. The upper wall surface of the incinerator can be a normal refractory brick wall 1b manufactured at the site of the incinerator, which makes it an economical and highly durable incinerator. Furthermore, the wall structure of the secondary combustion chamber 3 and the downstream portion thereof can be formed of the factory-molded refractory brick 1c having heat resistance equal to or higher than that of the lower portion of the first combustion chamber 2. Thereby, the second
It is possible to provide a highly reliable incinerator by keeping the combustion chamber 3 and its downstream side at a high temperature and preventing the generation of dioxins.

In the incinerator, a plurality of partition walls 7 can be arranged apart from each other in the combustion gas flow direction, and adjacent partition walls 7 are provided with combustion gas flow portions 7a at different positions. Then, the combustion gas can be formed so as to detour in the vertical direction and meander. As a result, the combustion gas can be circulated through the high temperature incinerator for a long time, and the harmful substances in the combustion gas can be completely decomposed and detoxified. Further, in the incinerator, a large number of pebbles can be accommodated in a part between the partition walls 7, and the pebble butts 7b can be provided so that gaps are formed between the pebbles. By circulating the combustion gas in the gap, it is possible to always maintain the temperature of the combustion gas flow passage at a certain temperature or higher and improve the reliability of detoxification of the combustion gas. That is, the heat capacity of the pebble butt and the wall can maintain the combustion gas temperature at a constant high temperature, so that dioxin in the combustion gas can be completely decomposed.

Furthermore, in the incinerator, the wall surfaces of the incinerator can be arranged such that the outer wall 1d and the inner wall 1e are opposed to each other with a gap for air circulation, whereby the outer wall of the incinerator can be maintained at a low temperature. Furthermore, in the incinerator,
The reflector 60 may be arranged on the inner surface of the wall surface. Thereby, the surface temperature of the outer wall can be further lowered, and the safety of the worker and the working environment can be improved.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an incinerator provided with a stirring and discharging device and a charging device according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line AA of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view showing another example of the stirring screw in FIG.

4 is a schematic perspective view showing still another example of the stirring screw in FIG.

5 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing another example of the stirring screw in FIG.

6 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing still another example of the stirring screw in FIG.

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing an example of a charging device according to the present invention.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory view of a wall surface structure of the incinerator of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is an explanatory perspective view of a plurality of partition walls 7 provided in the incinerator of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is an explanatory view showing another embodiment of the wall structure of the incinerator of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is an explanatory view of the wall surface of the incinerator of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a wall surface explanatory view showing another embodiment of the incinerator of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 incinerator 1a High-density refractory brick 1b Fireproof brick wall 1c refractory brick 1d outer wall 1e inner wall 2 Primary combustion chamber 3 Secondary combustion chamber 4,5 burners, 4a, 5a flame 6 waste 7 partition walls 7a Distribution Department 7b Pebble Butt 8 exhaust duct 9 openings 10 Agitating and discharging device 11 stirring screw 11a screw blade 12 Drive means 13 Transmitter 14 Fixed bearing 14a Bearing stopper 15 Movable bearing 16 Sliding connection ring 17 fans 18 Labyrinth seal part 19 Ash residue discharge part 20 Residue storage tank 21 Control device 22 Air piping 23 Groove 24 slopes 25 Heat Transfer Material Section 26 Gas piping 26a spacer 26b gap 27 nozzles 28 Water piping 30 input device 31 body 32 Lower opening / closing body 33 Heat-resistant layer 33a heat insulation layer 34 Intermediate opening / closing body 34a gap 35,36 open / close door 35a, 36a Rotation fulcrum 37 Upper opening / closing body 37a rotation fulcrum 38 Drive means 39 Waste storage chamber 40 gas discharge means 41 fans 42 Exhaust duct 43 Cooling water pipe 44 weight 45 Open / close detection means 46 slide chamber 47 Outside air intake 48 Check valve 49 Slide drive 50 controller 51 transportation means 52 storage container 53 transport path 54 Stopper 55 Thermal insulation 56 anchor 57 Fibrous gap material 58 Fireproof material 59 Air flow 60 reflective material 61 Fastener

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification code FI theme code (reference) F23G 5/44 F23G 5/44 D F23M 9/00 F23M 9/00 D

Claims (19)

[Claims] 1. A device for discharging the residue of a waste incinerated in an incinerator (1) to the outside while agitating the waste.
Hollow stirring screw that penetrates the lower part of (2) laterally
(11), a drive means (12) for rotationally driving the stirring screw (11), a movable bearing portion (15) that enables axial expansion and contraction of the stirring screw (11), and a hollow stirring screw (11). A stirring and discharging device for an incinerator, comprising: a gas circulating means for circulating a cooling gas through the section; and an ash residue discharging section (19) arranged below the stirring screw (11). 2. The stirring screw (11) is arranged in a groove (23) formed in the bottom surface of the combustion chamber (2), and the groove (23) has a slope (24) which spreads upward, and the slope (24) 2. An agitating / discharging device for an incinerator according to claim 1, wherein an air pipe (22) for combustion directed downward is opened at (). 3. The stirring and discharging apparatus for an incinerator according to claim 1, wherein a heat transfer member (25) is provided on the inner wall of the stirring screw (11). 4. An elongated gas pipe (26) is arranged along the hollow part of the stirring screw (11), and cooling gas supplied from one end of the gas pipe (26) is supplied to the other end. The agitator for an incinerator according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the nozzle (27) is configured to eject into the hollow portion, flow through the hollow portion in the axial direction, and be discharged to the outside. Ejection device. 5. An elongated water pipe (28) is arranged along the hollow portion of the stirring screw (11), and cooling water supplied from one end of the water pipe (28) is discharged to the outside from the other end. The stirring and discharging apparatus for an incinerator according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the stirring and discharging apparatus is configured to discharge. 6. The drive means (12) includes a stirring screw (11) as one unit.
The stirring / discharging device for an incinerator according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the stirring / discharging device is configured to be driven to rotate at a low speed of about 1 revolution / minute. 7. The drive means (12) is configured to rotate the stirring screw (11) in the forward and reverse directions, and is provided with a control device (21) for adjusting the rotation ratio between the forward and reverse directions. The stirring and discharging device for an incinerator according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that. 8. A device for charging waste into an incinerator (1), wherein a main body (31) installed in a charging opening (9) provided in a combustion chamber (2) and a main body (31) A slide type lower opening / closing body (32) and a hinge type intermediate opening / closing body (34) provided in order from the opening side.
And a hinge-type upper opening / closing body (37) and the intermediate opening / closing body (3).
Waste storage chamber (39) formed between 4) and upper opening / closing body (37)
And a gas discharge means (40) for discharging the gas in the waste retention chamber (39) into the combustion chamber (2). 9. A lower opening / closing body (32) is arranged in a slide chamber (46) provided in a main body (31), and a check valve (4) is provided in the slide chamber (46).
8) is provided with an outside air suction part (47), and gas discharge means (40)
The check valve (48) opens and the outside air is exposed to the slide chamber (4
6) The space that is sucked into the inside and is further provided in the intermediate opening / closing body (34)
9. The incinerator charging device according to claim 8, wherein the charging device is configured so as to flow from the (34a) into the waste accumulation chamber (39). 10. The intermediate opening / closing body (34) has two opening / closing doors (35, 3).
6), the one opening / closing door (35) located on the slide forward side of the lower opening / closing body (32) has an intermediate portion rotatably supported by the main body (31) and an outer side of the main body (31). A weight (44) is provided at the tip in the direction, and the other opening / closing door (36) has its end rotatably supported by the main body (31), and the waste accumulation chamber (3
When the lower opening / closing body (32) slides back and opens when there is a certain amount of waste in (9), the two opening / closing doors (35, 36) rotate downward to open due to the weight of the waste, Waste is in the combustion chamber
When opened in (2), one opening / closing door (35) automatically rotates by the action of the weight (44) and closes, and when the lower opening / closing body (32) slides forward and closes in that state, 10. The incinerator charging device according to claim 8 or 9, wherein the other opening / closing door (36) is configured to be pushed up from below by the lower opening / closing body (32) to rotate and close. . 11. An open / close detection means (45) for detecting an open / closed state of the one open / close door (35), a slide drive section (49) of a lower open / close body (32), and a slide drive section (49). Control device
When the open / close detection means (45) detects that one of the open / close doors (35) is closed in a state in which the lower open / close body (32) is slid and retracted and opened (50), the control device (50 11. The charging device for the incinerator according to claim 10, wherein the slide driving unit (49) controls the lower opening / closing body (32) to close. 12. The heat-resistant layer (33) and the heat-insulating layer (33a) are formed on the opening (9) side of the combustion chamber (2) of the lower opening / closing body (32), as claimed in claim 8. The incinerator charging device according to claim 11. 13. A body (31) and / or a slide chamber (4)
13. The incinerator charging device according to any one of claims 8 to 12, wherein 6) is water-cooled. 14. The transport means (51) for lifting up waste to load it into the waste storage chamber (39), as set forth in any one of claims 8 to 13. Incinerator charging device. 15. The substructure of the primary combustion chamber (2) of the incinerator (1), which has the apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 14 and is formed in a box shape as a whole, is formed by factory molding. Made of high-density refractory bricks (1a) with abrasion resistance, the upper wall surface of the first combustion chamber (2) of which is lower in fire resistance than the lower wall surface produced at the site of the incinerator. A secondary combustion chamber (3) that is a brick wall (1b) and is connected to the downstream side of the first combustion chamber (2).
The wall structure at the downstream of the first combustion chamber (2) has a heat resistance equal to or higher than that of the lower part of the first combustion chamber (2).
Incinerator formed in c). 16. The partition wall (7) according to claim 15, wherein a plurality of partition walls (7) are arranged on the downstream side of the secondary combustion chamber (3) so as to be spaced apart from each other in the flow direction of the combustion gas. A combustion furnace in which combustion gas flow portions (7a) are formed at different positions in (7), and the combustion gas is formed so as to meander around each partition wall (7) in the vertical direction. 17. The pebble butt (7b) according to claim 16, wherein a plurality of pebbles are housed in a space between adjacent partition walls (7) to form a gap,
An incinerator configured to allow combustion gas to flow through the gap. 18. A wall surface of an incinerator according to claim 15, wherein an outer wall (1d) and an inner wall (1e) are opposed to each other with a gap for air circulation, and the inner wall structure has a heat insulating material (55) inside a steel plate. ), The refractory material (58) is arrange | positioned, and the fireproof material (58) is fixed by the many anchors (56) planted in the steel plate. 19. The incinerator according to claim 18, wherein the outer wall (1d) has an inner surface on which a reflecting material (60) made of a multilayer metal foil or a metal plate for reflecting radiant heat is arranged.