KR20200055882A - Composition for nonflammable heat insulator - Google Patents
Composition for nonflammable heat insulator Download PDFInfo
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- C04B24/00—Use of organic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. plasticisers
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- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
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Abstract
Description
본 발명은 불연 단열재용 조성물에 관한 것으로, 더욱 상세하게는, 불연 성능 및 단열 성능이 우수하며 경량화되어 건축물의 내외부에 범용으로 적용할 수 있는 단열재를 제조하기 위한 조성물에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a composition for a non-combustible heat insulating material, and more particularly, to a composition for producing a heat insulating material that is excellent in non-combustible performance and heat insulating performance and is lightweight and can be universally applied to the interior and exterior of a building.
건축물의 내부 또는 외부에 적용되는 단열재는 단열 효과뿐만 아니라, 결로 방지, 불연 성능 등의 효과가 요구되고 있어 다양한 소재를 이용한 단열재가 개발되고 있다. 종래에는 스티로폼, 유리섬유 등을 이용하고 있으나, 이러한 소재로는 가공성이 충분하지 않고 불연 성능을 얻기 어려워 이를 개선하기 위한 제품이 개발되고 있다.Insulating materials applied to the interior or exterior of a building are required not only to have an insulating effect, but also to prevent condensation and non-combustible performance, and thus, insulating materials using various materials have been developed. Conventionally, styrofoam, glass fiber, and the like are used, but these materials have insufficient workability, and it is difficult to obtain non-combustible performance, and products for improving them have been developed.
예를 들어, 대한민국 공개특허공보 10-2018-0033675호에서는 발포 폴리스틸렌 그물망 수지의 일면에 유리섬유, 실리카겔 또는 에어로겔 중 어느 하나로 된 준불연 소재면을 형성하여 불연 효과를 얻고 있다. 그러나 상기 선행기술에서는 불연 및 단열 성능을 얻기 위하여 발포 폴리스티렌 수지, 알루미늄 호일 등을 수 차례 적층하여 단열재를 제조하고 있으므로, 제조 공정이 복잡하고 가공성이 떨어지는 문제점이 있다.For example, in Korean Patent Publication No. 10-2018-0033675, a non-combustible material surface made of any one of glass fiber, silica gel, or aerogel is formed on one surface of the expanded polystyrene mesh resin to obtain a nonflammable effect. However, in the prior art, an insulating material is manufactured by stacking foamed polystyrene resin, aluminum foil, and the like several times in order to obtain non-combustible and heat insulating performance, so the manufacturing process is complicated and the processability is poor.
또한, 대한민국 공개특허공보 10-2005-0090628호에서는 단열, 방음, 방진, 방습 등의 효과를 나타내는 단열재로서 불연 단열층으로서 카본 섬유와 실리카 섬유를 혼합하여 적용하고 있으나, 이러한 선행기술에서도 전술한 바와 같이 불연 단열층에 알루미늄 포일층, 알루미늄 펄층, 단열층을 적층하는 복잡한 구조로 이루어져 있어 제조 공정이 복잡하고 가공성이 떨어지는 문제점이 있다.In addition, in Korean Patent Publication No. 10-2005-0090628, carbon fibers and silica fibers are mixed as a non-combustible insulating layer as an insulating material that exhibits effects such as heat insulation, sound insulation, dustproof, and moisture proof, but as described above in the prior art, The non-combustible insulating layer is made of a complex structure in which an aluminum foil layer, an aluminum pearl layer, and an insulating layer are stacked, and thus there is a problem in that the manufacturing process is complicated and the processability is poor.
본 발명은 상기와 같은 종래기술의 문제점을 감안하여 안출된 것으로, 불연 성능 및 단열 성능이 우수하며 경량화된 단열재를 제조할 수 있는 조성물을 제공하는 것을 그 목적으로 한다.The present invention was devised in view of the problems of the prior art as described above, and an object thereof is to provide a composition capable of manufacturing a lightweight insulation material having excellent incombustibility and insulation performance.
또한, 조성물을 압축성형하여 보드 형태의 단열재를 제조함으로써 별도의 적층 구조 없는 단층 구조만으로 불연 및 단열 성능을 나타내는 경량화된 단열제를 제조할 수 있는 조성물을 제공하는 것을 그 목적으로 한다. In addition, it is an object of the present invention to provide a composition capable of manufacturing a lightweight insulation material that exhibits non-combustible and thermal insulation performance by using only a single layer structure without a separate layered structure by compression molding the composition to produce a board-shaped insulation material.
상기와 같은 과제를 해결하기 위한 본 발명의 불연 단열재용 조성물은 무정형 실리카 입자, 유리섬유, 플라이애쉬 및 하기 화학식 1로 표시되는 다면체 실세스퀴옥산(Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxane, POSS)으로 이루어지는 것을 특징으로 한다.The composition for the non-combustible insulating material of the present invention for solving the above problems is characterized by comprising amorphous silica particles, glass fibers, fly ash, and polyhedral silsesquioxane represented by the following Chemical Formula 1 (Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxane, POSS) .
[화학식 1][Formula 1]
이때, 상기 화학식 1에서 R은 C5 내지 C10의 탄화수소기일 수 있으며, 더욱 상세하게는 C5 내지 C10의 직쇄상 알킬기일 수 있다.At this time, in Formula 1, R may be a C5 to C10 hydrocarbon group, and more specifically, a C5 to C10 linear alkyl group.
또한, 상기 다면체 실세스퀴옥산은 상기 조성물 전체에 대하여 1 내지 10 중량%의 범위로 포함될 수 있다.In addition, the polyhedral silsesquioxane may be included in the range of 1 to 10% by weight relative to the total composition.
본 발명의 불연 단열재용 조성물을 이용하면 불연 성능 및 단열 성능이 우수하며 경량화된 단열재를 제조할 수 있다.When the composition for a non-combustible insulating material of the present invention is used, it is excellent in non-combustible performance and heat insulating performance, and a lightweight insulation material can be manufactured.
또한, 조성물을 압축성형하여 보드 형태의 단열재를 제조하기 때문에 별도의 적층 구조 없는 단층 구조만으로 불연 및 단열 성능을 나타내는 경량화된 단열제를 제조할 수 있다. In addition, since the composition is compressed to produce a board-shaped insulation material, a lightweight insulation material having non-combustible and thermal insulation performance can be manufactured by using only a single-layer structure without a separate layered structure.
이하 본 발명에 대하여 상세히 설명한다.Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
본 발명의 불연 단열재용 조성물은 무정형 실리카 입자, 유리섬유, 플라이애쉬 및 하기 화학식 1로 표시되는 다면체 실세스퀴옥산(Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxane, POSS)으로 이루어지는 것을 특징으로 한다.The composition for the non-combustible insulating material of the present invention is characterized by comprising amorphous silica particles, glass fibers, fly ash, and polyhedral silsesquioxane represented by the following Chemical Formula 1 (Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxane, POSS).
[화학식 1][Formula 1]
이때, 상기 화학식 1에서 R은 C5 내지 C10의 탄화수소기일 수 있으며, 더욱 상세하게는 C5 내지 C10의 직쇄상 알킬기일 수 있는데, 탄소수가 많아 비교적 부피가 큰 관능기가 결합함으로써 화재에 의한 화염에 노출될 경우 우수한 불연 성능을 나타내게 된다.At this time, in Formula 1, R may be a C5 to C10 hydrocarbon group, and more specifically, a C5 to C10 straight-chain alkyl group, which may be exposed to flames due to fire by combining relatively bulky functional groups with a large number of carbon atoms. In this case, it exhibits excellent incombustibility.
상기 다면체 실세스퀴옥산은 분자 구조의 열 진동과 실세스퀴옥산의 우선적인 파괴에 의해 무정형 실리카의 밀도가 저하되는 속도를 늦춰주기 때문에 무정형 실리카를 함유하는 조성물로 제조된 단열재가 화염에 노출되더라도 일정 시간 동안 대단히 높은 불연 성능을 나타내는 것으로 파악되었다. 특히, 상기 다면체 실세스퀴옥산의 관능기인 상기 R로서 탄소수가 5 내지 10의 탄화수소기를 적용하면 탄화수소기를 포함하는 분자의 크기가 실세스퀴옥산 자체의 열진동에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 상기 R의 탄소수가 지나치게 적으면 조성물 내에서의 분산성이 떨어져 단열재 전체 면적에서의 균일한 불연 성능이 나타나지 않는 것으로 파악되었으며, 탄소수가 지나치게 많으면 다면체 실세스퀴옥산이 열 진동할 때 파괴되는 속도가 너무 빨라 불연 성능을 발현하는 시간이 지나치게 짧아지는 것으로 나타났다.The polyhedral silsesquioxane slows the rate at which the density of the amorphous silica decreases due to the thermal vibration of the molecular structure and the preferential destruction of silsesquioxane, so even if the insulation made of the composition containing the amorphous silica is exposed to the flame It was found that it exhibited very high non-combustible performance for a certain period of time. In particular, when the hydrocarbon group having 5 to 10 carbon atoms is applied as the R, which is a functional group of the polyhedral silsesquioxane, the size of the molecule containing the hydrocarbon group has been shown to affect the thermal vibration of silsesquioxane itself. In addition, when the number of carbon atoms in the R is too small, it was found that the dispersibility in the composition is poor and uniform non-combustible performance does not appear in the entire area of the insulating material. It was found that the speed was too fast, and the time to express the non-combustible performance was too short.
다양한 형태의 다면체 실세스퀴옥산이 존재하나 상기 화학식 1에 따른 구조를 가진 실세스퀴옥산을 사용할 때 단열재의 성형이나 불연 성능 확보의 측면에서 최적의 효과를 나타내는 것으로 나타났다.There are various types of polyhedral silsesquioxane, but when using silsesquioxane having a structure according to the formula (1), it was found that it exhibits an optimal effect in terms of molding of a heat insulating material or securing nonflammable performance.
또한, 상기 다면체 실세스퀴옥산은 조성물 전체에 대하여 1 내지 10 중량%의 범위에서 사용되는데, 상기 함량 범위에서 상기 다면체 실세스퀴옥산을 함유함으로써 우수한 불연 성능을 나타내는 것으로 파악되었다. 즉, 상기 다면체 실세스퀴옥산의 함량이 지나치게 적거나 지나치게 많으면 불연 성능이 저하되는 경향을 나타내었으며, 상기 함량범위에서 사용할 때 최적의 불연 성능을 나타내는 것으로 파악되었다.In addition, the polyhedral silsesquioxane is used in a range of 1 to 10% by weight relative to the entire composition, it was found to exhibit excellent non-combustible performance by containing the polyhedral silsesquioxane in the content range. That is, when the content of the polyhedral silsesquioxane was too small or too large, it showed a tendency for the non-combustibility to deteriorate, and it was found that it exhibits the optimum non-combustibility when used in the content range.
또한, 상기 단열재는 보드 형태로 이루어지는 것이 바람직하며 두께가 20 내지 200㎜의 범위에서 제품의 종류나 용도에 따라 달리하여 성형할 수 있다. 상기 조성물을 통해 단열재를 제조하는 방법은 무정형 실리카 입자, 유리섬유, 플라이애쉬, 다면체 실세시퀴옥산으로 이루어진 조성물을 직접 형틀에 주입하거나 용매 및 분산제를 혼합하여 슬러리를 제조한 후 상기 슬러리를 형틀에 주입하고 압축성형함으로써 제조할 수 있다.In addition, the heat insulating material is preferably made of a board shape and the thickness can be molded in a range of 20 to 200 mm depending on the type or use of the product. The method for manufacturing the insulating material through the composition is to inject a composition composed of amorphous silica particles, glass fibers, fly ash, and polyhedral silsesquioxane directly into a mold, or to prepare a slurry by mixing a solvent and a dispersant, and then to prepare the slurry. It can be prepared by injection and compression molding.
상기 무정형 실리카 입자는 밀도가 낮은 것이 바람직하며, 특히 흄드 실리카를 사용하는 것이 바람직하다. 상기 무정형 실리카 입자는 상기 조성물 중 50 내지 75 중량%를 사용하는데, 함량이 너무 적으면 열전도율이 불충분하여 불연 성능이 건축용 단열재의 기준을 만족하지 못하게 되며, 함량이 지나치게 많으면 성형성이 나빠지는 문제점이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 특히, 흄드 실리카는 밀도가 낮기 때문에 함량이 너무 많은 경우 성형체가 쉽게 부서지거나 분진이 발생하는 문제점이 발생할 수 있으므로 사용량을 조절할 필요가 있다.It is preferable that the amorphous silica particles have a low density, and particularly, it is preferable to use fumed silica. The amorphous silica particles use 50 to 75% by weight of the composition, if the content is too small, the thermal conductivity is insufficient, so that the non-combustible performance does not meet the criteria of the building insulation material, and if the content is too large, the moldability is deteriorated. It appeared to be. In particular, since the fumed silica has a low density, if the content is too large, the molded body may easily break or dust may be generated, so it is necessary to adjust the amount of use.
또한, 유리섬유는 직경 1 내지 100 ㎛, 길이 5 내지 50 ㎜ 인 유리섬유를 사용하되 상기 조성물 중 10 내지 30 중량%를 사용한다. 상기 유리섬유는 단열재의 강도를 향상시키기 위하여 첨가되는 성분이므로 사용량이 지나치게 적으면 강도 및 성형성이 나빠지고 너무 많으면 불연 성능이 건축용 자재로서의 기준을 만족하지 못하게 되므로 상기 범위에서 사용하는 것이 가장 적합한 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 상기 유리섬유의 직경이나 길이는 특별히 한정되지 않으나 조성물의 다른 성분과의 혼합을 고려하여 상기 범위에서 선택하는 것이 바람직하다.In addition, as the glass fiber, a glass fiber having a diameter of 1 to 100 μm and a length of 5 to 50 mm is used, but 10 to 30% by weight of the composition is used. Since the glass fiber is an ingredient added to improve the strength of the heat insulating material, if the amount is too small, the strength and formability are deteriorated, and if too much, the non-combustible performance does not satisfy the criteria as a building material, so it is most suitable to use in the above range. appear. In addition, the diameter or length of the glass fiber is not particularly limited, but is preferably selected from the above range in consideration of mixing with other components of the composition.
또한, 플라이애쉬는 단열재의 경량화를 달성하면서도 강도를 증진시키기 위하여 사용되는 것으로서 조성물 전체에 대하여 10 내지 30 중량%를 사용한다. 상기 범위를 벗어나 플라이애쉬의 함량이 지나치게 적으면 성형된 블록이 쉽게 부서지거나 분진이 발생하는 문제점이 발생할 수 있고 플라이애쉬의 함량이 지나치게 많으면 단열 및 차열 성능이 방화문의 기준을 만족하지 못하게 되므로 상기 범위에서 사용하는 것이 가장 적합한 것으로 나타났다.In addition, fly ash is used to improve the strength while achieving light weight of the heat insulating material, and uses 10 to 30% by weight based on the total composition. If the content of fly ash outside the above range is too small, the molded block may easily break or dust may occur. If the content of fly ash is too large, the insulation and heat insulation performance does not satisfy the criteria of the fire door. It seems to be the most suitable to use in.
또한, 상기 조성물을 성형하여 단열재를 제조할 때 대량 생산을 위하여 슬러리 형태로 제조한 후 성형할 수 있는데, 이때 용매와 함께 계면활성제를 혼합하여 슬러리의 분산성을 향상시킬 수 있다. 상기 계면활성제는 혼합물 내에서 공기에 연행하는 작용을 하여 공기연행제의 역할도 수행할 수 있다.In addition, when preparing the insulating material by molding the composition, it can be prepared in a slurry form for mass production and then molded, and at this time, a surfactant may be mixed with a solvent to improve the dispersibility of the slurry. The surfactant acts to entrain air in the mixture, and may also serve as an air entraining agent.
상기 계면활성제로는 중성 계면활성제가 바람직한데, 구체적으로는, 글리세롤 지방산 에스테르, 프로필렌 글리콜 지방산 에스테르, 소르비탄 지방산 에스테르, 폴리옥시에틸렌 소르비탄 지방산 에스테르, 테트라올레산 폴리옥시에틸렌 소르비톨, 폴리옥시에틸렌 알킬 에테르, 폴리옥시에틸렌 알킬 페닐 에테르, 폴리옥시에틸렌 폴리옥시프로필렌 글리콜, 폴리옥시에틸렌 폴리옥시프로필렌 알킬 에테르, 폴리에틸렌 글리콜 지방산 에스테르, 고분자량의 지방산 알콜 에스테르, 다가 알콜 지방산 에스테르 등을 들 수 있다.The surfactant is preferably a neutral surfactant, specifically, glycerol fatty acid ester, propylene glycol fatty acid ester, sorbitan fatty acid ester, polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester, tetraoleic acid polyoxyethylene sorbitol, polyoxyethylene alkyl ether , Polyoxyethylene alkyl phenyl ether, polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene glycol, polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene alkyl ether, polyethylene glycol fatty acid ester, high molecular weight fatty acid alcohol ester, polyhydric alcohol fatty acid ester, and the like.
또한, 이러한 계면활성제의 분산성을 고려하여 용매로서 물과 알코올의 혼합물, 특히, 물과 에탄올, 또는 물과 이소프로판올의 혼합물을 용매로 사용하는 것이 바람직한 것으로 나타났다. 혼합용매를 사용할 경우, 물과 알코올의 중량비를 1:1 내지 2:1로 하는 것이 바람직하다. 물과 알코올의 혼합 비율은 사용하는 계면활성제의 종류와 함량에 따라 달라지나 상기 범위 내에서 사용하는 것이 성형성이 가장 좋은 것으로 나타났다.In addition, considering the dispersibility of such a surfactant, it has been found that it is preferable to use a mixture of water and alcohol as a solvent, in particular, a mixture of water and ethanol, or water and isopropanol as a solvent. When using a mixed solvent, it is preferable that the weight ratio of water and alcohol is 1: 1 to 2: 1. The mixing ratio of water and alcohol varies depending on the type and content of the surfactant used, but it is found that the use within the above range is the best formability.
상기 계면활성제 및 용매를 부가하는 경우, 조성물 100 중량부에 대하여 계면활성제 1 내지 5 중량부 및 용매 50 내지 300 중량부의 범위에서 추가적으로 배합하여 슬러리를 제조하는 것이 슬러리화 공정 및 성형가공에 유리한 것으로 나타났다.When adding the surfactant and the solvent, it was found that preparing the slurry by further mixing in the range of 1 to 5 parts by weight of the surfactant and 50 to 300 parts by weight of the solvent relative to 100 parts by weight of the composition was found to be advantageous for the slurrying process and molding. .
상기 분말 성분을 슬러리화하는 공정은 유리섬유, 무정형 실리카 입자, 실세스퀴옥산, 플라이애쉬를 순차적으로 투입하여 1차 혼합하고, 상기 1차 혼합된 분체 혼합물을 계면활성제 및 용매의 혼합용액에 투입하여 2차 혼합하면서 슬러리화하는 것이 바람직하다. 또한, 상기 혼합은 수동 교반, 블랜더, 볼밀, 또는 혼합기를 사용할 수 있는데, 공정 효율의 향상을 위하여 혼합기를 사용하는 것이 바람직하며, 상기 혼합기로는 리본 블랜더 또는 휴대용 임펠러를 사용할 수 있다. 또한, 상기 혼합기를 사용하는 경우 분체와 용매를 투입한 후 5 내지 20분 간 혼합하여 슬러리를 제조할 수 있다. 또한, 분체의 혼합물은 볼밀을 사용하여 5 내지 30분 간 혼합함으로써 제조할 수 있다.In the process of slurrying the powder component, glass fibers, amorphous silica particles, silsesquioxane, and fly ash are sequentially added to primary mixing, and the primary mixed powder mixture is added to a mixed solution of surfactant and solvent. It is preferable to form a slurry while secondary mixing. In addition, the mixing may use a manual stirring, a blender, a ball mill, or a mixer, and it is preferable to use a mixer to improve process efficiency, and a ribbon blender or a portable impeller may be used as the mixer. In addition, when using the mixer, the powder and the solvent may be added and then mixed for 5 to 20 minutes to prepare a slurry. In addition, the powder mixture can be prepared by mixing for 5 to 30 minutes using a ball mill.
상기 분체 또는 슬러리를 형틀에 투입하고 압축성형할 때 0.1 내지 20 t/㎡의 압력을 0.5 내지 1분 간 가하는 것으로 심재를 제조할 수 있다.The core material may be prepared by adding the powder or slurry into a mold and applying a pressure of 0.1 to 20 t / m 2 for 0.5 to 1 minute during compression molding.
본 발명의 권리는 위에서 설명된 실시예에 한정되지 않고 청구범위에 기재된 바에 의해 정의되며, 본 발명의 분야에서 통상의 지식을 가진 자가 청구범위에 기재된 권리범위 내에서 다양한 변형과 개작을 할 수 있다는 것은 자명하다.The rights of the present invention are not limited to the embodiments described above, but are defined by the claims, and those skilled in the art can make various modifications and adaptations within the scope of the claims. It is self-evident.
Claims (3)
[화학식 1]
(상기 화학식 1에서 R은 C5 내지 C10의 탄화수소기이다)
A composition for a non-combustible insulating material comprising amorphous silica particles, glass fibers, fly ash, and polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) represented by the following Chemical Formula 1.
[Formula 1]
(In Formula 1, R is a C5 to C10 hydrocarbon group.)
상기 화학식 1에서 R은 C5 내지 C10의 직쇄상 알킬기인 것을 특징으로 하는 불연 단열재용 조성물.
The method according to claim 1,
In Formula 1, R is a C5 to C10 straight-chain alkyl group, characterized in that the non-combustible insulation composition.
상기 다면체 실세스퀴옥산은 상기 조성물 전체에 대하여 1 내지 10 중량%의 범위로 포함되는 것을 특징으로 하는 불연 단열재용 조성물.The method according to claim 1,
The polyhedral silsesquioxane composition for a non-combustible insulating material, characterized in that contained in the range of 1 to 10% by weight relative to the total composition.
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| KR20050090628A (en) | 2004-03-09 | 2005-09-14 | 이수억 | Insulation and flame-proof board for building |
| KR20130116632A (en) * | 2012-04-16 | 2013-10-24 | (주)엘지하우시스 | Composite insulation board comprising opacifier and method for producing it |
| CN103421444A (en) * | 2013-05-14 | 2013-12-04 | 乐凯胶片股份有限公司 | Inflaming-retarding solar cell backsheet |
| KR20180033675A (en) | 2016-09-26 | 2018-04-04 | 주식회사 에어론 | Multi-functional insulation that combines flame retardant, moisture-proof and sound-absorbing function |
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| KR20050090628A (en) | 2004-03-09 | 2005-09-14 | 이수억 | Insulation and flame-proof board for building |
| KR20130116632A (en) * | 2012-04-16 | 2013-10-24 | (주)엘지하우시스 | Composite insulation board comprising opacifier and method for producing it |
| CN103421444A (en) * | 2013-05-14 | 2013-12-04 | 乐凯胶片股份有限公司 | Inflaming-retarding solar cell backsheet |
| KR20180033675A (en) | 2016-09-26 | 2018-04-04 | 주식회사 에어론 | Multi-functional insulation that combines flame retardant, moisture-proof and sound-absorbing function |
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