KR101260321B1 - Composition for nonflammable board including sodium silicate and nonflammable board using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

In the present invention, 10 to 50 parts by weight of a curing agent (B) containing a metal salt (b1) and a retarder (b2)) is contained with respect to 100 parts by weight of liquid sodium silicate (A), and a composition for a non-combustible material Provide used non-combustible materials.
The composition for a nonflammable material of this invention uses a metal salt and a retarder together in a hardening | curing agent, and retards hardening of sodium silicate, and can fully secure the working time required for kneading | mixing operations etc. in manufacturing a nonflammable material.

Description

COMPOSITION FOR NONFLAMMABLE BOARD INCLUDING SODIUM SILICATE AND NONFLAMMABLE BOARD USING THE SAME}

The present invention relates to a composition for a nonflammable material comprising sodium silicate and a nonflammable material using the same, and more particularly, to a composition for a nonflammable material which can delay the curing time by including a retarder in a curing agent for curing liquid sodium silicate, and a composition thereof. It relates to the nonflammable material used.

Sodium silicate, also called water glass or liquid glass, can be easily wetted on the surface of the adherend and excellent adhesion and strength can be obtained by adjusting the permeability and viscosity. It is used for a purpose.

Taking advantage of the above-mentioned sodium silicate, the use as a material for producing a board for non-combustible interior materials has been developed. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a non-combustible recycled building material in which waste foamed polystyrene resin is bonded with soluble silicate. Patent Document 2 discloses a building board in which an expanded vermiculite and an expanded pearl rock are mixed with each other to provide a mixture, and then bonded to the mixture using an inorganic silicate binder or the like.

In addition, sodium silicate is non-combustible when cured, there is no generation of toxic gases in the event of a fire, and has the advantage of excellent workability is also used as a building interior and exterior boards. For example, Patent Literature 3 adds a catalyst, a pore-forming accelerator, a water resistance improving agent, and a bleaching inhibitor to water glass (sodium silicate) having a silicon dioxide content of 30% to 35% by weight and a viscosity of 600CP (20 ° C). Then it is disclosed a porous lightweight board using water glass prepared by foaming at a high temperature. In addition, Patent Document 4 discloses a composition containing an aluminate silicate mineral, an alkali metal silicate aqueous solution, a fibrous material, and a bubble generator, which is used for an inorganic polymer composite panel.

However, the compositions containing sodium silicate described above have a problem in that the curing rate of sodium silicate is too fast in curing liquid sodium silicate using a curing agent such as a metal salt. In addition, too fast curing has the disadvantage that it does not have sufficient time to knead natural fibers such as wood flour or other minerals added in addition to sodium silicate. Therefore, there is a continuing need for development of a technology capable of securing a time required for processing a non-combustible material by delaying a curing rate in manufacturing a non-combustible material using sodium silicate.

Republic of Korea Patent No. 997914 Republic of Korea Patent No.926180 Republic of Korea Patent No. 857594 Republic of Korea Patent Publication No. 2008-0095532

An object of the present invention is to provide a composition for a nonflammable material comprising sodium silicate which can delay the curing rate by the time required for the production of the nonflammable material.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a nonflammable material using the composition.

The composition for non-combustibles of this invention contains 10-50 weight part of hardening | curing agents (B) containing a metal salt (b1) and a retarder (b2) with respect to 100 weight part of liquid sodium silicates (A).

The metal salt may be a salt of a metal selected from the group consisting of Ca, Mg, Al, Ba and Zn.

The base salt of the metal salt may be at least one anion selected from the group consisting of hydroxide ions, halide ions, sulfate ions, sulfite ions, nitrate ions, nitrite ions, phosphate ions, carbonate ions and bicarbonate ions.

The retarder is selected from the group consisting of gelatin, tartaric acid, alkali metal salt of tartaric acid, alkaline earth metal salt of tartaric acid, carboxylic acid, carboxylate, borate, sucrose, hexametaphosphate, ethylenediaminetetraacetate, starch and gum arabic. It is preferred that there is at least one.

It is preferable that the weight ratio of the metal salt (b1) and the retarder (b2) of the said hardening | curing agent (B) is 99: 1-90:10.

The composition for a nonflammable material of the present invention may further include an organic fiber, an inorganic fiber or a porous mineral.

The organic fiber is preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of pulp, crushed paper, rice hulls, crests, wood flour, waste fibers and cocoa fibers.

The inorganic fiber is preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of rock wool, glass wool, basalt wool and ceramic wool.

The porous mineral is preferably at least one mineral selected from the group consisting of pearlite, vermiculite, pumice, diatomite.

Non-combustible materials for building materials of the present invention is characterized by being produced by curing sodium silicate using a curing agent containing a metal salt and a retarder.

The composition for a nonflammable material of this invention uses a metal salt and a retarder together in a hardening | curing agent, and retards hardening of sodium silicate, and can fully secure the working time required for kneading | mixing operations etc. in manufacturing a nonflammable material.

The composition for non-combustibles of this invention contains 10-50 weight part of hardening | curing agents (B) containing a metal salt (b1) and a retarder (b2) with respect to 100 weight part of liquid sodium silicates (A). Each component is demonstrated concretely below.

Sodium silicate

First, sodium silicate (or sodium silicate) used in the present invention is generally represented by the chemical formula of Na ₂ O—nSiO ₂ —xH ₂ O and is also called water glass. When used as a nonflammable material has excellent fire resistance, and has the advantage that the shape can be maintained even after deterioration (carbonization). In addition, the bonding strength with other materials is also excellent, and when used in a mixed form with other materials, such as pulp, for example, may also serve as a binder.

Sodium silicate described above can be commercially obtained in the form of a solid powder product or a liquid product, and even a solid product can be dissolved in water to form a solution. In addition, the sodium silicate may exist in the form of liquid, solid crystals or amorphous powder according to the ratio of SiO ₂ / Na ₂ O, and the sodium silicate used in the present invention may be dissolved in water even in the form of solid crystals or amorphous powder in addition to liquid sodium silicate. It is possible to use. Preferably, a liquid sodium silicate of Na ₂ O content = 7 to 20 wt%, SiO ₂ content = 25 to 40 wt%, and SiO ₂ / Na ₂ O molar ratio = 2.0 to 3.5 is used.

Hardener

The hardening | curing agent containing a metal salt (b1) and a retarder (b2)) is used for the composition for nonflammable materials of this invention. The sodium silicate is cured or gelled by reaction with the metal salt (b1) to produce insoluble silicate metal hydrate and / or silicate metal hydroxide. As the metal salt (b1) used for this purpose, Preferably it is a salt which consists of a cation of a metal ion selected from the group which consists of Ca, Mg, Al, Ba, and Zn, and a counterbase. For example, the hardening reaction between Ca (OH) ₂ and sodium silicate will be described below as a chemical reaction formula.

Na ₂ O-nSiO ₂ + Ca (OH) ₂ + mH ₂ 0-> CaO-nSiO ₂ -mH ₂ 0 + 2NaOH

A conjugate base of the formula, the metal salt (b1) OH ^- Exemplified, but in addition to these, Pair bases such as halide ions, sulfate ions, sulfite ions, nitrate ions, nitrite ions, phosphate ions, carbonate ions and bicarbonate ions may be used alone or in combination. Preferably phosphate ions are used.

In the composition for nonflammable materials of the present invention, the retardant (b2) which is another component of the curing agent (B) is used for the purpose of delaying the curing reaction of sodium silicate (A) and the metal salt (b1) to a practical level. In other words, when the composition for the non-combustible material is prepared using only sodium silicate and a metal ion salt, the curing speed is too high, so that uniform curing is difficult, and as a result, it becomes difficult to manufacture the non-combustible material practically. The retarder (b1) is to improve this, and it is possible to uniformly cure the nonflammable composition, and to delay the curing rate to a workable level so as to sufficiently secure the time required for kneading with the additional composition described later. To be used. Retardants (b1) used for this purpose include gelatin, carboxylic acid or carboxylic acid salts, borate, sucrose, hexametaphosphate, ethylenediaminetetraacetate, starch, gum arabic and the like, alone or in combination of two or more. Can be used. In the above, gelatin refers to a transparent, colorless, almost insignificant solid substance derived from collagen, which is a natural protein constituting animal skins, tendons, cartilage, and the like. Chemically, it is a protein obtained by partially hydrolyzing collagen. On the other hand, the carboxylic acid refers to an organic acid including, for example, tartaric acid, citric acid, succinic acid, acetic acid, maleic acid, etc., which are used as the acid itself or in the form of alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, transition metal salt of the carboxylic acid It may be.

In addition to the above-described metal salt and retardant, the curing agent may further use additives such as a blowing agent, a thickener, a dispersant, an antibacterial agent, an organic binder, and the like.

On the other hand, the content of the metal salt (b1) and the retarder (b2) in the curing agent (B) is preferably 90:10 to 99: 1 by weight ratio. If the content of the retardant (b2) is more than 10% by weight, there is a disadvantage in that the color change is severe and the merchandise falls, and the productivity of the curing reaction is too slow and the productivity is lowered. On the other hand, when the content of the retardant is less than 1% by weight, the curing rate is too fast, making it difficult to produce a stable product, and there is a problem in that the product is cracked due to non-uniform curing, thereby degrading the productability of the produced product. .

It is preferable that the usage-amount of the said hardening | curing agent (B) containing a metal salt and a delaying agent is contained in 10-50 weight part, Preferably it is 20-40 weight part with respect to 100 weight part of sodium silicates. If the content of the curing agent does not reach 10 parts by weight, the water resistance, rigidity, etc. of the non-combustible material produced by insufficient curing of sodium silicate are not preferable, and if it exceeds 50 parts by weight, the content of sodium silicate is relatively lowered and serves as a binder component. There is a problem that can not be used as a commodity.

On the other hand, the curing agent used in the composition for a nonflammable material of the present invention may be diluted and used in a dispersion medium such as water and alcohol in consideration of the viscosity.

Compositions that can be added

The nonflammable composition of the present invention may further include an organic fiber or an inorganic fiber in addition to the above-described sodium silicate and a curing agent. The organic or inorganic fibers are used for the purpose of making the non-combustible material made of the composition of the present invention have a high strength even at a low specific gravity by maintaining the bonding force. Organic fibers used for this purpose include pulp, shredded paper, rice hulls, crests, wood flour, waste fibers, cocoa, and the like. It is also possible to use them directly without special processing, but if necessary, they can be pretreated and processed into fibers. Meanwhile, rock wool, glass wool, basalt wool, ceramic wool, or the like may be used as the inorganic fiber.

On the other hand, a porous mineral may be further added to the composition for nonflammable materials of the present invention. The porous mineral is used for the purpose of improving the strength while lowering the specific gravity of the non-combustible material produced by the composition of the present invention. For this purpose, for example, one or more minerals selected from the group consisting of pearlite, vermiculite, pumice and diatomite can be used. The mineral may be used as a fine gravel size grind or may be used as a pulverized powder.

The addition of the additional compositions is first kneaded with a curing agent and additional compositions and then further kneaded with sodium silicate, or prepared separately by preparing a curing agent composed only of a metal salt and a retarder and kneading the components of the additional composition with sodium silicate. These may be prepared by further kneading.

The non-combustible material in which the composition of the present invention is used refers to a non-combustible board in the form of a plate used as interior and exterior materials including a ceiling material and a wall of a building. The composition for a nonflammable material of the present invention is prepared by incorporating soda silicate and a curing agent, and then, if necessary, poured into a mold in a desired form in a state in which an appropriate amount of organic or inorganic fibers or porous minerals are additionally added, followed by curing. The curing may be naturally cured or thermally cured at room temperature. If necessary, a drying process may be added after curing. On the other hand, the shape of the non-combustible material is usually plate-shaped, if necessary can be manufactured in a variety of forms by changing the form of the frame if necessary.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to examples. The following examples are merely illustrative of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following examples.

Example 1

1. Preparation of hardener

Aluminum phosphate salt (China Xinsheng Chemical, product name MeiYu) as a metal salt and gelatin (Geltech Co., Ltd., viscosity 35mps) as a retardant were weighed to a total of 10Kg at the ratio in Table 1 below, and then dissolved in 14L water and further added as a thickener. A delaying agent was prepared by diluting 2 Kg of carboxymethyl cellulose (Korea CMC, AF2085) and 800 g of an organic antimicrobial agent (SG17, Troy, USA).

2. Manufacturing of Nonflammable Materials

A mixture of liquid sodium silicate (Youngil Chemical, Sodium Silicate No. 3, SiO ₂ content 28-30%, Na ₂ O 9-10%) and the prepared curing agent solution were mixed in the following ratios, and poured into a mold of 450x450x25mm standard. The curing time and the surface state of the produced non-combustible material were observed while natural curing at room temperature of 25 ℃. The time from kneading the liquid composition to the time of gelation was recorded as the curing time.

division Furtherance evaluation Sodium silicate Hardener
(Weight ratio of delay agent: metal salt) Curing time Surface condition Example 1-1 70 30 (1:99) 30 minutes Surface cracks Examples 1-2 70 30 (3:97) 3 hours - Example 1-3 70 30 (5:95) 7 hours - Example 1-4 70 30 (10:90) 18 hours - Examples 1-5 70 30 (15:85) More than 24 hours discoloration Comparative Example 1 70 30 (0: 100) Less than 20 minutes Surface cracks

In Table 1, the sodium silicate composition prepared by using the curing agent to which the retarder is added, the curing time is delayed when the non-combustible material is prepared by curing it, it is possible to sufficiently secure the time required for stirring, mold processing and the like. On the other hand, when curing the sodium silicate using a curing agent without the addition of a retardant, the curing time was less than 20 minutes, and sufficient time for stirring, mold processing, etc. of the composition could not be secured. After 24 hours, cracking occurred. This is believed to be due to insufficient kneading of the sodium silicate / hardener composition due to insufficient stirring time due to rapid curing.

Example 2

A curing agent prepared in the composition of Example 1-3 was kneaded with a sodium silicate mixture kneaded at a ratio of sodium silicate 840: pearlite (Kyoungdong Ceratec, Parat) 40: pulp 160 to prepare a nonflammable material. At this time, the curing time was 7 hours, and the surface of the produced non-combustible material was not broken even after 24 hours without any surface cracks. From this, it was confirmed that the curing agent containing a retarder and a metal salt was not only sodium silicate but also a delaying effect of the curing time in a composition including perlite and pulp.

The composition for a nonflammable material of this invention can be used for manufacture of a nonflammable board for interior materials used for a nonflammable ceiling material and a wall.

Claims (11)

10 to 50 parts by weight of a curing agent (B) containing aluminum phosphate as the metal salt (b1) and gelatin as the curing retardant (b2), per 100 parts by weight of the liquid sodium silicate (A), but not including pearlite, vermiculite and pumice stone. (浮石, pumice), The composition for forming a non-combustible board further comprising at least one porous mineral selected from the group consisting of diatomite. delete delete delete The composition of claim 1, wherein the weight ratio of the metal salt (b1) to the retarder (b2) of the curing agent (B) is 99: 1 to 90:10. According to claim 1, wherein the composition for forming a non-combustible board, characterized in that it further comprises an organic fiber or an inorganic fiber. The composition of claim 6, wherein the organic fiber is at least one selected from the group consisting of pulp, crushed paper, rice hulls, rice hulls, wood flour, waste fibers and cocoa fibers. The composition of claim 6, wherein the inorganic fiber is at least one selected from the group consisting of rock wool, glass wool, basalt wool and ceramic wool. delete delete 10 to 50 parts by weight of a curing agent (B) containing aluminum phosphate as the metal salt (b1) and gelatin as the curing retardant (b2), per 100 parts by weight of the liquid sodium silicate (A), but not including pearlite, vermiculite and pumice stone. (浮石, pumice), non-combustible material for building materials produced by curing the composition for forming a non-combustible board further comprising at least one porous mineral selected from the group consisting of diatomite.