KR20190097248A - Environmental resistance member, vanes, compressors and engines using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

The Al alloy base material 41, the electroless plating layer 42 formed on the surface of the Al alloy base material 41, the Si layer 43 or the corrosion resistant metal layer 53 formed on the surface of the electroless plating layer 42, and Si By forming the vane wheel of the compressor by the environmentally-resistant member provided with the diamond-like carbon layer 44 or the ceramic layer 54 formed in the surface of the layer 43 or the corrosion-resistant metal layer 53, the vane wheel is inward to the inner ear. It can have both malleability and corrole resistance.

Description

Environmental resistance member, vanes, compressors and engines using the same

The present invention relates to an environmentally resistant member and a vane, a compressor and an engine using the same.

For example, as shown in Patent Literature 1, in a marine engine, there is a low pressure exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) system for reducing NOx in exhaust gas. This low-pressure EGR system is a part of recirculation gas of the low-pressure exhaust gas discharged to the exhaust pipe from the main turbocharger outlet and returns to the supercharger inlet. Thereby, the oxygen concentration of the gas for combustion falls, the speed | rate of the combustion which is reaction of fuel and oxygen becomes slow, and combustion temperature falls, and the generation amount of NOx can be reduced.

In addition, since a marine engine uses a fuel having many S components, the exhaust gas contains an S component and a Cl component, which are corrosion components of the vane of the compressor of the supercharger. Therefore, the scrubber which removes S component in a recycle gas with wash water is formed in EGR system.

Japanese Patent Publication No. 5916772 Japanese Patent Publication No. 5883001

However, the S component may remain in the recycle gas even when the recycle gas is washed with a scrubber. In addition, although the droplet contained in the recycle gas after washing | cleaning is removed in the demister unit arrange | positioned downstream of a scrubber, there exists a possibility that it may condense until the water in the recycle gas which passed through the demister unit reaches the compressor of a supercharger. .

The droplets condensed in the recycle gas contain about 1 to 2 hydrogen ion concentration (pH) by containing the S component and the Cl component. Here, although the lightweight and high strength Al alloy base material is used for the vane of the compressor of a supercharger, there exists a possibility that the Al alloy base material may corrode (coroelectric generate | occur | produce) by the droplet contained in recycle gas.

Droplets condensed in the recycle gas impinge on the vanes of the compressor. For this reason, there exists a possibility that a blade difference may plastically deform | transform and wear out (it will generate | occur | produce erosion) by the repetition.

As a first countermeasure against the above problem, a method of anodizing the Al alloy base material of a vane can be considered, but this method may not sufficiently obtain erosion resistance and coroelectric resistance.

Moreover, as a 2nd countermeasure for the said problem, the method of coating the ceramic layer by a physical vapor deposition method or the chemical vapor deposition method on the Al alloy base material surface of a vane can be considered. This ceramic layer becomes a high hard film with corroelectric resistance. In this method, however, when droplets collide with the ceramic layer, an impact is transmitted to the inner Al alloy substrate, and the Al alloy substrate is deformed, so that a crack occurs in the ceramic layer and the ceramic layer and the Al alloy substrate are peeled off. There is concern. In addition, there is a fear that the droplets penetrate the Al alloy substrate from the cracked or peeled portions and corrode the Al alloy substrate. In addition, a defect may exist from the beginning (at the time of coating film formation) in the ceramic layer, and the droplet may penetrate the Al alloy substrate from the defect and corrode the Al alloy substrate.

In addition, as a third countermeasure against the above problem, a method of applying electroless plating such as Ni-P alloy to the Al alloy base surface of the van can be considered, but since a small amount of S component is contained in the plating film, There is a possibility that the conductivity is not sufficiently obtained.

In view of the above technical problem, an object of the present invention is to provide an environmentally resistant member having both erosion resistance and coroelectric resistance, and a vane, a compressor, and an engine using the same.

The environmental resistance member which concerns on the 1st invention which solves the said subject,

Al alloy base material,

An electroless plating layer formed on the surface of the Al alloy base material,

An Si layer formed on the surface of the electroless plating layer,

And a diamond-like carbon layer formed on the surface of the Si layer.

The environmental resistance member which concerns on 2nd invention which solves the said subject,

In the environmentally-resistant member which concerns on said 1st invention,

It is characterized by comprising a polymer electrodeposition layer formed on the surface of the diamond-like carbon layer.

The environmental resistance member which concerns on 3rd invention which solves the said subject,

In the environmentally-resistant member which concerns on said 2nd invention,

The surface of the diamond-like carbon layer is characterized by shot blasting or shot by a medium containing hard ceramic particles in viscoelastic particles.

The environmental resistance member which concerns on 4th invention which solves the said subject,

Al alloy base material,

An electroless plating layer formed on the surface of the Al alloy base material,

A Cr layer formed on the surface of the electroless plating layer,

And a ceramic layer containing Cr, which is formed on the surface of the Cr layer.

The environmental resistance member which concerns on 5th invention which solves the said subject,

Al alloy base material,

An electroless plating layer formed on the surface of the Al alloy base material,

A Ti layer formed on the surface of the electroless plating layer,

And a ceramic layer containing Ti, which is formed on the surface of the Ti layer.

The environmental resistance member which concerns on 6th invention which solves the said subject,

In the environmentally-resistant member which concerns on said 4th or 5th invention,

And a polymer electrodeposition layer formed on the surface of the ceramic layer.

The environmental resistance member which concerns on 7th invention which solves the said subject,

In the environmentally-resistant member which concerns on the said 6th invention,

The surface of the ceramic layer is characterized by shot blasting or shot by a medium containing hard ceramic particles in viscoelastic particles.

The vanity wheel which concerns on 8th invention which solves the said subject,

It is formed by the environmentally-resistant member which concerns on any one of said 1st-7th invention. It is characterized by the above-mentioned.

The compressor which concerns on 9th invention which solves the said subject,

The impeller according to the eighth invention,

And a compressor casing for accommodating the vanes therein.

An engine according to a tenth invention for solving the above problems,

With the engine body,

A turbocharger having a compressor according to the ninth invention connected to the air supply side of the engine main body, and a turbine connected to the compressor and connected to the exhaust side of the engine main body,

And an EGR system connected between the exhaust side of the turbine and the air supply side of the compressor.

According to the environmentally-resistant member which concerns on this invention, and an impeller, a compressor, and an engine using this, both erosion resistance and corroelectric resistance can be combined.

1 is a schematic diagram illustrating an engine and a compressor related to the present invention.
It is typical sectional drawing explaining the environmental resistance member which concerns on Example 1 of this invention.
It is typical sectional drawing explaining the environmental resistance member which concerns on Example 2 of this invention.
It is typical sectional drawing explaining the environmental resistance member which concerns on Example 3 of this invention.
It is typical sectional drawing explaining the environmental resistance member which concerns on Example 4 of this invention.

1 is a schematic view illustrating an engine and a compressor according to the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, the engine (ship engine 10) which concerns on this invention is equipped with the engine main body 11, the supercharger 12, the air cooler (cooler) 13, and the EGR system 14. Doing.

The engine main body 11 is, for example, a uniflow small exhaust type diesel engine, and is a two-stroke diesel engine, and flows a small exhaust flow in the cylinder 11a in one direction from below to upward. This eliminates the residual of the exhaust gas. As the engine main body 11, a fuel having many S components is used. The engine main body 11 supplies the combustion gas in the scavenging trunk 11b to the cylinder 11a, burns it with fuel in the cylinder 11a, and exhausts the exhaust gas produced by combustion from the cylinder 11a. It discharges to the manifold 11c. The scavenging trunk 11b of the engine main body 11 of the present invention is connected to the air supply pipe G1, and the exhaust manifold 11c is connected to the exhaust pipe G2, respectively.

The supercharger 12 is integrated with a compressor (compressor 21) connected to the scavenging trunk 11b of the engine main body 11 and a turbine 22 connected to the exhaust manifold 11c of the engine main body 11. It is configured to be connected via a rotating shaft to rotate. In the supercharger 12, the turbine 22 rotates by the exhaust gas flowing from the exhaust pipe G2 connected to the engine main body 11, the rotation of the turbine 22 is transmitted, and the compressor 21 rotates. . As the compressor 21 rotates, the combustion gas is compressed, and the compressed combustion gas is supplied to the engine main body 11 through the air supply pipe G1.

The compressor 21 is provided with the compressor casing (not shown) and the vane (not shown). The compressor casing guides the combustion gas compressed by the compressor to the vane, and guides the compressed combustion gas to the air supply pipe G1. An impeller is formed in the compressor casing, and is comprised so that it may rotate freely about a rotating shaft center. An impeller is formed by the environmental member mentioned later based on an Al alloy (for example, JIS A2618). The silencer 21a is further connected to the inlet side of the combustion gas of the compressor 21.

The silencer 21a is a cylindrical device provided with a plurality of silencer elements (not shown) in the circumferential direction. The silencer is configured such that noise generated by the drive of the compressor 21 does not fall into the engine room where the engine main body 11 is arranged. In addition, the silencer 21a forms a passage for guiding the gas for combustion to the compressor 21. Here, the silencer 21a has a path for guiding the air in the engine room as the combustion air to the compressor 21 from between the silencer elements, and the recirculating gas from the axial direction of the silencer 21a to the compressor 21. It is connected to the induction | emission exhaust gas recirculation piping G6. In the EGR operation, the combustion gas is generated by mixing the recycle gas from the exhaust gas recirculation pipe G6 and the combustion air.

The turbine 22 is connected with the exhaust pipe G3 which discharges the exhaust gas which rotated the turbine 22, and this exhaust pipe G3 is connected to the stack through the exhaust gas processing apparatus which is not shown in figure. Funnel).

The air cooler 13 cools a combustion gas by heat-exchanging the combustion gas and cooling water which were compressed by the compressor 21 and became high temperature, and raises the oxygen density in a combustion gas.

The EGR system 14 includes exhaust gas recirculation piping G4, G5 and G6, a scrubber 23, a demister unit 24, and an EGR blower 25, and the exhaust side of the turbine 22. And the air supply side of the compressor 21. The EGR system 14 is discharged from the engine main body 11 and recycles a part of the exhaust gas which has passed through the turbine 22 to the engine main body 11 as recirculation gas. The recirculating gas is mixed with the combustion air after the harmful substances are removed, and then compressed by the compressor 21 and recycled to the engine main body 11 as the combustion gas.

The scrubber 23 removes harmful substances, such as SOx (S component) and particulate matter (PM), such as dust containing, by injecting a liquid to the recycle gas. Moreover, the scrubber 23 is connected to the exhaust gas recirculation piping G5 which discharges the recycle gas and waste liquid from which the harmful substance was removed.

The demister unit 24 separates the recycle gas from which the harmful substance was removed, and waste liquid, and removes the droplet in the recycle gas. Moreover, the demister unit 24 is provided with the waste liquid circulation piping W1 which circulates waste liquid to the scrubber 23. As shown in FIG. And this drainage piping W1 is provided with the hold tank 31 and the pump 32 which store the drainage temporarily.

The EGR blower 25 guides the recycle gas from the scrubber 23 to the demister unit 24 from the exhaust gas recirculation pipe G5.

The engine which concerns on this invention uses the environmentally-resistant member which concerns on this invention which has both erosion resistance and corroelectric resistance for the vane of the compressor 21.

In addition, the engine which concerns on this invention is not limited to a marine engine, It is applicable to the whole engine which has a low pressure EGR system.

EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION Hereinafter, the environmental resistant member which concerns on this invention is demonstrated using drawing for each Example.

Example 1

2 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating the environmentally resistant member according to the present embodiment. As shown in FIG. 2, the environmentally-resistant member which concerns on a present Example is the electroless-plating layer 42 formed on the surface of Al alloy base material 41 and Al alloy base material 41 (upper side in the figure. The Si layer 43 formed in the surface of the plating layer 42, and the diamond-like carbon (DLC) layer 44 formed in the surface of the Si layer 43 are provided.

As the specific example, the electroless plating layer 42 uses electroless Ni-P plating or electroless Ni-B plating, or electroless Ni-P plating or electroless Ni-B plating in which hard particles other than SiC are combined. do. In addition, by incorporating hard particles other than SiC into the electroless plating, the hardness becomes high and it is difficult to deform more.

In addition, the electroless plating layer 42 is a plating in which the S component is reduced. This is realized by using a plating solution using a stabilizer having a low S component and a surfactant in the step of forming the plating.

By setting it as the said structure, the environmental resistance member which concerns on a present Example can have both erosion resistance and coroelectric resistance. That is, by forming the electroless plating layer 42 and the DLC layer 44 on the surface of the Al alloy base material 41, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of cracks due to collision of the droplets. That is, by forming the hard DLC layer 44, erosion resistance and coroelectric resistance can be ensured.

Moreover, the electroless plating layer 42 can improve the coroelectric resistance of the electroless plating layer 42 itself by reducing S component. The electroless plating layer 42 is not limited to the material, and an amorphous film of Ni-P or Ni-B compound can be applied.

In addition, the environmentally-resistant member which concerns on a present Example forms the Si layer 43 between the DLC layer 44 and the electroless plating layer 42, and the penetration defect at the time of coating film formation (the surface of the Al alloy base material 41) Corrosion by the defect which reached until can be prevented.

If the electroless plating layer 42 is not formed, even if the DLC layer 44 has erosion resistance, the Al alloy base material 41 of the inner side (lower side in the drawing. ) Is deformed, which causes the DLC layer 44 to deform and cause cracking. Therefore, in this embodiment, the electroless plating layer 42 harder than the Al alloy base material 41 is formed between the Al alloy base material 41 and the DLC layer 44 to deform the upper DLC layer 44. This can suppress the occurrence of cracks. That is, although the DLC layer 44 has a small effect of preventing the occurrence of cracking in a single layer, the occurrence of cracking can be prevented by forming the electroless plating layer 42 inside.

Then, by forming the Si layer 43 between the DLC layer 44 and the electroless plating layer 42, adhesion to the electroless plating is ensured (in between the DLC layer 44 and the electroless plating layer 42 Adhesion is improved by the Si layer 43 having hardness), and penetration defects of the DLC layer 44 can be prevented.

In addition, since the DLC layer 44 is formed by the chemical vapor deposition method using the Si type gas, as a layer formed between the DLC layer 44 and the electroless plating layer 42, as mentioned above, the Si layer 43 ), The adhesion to the electroless plating layer 42 can be improved. In this point, in the said patent document 2, since it is an intermediate | middle layer of the compound containing Si in carbon, adhesiveness with a plating layer cannot be improved compared with a present Example.

In detail with respect to this point, the reason for using the Si layer 43 on the surface of the electroless plating layer 42 is that the hardness of the intermediate hardness of each of the electroless plating layer 42 and the DLC layer 44 is determined. This is to increase the hardness stepwise toward the surface layer and to prevent peeling at the interface of each layer. Compared with the carbon compound layer containing Si of the said patent document 2, this structure becomes possible to increase the hardness uniformly, and the response force to the deformation | transformation with respect to the impact force at the time of a droplet collision increases, and the peeling prevention capability between each layer is carried out. Will increase.

Example 2

3 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating the environmental resistance member according to the present embodiment. As shown in FIG. 3, as an environmentally resistant member which concerns on a present Example, the surface of the electroless plating layer 42 and the electroless plating layer 42 formed in the surface of the Al alloy base material 41 and the Al alloy base material 41 are described. The Si layer 43 formed in the structure, the DLC layer 44 formed on the surface of the Si layer 43, and the polymer electrodeposition layer 61 formed on the surface of the DLC layer 44 are provided.

That is, in the environmentally resistant member according to the present embodiment, the polymer electrodeposition layer 61 is formed on the surface of the DLC layer 44 which is the outermost surface portion of the environmentally resistant member according to the first embodiment.

As a specific example of the polymer electrodeposition layer 61, an epoxy, polyimide, fluorine or polyimideamide material is used. In addition, the thickness of the polymer electrodeposition layer 61 shall be 5 micrometers or more. This is because defects may occur when the thickness is less than 5 µm. More preferably, it is 10-40 micrometers. In addition, since it is an electrodeposition layer, the upper limit on manufacture is about 50 micrometers.

The surface of the DLC layer 44 is shot blasted by fine particles or shot by a medium containing hard ceramic particles in viscoelastic particles. By forming the polymer electrodeposition layer 61 thereon, the adhesiveness of the polymer electrodeposition layer 61 and the DLC layer 44 can be improved.

The polymer electrodeposition layer 61 thus formed has a role of alleviating the impact force of the droplets and improving the coroelectric resistance. Moreover, corrosion by the penetration defect at the time of coating film formation can be prevented more reliably.

Example 3

4 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating the environmentally resistant member according to the present embodiment. As shown in FIG. 4, as an environmentally resistant member which concerns on a present Example, the surface of the electroless plating layer 42 and the electroless plating layer 42 formed in the surface of the Al alloy base material 41 and the Al alloy base material 41 are described. And a ceramic layer 54 formed on the surface of the corrosion resistant metal layer 53.

As the specific example, the electroless plating layer 42 uses electroless Ni-P plating or electroless Ni-B plating, or electroless Ni-P plating or electroless Ni-B plating in which hard particles other than SiC are combined. do. In addition, the electroless plating layer 42 is a plating in which the S component is reduced. This is realized by using a plating solution using a stabilizer having a low S component and a surfactant in the step of forming the plating. About these points, it is the same as that of Example 1.

In addition, the ceramic layer 54 is specifically made of nitride or carbonitride such as CrN, TiN, TiCN or TiAlN. As a specific example of the corrosion resistant metal layer 53, Cr is used when the ceramic layer 54 contains Cr, and Ti is used when the ceramic layer 54 contains Ti.

By setting it as the said structure, the environmental resistance member which concerns on a present Example can have both erosion resistance and coroelectric resistance. That is, by forming the electroless plating layer 42 and the ceramic layer 54 on the surface of the Al alloy base material 41, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of cracking due to the collision of the droplets. That is, by forming the hard ceramic layer 54, securing erosion resistance and securing corrosion resistance can be improved.

In addition, similarly to Example 1, the electroless plating layer 42 can improve the coroelectric resistance of the electroless plating layer 42 itself by reducing the S component.

In addition, the environmentally-resistant member which concerns on a present Example can prevent corrosion by the penetration defect at the time of coating film formation by forming the corrosion-resistant metal layer 53 between the ceramic layer 54 and the electroless-plating layer 42. FIG.

In addition, if the electroless plating layer 42 is not formed, even if the ceramic layer 54 has erosion resistance, the internal Al alloy base material 41 deforms at the time of droplet collision, thereby deteriorating the ceramic. The layer 54 is deformed and causes cracking. Therefore, in this embodiment, the electroless plating layer 42 harder than the Al alloy base material 41 is formed between the Al alloy base material 41 and the ceramic layer 54 to deform the upper ceramic layer 54. This can suppress the occurrence of cracks. That is, although the ceramic layer 54 has a small effect of preventing the occurrence of cracking in a single layer, the occurrence of cracking can be prevented by forming the electroless plating layer 42 inside.

And by forming the corrosion-resistant metal layer 53 between the ceramic layer 54 and the electroless plating layer 42, adhesiveness with the electroless plating layer 42 is ensured (ceramic layer 54 and the electroless plating layer 42 Adhesion is improved by the corrosion-resistant metal layer 53 which has the intermediate hardness of (), and the penetration defect of the ceramic layer 54 can be prevented.

In addition, the ceramic layer 54 is formed by the physical vapor deposition method. For example, when the ceramic layer 54 is CrN, the Cr plate is dissolved and deposited by arc discharge. When the ceramic layer 54 is TiN, the Ti plate is dissolved and deposited by arc discharge. Therefore, as the corrosion-resistant metal layer 53 formed between the ceramic layer 54 and the electroless plating layer 42, when the ceramic layer 54 contains Cr, Cr is used and the ceramic layer 54 is Ti. Ti is used when it contains. Thereby, the electroless plating layer 42 and the ceramic layer 54 can be firmly held. In this point, in the said patent document 2, since it is an intermediate | middle layer of the compound containing Si in carbon, adhesiveness with the ceramic layer 54 cannot be improved mainly.

In detail, this is why the Cr layer is formed on the surface of the electroless plating layer 42, for example, when the ceramic layer 54 is CrN, and when the ceramic layer 54 is TiN. Is to increase the hardness step by step toward the surface layer and prevent peeling at the interface of each layer by forming a layer of intermediate hardness of the hardness of each of the electroless plating layer 42 and the ceramic layer 54. . Compared with the carbon compound containing Si of the said patent document 2, this structure becomes possible to increase the hardness uniformly, and the response force to the deformation | transformation with respect to the impact force at the time of a droplet collision increases, and the peeling prevention capability between layers is carried out. Will increase.

Example 4

5 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating the environmentally resistant member according to the present embodiment. As shown in FIG. 5, the environmentally-resistant member which concerns on a present Example is made to the surface of the electroless-plating layer 42 and the electroless-plating layer 42 formed in the surface of the Al alloy base material 41 and the Al alloy base material 41. As shown in FIG. The formed corrosion-resistant metal layer 53, the ceramic layer 54 formed on the surface of the corrosion-resistant metal layer 53, and the polymer electrodeposition layer 61 formed on the surface of the ceramic layer 54 are provided.

That is, in the environmentally resistant member according to the present embodiment, the polymer electrodeposition layer 61 is formed on the surface of the ceramic layer 54 which is the outermost surface portion of the environmentally resistant member according to the third embodiment.

As a specific example of the polymer electrodeposition layer 61, it is set as epoxy, polyimide, fluorine, or polyimide amide material similarly to Example 2. Moreover, the thickness of the polymer electrodeposition layer 61 shall be 5 micrometers or more, More preferably, you may be 10-40 micrometers.

The surface of the ceramic layer 54 is shot blasted by fine particles or shot by a medium containing hard ceramic particles in viscoelastic particles. By forming the polymer electrodeposition layer 61 thereon, the adhesiveness of the polymer electrodeposition layer 61 and the ceramic layer 54 can be improved.

The polymer electrodeposition layer 61 thus formed has a role of alleviating the impact force of the droplets and improving the coroelectric resistance. Moreover, corrosion by the penetration defect at the time of coating film formation can be prevented more reliably.

Industrial availability

This invention is suitable as an environmentally-resistant member and a vane, a compressor, and an engine using the same.

10: marine engine
11: engine body
12: supercharger
13: air cooler
14: EGR system
21: compressor
22: turbine
23: scrubber
24: Demister Unit
25: EGR blower
31: Hold Tank
32: pump
41: Al alloy base material
42: electroless plating layer
43 Si layer
44: DLC Layer
53: corrosion resistant metal layer
54: ceramic layer
61: polymer electrodeposition layer

Claims (10)

Al alloy base material,
An electroless plating layer formed on the surface of the Al alloy base material,
An Si layer formed on the surface of the electroless plating layer,
And a diamond-like carbon layer formed on the surface of the Si layer. The method of claim 1,
And a polymer electrodeposition layer formed on the surface of the diamond-like carbon layer. The method of claim 2,
The surface of the said diamond-like carbon layer is shot blasted or shot by the medium containing hard ceramic particle in viscoelastic particle | grains, The environmental-resistant member characterized by the above-mentioned. Al alloy base material,
An electroless plating layer formed on the surface of the Al alloy base material,
A Cr layer formed on the surface of the electroless plating layer,
And a ceramic layer containing Cr, which is formed on the surface of the Cr layer. Al alloy base material,
An electroless plating layer formed on the surface of the Al alloy base material,
A Ti layer formed on the surface of the electroless plating layer,
And a ceramic layer containing Ti, which is formed on the surface of the Ti layer. The method according to claim 4 or 5,
And a polymer electrodeposition layer formed on the surface of the ceramic layer. The method of claim 6,
The surface of the said ceramic layer is shot blasted or shot by the medium containing hard ceramic particle in viscoelastic particle | grains, The environmentally-resistant member characterized by the above-mentioned. An impeller formed from the environmentally resistant member according to any one of claims 1 to 7. The vane of Claim 8,
And a compressor casing for accommodating the vanes therein. With the engine body,
A turbocharger having a compressor according to claim 9 connected to an air supply side of the engine main body, and a turbine connected to the compressor and connected to an exhaust side of the engine main body;
And an EGR system connected between the exhaust side of the turbine and the air supply side of the compressor.

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