KR20190060983A - Fire resistant ceramic batch and method for manufacturing refractory ceramic product - Google Patents

Fire resistant ceramic batch and method for manufacturing refractory ceramic product Download PDF

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KR20190060983A
KR20190060983A KR1020197006076A KR20197006076A KR20190060983A KR 20190060983 A KR20190060983 A KR 20190060983A KR 1020197006076 A KR1020197006076 A KR 1020197006076A KR 20197006076 A KR20197006076 A KR 20197006076A KR 20190060983 A KR20190060983 A KR 20190060983A
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refractory
batch
basic component
polysilicic acid
mass
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KR1020197006076A
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Korean (ko)
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KR102383312B1 (en
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제럴드 레이프
밀로스 블라이스
스테판 울리
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리프랙토리 인터렉추얼 프라퍼티 게엠베하 운트 코. 카게
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Abstract

본 발명은 내화성 세라믹 배치 및 내화성 세라믹 제품을 제조하기 위한 방법에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to refractory ceramic batches and methods for making refractory ceramic products.

Description

내화성 세라믹 배치 및 내화성 세라믹 제품을 제조하기 위한 방법Fire resistant ceramic batch and method for manufacturing refractory ceramic product

본 발명은 내화성 세라믹 배치(batch) 및 내화성 세라믹 제품을 제조하기 위한 방법에 관한 것이다.FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to refractory ceramic batches and methods for manufacturing refractory ceramic products.

본 발명의 의미 이내에서 용어 "내화성 세라믹 제품"은 특히 600°C 이상의 작동 온도를 갖는 내화성 제품 및 바람직하게는 DIN　51060:2000-6에 따른 내화성 물질, 다시 말해서 SK　17 초과 내화도를 갖는 물질을 나타낸다. 내화도는 특히 DIN　EN　993-12:1997-06에 따라서 결정될 수 있다.The term " refractory ceramic product " within the meaning of the present invention refers to a refractory product having an operating temperature of at least 600 ° C and preferably a refractory material according to DIN 51060: 2000-6, . The fire resistance can be determined in particular according to DIN EN 993-12: 1997-06.

알려진 것과 같이, "내화성 세라믹 배치"는, 내화성 세라믹 제품이 열 처리에 의하여, 다시 말해서 특히 세라믹 소성에 의하여 제조될 수 있는, 하나 또는 그 이상의 성분 또는 원재료로 형성되는 조성물을 나타낸다.As is known, a " refractory ceramic arrangement " refers to a composition formed of one or more components or raw materials in which a refractory ceramic article can be produced by heat treatment, i.

소성되지 않은 배치를 처리하기 위하여, 상기 배치는 특히 액체 형태로 또한 존재할 수 있는 결합제를 통상적으로 포함한다. 배치가 건조되거나 가열될 때, 예를 들어 세라믹 소성 동안, 그러한 액체 결합제의 휘발성 성분은, 예를 들어 기체 형태로 또는 증기의 형태로, 적어도 부분적으로 배치로부터 빠져나간다. 하지만, 그러한 액체 결합제의 휘발성 성분이 배치로부터 너무 빠르게 빠져나간다면, 이는 배치 또는 배치로부터 소성된 내화성 세라믹 제품을 손상시킬 수 있다. 예를 들어, 그러한 액체 결합제의 휘발성 성분이 배치로부터 너무 빠르게 빠져나간다면, 이는 배치로부터 제조되는 내화성 세라믹 제품에서의 스폴링 또는 균열 형성으로 이어질 수 있고, 이에 의하여 제품의 유용성이, 예를 들어 불충분한 내구성 때문에 나빠질 수 있다.In order to treat unfired batches, such batches typically include binders which may also be present, especially in liquid form. When the batch is dried or heated, for example during ceramic firing, the volatile components of such liquid binder escape at least partially from the batch, for example in the form of a gas or in the form of a vapor. However, if the volatile components of such a liquid binder escape too quickly from the batch, this can damage the refractory ceramic product fired from the batch or batch. For example, if the volatile constituents of such liquid binders escape too quickly from the batch, this can lead to spalling or crack formation in the refractory ceramic article produced from the batch, thereby reducing the usefulness of the product, One durability can make you worse.

배치 또는 이로부터 소성된 내화성 세라믹 제품에 대한 그러한 손상의 위험은 특히 실리카 졸의 형태로 결합제의 사용에서도 또한 마주치게 된다.The risk of such damage to the refractory ceramic products being fired or fired therefrom is also encountered, particularly in the use of binders in the form of silica sols.

따라서, 배치가 건조되거나 가열될 때 배치 또는 이로부터 소성된 내화성 세라믹 제품에 대한 손상의 위험이 감소되는 실리카 졸의 형태인 결합제를 포함하는 배치를 제공하기 위한 많은 노력이 있어왔다.Thus, much effort has been devoted to providing a batch comprising a binder in the form of a silica sol in which the risk of damage to the refractory ceramic product is reduced when the batch is dried or heated.

본 발명의 목적은, 실리카 졸의 형태인 결합제를 포함하고, 건조되고 가열될 때, 배치 또는 이로부터 소성될 내화성 세라믹 제품에 대한 손상의 위험이 감소되는 내화성 세라믹 배치를 제공하는 것이다.It is an object of the present invention to provide a refractory ceramic batch which comprises a binder in the form of a silica sol and which, when dried and heated, reduces the risk of damage to the refractory ceramic product to be placed or fired therefrom.

이러한 목적을 달성하기 위하여 내화성 세라믹 배치는 본 발명에 따라서 제공되고, 다음의 성분을 포함한다: 내화성 염기성 성분, 실리카 졸의 형태인 결합제, 및 하나 또는 그 이상의 다가 알코올의 형태인 알코올 성분. 본 명세서에서 물 내 폴리규산의 콜로이드성 현탁액의 형태로 실리카 졸이 존재한다. 게다가, 폴리규산에 대한 내화성 염기성 성분의 질량비는 적어도 10 및 최대 55이다.To this end, refractory ceramic batches are provided according to the present invention and comprise the following components: a refractory basic component, a binder in the form of a silica sol, and an alcohol component in the form of one or more polyhydric alcohols. Herein, silica sol is present in the form of a colloidal suspension of polysilicic acid in water. In addition, the mass ratio of the refractory basic component to the polysilicic acid is at least 10 and at most 55. [

한 편으로는 내화성 세라믹 배치가 상기 알코올 성분을 포함하고 다른 한 편으로는 실리카 졸의 폴리규산 및 내화성 염기성 성분이 서로에 대한 특정한 질량비로 제공된다면, 상기-기술된 문제를 해결하는 내화성 세라믹 배치가 제공될 수 있다는 것이, 본 발명에 따라서 놀랍게도 밝혀졌다. 폴리규산에 대한 내화성 염기성 성분의 적어도 10 및 최대 55 의 질량비를 가질 때, 실리카 졸의 형태인 결합제를 포함하고, 건조되거나 가열될 때, 배치 또는 이로부터 소성될 내화성 세라믹 제품에 대한 손상의 위험이 감소되는 배치를 제공하는 것이 가능하다는 것이 If, on the one hand, the refractory ceramic arrangement comprises said alcohol component and on the other hand the polysilicic acid and the refractory basic component of the silica sol are provided at a specific mass ratio to one another, then the refractory ceramic arrangement which solves the above- It has been surprisingly discovered in accordance with the present invention. The risk of damage to the refractory ceramic product to be placed or fired therefrom when it is dried or heated comprises a binder which is in the form of a silica sol when having a mass ratio of at least 10 and at most 55 of the refractory basic component to polysilicic acid It is possible to provide a reduced layout

본 발명에 따라서 밝혀졌다.Have been discovered in accordance with the present invention.

본 발명자에 의해 수행되는 이전의 테스트에 기초하여, 본 발명에 따른 배치가 건조되거나 가열될 때, 배치 또는 이로부터 소성될 내화성 세라믹 제품에 대한 감소된 손상의 이러한 효과는, 특히, 본 발명에 따른 배치가 건조되거나 가열될 때, 실리카 졸의 휘발성 성분이 특히 느리게 및 균일하게, 특별히 알코올 성분의 형태인 본 발명에 따른 성분을 포함하지 않거나 폴리규산에 대한 내화성 염기성 성분의 질량비가 본 발명에 따른 범위 이내에 속하지 않는 실리카 졸의 형태인 결합제를 포함하는 배치에서보다 더욱 느리게 및 더욱 균일하게 빠져나간다는 사실에 기인할 수 있다.Based on previous tests performed by the present inventors, this effect of reduced damage to the refractory ceramic article to be fired or to be fired when the arrangement according to the present invention is dried or heated, in particular, When the batch is dried or heated, the volatile constituents of the silica sol do not contain the components according to the invention particularly slowly and uniformly, in particular in the form of alcohol constituents, or when the mass ratio of the refractory basic constituents to the polysilicic acid is in the range according to the invention And even more uniformly than in batches that include binders in the form of silica sol that do not belong to any of these groups.

알려진 것과 같이, 실리카 졸은 물 내 실리콘 디옥사이드로부터 형성되는 폴리규산의 콜로이드성 현탁액이다.As is known, silica sol is a colloidal suspension of polysilicic acid formed from silicon dioxide in water.

본 발명에 따라서 폴리규산에 대한 내화성 염기성 성분의 질량비, 즉 본 발명에 따른 배치 내 결합제의 폴리규산의 질량에 대한 내화성 염기성 성분의 질량의 비율은 10 내지 55의 범위 내에 있다.According to the invention, the ratio of the mass of the refractory basic component to the polysilicic acid, i.e. the mass of the refractory basic component with respect to the mass of the polysilicic acid of the binder in the batch according to the invention, is in the range from 10 to 55.

폴리규산에 대한 내화성 염기성 성분의 질량비가 적어도 24 및 최대 34의 매우 특정한 범위에 접근한다면, 결합제의 휘발성 성분은, 그의 건조 또는 가열 동안, 본 발명에 따른 배치로부터 점점 더 더욱 균일하게 또는 점점 더 느리게 빠져나간다는 것이 본 발명에 따라 밝혀졌다.If the mass ratio of the refractory basic component to the polysilicic acid approaches a very specific range of at least 24 and up to 34, the volatile constituents of the binder will be more or less homogeneously or more slowly released from the arrangement according to the invention during its drying or heating It has been found out according to the present invention.

이와 관련하여, 폴리규산에 대한 내화성 염기성 성분의 질량비는 적어도 10, 다시 말해서 특히 예를 들어 또한 적어도 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 또는 적어도 24 인 것이 제공될 수 있다.In this connection, the mass ratio of the refractory basic component to the polysilicic acid is at least 10, in particular in particular also at least 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23 , Or at least 24 may be provided.

이와 관련하여, 폴리규산에 대한 내화성 염기성 성분의 질량비는 최대 55, 다시 말해서 특히 예를 들어 또한 최대 52, 48, 44, 40, 36, 35, 또는 최대 34인 것이 또한 제공될 수 있다.In this connection it can also be provided that the mass ratio of the refractory basic component to polysilicic acid is at most 55, in particular in particular also at most 52, 48, 44, 40, 36, 35, or at most 34, for example.

하나의 구체예에 따라서, 폴리규산에 대한 내화성 염기성 성분의 질량비는 적어도 16 및 최대 48 인 것이 제공된다. 추가의 구체예에 따라서, 폴리규산에 대한 내화성 염기성 성분의 질량비는 적어도 19 및 최대 40 인 것이 제공된다. 추가의 구체예에 따라서, 폴리규산에 대한 내화성 염기성 성분의 질량비는 적어도 22 및 최대 36 인 것이 제공된다. 마지막으로, 추가의 구체예에 따라서, 폴리규산에 대한 내화성 염기성 성분의 질량비는 적어도 24 및 최대 34 인 것이 제공된다.According to one embodiment, the mass ratio of the refractory basic component to the polysilicic acid is at least 16 and at most 48. [ According to a further embodiment, a mass ratio of the refractory basic component to polysilicic acid is at least 19 and at most 40 are provided. According to a further embodiment, the mass ratio of the refractory basic component to polysilicic acid is at least 22 and at most 36. Finally, according to a further embodiment, the mass ratio of the refractory basic component to polysilicic acid is at least 24 and at most 34. [

본 발명에 따른 배치의 내화성 염기성 성분의 질량에 기초하여, 폴리규산이, 예를 들어 2 내지 8 질량 % 범위인 비율로, 다시 말해서 예를 들어 또한 적어도 2, 3, 또는 4 질량 %의 비율로, 및 예를 들어 또한 8, 7, 6 또는 5 질량 %의 비율로 배치 내 존재한다.On the basis of the mass of the refractory basic component of the batch according to the invention, the polysilicic acid may be present in a proportion ranging from, for example, from 2 to 8% by weight, i.e. in a proportion of at least 2, 3, or 4% , And, for example, also in the ratio of 8, 7, 6 or 5% by mass.

본 발명에 따른 배치 내 실리카 졸에 대한 내화성 염기성 성분의 질량비는 예를 들어 적어도 5 및 최대 25 일 수 있다. 이와 관련하여, 실리카 졸에 대한 내화성 염기성 성분의 질량비는 예를 들어 적어도 5, 6, 7 또는 8 및 예를 들어 최대 25, 24, 23, 22, 21, 20, 19, 18, 17, 16, 15, 14, 13, 12 또는 11 일 수 있다.The mass ratio of the refractory basic component to the silica sol in the batch according to the invention can be, for example, at least 5 and at most 25. In this regard, the mass ratio of the refractory basic component to the silica sol can be, for example, at least 5, 6, 7 or 8 and for example up to 25, 24, 23, 22, 21, 20, 19, 18, 15, 14, 13, 12, or 11.

배치 내 실리카 졸에 대한 내화성 염기성 성분의 질량비가 이 범위 이내에 있다면, 결합제의 휘발성 성분은, 배치의 건조 또는 가열 동안, 본 발명에 따른 배치로부터 훨씬 더욱 균일하게 또는 느리게 빠져나간다는 것이 본 발명에 따라 밝혀졌다.If the mass ratio of the refractory basic component to the silica sol in the batch is within this range it is advantageous according to the present invention that the volatile components of the binder escape much more uniformly or slowly from the arrangement according to the invention during drying or heating of the batch It turned out.

하나의 구체예에 따라서, 실리카 졸에 대한 내화성 염기성 성분의 질량비는 적어도 6 및 최대 20 인 것이 제공된다. 하나의 구체예에 따라서, 실리카 졸에 대한 내화성 염기성 성분의 질량비는 적어도 7 및 최대 15 인 것이 제공된다. 추가의 구체예에 따라서, 실리카 졸에 대한 내화성 염기성 성분의 질량비는 적어도 8 및 최대 11 인 것이 제공된다.According to one embodiment, the mass ratio of the refractory basic component to the silica sol is at least 6 and at most 20. According to one embodiment, the mass ratio of the refractory basic component to the silica sol is at least 7 and at most 15. According to a further embodiment, the mass ratio of the refractory basic component to the silica sol is at least 8 and at most 11.

실리카 졸의 질량에 기초하여, 폴리규산이, 예를 들어 30 내지 50 질량 % 범위인 비율로, 다시 말해서 예를 들어 또한 적어도 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39 또는 40 질량 %의 비율로, 및 예를 들어 또한 50, 49, 48, 47 또는 46 질량 %의 비율로 실리카 졸 내에 존재한다. 하나의 구체예에 따라서, 실리카 졸 내 폴리규산의 질량비는 적어도 36 및 최대 48 인 것이 제공된다. 추가의 구체예에 따라서, 실리카 졸 내 폴리규산의 질량비는 적어도 38 및 최대 46 인 것이 제공된다.Based on the mass of the silica sol, the polysilicic acid is present in the proportion of, for example, 30 to 50 mass%, i.e., at least 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39 or 40 mass%, and for example also 50, 49, 48, 47 or 46 mass%. According to one embodiment, the mass ratio of polysilicic acid in the silica sol is at least 36 and at most 48. According to a further embodiment, the mass ratio of polysilicic acid in the silica sol is at least 38 and at most 46.

알코올 성분에 대한 폴리규산의 질량비, 다시 말해서 본 발명에 따른 배치 내 알코올 성분의 질량에 대한 실리카 졸의 폴리규산의 질량의 비율이 적어도 3 및 최대 16 의 특정한 범위 이내에 있다면, 본 발명에 따른 배치의 유리한 특징, 다시 말해서 건조 및 가열 하에서의 상기 배치의 특히 우수한 특징이 추가로 개선될 수 있다는 것이 본 발명에 따라 밝혀졌다. 이 질량비가 적어도 4 및 최대 12의 특정한 범위에 점점 더 접근한다면, 본 발명에 따른 배치의 특징은 추가로 개선될 수 있다. 이와 관련하여, 알코올 성분에 대한 폴리규산의 질량비는 적어도 3, 4 또는 5 이고 예를 들어 최대 17, 16, 15, 14, 13 또는 12 인 것이 제공될 수 있다.If the ratio of the mass ratio of the polysilicic acid to the alcohol component, in other words the mass of the polysilicic acid of the silica sol to the mass of the alcohol component in the batch according to the invention, is within a specific range of at least 3 and at most 16, It has been found according to the invention that advantageous features, in other words, particularly good features of the arrangement under drying and heating, can be further improved. If this mass ratio approaches more or less a particular range of at least 4 and up to 12, the features of the arrangement according to the invention can be further improved. In this regard, it can be provided that the mass ratio of polysilicic acid to the alcohol component is at least 3, 4 or 5, for example up to 17, 16, 15, 14, 13 or 12.

내화성 염기성 성분의 질량에 기초하여, 알코올 성분은, 예를 들어 0.2 내지 1.8 질량 % 범위인 비율로, 다시 말해서 예를 들어 또한 적어도 0.2 질량 %, 0.3 질량 %, 0.4 질량 % 또는 0.5 질량 %의 비율로, 및 예를 들어 또한 최대 1.8 질량 %, 1.7 질량 %, 1.6 질량 %, 1.5 질량 %, 1.4 질량 %, 1.3 질량 %, 1.2 질량 %, 1.1 질량 %, 1.0 질량 %, 0.9 질량 %, 0.8 질량 %, 또는 0.7 질량 %의 비율로, 본 발명에 따른 배치 내에 존재할 수 있다.Based on the mass of the refractory basic component, the alcohol component may be present in the range of, for example, 0.2 to 1.8 mass%, that is to say in the range of 0.2 mass%, 0.3 mass%, 0.4 mass% For example, also contain at most 1.8, 1.7, 1.6, 1.5, 1.4, 1.3, 1.2, 1.1, 1.0, 0.9, 0.8, %, Or 0.7% by mass of the composition of the present invention.

본 발명에 따른 배치는 하나 또는 그 이상의 다가 알코올의 형태인, 특히 예를 들어 다음의 다가 알코올 중 하나 또는 그 이상의 형태인 알코올 성분을 포함한다: 하나 또는 그 이상의 2가 알코올 또는 하나 또는 그 이상의 3가 알코올.The arrangement according to the invention comprises in particular one or more of the following polyhydric alcohols in the form of one or more polyhydric alcohols: one or more dihydric alcohols or one or more 3 Alcohol.

3가 알코올은 특히 하나 또는 그 이상의 지방족 3가 알코올의 형태로, 예를 들어 글리세롤의 형태로 존재할 수 있다.Trivalent alcohols may be present in particular in the form of one or more aliphatic trivalent alcohols, for example in the form of glycerol.

알코올 성분은 바람직하게는 하나 또는 그 이상의 2가 알코올의 형태로, 특히 다음의 2가 알코올 중 적어도 하나의 형태로 존재한다: The alcohol component is preferably present in the form of one or more dihydric alcohols, in particular in at least one of the following dihydric alcohols:

모노에틸렌 글리콜, 디에틸렌 글리콜, 1,2-프로필렌 글리콜, 1,2-프로필렌 글리콜, 1,3-프로필렌 글리콜, 또는 프로필렌 글리콜.Monoethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, 1,2-propylene glycol, 1,2-propylene glycol, 1,3-propylene glycol, or propylene glycol.

알코올 성분은 특히 바람직하게는 다음의 2가 알코올 중 적어도 하나의 형태로 존재한다: 모노에틸렌 글리콜 또는 디에틸렌 글리콜.The alcohol component is particularly preferably present in at least one of the following dihydric alcohols: monoethylene glycol or diethylene glycol.

내화성 염기성 성분은 하나 또는 그 이상의 내화성 원재료로 이루어진다. 원칙적으로, 내화성 염기성 성분은, 내화성 세라믹 배치 내에 존재할 수 있는 하나 또는 그 이상의 임의의 내화성 원재료로 이루어질 수 있다. 하지만, 내화성 염기성 성분은 바람직하게는 하나 또는 그 이상의 비-염기성 원재료로 이루어진다. 알려진 것과 같이, 비-염기성 원재료는 산화물 SiO2, Al2O3, ZrO2, Cr2O3 또는 카바이드 SiC 중 적어도 하나를 기초로 한다. 이와 관련하여, 본 발명에 따른 배치의 내화성 염기성 성분이 다음의 물질 중 적어도 하나에 기초한 하나 또는 그 이상의 원재료로 이루어지는 것이 바람직할 수 있다: SiO2, Al2O3, ZrO2, Cr2O3 또는 SiC.The refractory basic component consists of one or more refractory raw materials. In principle, the refractory basic component may consist of one or more optional refractory raw materials that may be present in the refractory ceramic batch. However, the refractory basic component preferably consists of one or more non-basic raw materials. As is known, the non-basic raw material is based on at least one of the oxides SiO 2 , Al 2 O 3 , ZrO 2 , Cr 2 O 3 or carbide SiC. In this connection it may be preferred that the refractory basic component of the arrangement according to the invention consists of one or more raw materials based on at least one of the following materials: SiO 2 , Al 2 O 3 , ZrO 2 , Cr 2 O 3 Or SiC.

이들 물질은 이들 물질 중 하나의 원재료의 형태, 예를 들어 석영 (SiO2), 석영 유리 (SiO2), 강옥 (Al2O3), 지르코니아 (ZrO2) 또는 실리콘 카바이드 (SiC) 로, 및/또는 다수의 이들 물질의 원재료의 형태, 예를 들어 내화 점토 (SiO2, Al2O3), 멀라이트 (SiO2, Al2O3) 또는 지르콘 (ZrO2, SiO2) 로 각각의 경우에서 존재할 수 있다.These materials are in the form of a raw material, such as quartz (SiO 2), silica glass (SiO 2), corundum (Al 2 O 3), zirconia (ZrO 2) or silicon carbide (SiC) of these substances, and / or in the form of raw materials of a plurality of these materials, for example in each case as a fire-resistant clay (SiO 2, Al 2 O 3 ) , mullite (SiO 2, Al 2 O 3 ) or zirconium (ZrO 2, SiO 2) Lt; / RTI >

하나의 구체예에 따라서, 내화성 염기성 성분은, 다음의 물질 중 적어도 하나를 기초로 한 하나 또는 그 이상의 원재료의, 내화성 염기성 성분의 총 질량에 관하여 적어도 90 질량 %의 범위로 이루어진다는 것이 제공된다: SiO2, Al2O3, ZrO2, Cr2O3 또는 SiC.According to one embodiment, it is provided that the refractory basic component consists of at least 90% by mass, based on the total mass of the refractory basic component, of one or more of the raw materials based on at least one of the following materials: SiO 2, Al 2 O 3, ZrO 2, Cr 2 O 3 or SiC.

하나의 구체예에 따라서, 내화성 염기성 성분은 다음의 원재료 중 하나 또는 그 이상을 포함한다는 것이 제공된다: 석영, 석영 유리, 용융 실리카, 마이크로실리카, 내화 점토, 멀라이트, 멀라이트-풍부 원재료, 홍주석, 깨진 자기(porcelain), 보크사이트, 소결 강옥, 알루미나, 지르코니아, 지르콘, 남정석, 규선석, 크롬 광석 또는 SiC. 하나의 구체예에 따라서, 내화성 염기성 성분은, 내화성 염기성 성분의 총 질량에 관하여, 상기-언급된 원재료 중 하나 또는 그 이상의 적어도 90 질량 %의 범위로 이루어진다는 것이 제공된다.According to one embodiment, it is provided that the refractory basic component comprises one or more of the following raw materials: quartz, quartz glass, fused silica, microsilica, refractory clay, mullite, mullite-rich raw materials, Porcelain, bauxite, sintered corundum, alumina, zirconia, zircon, marble, sillimanite, chrome ore or SiC. According to one embodiment, it is provided that the refractory basic component is in the range of at least 90% by weight of one or more of the above-mentioned raw materials with respect to the total mass of the refractory basic component.

하나의 구체예에 따라서, 상기-언급된 원재료 외에, 내화성 염기성 성분은 다음의 원재료 중 하나 또는 그 이상을 또한 포함한다는 것이 제공된다: 알루미나 시멘트, 탄소 운반체, 항산화제 (특히 금속 성분, 특히 바람직하게는 분말 형태로 다음의 성분 중 적어도 하나: 금속 알루미늄 또는 금속 실리콘), 결합 점토 또는 강 바늘. 예를 들어, 내화성 염기성 성분은, 내화성 염기성 성분의 총 질량에 관하여 0 내지 10 질량 % 범위인 비율로, 다시 말해서 예를 들어 또한 1 내지 10 질량 % 범위인 비율로, 또는 1 내지 5 질량 % 범위인 비율로 상기-언급된 추가의 원재료를 포함한다는 것이 제공될 수 있다.According to one embodiment, in addition to the above-mentioned raw materials, it is provided that the refractory basic component also comprises one or more of the following raw materials: alumina cement, a carbon carrier, an antioxidant (especially a metal component, At least one of the following components in the form of a powder: metal aluminum or metal silicon), clay or steel needles. For example, the refractory basic component may be present in a proportion ranging from 0 to 10% by weight relative to the total mass of the refractory basic component, that is to say within a range from 1 to 10% by weight, for example from 1 to 5% It can be provided that it includes the above-mentioned additional raw materials in a proportion of the above-mentioned.

하나의 구체예에 따라서, 내화성 염기성 성분은, 내화성 염기성 성분의 총 질량에 관하여 다음의 물질 중 하나 또는 그 이상의 적어도 90 질량 %의 범위로 이루어진다는 것이 제공된다: SiO2, Al2O3, ZrO2, Cr2O3 또는 SiC. 이미 언급된 것과 같이, 이들 산화물은 결국 순수 산화물의 형태로 또는 다수의 이들 산화물의 화합물의 형태로 존재할 수 있다.Thus in one embodiment, the refractory basic component, with respect to the total weight of the refractory basic component made of one or more of at least the range of 90% by weight of the following substances is that there is provided: SiO 2, Al 2 O 3 , ZrO 2 , Cr 2 O 3 or SiC. As already mentioned, these oxides may eventually be present in the form of pure oxides or in the form of a compound of many of these oxides.

배치는 상기-언급된 성분에 더하여 배치 내에 존재하는 추가의 성분과 매우 민감하게 반응할 수 있다는 것이 본 발명에 따라 밝혀졌다. 특히, 배치의 건조 및 가열 특징은 추가의 성분에 의해 손상될 수 있다. 하나의 구체예에 따라서, 그러므로 상기-언급된 성분에 더하여, 다시 말해서 내화성 염기성 성분, 실리카 졸의 형태인 결합제 및 알코올 성분에 더하여, 배치는, 배치의 총 질량에 관하여 각각의 경우에서, 10 질량 % 미만 비율로, 다시 말해서 예를 들어 또한 5 질량 % 미만 비율로, 또는 2 질량 % 미만 비율로 추가의 성분을 또한 포함한다는 것이 제공된다.It has now been found in accordance with the present invention that the batch can react very sensitively with the additional components present in the batch in addition to the above-mentioned components. In particular, the drying and heating characteristics of the batch can be impaired by additional ingredients. According to one embodiment, therefore, in addition to the above-mentioned components, in other words in addition to the refractory basic component, the binder and the alcohol component in the form of a silica sol, the batch is in each case about 10 mass %, I. E., For example, also less than 5% by weight, or less than 2% by weight of the composition.

본 발명에 따른 내화성 세라믹 배치는, 원칙적으로 임의로 사용될 수 있거나 또는 내화성 세라믹 제품의 제조용으로 처리될 수 있다. 본 발명에 따른 내화성 세라믹 배치는, 다시 말해서 비-성형 내화성 세라믹 물질의 형태, 다시 말해서 내화성 세라믹 덩어리로서 공지된 것의 형태인 비-성형 내화성 세라믹 제품의 제조를 위해 바람직하게는 사용된다.The refractory ceramic batches according to the invention can in principle be used arbitrarily or can be processed for the production of refractory ceramic products. The refractory ceramic arrangement according to the invention is preferably used for the production of non-shaped refractory ceramic products, in other words in the form of non-shaped refractory ceramic materials, that is to say known as refractory ceramic lumps.

본 발명에 따른 내화성 세라믹 배치로부터 내화성 세라믹 제품을 제조하기 위한 방법은 다음의 단계를 포함한다:A method for manufacturing a refractory ceramic article from a refractory ceramic batch according to the present invention comprises the steps of:

본 발명에 따른 배치를 제공하는 것; Providing an arrangement in accordance with the present invention;

상기 배치를 가열하여 내화성 세라믹 제품을 형성하는 것. And heating said arrangement to form a refractory ceramic product.

본 발명에 따른 배치는 특히 바람직하게는 소성되어 비-성형 내화성 세라믹 제품을 형성한다.The arrangement according to the invention is particularly preferably calcined to form a non-shaped refractory ceramic article.

배치의 가열은 그러므로, 내화성 염기성 성분, 다시 말해서 배치의 내화성 원재료가 서로 소결되어 내화성 세라믹 제품을 형성하는, 세라믹 소성, 다시 말해서 열 처리를 구성할 수 있다. 그러므로 본 발명에 따른 배치로부터 소성될 수 있는 내화성 세라믹 제품은 소결 제품을 구성한다.Heating of the batch can therefore constitute ceramic firing, in other words heat treatment, in which the refractory basic components, in other words the refractory raw materials of the batch, are sintered together to form the refractory ceramic product. Therefore, refractory ceramic products which can be fired from the arrangement according to the invention constitute a sintered product.

소성은, 염기성 성분의 원재료의 소결에 적합한 온도에서, 예를 들어 1200 내지 1600°C 범위인 온도에서, 특히 예를 들어 1250 내지 1500°C 범위인 온도에서 수행될 수 있다.The calcination can be carried out at a temperature suitable for sintering the raw materials of the basic component, for example in the range of 1200 to 1600 ° C, in particular in the range of, for example, 1250 to 1500 ° C.

이미 언급된 것과 같이, 본 발명에 따른 배치는 내화물 덩어리의 형태로 바람직하게는 처리된다. 이와 관련하여, 배치는, 그의 소성 이전에 성형, 즉 예를 들어 가압되지 않는다는 것이 바람직하게는 제공될 수 있다. 오히려, 배치를 응집체, 예를 들어 산업용 퍼니스(furnace)의 내화성 라이닝(lining)의 일부분의 표면에 비-성형으로 적용하고, 이후, 특히 응집체를 가열하는 것에 의해 표면에서 소성한다.As already mentioned, the arrangement according to the invention is preferably treated in the form of refractory lumps. In this regard, it is preferably provided that the arrangement is not molded, i.e. pressed, for example, prior to its firing. Rather, the batch is applied non-formingly to the surface of a part of the refractory lining of the aggregate, for example an industrial furnace, and then fired at the surface, in particular by heating the aggregate.

본 발명의 추가의 특징은 청구범위, 본 발명의 실시예의 다음의 서술, 도면, 및 도면의 관련 서술로부터 명백해질 것이다.Further features of the present invention will become apparent from the following description of the embodiments of the invention, the drawings, and the accompanying description of the drawings.

본 발명의 모든 특징은 서로, 개별적으로 또는 조합하여 임의로 조합될 수 있다.All of the features of the present invention may be arbitrarily combined with one another, individually or in combination.

본 발명에 따른 배치의 4 개의 실시예가 아래에 기술된 실시예 1 내지 4에 따라서, 더욱 자세히 아래에 설명될 것이다.Four embodiments of arrangements in accordance with the present invention will be described in more detail below in accordance with embodiments 1-4 described below.

도 1 은 실시예 1 내지 4에 따라서, 본 발명에 따른 배치에 대한 건조 곡선 및 본 발명에 따르지 않은 배치에 대한 건조 곡선을 보여준다.1 Show drying curves for batches according to the invention and batches not according to the invention, according to Examples 1 to 4.

실시예 1 내지 4에 따른 배치는 각각의 경우에서 다음의 성분으로 이루어졌다: 내화성 염기성 성분, 실리카 졸의 형태인 결합제, 모노에틸렌 글리콜 또는 디에틸렌 글리콜 의 형태인 알코올 성분, 및 섬유.The batches according to Examples 1 to 4 consisted of the following components in each case: a refractory basic component, a binder in the form of a silica sol, an alcohol component in the form of monoethylene glycol or diethylene glycol, and fibers.

내화성 염기성 성분은, 각각의 경우에서 내화성 염기성 성분의 총 질량에 관하여, 각각의 경우에서 다음의 질량비로 다음의 내화성 세라믹 원재료로 이루어졌다:The refractory basic component consists, in each case, of the following refractory ceramic raw materials in the following mass ratios with respect to the total mass of the refractory basic component in each case:

내화 점토 (6.30 mm까지): 82 질량 %; Refractory clay (up to 6.30 mm): 82% by mass;

소성된 알루미나: 16 질량 %; Calcined alumina: 16% by mass;

마이크로실리카: 2 질량 %. Microsilica: 2% by mass.

상기 섬유는 내화성 염기성 성분의 총 질량에 관하여 (폴리프로필렌 섬유 없이) 0.05 질량 %의 질량비로 폴리프로필렌 섬유의 형태로 제공되었다.The fibers were provided in the form of polypropylene fibers in a mass ratio of 0.05 mass% (without polypropylene fibers) with respect to the total mass of the refractory basic component.

게다가, 실리카 졸이, 내화성 염기성 성분의 총 질량에 관하여 (실리카 졸 없이) 9.5 질량 %의 질량비로, 실시예 1 내지 4에 따른 배치 내에 존재했다. 실리카 졸은 물 내 폴리규산의 콜로이드성 현탁액의 형태로 존재했다. 실리카 졸 내 폴리규산의 질량비는, 실리카 졸의 총 질량에 관하여, 40 질량 %였다. 그러므로 폴리규산에 대한 내화성 염기성 성분의 질량비는 26.32였다.In addition, silica sol was present in the batch according to Examples 1 to 4 in a mass ratio of 9.5 mass% (without silica sol) with respect to the total mass of the refractory basic component. The silica sol was present in the form of a colloidal suspension of polysilicic acid in water. The mass ratio of the polysilicic acid in the silica sol was 40 mass% with respect to the total mass of the silica sol. Therefore, the mass ratio of the refractory basic component to polysilicic acid was 26.32.

그러므로 내화성 염기성 성분의 질량에 기초하여, 폴리규산은 3.8 질량 %의 비율로 배치 내 존재한다.Therefore, based on the mass of the refractory basic component, the polysilicic acid is present in the batch in a ratio of 3.8 mass%.

게다가, 실리카 졸에 대한 내화성 염기성 성분의 질량비는 그러므로 10.53이었다.In addition, the mass ratio of the refractory basic component to silica sol was therefore 10.53.

실시예 1 내지 4에 따른 배치는 그 안에 존재하는 알코올 성분의 유형 및 비율에 관해서 상이했다.The batches according to Examples 1 to 4 differ in terms of the type and proportion of the alcohol component present therein.

실시예 1 및 2에 따른 배치에서, 모노에틸렌 글리콜의 형태로 알코올 성분이 존재하는 반면, 실시예 3 및 4에서 디에틸렌 글리콜의 형태로 알코올 성분이 제공되었다.In the arrangement according to Examples 1 and 2, an alcohol component was present in the form of monoethylene glycol whereas in Examples 3 and 4 an alcohol component was provided in the form of diethylene glycol.

각각의 개별 배치에 대한 알코올 성분의 가능한 가장 균일한 분포를 달성하기 위하여, 실리카 졸을 이후 추가의 성분과 혼합하기 이전에 알코올 성분을 실리카 졸과 혼합하여 실시예에 따른 배치를 형성했다.To achieve the most uniform distribution of the alcohol component for each individual batch, the silica sol was then mixed with the silica sol before mixing with the additional ingredients to form the batch according to the example.

실시예 1에 따라서, 모노에틸렌 글리콜이, 모노에틸렌 글리콜 없는 실리카 졸의 질량에 관하여 5 질량 %의 비율로 실리카 졸 내 용해되어 존재했다. 이는 그 결과 배치 내 모노에틸렌 글리콜에 대한 폴리규산의 8의 질량비가 되었다.According to Example 1, monoethylene glycol was dissolved and dissolved in the silica sol at a ratio of 5 mass% with respect to the mass of the silica sol without monoethylene glycol. This resulted in a mass ratio of 8 of polysilicic acid to monoethylene glycol in the batch.

실시예 2에 따라서, 모노에틸렌 글리콜이, 모노에틸렌 글리콜 없는 실리카 졸의 질량에 관하여 10 질량 %의 비율로 실리카 졸 내 용해되어 존재했다. 이는 그 결과 모노에틸렌 글리콜에 대한 폴리규산의 4의 질량비가 되었다.According to Example 2, monoethylene glycol was dissolved in the silica sol at a ratio of 10 mass% with respect to the mass of the silica sol without monoethylene glycol, and was present. This resulted in a mass ratio of 4 of polysilicic acid to monoethylene glycol.

실시예 3에 따라서, 디에틸렌 글리콜이, 디에틸렌 글리콜 없는 실리카 졸의 질량에 관하여 5 질량 %의 비율로 실리카 졸 내 용해되어 존재했다. 이는 그 결과 배치 내 디에틸렌 글리콜에 대한 폴리규산의 8의 질량비가 되었다.According to Example 3, diethylene glycol was dissolved and dissolved in silica sol at a ratio of 5 mass% with respect to the mass of silica sol without diethylene glycol. This resulted in a mass ratio of 8 of polysilicic acid to diethylene glycol in the batch.

마지막으로, 실시예 4에 따라서, 디에틸렌 글리콜이, 디에틸렌 글리콜 없는 실리카 졸의 질량에 관하여 10 질량 %의 비율로 실리카 졸 내 용해되어 존재했다. 이는 그 결과 디에틸렌 글리콜에 대한 폴리규산의 4의 질량비가 되었다.Finally, according to Example 4, diethylene glycol was dissolved and dissolved in silica sol at a ratio of 10 mass% with respect to the mass of the silica sol without diethylene glycol. This resulted in a mass ratio of 4 of polysilicic acid to diethylene glycol.

그에 따라 제제화된 배치를 완전히 혼합했고 이후 대략 400°C까지 분 당 대략 1°C의 균일한 가열 속도를 이용하여 가열했다.The formulated batches were then mixed thoroughly and then heated to approximately 400 ° C using a uniform heating rate of approximately 1 ° C per minute.

실시예 1 내지 4에 따라 상기-기술된 배치에 대한 해당하는 건조 곡선이 도 1에서 보여진다. 여기서, 도달된 온도를 가로 좌표에 표시하고, 가로 좌표에 명시된 온도에 도달할 때, 배치의 휘발성 성분의 총 질량에 관한 배치의 중량 손실을 세로 좌표에 표시한다. 총 중량 손실을 100%에 대해 표준화했다.The corresponding drying curves for the batches described above according to Examples 1 to 4 are shown in Fig. Here, the reached temperature is expressed in the abscissa, and when the temperature specified in the abscissa is reached, the weight loss of the arrangement with respect to the total mass of the volatile components of the batch is displayed in the ordinate. Total weight loss was standardized to 100%.

실시예 1 내지 4에 따른 4 개의 모든 배치는 대략 230°C의 온도까지 대략 90%의 중량 손실을 나타냈다는 것을 분명히 알 수 있다. 이는 실리카 졸의 휘발성 성분의 대부분이 이 온도까지 증기 형태로 휘발된다는 사실에 기인한다.It can clearly be seen that all four batches according to Examples 1-4 exhibited a weight loss of approximately 90% to a temperature of approximately 230 ° C. This is due to the fact that most of the volatile components of silica sol are volatilized in vapor form to this temperature.

선행 기술에 따른 배치와 실시예 1 내지 4에 따른 배치의 건조 특징 의 비교를 위해, 실시예 1 내지 4에 따른 배치에 크게 해당하는, 비교예에 따른 배치가 알코올 성분을 포함하지 않는 유일한 차이점을 갖는 추가의 배치를 제조했다.For comparison of the arrangement according to the prior art and the drying characteristics of the arrangement according to examples 1 to 4, the arrangement according to the comparative example, which largely corresponds to the arrangement according to examples 1 to 4, . ≪ / RTI >

도 1에서의 이 배치에 대한 건조 곡선("선행 기술"로 나타내어짐)으로부터 알 수 있는 것처럼, 이 배치는 이미 대략 160°C의 온도까지 대략 90%의 중량 손실을 나타냈다.As can be seen from the drying curve for this batch in Figure 1 (shown as "Prior Art"), this batch already showed a weight loss of approximately 90% to a temperature of approximately 160 ° C.

가열하는 경우에서, 실시예 1 내지 4에 따른 본 발명에 따른 배치는 따라서 비교예에 따른 배치보다 결합제의 휘발될 수 있는 대부분의 성분을 더욱 느리게 방출하고, 이에 의하여, 실시예 1 내지 4에 따른 본 발명에 따른 배치에서, 배치 또는 이로부터 제조될 내화성 세라믹 제품에 대한 손상의 위험이 현저하게 감소한다.In the case of heating, the arrangement according to the invention according to Examples 1 to 4 thus releases the most volatile components of the binder more slowly than the arrangement according to the comparative example, In the arrangement according to the invention, the risk of damage to the refractory ceramic products to be produced or to be produced therefrom is significantly reduced.

Claims (12)

다음의 특징을 포함하는 내화성 세라믹 배치:
1.1 배치는 다음의 성분을 포함하고
1.1.1 내화성 염기성 성분;
1.1.2 실리카 졸의 형태인 결합제;
1.1.3 하나 또는 그 이상의 다가 알코올의 형태인 알코올 성분;
1.2 실리카 졸이 물 내 폴리규산의 콜로이드성 현탁액의 형태로 존재하고;
1.3 폴리규산에 대한 내화성 염기성 성분의 질량비는 적어도 10 및 최대 55이고;
1.4 다가 알코올이 다음의 다가 알코올 중 하나 또는 그 이상의 형태로 존재함: 하나 또는 그 이상의 2가 알코올 또는 하나 또는 그 이상의 3가 알코올.A refractory ceramic arrangement comprising:
1.1 The batch contains the following components
1.1.1 Refractory basic components;
1.1.2 binders in the form of silica sols;
1.1.3 alcohol component in the form of one or more polyhydric alcohols;
1.2 silica sol is present in the form of a colloidal suspension of polysilicic acid in water;
1.3 The mass ratio of the refractory basic component to polysilicic acid is at least 10 and at most 55;
1.4 Polyhydric alcohols are present in one or more of the following polyhydric alcohols: one or more dihydric alcohols or one or more trihydric alcohols. 제1항에 있어서, 폴리규산에 대한 내화성 염기성 성분의 질량비는 적어도 16 및 최대 48 인 배치.2. The arrangement of claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the refractory basic component to the polysilicic acid is at least 16 and at most 48. < 선행하는 청구항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 폴리규산에 대한 내화성 염기성 성분의 질량비는 적어도 19 및 최대 40 인 배치.4. A batch according to any one of the preceding claims wherein the weight ratio of the refractory basic component to the polysilicic acid is at least 19 and at most 40. & 선행하는 청구항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 폴리규산에 대한 내화성 염기성 성분의 질량비는 적어도 24 및 최대 34 인 배치.4. A batch according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the mass ratio of the refractory basic component to polysilicic acid is at least 24 and at most 34. & 선행하는 청구항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 실리카 졸에 대한 내화성 염기성 성분의 질량비는 적어도 5 및 최대 25 인 배치.7. A batch according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the mass ratio of the refractory basic component to the silica sol is at least 5 and at most 25. 선행하는 청구항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 하나 또는 그 이상의 2가 알코올의 형태인 다가 알코올을 갖는 배치.11. A batch according to any one of the preceding claims, which has a polyhydric alcohol in the form of one or more dihydric alcohols. 선행하는 청구항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 다음의 2가 알코올 중 적어도 하나의 형태로 2가 알코올을 갖는 배치: 모노에틸렌 글리콜, 디에틸렌 글리콜, 1,2-프로필렌 글리콜, 1,3-프로필렌 글리콜 또는 프로필렌 글리콜.A process according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the batch has a dihydric alcohol in the form of at least one of the following dihydric alcohols: monoethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, 1,2-propylene glycol, 1,3-propylene glycol or Propylene glycol. 선행하는 청구항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 다음의 2가 알코올 중 적어도 하나의 형태로 2가 알코올을 갖는 배치: 모노에틸렌 글리콜 또는 디에틸렌 글리콜.A batch according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the dihydric alcohol has at least one of the following dihydric alcohols: monoethylene glycol or diethylene glycol. 선행하는 청구항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 알코올 성분에 대한 폴리규산의 질량비는 적어도 3 및 최대 16 인 배치.7. A batch according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the mass ratio of polysilicic acid to the alcohol component is at least 3 and up to 16. & 선행하는 청구항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 내화성 염기성 성분은 다음의 물질 중 적어도 하나에 기초한 하나 또는 그 이상의 원재료로 이루어지는 배치: SiO2, Al2O3, ZrO2, Cr2O3 또는 SiC.A method according to any one of the preceding claims, a basic refractory component is arranged consisting of one or more materials based on at least one of the following materials: SiO 2, Al 2 O 3 , ZrO 2, Cr 2 O 3 or SiC. 선행하는 청구항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 내화성 염기성 성분은 다음의 산화물 중 하나 또는 그 이상의 적어도 90 질량 %의 범위로 이루어지는 배치: SiO2, Al2O3, ZrO2, Cr2O3 또는 SiC.A method according to any one of the preceding claims, refractory basic component is placed consisting of one or more of at least the range of 90% by weight of the following oxides: SiO 2, Al 2 O 3 , ZrO 2, Cr 2 O 3 or SiC. 내화성 세라믹 제품을 제조하기 위한, 다음의 특징을 포함하는 방법:
12.1 선행하는 청구항 중 적어도 하나에 따른 배치를 제공하는 것;
12.2 상기 배치를 가열하여 내화성 세라믹 제품을 형성하는 것.A method for manufacturing a refractory ceramic product, comprising the steps of:
12.1 Provide an arrangement according to at least one of the preceding claims;
12.2 heating the batch to form a refractory ceramic product.
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