KR20160118065A - Cooling and heating dwvice for vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

An embodiment of the present invention relates to a vehicle cooling / heating apparatus capable of enhancing energy efficiency, comprising: a power supply unit; A first thermoelectric module including a thermoelectric element between mutually opposing first and second substrates, the first and second thermal conversion members being disposed on the first and second substrates; And a second thermoelectric module including a thermoelectric element between the third substrate and the fourth substrate facing each other and in which the third and fourth thermal conversion members are disposed on the third substrate and the fourth substrate, And a blowing region (X) in which at least two of the first thermoelectric module and the second thermoelectric module are in contact with each other, wherein the first thermoelectric module and the second thermoelectric module And a control unit for controlling the direction of current application to apply the warm air and the cold air to the air blowing area (X).

Description

Technical Field [0001] The present invention relates to a COOLING AND HEATING DWVICE FOR VEHICLE,

An embodiment of the present invention relates to a vehicle cooling / heating apparatus capable of increasing energy efficiency.

Generally, a cooling system for controlling a temperature of a vehicle interior is implemented by a compressor that compresses a refrigerant gas to a high pressure, a condenser, and a refrigerant that inflates a refrigerant and uses the refrigerant to cool the indoor temperature. In addition, in the case of a heating system, the temperature is raised by providing hot air provided through a hot-wire heater.

On the other hand, in the case of electric vehicles developed for replacing fossil fuels in recent years, a similar principle is adopted in that the above-mentioned basic power source for cooling and heating is changed to electricity.

However, in the case of the air-conditioning system of the vehicle described above, in the case of a vehicle using existing gasoline or light oil, problems such as soot and energy efficiency are reduced due to the use of fossil fuel. In the case of an electric vehicle, Energy efficiency is shown, and battery consumption is increased.

Particularly, when the battery consumption of the electric vehicle is large, there is a problem that the travel distance is reduced. In order to realize the four seasons warming and cooling, it is necessary to equip a cooling device (a compressor, a refrigerant condenser, etc.) The increase in the weight and space of the vehicle and the bar causes a problem of deteriorating the overall energy efficiency.

The embodiments of the present invention have been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and in particular, it is possible to implement a function of implementing the function of heating and cooling inside a vehicle by a thermal conversion device including one thermoelectric module, The present invention makes it possible to provide a vehicle air blowing device capable of controlling the flow of current applied to the thermoelectric module to control the cooling and the heating without building the facilities of the cooling equipment.

As means for solving the above-mentioned problems, in the embodiment of the present invention, a power supply unit; A first thermoelectric module including a thermoelectric element between mutually opposing first and second substrates, the first and second thermal conversion members being disposed on the first and second substrates; And a second thermoelectric module including a thermoelectric element between the third substrate and the fourth substrate facing each other and in which the third and fourth thermal conversion members are disposed on the third substrate and the fourth substrate, And a blowing region (X) in which at least two of the first thermoelectric module and the second thermoelectric module are in contact with each other, wherein the first thermoelectric module and the second thermoelectric module And a control unit for controlling the direction of current application to apply the warm air and the cold air to the air blowing area (X).

According to the embodiments of the present invention, it is possible to implement a function of implementing the function of heating and cooling inside a vehicle by a thermal conversion device including one thermoelectric module, There is an effect that the cooling and the heating can be controlled by controlling the flow of the applied current.

Particularly, according to the embodiment of the present invention, it is possible to freely switch between the cold wind and the hot wind according to the direction control of the current, and there is no need for a cooling apparatus or a heating wire structure including an additional large cooler, , It is possible to reduce the load of the vehicle and to reduce fuel and electric consumption.

In addition, when applied to an electric vehicle, it is possible to eliminate the problem of reducing the travel distance due to the reduction in battery consumption of the electric vehicle, and the operation of adjusting the direction and the temperature of the current can be implemented very easily, There is also.

FIG. 1 is a view illustrating an exemplary arrangement of an air blowing device AR according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a blowing device for a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Referring to FIG. 3, this is a schematic cross-sectional view showing one embodiment of the thermal conversion apparatus 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention described above with reference to FIG. 2, and FIG. 4 is an exploded perspective view of FIG.
5 to 9 are conceptual diagrams for explaining various embodiments of the structure of the thermal conversion member according to the embodiment of the present invention.
10 and 11 are conceptual diagrams showing the structure of a thermoelectric module applied to a blower for a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.
12 to 15 illustrate a modified embodiment of a thermoelectric module included in a thermoelectric module applied to a blower for a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, the configuration and operation according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS In the following description with reference to the accompanying drawings, the same reference numerals denote the same elements regardless of the reference numerals, and redundant description thereof will be omitted. The terms first, second, etc. may be used to describe various components, but the components should not be limited by the terms. The terms are used only for the purpose of distinguishing one component from another.

FIG. 1 is a view illustrating an exemplary arrangement of an air blowing device AR according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a blowing device for a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, in the air blowing device AR for a vehicle according to the embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of thermoelectric modules including thermoelectric elements are provided, So that cooled air or warm air can be delivered to the inside of the vehicle.

In particular, for this purpose, in the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Fig. 2, a power supply unit 10 and a first substrate and a second substrate which are opposed to each other include a thermoelectric element, And a first thermoelectric module (100) having first and second thermal conversion members disposed on a second substrate, a thermoelectric element between the third and fourth substrates facing each other, and the third substrate and the fourth And a second thermoelectric module (400) on which the third and fourth thermal conversion members are disposed, wherein at least two of the thermal conversion members of the first thermoelectric module and the second thermoelectric module And an air blowing area X that is formed by a plurality of air vent holes. Furthermore, the control unit 20 controls the direction of current application from the power applying unit 10 to the first thermoelectric module and the second thermoelectric module to apply the hot air and the cold air to the air blowing area X And the like. Further, the air circulation unit 30 may include a fan structure for introducing air into the air blowing area X. The air circulation unit 30 allows the flow of air inside the vehicle to flow and allows the outside air or the air inside the vehicle to flow into or out of the ventilator of the present invention.

The power applying unit 10 applies power to the first and second thermoelectric modules and realizes a Peltier effect on the thermoelectric semiconductor devices so that a heat generating region and a heat absorbing region can be implemented on the substrate provided in the thermoelectric module. In the embodiment of the present invention, the direction of the current applied to the first and second thermoelectric modules can be applied to the thermoelectric module in the forward or reverse direction so that the heat generating region and the heat absorbing region of the thermoelectric module can be easily switched .

Referring to FIG. 3, this is a schematic cross-sectional view showing one embodiment of the thermal conversion apparatus 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention described above with reference to FIG. 2, and FIG. 4 is an exploded perspective view of FIG. In this embodiment, in implementing the thermal conversion device, a thermoelectric device is provided between the first substrate 140 and the second substrate 150 facing each other, and the first substrate 140 and the second substrate 150 And a first thermoelectric module (100) in which the second row switching member is disposed, a thermoelectric element between the third and fourth substrates facing each other, and the third and fourth thermoelectric conversion elements Wherein the first thermoelectric module and the second thermoelectric module include a second substrate for implementing a heat absorbing region and a second substrate having a structure in which the fourth substrate faces each other .

A feature of an embodiment of the present invention is that the switching modules 200 and 300, each including a thermal conversion member, having a pair of thermoelectric modules disposed thereon and implementing a thermoelectric conversion action disposed in each thermoelectric module, , 400, and 600 are arranged in the same space. That is, as shown in FIG. 3, the heat conversion members 300 and 500 are disposed in a space between the first thermoelectric module 100 and the second thermoelectric module 400. This space is defined as a "blowing area X" in the embodiment of the present invention. Each of the heat conversion members 300 and 500 disposed in the airflow region X may be provided with a first thermoelectric module 100 and a second thermoelectric module 300 to implement the same thermal conversion action (400).

For example, the second module 300 including the second row switching member disposed in the air blowing region X and the fourth module 500 including the fourth row switching member may be closely contacted with each other The second heat conversion member and the third heat conversion member can both implement a heat generating function. Alternatively, when the current application direction of the above-described control unit is reversed, all of them can perform the heat absorbing function.

5, the first thermoelectric module 100 includes a thermoelectric semiconductor device 120 having thermoelectric semiconductor elements 120 electrically connected to each other on a pair of mutually opposed substrates 140 and 150 The p-type semiconductor and the n-type semiconductor are arranged in a pair in the thermoelectric semiconductor device, and the heat absorbing portion and the heat generating portion are realized on the pair of substrates by the Peltier effect when current is applied.

For example, in the embodiment of the present invention, a heat absorbing (cooling) region is formed on the second substrate 150 side in the structure of FIG. 5 to form a heat absorbing region of the second module 300, . In this case, at the same time, in the case of the second thermoelectric module 400, a heat absorbing (cooling) region is generated on the side of the fourth module 500 including the thermal conversion member disposed on the fourth substrate, So that a heat generating area can be generated on the side of the third module 600 including the heat converting member to be disposed. In this case, the blowing region X implements a heat absorbing (cooling) region, so that a cooling function can be realized.

Alternatively, in a case where the heat generating region is implemented in the second substrate 150 according to the current application direction and the first substrate 140 is realized as a heat absorbing region, the second thermoelectric module 400 A heat absorbing region is formed on the side of the third module 600 including the thermal conversion member disposed on the third substrate side. In this case, the second module 300 and the fourth module disposed in the air blowing area X become heat generating areas, and can perform the function of the hot air device. Particularly, in the embodiment of the present invention, the air blowing area X may be specialized as a heat generating area, and a customized warm air may be provided to a back seat (rear seat) inside the automobile. That is, as shown in FIG. 1, in the structure of the thermoelectric module according to the embodiment of the present invention, in the air circulation unit of the vehicle, (AR), which is a heat generating unit.

6 and 7 are views showing the structures of the first module 200 and the second module 300 adjacent to the first thermoelectric module 100 of the thermal conversion apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention. The thermal conversion module 400, the third module 500, and the fourth module 600 have the same structure.) On the basis of this, the first module 200 and the second module 400 of the thermal conversion apparatus according to the present invention, 2 module 300 may include a thermal conversion member capable of realizing a cooling or heating effect realized through the first substrate and the second substrate through contact with air with a constant pitch.

The heat conversion members 220 and 320 may be formed in a separate accommodation module 210 or 310. The heat exchanging parts 220 and 320 are disposed on the first substrate 140 and the second substrate 150. The heat exchanging parts 220 and 320 are disposed on the first substrate 140 and the second substrate 150, ) And the surface of the second substrate 150 or in a structure in which they are in contact via a separate receiving module. The thermal conversion device according to the embodiment of the present invention is configured such that the structures of the thermal conversion members 220 and 320 that contact the first substrate 140 and the second substrate 150 to perform thermal conversion are in contact with air, And it is possible to realize a structure having a channel groove with a structure that maximizes a contact area.

In particular, referring to Figs. 7 and 8, this illustrates the structure of the heat conversion member described in Fig. As shown in the figure, the thermal conversion member 220 includes a first plane 221 and a second plane 222, which are opposite to the first plane 221, so as to perform surface contact with air, And at least one flow path pattern 220A for forming an air flow path C 1, which is a constant path of air flow, is implemented.

7, the flow path pattern 220A is formed into a folding structure, that is, a folding structure such that a curvature pattern having a constant pitch P 1, P 2 and a height T 1 is formed. It is also possible to implement it in a way. That is, the heat conversion members 220 and 320 according to the embodiment of the present invention may have a structure in which two surfaces are plane-contacted by air, and a flow path pattern is formed to maximize the contact surface area. 7, the second plane 222, which is the opposite side of the first plane 221 and the first plane 221, when the air flows in the direction of the flow channel C 1 of the inflow portion into which the air flows, So that the air can be moved evenly in contact with the end portion (C 2) of the flow path. As a result, much more air can be brought into contact with the air in the same space than the contact surface with the simple flat plate shape. The effect of the present invention is further enhanced.

In particular, in order to further increase the contact area of the air, the thermal conversion member 220 according to the embodiment of the present invention may be configured to include the resistance pattern 223 on the surface of the substrate, as shown in FIG. 8 . The resistance pattern 223 may be formed on the first curved surface B1 and the second curved surface B2, respectively, in consideration of the unit flow path pattern. The resistance pattern may be formed in a structure that protrudes in either one of a first plane and a second plane opposite to the first plane. Further, the heat exchanging member 220 may further include a plurality of fluid flow grooves 224 passing through the surface of the substrate, through which the heat exchanging member 220 is inserted between the first plane and the second plane So that air contact and movement can be implemented more freely.

8, the resistance pattern 224 is formed as a protruding structure inclined so as to have an inclination angle &thetas; in the direction in which air enters, so as to maximize the friction with air, So that the contact efficiency can be further increased. It is more preferable that the angle of inclination (θ) is an acute angle between a horizontal extension line of the resist pattern surface and an extension line of the surface of the base material, because the effect of resistance is reduced when the angle is a right angle or an obtuse angle. In addition, the arrangement of the above-described flow grooves 224 may be disposed at the connection portion between the resistance pattern and the base material, thereby increasing the resistance of the fluid such as air and improving the movement to the opposite surface. Specifically, a flow groove 224 is formed in the front surface of the resist pattern 223 to allow a part of the air that comes in contact with the resistance pattern 223 to pass through the front and back surfaces of the substrate, So that the area can be further increased. 8 shows a structure in which the flow path pattern has a constant pitch and has a constant period. Alternatively, the pitch of the unit pattern may be uneven, and the period of the pattern may be unevenly implemented. Further, It goes without saying that the height (T 1) of each unit pattern can also be varied nonuniformly.

In the heat transfer device according to the embodiment of the present invention, one heat conversion member included in the conversion module (the first module and the second module) is included. However, in another embodiment, a plurality of heat conversion members And can be implemented as a stacked structure. In this way, the surface area of contact with the air or the like can be further maximized. This structure is realized by a structure capable of realizing many contact surfaces in a narrow area on the specific property of the heat conversion member of the present invention formed by a folding structure, A larger number of heat conversion members can be disposed. Of course, in this case, a supporting substrate such as a second intermediate member may be further disposed between the heat converting members stacked. Further, in another embodiment of the present invention, it is also possible to implement a structure including two or more conversion modules.

In the embodiment of the present invention, it is also possible to form the pitches of the heat exchanging members arranged in the portions other than the pitch of the blowing region X heat exchanging members and the blowing regions described in Fig. 3 different from each other. In this case, in particular, in the case of the air blowing area X, the pitch of the flow path pattern of the heat exchange member in the blowing area can be formed to be equal to or larger than the pitch of the flow path pattern of the inner heat exchange member disposed at the location other than the blowing area. In this case, it is preferable that the pitch ratio of the flow path pattern of the heat conversion member disposed in the airflow region X and the heat transfer member disposed outside the airflow region is within a range (0.5 to 2.0): 1 . The cooling efficiency can be maximized in the above range. If the temperature is out of the above range, the air circulation is inhibited or the heat transfer in the heat generating region where the cooling region X is not formed is increased, and the cooling function may be deteriorated.

In addition, the structure of the heat conversion member according to the embodiment of the present invention for forming the flow path pattern can realize a much larger contact area within the same volume than the thermal conversion member having the flat plate structure or the existing heat dissipation fin structure, It is possible to increase the air contact area by 50% or more with respect to the switching member, thereby greatly reducing the size of the module. In addition, various members such as a metal material or a synthetic resin having high heat transfer efficiency such as aluminum can be applied to such a heat conversion member.

FIG. 9 illustrates the implementation of the first through fourth modules in a structure different from the structure of the thermal conversion member described in FIG.

That is, in the structure shown in FIG. 9, the thermal conversion member can be designed by modifying the structure to have the same structure as the fin structure 330, not the structure having the curvature. Of course, such a structure can realize all the thermal conversion members included in the first module to the fourth module described above in a pin structure. Further, although not shown, it is needless to say that the thermal conversion member applied to the entire embodiment of the present invention may be implemented by a combination of a pin structure type and a type in which the flow path pattern of FIG. 7 is implemented. The ratio of the fin pitch of the fin structure of the heat conversion member disposed in the blowing area X to the fin structure of the heat conversion member disposed outside the blowing area is 0.5 to 2.0 ): 1, and in this case, the pin length of the pin structure can be realized in the range of 3 mm to 100 mm. The cooling efficiency can be maximized in the above range. If the temperature is outside the above range, the air circulation can be inhibited, or the thermoelectric efficiency can be lowered and the function of cooling or heat generation can be rather deteriorated.

Hereinafter, the structure of the thermoelectric module 100 applied to the thermal conversion device according to the embodiment of the present invention described above with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4 will be described in more detail with reference to FIGS. 10 and 11. FIG. Hereinafter, the first thermoelectric module 100 and the second thermoelectric module 400 have the same structure, and the description will be made with reference to the structure of the first thermoelectric module 100.

A thermoelectric module including a thermoelectric device according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a first substrate 140 and a second substrate 150 opposed to each other and a first substrate 140 and a second substrate 150 between the first substrate 140 and the second substrate 150, And a second semiconductor device 130 electrically connected to the semiconductor device 120. The second semiconductor device 130 may include a first semiconductor device 130 and a second semiconductor device 130 electrically connected to the semiconductor device 120. [ An insulating substrate such as an alumina substrate may be used for the first substrate 140 and the second substrate 150. In another embodiment, a metal substrate may be used to achieve endothermic efficiency and heat generation efficiency and thinness. have. When the first substrate 140 and the second substrate 150 are formed of a metal substrate, the electrode layers 160a and 160b formed on the first and second substrates 140 and 150, as shown in FIG. 8, The dielectric layer 170a and the dielectric layer 170b are formed between the dielectric layer 170a and the dielectric layer 170b. In the structure described above with reference to FIG. 1, the third module 210A and the fourth module 310B of the first module 200 and the second module 300, and the first and second substrates 300 and 310 are integrated with each other Materials such as alumina, Cu, and Cu alloys can be used.

In the case of a metal substrate, Cu or a Cu alloy can be used, and a thin thickness can be formed in a range of 0.1 mm to 0.5 mm. When the thickness of the metal substrate is 0.1 mm or less, or when the thickness exceeds 0.5 mm, the heat radiation characteristic is excessively high or the thermal conductivity is too high, thereby greatly reducing the reliability of the thermoelectric module. In the case of the dielectric layers 170a and 170b, a material having thermal conductivity of 5 to 10 W / K is used as a dielectric material having high heat dissipation performance, considering the thermal conductivity of the thermoelectric module for cooling, and the thickness is 0.01 mm to 0.15 mm. < / RTI > In this case, the insulation efficiency (or withstand voltage characteristics) is significantly lowered when the thickness is less than 0.01 mm, and when the thickness exceeds 0.15 mm, the thermal conductivity is lowered and the heat radiation efficiency is lowered. The electrode layers 160a and 160b electrically connect the first semiconductor element and the second semiconductor element by using an electrode material such as Cu, Ag, or Ni, and when a plurality of unit cells shown in FIG. 11 are connected, Thereby forming an electrical connection with adjacent unit cells.

The thickness of the electrode layer may be in the range of 0.01 mm to 0.3 mm. When the thickness of the electrode layer is less than 0.01 mm, the function as an electrode is deteriorated and the electrical conductivity becomes poor. When the thickness of the electrode layer is more than 0.3 mm, the conduction efficiency is lowered due to an increase in resistance.

In this case, a thermoelectric element including a unit element of a layered structure according to an embodiment of the present invention can be applied to the thermoelectric element constituting the unit cell. In this case, The first semiconductor and the second semiconductor may be connected to the metal electrodes 160a and 160b. A plurality of such structures may be formed, and electrodes may be formed on the semiconductor elements. The Peltier effect is realized by the circuit lines 181 and 182 supplied with the intermediate current. In the embodiment of the present invention, by changing the current flow in the opposite direction by using the control unit, it is possible to realize the action of warm air and cool air without changing the structure and arrangement position of the thermoelectric module.

The semiconductor device in the thermoelectric module may be a P-type semiconductor or an N-type semiconductor material. The p-type semiconductor or the n-type semiconductor material is characterized in that the n-type semiconductor element is at least one selected from the group consisting of Se, Ni, Al, Cu, Ag, Pb, (BiTe-based) including gallium (Ga), tellurium (Te), bismuth (Bi), and indium (In), and a bismuth telluride system (BiTe system) containing 0.001 to 1.0 wt% May be formed using a mixture of Bi or Te. For example, the main raw material may be a Bi-Se-Te material, and Bi or Te may be added to the Bi-Se-Te by adding a weight corresponding to 0.001 to 1.0 wt% of the total weight of Bi-Se-Te. That is, when 100 g of Bi-Se-Te is added, it is preferable to add Bi or Te to be added in the range of 0.001 g to 1.0 g. As described above, since the weight range of the substance added to the above-described raw material is not in the range of 0.001 wt% to 0.1 wt%, the thermal conductivity is not lowered and the electric conductivity is lowered, so that the improvement of the ZT value can not be expected. I have.

The P-type semiconductor material may be at least one selected from the group consisting of antimony (Sb), nickel (Ni), aluminum (Al), copper (Cu), silver (Ag), lead (Pb), boron (B), gallium (BiTe-based) including Bi, Te, Bi, and In, and a mixture of Bi or Te corresponding to 0.001 to 1.0 wt% of the total weight of the main raw material It is preferable to form it by using. For example, the main raw material may be a Bi-Sb-Te material, and Bi or Te may be added to the Bi-Sb-Te by adding a weight corresponding to 0.001 to 1.0 wt% of the total weight of the Bi-Sb-Te. That is, when 100 g of Bi-Sb-Te is added, Bi or Te to be added may be added in the range of 0.001 g to 1 g. The weight range of the substance added to the above-described main raw material is not inferior to the range of 0.001 wt% to 0.1 wt%, and the electrical conductivity is lowered, so that improvement of the ZT value can not be expected.

In this case, the electric conductivity of the P-type semiconductor device and the electrical conductivity of the N-type semiconductor device are different from each other, It is possible to improve the cooling performance by forming one of the volumes to be different from the volume of the other semiconductor elements facing each other.

That is, the different sizes of the semiconductor elements of the unit cells arranged opposite to each other can be achieved by forming the entire shape differently, or by forming the diameter of either one of the semiconductor elements having the same height wider, It is possible to realize a method of making the height or cross-section diameter of the semiconductor device different. In particular, the diameter of the N-type semiconductor device is formed larger than that of the P-type semiconductor device so that the volume can be increased to improve the thermoelectric efficiency.

Fig. 12 shows a modified embodiment in which the shape of the thermoelectric element described in Fig. 10 is changed.

10 and 12, a thermoelectric transducer 120 according to another modified embodiment of the present invention includes a first element portion 122 having a first cross-sectional area, a second element portion 122 having a position opposite to the first element portion 122 A second element portion 126 having a second cross sectional area and a connecting portion 124 having a third cross sectional area connecting the first element portion 122 and the second element portion 126 . In this case, the cross-sectional area of the connecting portion 124 in an arbitrary region in the horizontal direction may be smaller than the first cross-sectional area and the second cross-sectional area.

In the case of applying the same material and the same amount of material as the thermoelectric element having a single cross-sectional area such as a cubic structure, it is possible to widen the area of the first element portion and the second element portion, The advantage of being able to increase the temperature difference DELTA T between the first element portion and the second element portion can be realized. When the temperature difference is increased, the amount of free electrons moving between the hot side and the cold side increases, so that the electricity generation amount increases, and in the case of heat generation or cooling, the efficiency increases.

Accordingly, the thermoelectric element 120 according to the present embodiment realizes a wide horizontal cross-sectional area of the first element portion and the second element portion, which are realized in a planar structure or other three-dimensional structure on the upper portion and the lower portion of the connection portion 124, So that the cross-sectional area of the connecting portion can be narrowed. Particularly, in the embodiment of the present invention, the width (B) of the section having the longest width among the horizontal sections of the connecting section and the width (A or or) of the larger section of the horizontal section area of the first element section and the second element section, C) is in the range of 1: (1.5 to 4). If the temperature is outside the range, the heat conduction is conducted from the heat generation side to the cooling side, and the power generation efficiency is lowered, or the heat generation and cooling efficiency are lowered.

In another aspect of this embodiment of the structure, in the thermoelectric element 120, the thickness a1 and a3 in the longitudinal direction of the first element portion and the second element are smaller than the longitudinal thickness s2 of the connecting portion .

Further, in the present embodiment, the first cross-sectional area in the horizontal direction of the first element view 122 and the second cross-sectional area in the horizontal direction of the second element portion 126 may be different from each other. This is to control the thermoelectric efficiency to easily control the desired temperature difference. Furthermore, the first element unit, the second element unit, and the connection unit may be formed integrally with each other. In this case, each of the components may be formed of the same material.

FIG. 13 shows an example in which the structure of the thermoelectric device according to the embodiment of the present invention described above with reference to FIGS. 10 and 12 is implemented by different methods and configurations.

Referring to FIG. 13, in another embodiment of the present invention, the structure of the semiconductor device described above may be realized as a structure of a laminate structure rather than a bulk structure, thereby further improving the thinning and cooling efficiency. Specifically, the structures of the first semiconductor element 120 and the second semiconductor element 130 in FIGS. 10 and 12 are formed as a unit member in which a plurality of structures coated with a semiconductor material are stacked on a sheet- It is possible to cut the material to prevent loss of the material and to improve the electric conduction characteristic.

Referring to FIG. 13, FIG. 13 is a conceptual diagram of a process for manufacturing the unit member of the above-described laminated structure. 13, a paste containing a semiconductor material is formed into a paste, a paste is applied on a substrate 111 such as a sheet or a film to form a semiconductor layer 112 to form a single unit member 110 . As shown in FIG. 13, the unit member 110 forms a laminated structure by stacking a plurality of unit members 100a, 100b, and 100c, and then cuts the laminated structure to form a unit thermoelectric element 120. FIG. That is, the unit thermoelectric element 120 according to the present invention may be formed of a structure in which a plurality of unit members 110 in which a semiconductor layer 112 is laminated on a substrate 111 are stacked.

The process of applying the semiconductor paste on the substrate 111 in the above-described process can be realized by various methods. For example, tape casting, that is, a very fine semiconductor material powder can be applied to a water- a slurry is prepared by mixing any one selected from a solvent, a binder, a plasticizer, a dispersant, a defoamer and a surfactant to prepare a slurry, And then molding it according to the desired thickness with a predetermined thickness. In this case, materials such as films and sheets having a thickness in the range of 10 to 100 μm can be used as the base material, and the P-type material and the N-type material for recycling the above-mentioned bulk type device can be applied as they are Of course.

In the step of laminating the unit members 110 in a multilayer structure, the laminate structure may be formed by pressing at a temperature of 50 ° C to 250 ° C. In the embodiment of the present invention, To 50 < / RTI > Thereafter, a cutting process can be performed in a desired shape and size, and a sintering process can be added.

The unit thermoelectric elements in which a plurality of unit members 110 manufactured in accordance with the above-described processes are stacked can secure the uniformity of thickness and shape size. That is, the conventional bulk-shaped thermoelectric element cuts the sintered bulk structure after the ingot grinding and fine-finishing ball-mill processes, so that a large amount of material is lost in the cutting process, However, in the unit thermoelectric element of the laminated structure according to the embodiment of the present invention, after the multilayer structure of sheet-like unit members is laminated, the sheet laminate It is possible to achieve uniformity of the bar material having a uniform thickness of the material and thickness of the whole unit thermoelectric device to be as thin as 1.5 mm or less, . The finally implemented structure can be cut into the shape of FIG. 10 (d) like the structure of FIG. 9 or the structure of the thermoelectric device according to the embodiment of the present invention described above with reference to FIG. Such a structure can be applied to a structure in which the first thermoelectric module or the second thermoelectric module of the thermal conversion device described above with reference to FIG. 1 is independent or mutually combined.

Particularly, in the step of manufacturing a unit thermoelectric element according to the embodiment of the present invention, a step of forming a conductive layer on the surface of each unit member 110 in the step of forming a laminated structure of the unit member 110 is further implemented .

That is, a conductive layer similar to the structure of Fig. 14 can be formed between the unit members of the laminated structure of Fig. 13 (c). The conductive layer may be formed on the opposite side of the substrate surface on which the semiconductor layer is formed. In this case, the conductive layer may be formed as a patterned layer such that a region where the surface of the unit member is exposed is formed. As a result, the electrical conductivity can be increased, the bonding force between the unit members can be improved, and the advantage of lowering the thermal conductivity can be realized.

14 shows various modifications of the conductive layer C according to the embodiment of the present invention. The patterns in which the surface of the unit member is exposed include the patterns shown in Figs. 12 (a) and 12 (b) the, as shown in, the closed opening pattern (c _1, c _2), as shown in (c), (d) of the mesh-type structure, or 14, including, open the aperture pattern (c _3, c ₄₎ And a line type including a line type. The conductive layer is advantageous in that not only the adhesion between the unit members in the unit thermoelectric elements formed by the laminated structure of the unit members but also the thermal conductivity between the unit members is lowered and the electrical conductivity is improved, The cooling capacity (Qc) and? T (占 폚) of the bulk-type thermoelectric element are improved, and particularly the power factor is 1.5 times, that is, the electric conductivity is increased 1.5 times. The increase of the electric conductivity is directly related to the improvement of the thermoelectric efficiency, so that the cooling efficiency is improved. The conductive layer may be formed of a metal material, and metal materials of Cu, Ag, Ni, or the like may be used.

In the case where the unit thermoelectric element of the laminated structure described above is applied to the thermoelectric module shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, that is, between the first substrate 140 and the second substrate 150, When a thermoelectric module is implemented as a unit cell having a structure including an electrode layer and a dielectric layer, the total thickness Th can be formed within a range of 1. mm to 1.5 mm, It is possible to achieve remarkable thinning compared to the use.

15, the thermoelectric elements 120 and 130 described in FIG. 10 may be arranged horizontally in the upward direction X and the downward direction Y, Thereby realizing a thermoelectric device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

That is, the thermoelectric module can be formed by arranging the first substrate and the second substrate such that the surfaces of the semiconductor layer and the substrate are adjacent to each other. However, as shown in FIG. 15 (b) , And the side portions of the unit thermoelectric elements are arranged adjacent to the first and second substrates. In such a structure, the end portion of the conductive layer is exposed to the side surface rather than the horizontal arrangement structure, thereby lowering the heat conduction efficiency in the vertical direction and improving the electric conduction characteristic, thereby further improving the cooling efficiency. Further, the shape of FIG. 12 may be cut and applied as shown in FIG. 15 (c).

As described above, in the thermoelectric device applied to the thermoelectric module of the present invention, which can be implemented in various embodiments, the shapes and sizes of the first semiconductor element and the second semiconductor element facing each other are the same, Considering the fact that the electrical conductivity of the semiconductor element and the electrical conductivity of the N-type semiconductor element are different from each other and serve as an element that hinders the cooling efficiency, the volume of one of them is formed differently from the volume of other semiconductor elements opposed to each other So that the cooling performance can be improved.

In other words, the formation of the semiconductor elements arranged in mutually opposing directions in different volumes can be achieved by forming the entire shape differently, or by forming the diameter of one of the semiconductor elements having the same height wider, It is possible to implement the method of making the height or the cross-section diameter different. In particular, the diameter of the N-type semiconductor device may be larger than that of the P-type semiconductor device so that the volume of the N-type semiconductor device may be increased to improve the thermoelectric efficiency.

As described above, the thermoelectric elements having various structures according to one embodiment of the present invention and the thermoelectric module including the thermoelectric modules can be freely adjusted in cold wind and hot air by applying the thermoelectric module to a blower for a vehicle as described above, Thereby maximizing convenience. In particular, when the system is linked to an air conditioning system of an electric car, it is possible to eliminate the problem of reduction in travel distance due to reduction in battery consumption of the electric vehicle, and the operation of adjusting the direction and temperature of the current can be very easily implemented. .

In the foregoing detailed description of the present invention, specific examples have been described. However, various modifications are possible within the scope of the present invention. The technical spirit of the present invention should not be limited to the above-described embodiments of the present invention, but should be determined by the claims and equivalents thereof.

10: power supply unit 20: control unit
30: air circulation unit
110: unit member 111: substrate
112: semiconductor layer 120: thermoelectric element
122: first element section 124: connection section
126: second element part 130: thermoelectric element
132: first element section 134: connection section
136: second element part 140: first substrate
150: second substrate 160a, 160b: electrode layer
170a and 170b: dielectric layers 181 and 182: circuit lines
200, 300, 500, 600: conversion module (first module to fourth module)

Claims (11)

A power applying unit;
A first thermoelectric module including a thermoelectric element between mutually opposing first and second substrates, the first and second thermal conversion members being disposed on the first and second substrates;
And a second thermoelectric module including a thermoelectric element between the third substrate and the fourth substrate facing each other and the third and fourth thermal conversion members being disposed on the third substrate and the fourth substrate,
And a blowing region (X) in which at least two of the heat conversion members of the first thermoelectric module and the second thermoelectric module are in contact with each other,
A control unit for controlling the direction of current application from the power applying unit to the first thermoelectric module and the second thermoelectric module to apply the hot wind and the cold wind action to the blowing area X;
And the air blowing device.
The method according to claim 1,
The air blowing area (X)
Wherein at least two modules among the first module to the fourth module each including the first column switching member to the fourth column switching member are disposed adjacent to each other.
The method of claim 2,
The at least two modules disposed between the first thermoelectric module and the second thermoelectric module,
And is arranged to perform the same function among the exothermic action or the cooling action.
The method of claim 3,
The vehicular air blowing apparatus includes:
And an air circulation module for introducing air into the first thermoelectric module and the second thermoelectric module.
The method of claim 4,
Wherein the first column switching member (4)
Wherein a plurality of pin structures are provided on a substrate.
The method of claim 5,
The ratio of the fin pitch of the fin structure of the heat conversion member disposed in the airflow region X and the fin structure of the heat conversion member disposed outside the airflow region,
(0.5 to 2.0): 1.
The method of claim 6,
Wherein the fin of the pin structure has a length ranging from 3 mm to 100 mm.
The method of claim 4,
Wherein at least one of the first column switching member and the fourth column switching member comprises:
A heat radiating substrate having a first plane in surface contact with air and a second plane opposite to the first plane,
Wherein the radiator member has at least one flow path pattern that forms an air flow path in the substrate in the air flow direction.
The method of claim 8,
The above-
Wherein a curvature pattern having a constant pitch in the longitudinal direction of the base material is implemented.
The method of claim 9,
The above-
Wherein a pitch ratio of a flow path pattern of the heat conversion member disposed in the airflow region (X) and a heat transfer member disposed outside the airflow region satisfies (0.5 to 2.0): 1.
A vehicle air blowing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 10,
Wherein the air blowing area (X) of the vehicle air blowing device is implemented as a heat generating area and the blowing area is arranged to supply warm air to the rear seat inside the vehicle.

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