KR20150118055A - Manufacturing method of natural anhydrous gypsum fertilizer - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for producing a natural anhydrous gypsum fertilizer and, more specifically, to a method for producing a calcareous fertilizer by mixing natural anhydrous gypsum and a fertilizer. The method according to the present invention comprises: a first step of producing natural anhydrous gypsum into fine powder of 50 μm; a second step of mixing 4 parts by weight of an animal liquefied fertilizer with respect to 1 parts by weight of the natural anhydrous gypsum; and a third step of dipping and aging a mixture of the natural anhydrous gypsum and animal liquefied fertilizer mixed through the second step, wherein the animal liquefied fertilizer is produced by fermenting livestock excrement, and in the third step, the mixture of the natural anhydrous gypsum and animal liquefied fertilizer is aged for 84 hours at an indoor humidity of 60% and an indoor temperature of 15°C. The fertilizer produced through the third step is molded into a pill or pellet shape of 5 mm to be sprayed onto a paddy or a filed. According to the method of the present invention, natural anhydrous gypsum which does not contain heavy metals is mixed with a fertilizer, and a calcareous fertilizer which can be used for various soils and agricultural products is produced through a simple process, so the number of topdressing of the fertilizer and an elution speed of the fertilizer can be reduced. Moreover, pH of soil is adjusted to help easy growth of agricultural products, and resistance against harmful insects can be improved.

Description

Technical Field [0001] The present invention relates to a natural anhydrous gypsum fertilizer,

The present invention relates to a method for producing natural anhydrous gypsum fertilizer, and more particularly to a method for producing calcareous natural anhydrous gypsum fertilizer by mixing natural anhydrite and fertilizer.

The crops require a large amount of calcium at the root of the root, but calcium is not known to migrate well in the plant. Soil with low calcium content often does not grow enough roots to absorb the necessary nutrients from surrounding soil.

Gypsum is mainly used as calcium sulfate fertilizer (CaSO ₄ ), mainly calcium (lime) and sulfur. In general, gypsum is produced through a phosphoric acid manufacturing plant, a thermal power plant, and various other processes, and an enormous amount of gypsum produced each year can not be consumed for conventional use, so it is used in buildings, cement, road construction and the like. Among them, the method of using the gypsum in agriculture is highly likely to be used in the point that the productivity of the crop in the soil which is acidic and easy to disperse can be greatly increased, but the use thereof is limited because it contains various heavy metals.

Regarding the related art, a nitrogen fertilizer containing gypsum and urea has been disclosed in Korean Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 2003-0062520. However, it is considered that the treatment process is rather complicated and is composed of chemical components containing heavy metals And it can be used only for limited crops such as lawn and fruit trees, and is limited to be used only by mixing with urea fertilizer.

Korean Patent Publication No. 2003-0062520 (Jul. 28, 2003)

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, the present invention has been made in order to solve the problems of the prior art as described above, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a method for producing a natural gypsum- The purpose is to increase the efficiency and reduce the dissolution rate of fertilizer.

It is also aimed to control the pH of the soil so as to facilitate the growth of crops and to increase the resistance of pests.

The problems to be solved by the present invention are not limited to the above-mentioned problems, and other problems to be solved by the present invention, which are not mentioned here, As will be appreciated by those skilled in the art.

A method for producing a natural anhydrous gypsum fertilizer according to the present invention comprises a first step of producing a natural anhydrous gypsum as fine powder of 50 mu m, a second step of mixing 4 weight parts of an animal liquid ratio with 1 part of the natural anhydrous gypsum, And a third step of immersing and aging the mixture of the natural anhydrous gypsum and the animal manure mixed through the two steps, wherein the animal manure is prepared by fermenting the animal manure, and in the third step, the indoor humidity is 60% The mixture of the natural anhydrous gypsum and the animal manure was aged for 84 hours at an indoor temperature of 15 DEG C and the fertilizer produced through the third step was sprayed in a rice field or a field after being formulated as a 5 mm ring or pellet .

The method for producing natural anhydrous gypsum fertilizer according to the present invention is a method for producing a natural anhydrous gypsum fertilizer by mixing a natural anhydrous gypsum containing no heavy metals with a fertilizer to produce a calcareous fertilizer which can be used for various soil and crops through a simple process, The dissolution rate of the solution can be reduced.

In addition, the pH of the soil can be adjusted so as to facilitate the growth of crops, and the resistance of pests can be increased.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a process diagram showing a method for producing a natural anhydrous gypsum fertilizer according to the present invention. FIG.
Fig. 2 shows the dissolution rate of the fertilizer with respect to time.
FIG. 3 is a graph comparing lengths of plant lengths under various conditions when the fertilizer amount is adjusted to be 90 kg / 10a.
FIG. 4 is a graph comparing lengths of plant lengths under various conditions when the fertilizer amount is adjusted to be 120 kg / 10a.
Fig. 5 is a graph comparing changes in the number of tillers according to each condition when the fertilizer amount was adjusted to be 90 kg / 10a.
FIG. 6 is a graph comparing changes in the number of tillers according to each condition when the fertilizer amount was adjusted to be 120 kg / 10a.
7 is a graph comparing changes in leaf color intensity according to each condition when the fertilizer amount is adjusted to be 90 kg / 10a.
8 is a graph comparing changes in leaf color intensity according to each condition when the fertilizer amount is adjusted to be 120 kg / 10a.
FIG. 9 is a graph comparing changes in rice yield according to each condition when the fertilizer amount was adjusted to be 90 kg / 10a.
FIG. 10 is a graph comparing changes in rice yield according to each condition when the fertilizer amount was adjusted to be 120 kg / 10a.
11 is a graph showing the incidence of paperback disease according to the type of fertilizer to be fertilized.

The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will be more apparent from the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which: FIG. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The advantages and features of the present invention and the manner of achieving them will become apparent with reference to the embodiments described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Hereinafter, a method for producing the above-described natural anhydrous gypsum fertilizer will be described with reference to the drawings and examples.

≪ Production method of natural anhydrous gypsum fertilizer >

1 is a flowchart showing a method for producing a natural anhydrous gypsum fertilizer according to the present invention.

First, in the first step (S1), natural anhydrous gypsum is pulverized to prepare a fine powder. Specifically, the particle size of the natural anhydrous gypsum powder is pulverized to 30 micrometers to 60 micrometers.

This is because when the particle size of the natural anhydrous gypsum powder is less than 30 micrometers, the powder may be excessively dusted and the material may be lost. If the particle size is more than 60 micrometers, the natural anhydrous gypsum powder is not dispersed evenly when mixed with the fertilizer.

The components of the natural anhydrous gypsum are shown in Table 1 below. In general, phosphorus phosphate gypsum, which is a calcareous fertilizer set in the standard of fertilizer, is to be used only in reclaimed land, field, or orchard. This is due to the various types of heavy metals contained in the phosphate gypsum.

sample Availability
CaO (%) Availability
MgO (%) Availability
SiO ₂ (%) Cr (%) Ni (%) Ti (%) Natural anhydrous gypsum 33.6 0.017 0.027 0 0 0 Standards of phosphoric acid gypsum 23 or more - - 0.1 or less 0.01 or less 0.04 or less

Natural anhydrous gypsum and phosphate gypsum are similar in mineral composition to CaSO ₄ but in the case of natural anhydrous gypsum, CaO and SO ₃ ^-2 components of limestone are produced by the reaction of lime and sulphate existing in natural crust. It is the quality of pure gypsum which is produced by rising in the sea after reaction and is not contained in heavy metal at all as shown in Table 1 above. However, phosphorus gypsum is produced by the method of producing phosphoric acid, which is produced by the method of producing phosphoric acid by reacting sulfuric acid in phosphorus with phosphoric acid, which is produced for the purpose of chemical fertilizer. Busan gypsum containing trace amounts of arsenic, lead and cadmium is used as raw material I am using it.

Therefore, Busan Phosphate Gypsum can only be used for limited use in soils and crops, but natural anhydrite gypsum can be applied to a wide variety of soils such as rice fields, fields, fruit trees and reclaimed land.

Next, in the second step (S2), the natural anhydrous gypsum ground into fine powder is mixed with fertilizer.

Specifically, the natural anhydrous gypsum ground with the fine powder is mixed with the fertilizer at a certain ratio. The fertilizer to be mixed with the natural anhydrous gypsum may be at least one of liquid fertilizer and animal juice made by fermenting livestock manure.

The livestock manure can be used in the form of an animal manure through fermentation, which can be an effective means of utilizing livestock waste.

When the natural anhydrous gypsum and the liquid fertilizer are mixed, the mixing amount of the natural anhydrous gypsum and the above-mentioned fertilizer is such that 0.2 to 0.5 parts by weight of the liquid fertilizer is added to 1 part by weight of the natural anhydrous gypsum.

When the natural anhydrous gypsum and the animal manure produced by fermenting the animal manure are mixed, the animal manure produced by fermenting the animal manure is mixed with 2 to 6 parts by weight per 1 part by weight of the natural anhydrous gypsum.

This is for mixing the amount of nitrogen contained in the fertilizer with 0.02 to 0.05 part by weight per 1 part by weight of the natural anhydrous gypsum.

The amount of nitrogen contained in the liquid fertilizer is generally about 9%, and the amount of nitrogen contained in the animal manure produced by fermenting the animal manure is about 0.2 to 0.3%.

If the amount of nitrogen contained in the fertilizer is less than 0.02 parts by weight based on 1 part by weight of the natural anhydrous gypsum, nutrients required for synthesis of protein, nucleic acid and the like become insufficient, If the amount of nitrogen contained is more than 0.05 part by weight, abnormal growth may occur due to abnormal growth, which may cause environmental problems such as soil acidification or water pollution. Therefore, it is preferable to mix them at the mixing ratio.

Next, in the third step (S3), the natural anhydrous gypsum and the fertilizer are mixed and then immersed. This is to reduce the rate of dissolution of the fertilizer and to adjust the amount of nitrogen required for crop growth.

Specifically, the natural anhydrous gypsum and the fertilizer are mixed and dipped for 72 to 96 hours. The immersion is performed by mixing the natural anhydrous gypsum in powder form with the above-mentioned fertilizer and aging for a long period of time. When immersing for 72 hours or more for a long time, a large amount of water is evaporated, The fertilizer is infiltrated and formed into a fertilizer in the form of clay. As a result, the concentration of nitrogen is increased, and it is formed into a slow-acting fertilizer in which the constituents of the fertilizer are gradually eluted, when the formulation is formulated in the form of the following rings or pellets.

Immersion time (days) pH Nitrogen content (%) One 9.29 0.12 2 9.43 0.18 3 9.50 0.19 4 9.55 0.22 5 9.65 0.23

In Table 2, changes in pH and nitrogen content were measured from the first day to the fifth day after soaking the natural anhydrous gypsum at a liquid concentration of 0.2% in order to measure changes in pH and nitrogen amount according to immersion time.

When the immersion time was less than 40 hours, the mixing was not made uniform. When the concentration of nitrogen in the mixture was insufficient and the immersion time exceeded 100 hours, the mixing was completed and the concentration of nitrogen required for the fertilizer was secured As the amount of nitrogen increases over time, the efficiency of the operation is lowered.

Further, at the time of immersion, the substrate is immersed in a room maintained at a humidity of 40 to 80% and a temperature condition of 0 to 25 ° C.

When the humidity of the room is less than 40%, there is a disadvantage in that the viscosity of the water is reduced and the viscosity of the composition is not good. When the moisture content is more than 80%, the moisture content is too high. Also, when the room temperature is lower than 0 ° C, the immersion water is frozen and it is difficult to use. When the temperature exceeds 25 ° C, it is difficult to maintain the room humidity and the nitrogen may be volatilized together with moisture.

2 is a graph comparing the elution amounts of the fertilizer with time after the application of the fertilizer. It can be observed that the amount of elution of fertilizer changes drastically when the liquid fertilizer is sprayed, but when the natural anhydrous gypsum and the liquid fertilizer are mixed, the elution amount of the fertilizer gently increases and then decreases slowly.

If the fertilizer is matured on the natural anhydrous gypsum powder through the third step (S3), it becomes a slow-releasing property in which the quick-acting fertilizer slowly dissolves after spraying the fertilizer, thereby becoming an effective fertilizer for growing the crop.

The natural anhydrous gypsum fertilizer produced through the third step S3 may be used in the form of pellets or pellets in order to further reduce the dissolution rate of the fertilizer. Specifically, it is preferable to produce a ring having an average size of 2 to 6 millimeters.

If the size of the circle is less than 2 millimeters, it is not easy to reduce the dissolution rate of the fertilizer. If the size of the circle exceeds 6 millimeters, spraying of the fertilizer is not easy.

In addition, a chemical fertilizer may be further added to the mixture of the natural anhydrous gypsum and the fertilizer in consideration of cost and efficiency.

In the present invention, as shown below, the effects of using the fertilizer produced by the method of producing the natural anhydrous gypsum fertilizer of the present invention and the conventional chemical fertilizer or liquid fertilizer alone will be described in detail.

The control used in the experiment was a natural aquatic gypsum of 300 kg / 10a generally used, which was fertilized in rice paddy, and was shown in Comparative Example 1 below, and Comparative Example 2 and Comparative Example 3 were obtained by mixing chemical fertilizer and natural anhydrous gypsum . Experiments of the natural anhydrous gypsum fertilizer according to the present invention are shown in Examples 1 and 2.

[Example 1]

In Example 1, 300 kg / 10a of the natural anhydrous gypsum and 90 kg / 10a of the liquid fertilizer according to the present invention were mixed and used in paddy fields.

[Example 2]

In Example 2, 300 kg / 10a of natural anhydrous gypsum and 120 kg / 10a of liquid fertilizer according to the present invention were mixed and used in paddy fields.

[Comparative Example 1]

In Comparative Example 1, 300kg / 10a of a generally used natural anhydrous anhydrous gypsum was applied to rice paddies.

[Comparative Example 2]

In Comparative Example 2, 300 kg / 10a of natural anhydrous gypsum and 90 kg / 10a of custom chemical fertilizer according to the present invention were mixed and used in paddy fields.

[Comparative Example 3]

In Comparative Example 3, 300 kg / 10a of natural anhydrite and 120 kg / 10a of custom chemical fertilizer according to the present invention were mixed and used in paddy.

In order to examine the effect of the method of manufacturing the natural anhydrous gypsum fertilizer of the present invention in the above Examples and Comparative Examples, the following experiment was conducted and the results are shown in FIG. 2 to FIG.

A. Length of plant length

In the present invention, the lengths of the growth stages of the growth characteristics of rice were compared using the above Examples and Comparative Examples.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the comparison of the lengths of plants according to Comparative Example 1, Comparative Example 2, and Example 1. FIG.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram comparing lengths of plants according to Comparative Example 1, Comparative Example 3 and Example 2. Fig.

As for the length of the plant height, there was not much difference in length change between the comparative examples and the examples, but compared with the comparative example, the result of fertilizing with natural anhydrous gypsum and fertilizer showed a somewhat higher result. However, this is not recognized as a result of differences in plant length.

The reason for comparing the length of the plant length is that the longer the length of the plant length, the weaker the rice resistance of the rice.

N. Number of tears

In the present invention, the changes in the number of tillers in the growth characteristics of rice were compared using the above Examples and Comparative Examples.

Fig. 5 is a graph comparing the number of tillering of rice according to Comparative Example 1, Comparative Example 2, and Example 1. Fig.

Fig. 6 is a graph comparing the number of tillering of rice with Comparative Example 1, Comparative Example 3 and Example 2. Fig.

As a result of comparison, in the case of the natural anhydrous gypsum fertilizer according to the present invention over time after fertilizer application, the number of tillers in the case of the comparative example 1 tended to increase, and in comparison with that of the example 1, Increase in the number. It can be predicted that the higher the amount of nitrogen in the fertilizer, the more the number of spikes can be increased.

The increase in the number of tillers can be a factor for increasing the rice yield, but it is also possible to estimate the possibility that the rice paddies will become more frequent due to poor breathability due to overburden.

C. Leaf color

In the present invention, the changes in leaf brightness among the growth characteristics of rice were compared using the above examples and comparative examples.

FIG. 7 is a graphical representation of comparison of leaf brightness according to Comparative Example 1, Comparative Example 2, and Example 1. FIG.

FIG. 8 is a graphical representation of comparison of leaf brightness according to Comparative Example 1, Comparative Example 3, and Example 2. FIG.

Leaf color was measured at 2/3 point of the top completely developed leaves using a leaf color meter SPAD-502. If the chlorophyll content is kept low, the amount of gold in the rice is increased, which can be solved through the use of nitrogen fertilizer.

As a whole, there was no difference in the degree of leaf color between the comparative example and the example. It can be confirmed that the natural anhydrous gypsum and the liquid fertilizer are mixed and the highest leaf brightness is obtained in the case of Example 1 in which the nitrogen content of the fertilizer is 90 kg / 10a.

It can be judged that a sufficient amount of nitrogen necessary for rice farming can be secured when the natural anhydrous gypsum and fertilizer are mixed.

D. Number of rice

In the present invention, the yields of rice were compared using the above examples and comparative examples.

FIG. 9 is a graphical illustration comparing the rice yields of Comparative Example 1, Comparative Example 2 and Example 1. FIG.

Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram comparing the rice yields of Comparative Example 1, Comparative Example 3 and Example 2. Fig.

In Fig. 10, which contains a large amount of nitrogen as a whole, the rice yield was high. Comparative Example 1 of FIG. 9 shows a rice yield of about 480 kg / 10a, Comparative Example 1 of FIG. 9 shows a rice yield of about 480 kg / 10a, Example 2 shows a rice yield of about 480 kg / 3 of 520 kg / 10a, and Example 2 of about 510 kg / 10a of rice yield.

In both FIG. 9 and FIG. 10, the rice yield was higher when cultivated by the method according to the examples than the comparative example, so that the use of the natural anhydrous gypsum fertilizer is considered to be helpful for increasing rice yield.

ㅁ. The incidence of paperback

In the present invention, the incidence of rice paddy disease was compared using the above Examples and Comparative Examples.

The above-mentioned paperback disease, also called sheath blight, occurs when the air temperature is high and the number of tears is high and the ventilation is not smooth in the summer, and it is a bottle infringing on the sheath, leaf blade, and acupuncture tree and has a round gray or dark gray circular or irregular pattern. Later, it becomes a grayish white color, and it is a bottle that is dried up from the lower leaves.

As shown in FIG. 11, the release rate of the paperback disease was about 68% or more in the case of using the Comparative Example 1, and the incidence was about 60% in the case of using the Example.

 As shown in FIG. 5 and FIG. 6, it was expected that the number of tillers in the rice cultivation was increased to increase the probability of developing a paperback disease. However, since the incidence was low, the increase in rice yield and the suppression of the disease It is thought that it can come.

Therefore, it was confirmed that when mixed with natural fertilizer or liquid fertilizer, the natural anhydrite gypsum increased the growth characteristics and yield of rice, but decreased the paperback disease incidence, when the chemical fertilizer or liquid fertilizer was used alone.

As described above, it is to be understood that the technical structure of the present invention can be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit and essential characteristics of the present invention.

Therefore, it should be understood that the above-described embodiments are to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, All changes or modifications that come within the scope of the equivalent concept are to be construed as being included within the scope of the present invention.

S1: Production step of natural anhydrous gypsum powder
S2: Mixing step between natural anhydrite and fertilizer
S3: immersion step

Claims (1)

A first step of producing a natural anhydrous gypsum as fine powder of 50 탆;
A second step of mixing 4 parts by weight of the animal liquid ratio with 1 part by weight of the natural anhydrous gypsum;
And a third step of immersing and aging the mixture of the natural anhydrous gypsum and the animal manure mixed in the second step,
The animal manure is produced by fermenting an animal manure,
In the third step, the mixture of the natural anhydrous gypsum and the animal manure was aged for 84 hours at a room humidity of 60% and an indoor temperature of 15 ° C,
Wherein the fertilizer produced through the third step is sprayed in rice paddy or field after being formulated in the form of a 5 mm ring or pellet.

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