KR20140108765A - Composition for removing an ammonia and a bad smell and method for removing an ammonia and a bad smell using the same - Google Patents
Composition for removing an ammonia and a bad smell and method for removing an ammonia and a bad smell using the same Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
염생 미생물 또는 이의 배양물을 포함하는 악취 제거 또는 저감용 조성물 및 이를 이용하여 악취를 제거 또는 저감하는 방법을 제공한다. 본 발명의 악취 제거 또는 저감용 조성물에 의하면, 유기질 비료, 음식물 폐기물, 쓰레기 하치장, 쓰레기 소각장, 축사, 하수처리장, 음식물 쓰레기 처리장 등을 포함한 각종 악취 발생원에서 발생하는 악취를 효율적으로 제거할 수 있다.The present invention provides a composition for eliminating or reducing malodorous microorganisms or cultures thereof, and a method for removing or reducing malodors using the same. According to the composition for removing or reducing odor of the present invention, it is possible to efficiently remove odors generated from various odor generating sources including organic fertilizer, food waste, garbage dump, garbage incineration plant, housing, sewage disposal plant, and food waste disposal plant.
Description
악취 제거 또는 저감용 조성물 및 상기 조성물을 이용한 악취를 제거하는 방법에 관한 것이다. To a composition for eliminating or reducing a malodor and a method for removing odor using the composition.
유기질비료 퇴비화 공정 중에 발생하는 악취는 인근 주민들의 민원을 증가시키며, 악취성분인 암모니아, 휘발성지방산, 트리메틸아민 등은 인간과 가축의 건강에 영향을 미치며 저농도 만으로도 불쾌감을 준다. 악취는 냄새를 발생하는 물질성분으로 인해 자극성 있는 기체성 물질이 사람의 후각을 자극하여 불쾌감이나 혐오감을 주는 상태로 이러한 악취문제는 악취 성분자체를 분해하거나 제거하도록 해야 사라지기 때문에 악취성분을 분해하는 미생물을 선별하여 제거하는 방법이 중요하다. 악취는 발생원이 다양하고 순간적으로 사라지는 특성이 있기 때문에 매우 까다로운 부분이라고 할 수 있다. Organic fertilizer Odor generated during the composting process increases the complaints of nearby residents. Ammonia, volatile fatty acid and trimethylamine, which are odor components, affect the health of humans and livestock, and they are uncomfortable at low concentration. The odor is a state in which the irritating gaseous substance stimulates the smell of the person due to the substance which generates the smell and gives offensive or repulsive feeling. Such a smell problem disassembles or removes the odor ingredient itself, It is important to selectively remove microorganisms. Odor is a very difficult part because there are various sources and disappear instantly.
암모니아는 미생물의 분해에 의한 질소화합물이 형성된 것으로 소화가 불충분하게 되었을 때 생성되는데, 현재 공기보다 무거운 암모니아를 억제하는 방법으로 환기하는데 환기율이 떨어지고 연료비 상승으로 어려움이 생겨, 많은 효과는 나타나지 않는다. Ammonia is formed when the nitrogen compound is formed by the decomposition of microorganisms. When the digestion becomes insufficient, the ammonia which is heavier than the air is depressed. However, the ventilation rate is lowered and the fuel cost is increased.
악취를 처리하는 방법은 크게 물리적, 화학적 및 생물학적방법으로 나누어지는데 물리적 처리는 활성탄, 제올라이트, 실리카겔등의 흡착제로 흡착제거하는 방법이며 화학적인 방법은 중화법과 마스킹법으로 나누어지나 과다 약품소모로 2차 오염을 일으키며 운전비용이 많이 드는 단점이 있으며 최근 이러한 대안으로 복합적인 악취를 동시에 제거 할 수 있으며 비교적 처리비용이 적게 드는 생물학적 처리 방법에 많은 관심이 증가하고 있는 추세이다. The methods of treating odors are divided into physical, chemical and biological methods. Physical treatment is adsorption and removal with adsorbents such as activated carbon, zeolite, and silica gel. Chemical methods are divided into neutralization and masking methods. There is a disadvantage that pollution is caused and operation cost is high. Recently, as a result of this alternative method, there is a growing interest in a biological treatment method which can remove a complex odor at the same time and has a relatively low treatment cost.
따라서 본 발명자는 악취의 제거 또는 저감, 특히 유기질 비료 퇴비화 과정에서 발생하는 악취의 주요물질인 암모니아 저감을 위해, 미생물을 이용한 악취 제거 또는 저감용 조성물인 본 발명을 완성하였다.Accordingly, the present inventor has completed the present invention, which is a composition for eliminating or reducing bad odors using microorganisms, in order to reduce ammonia, which is a main component of odor generated in the process of eliminating or reducing odor, especially in the composting process of organic fertilizer.
일 양상은 악취 제거 또는 저감용 조성물을 제공하는 것이다. One aspect is to provide a composition for odor removal or abatement.
일 양상은 악취를 제거 또는 저감하는 방법을 제공하는 것이다.One aspect is to provide a method for removing or reducing odors.
일 양상은 염생 미생물 또는 이의 배양물을 포함하는 악취 제거 또는 저감용 조성물을 제공한다. One aspect provides a composition for eliminating or reducing malodor comprising a microorganism or a culture thereof.
본 명세서에 있어서 용어 악취란 암모니아, 황화수소, 메르캅탄(mercaptan), 황화메틸(dimethyl sulfide), 아민, 벤젠, 또는 톨루엔 등 악취 유발 화합물이 사람의 후각을 자극하여 불쾌감과 혐오감을 주는 것이다. 상기 악취 제거 또는 저감은 상기 악취 유발 화합물의 배출을 제거 또는 저감하거나, 상기 악취 유발 화합물을 분해하는 것을 포함할 수 있다. As used herein, the term " odor " refers to an odor-inducing compound such as ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, mercaptan, dimethyl sulfide, amine, benzene or toluene. The removal or reduction of the odor may include eliminating or reducing the discharge of the odor-inducing compound, or decomposing the odor-inducing compound.
상기 염생 미생물은 염분이 존재하는 환경에서 생장이 가능한 미생물을 의미한다. 염생 미생물은 바실러스(Bacillus), 아스페르길루스(Aspergillus) 또는 로도박터(Rhodobacter)일 수 있다. 상기 바실러스는 예를 들면, 바실러스 서브틸리스(Bacillus subtilis), 바실러스 메가테리움(Bacillus megaterium), 바실러스 세레우스(Bacillus cereus), 바실러스 라이케니포미스 (Bacillus licheniformis), 바실러스 스파에리쿠스(Bacillus sphaericus), 바실러스 클라우시(Bacillus clausii) 또는 바실러스 퍼무스(Bacillus firmus)일 수 있다. 상기 아스페르길루스는 예를 들면 아스페르길루스 오리재 (Aspergillus oryzae) 아스페르길루스 플라부스 (Aspergillus Flavus), 아스페르길루스 니게르 (Aspergillus niger), 또는 아스페르길루스 테레우스 (Aspergillus terreus)일 수 있다. 상기 로도박터는 로도박터 플라스티커스 (Rhodobacter blasticus), 로도박터 캡슐라투스 (Rhodobacter capsulatus), 또는 로도박터 스페로이데스 (Rhodobacter sphaeroides)일 수 있다. 상기 염생 미생물은 예를 들면, 바실러스 서브틸리스(Bacillus subtilis), 아스페르길루스 오리재 (Aspergillus oryzae) 및 로도박터 스페로이데스 DS-EBN-BL6(Rhodobacter sphaeroides DS - EBN - BL6)일 수 있다. The above-mentioned microorganism is a microorganism capable of growing in the presence of salt. The aseptic microorganism may be Bacillus, Aspergillus or Rhodobacter. The Bacillus may be, for example, Bacillus subtilis subtilis), Bacillus MEGATHERIUM (Bacillus megaterium , Bacillus cereus), Bacillus Lai Kenny Po Ms (Bacillus licheniformis , Bacillus sp. sphaericus , Bacillus clausii or Bacillus firmus . The aspergillus may be, for example, Aspergillus oryzae) Aspergillus Playa booth (Aspergillus Flavus), Aspergillus Stavanger (Aspergillus niger), or Aspergillus Terre Uz (Aspergillus terreus . The Rhodobacter may be Rhodobacter blasticus), Rhodobacter la capsule tooth (Rhodobacter capsulatus), or Rhodobacter sphaeroides (Rhodobacter sphaeroides . Such a microorganism is, for example, Bacillus subtilis subtilis ), Aspergillus oryzae ) and Rhodobacter sphaeroides DS-EBN-BL6 DS - EBN - BL6 ).
상기 염생 미생물은 예를 들면 갯벌에서 수득한 것일 수 있다. 갯벌은 민물과 바닷물이 만나는 해안의 연결지점으로 극심한 환경변화에 직접적으로 노출된 곳을 지칭한다. 이러한 갯벌과 같은 극한적인 해양 환경 하에 있는 갯벌 생명체, 바람직하게 갯벌 미생물은 갯벌 주위의 환경을 정화시키면서 적응서식 할 수 있는 생명체, 즉 극한 친화생물군 또는 극한 효소류를 포함한다.The microorganism may be obtained, for example, from a tidal flat. Tidal flats are the connecting points of the coast where fresh water and seawater meet, and they are directly exposed to extreme environmental changes. Tidal flat organisms, preferably tidal microorganisms, in extreme marine environments such as these tidal flats include living organisms that can adapt to the environment surrounding the tidal flats, that is, extremophiles or extreme enzymes.
상기 배양물은 혐기성 또는 호기성 발효된 것인 조성물일 수 있다. The culture may be an anaerobic or aerobic fermented composition.
상기 조성물은 상기 조성물은 토양, 활성탄, 마사토 및 지렁이 분변토로 이루어진 군에서 선택된 어느 하나 이상을 추가로 포함할 수 있으며, 상기 토양은 예를 들면 부엽토일 수 있다. The composition may further include at least one selected from the group consisting of soil, activated charcoal, margarine and earthworm-modified soil, and the soil may be, for example, a humus soil.
상기 악취는 암모니아, 황화수소, 메르캅탄(mercaptan), 황화메틸(dimethyl sulfide), 아민, 벤젠, 또는 톨루엔인 악취 유발 화합물에 의할 수 있다. The odor may be attributed to odor-inducing compounds such as ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, mercaptan, dimethyl sulfide, amine, benzene, or toluene.
상기 조성물은 액체 또는 고체로 제제화될 수 있다. 상기 조성물에 통상적으로 사용될 수 있는 부형제 및 희석제 등이 포함될 수 있다. 또한, 예를 들면, 라벤더 또는 허브향과 같은 방향제를 포함시킴으로써, 탈취효과의 상승을 유도할 수 있다.The composition may be formulated as a liquid or solid. Excipients and diluents conventionally used in the composition may be included. In addition, for example, by including a fragrance such as lavender or herb fragrance, it is possible to induce an increase in the deodorizing effect.
일 양상은 상기 조성물을 악취 발생원에 접촉하는 단계를 포함하는 악취를 제거 또는 저감하는 방법을 제공한다.One aspect provides a method of removing or reducing odors comprising contacting the composition with a source of odor.
일 양상에 의한 조성물은 상기한 바와 같다.The composition according to one aspect is as described above.
상기 접촉은 상기 조성물을 악취 발생원에 분사 또는 도포하거나, 혼합 또는 교반하는 것일 수 있다.The contact may be spraying or applying the composition to a malodor source, or mixing or stirring.
상기 악취 발생원은 폐기물 매립지, 쓰레기 매립지, 폐수처리장, 분뇨처리장, 축산폐수처리장, 음식물쓰레기 처리장, 석유화학제품 제조공장, 생활하수처리장, 산업폐수처리장, 가축사육장, 식품가공 공장, 페인트 제조공장, 주물제조 공장, 석유정제 처리시설, 분뇨처리장, 도살장, 비료 제조 공장, 플라스틱 제조 연소시설, 도장시설, 또는 도금공장일 수 있다.The odor generating sources include waste landfill, waste landfill, wastewater treatment plant, manure treatment plant, animal wastewater treatment plant, food waste treatment plant, petrochemical product manufacturing plant, domestic sewage treatment plant, industrial wastewater treatment plant, A petroleum refining plant, a manure processing plant, a slaughterhouse, a fertilizer manufacturing plant, a plastic manufacturing combustion facility, a painting facility, or a plating factory.
본 발명의 악취 제거 또는 저감용 조성물을 이용하면, 유기질 비료, 음식물 폐기물, 쓰레기 하치장, 쓰레기 소각장, 축사, 하수처리장 오니, 음식물 쓰레기 처리장 등을 포함한 각종 악취 발생원에서 발생하는 광범위한 악취원인 물질을 분해하여 효율적으로 제거할 수 있다. 본 발명의 악취 제거 또는 저감용 미생물 제제는 종래의 탈취제에 비하여 경제적일 뿐만 아니라 독성이 약하면서도 악취성분을 근본적이고도 지속적으로 제거하여 환경을 정화시킬 수 있다.By using the composition for removing or reducing odor according to the present invention, it is possible to decompose a wide range of odor-causing substances generated from various odor sources including organic fertilizer, food waste, garbage dump, garbage incinerator, housing, sewage disposal sludge, It can be efficiently removed. The microbial agent for eliminating or reducing odor of the present invention is economical as well as less toxic than the conventional deodorant, and can purify the environment by removing the odor component fundamentally and continuously.
도 1은 일 구체예에 따른 악취의 발생을 제거 또는 저감시키는 방법에 있어서, 악취 제거 또는 저감용 미생물 제제와 악취를 발하는 대상물 교반시 사용한 교반기를 나타내는 도면이다.
도 2는 본 발명의 일 구체예에 따른 악취 제거 또는 저감용 미생물 제제를 이용한 암모니아 배출 저감 효과를 상기 미생물 제제 이용후 시간에 따라 나타내는 그래프이다.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a view showing a microorganism preparation for eliminating or reducing odor in a method of eliminating or reducing the generation of odor according to an embodiment, and a stirrer used in stirring an odor-producing object.
FIG. 2 is a graph showing ammonia emission reduction effect using a microorganism preparation for eliminating or reducing a malodor according to one embodiment of the present invention with time after use of the microorganism preparation. FIG.
이하 본 발명을 실시예를 통하여 보다 상세하게 설명한다. 그러나, 이들 실시예는 본 발명을 예시적으로 설명하기 위한 것으로 본 발명의 범위가 이들 실시예에 한정되는 것은 아니다.
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples. However, these examples are for illustrative purposes only, and the scope of the present invention is not limited to these examples.
실시예Example 1: 악취 제거 또는 1: odor removal or 저감용Reduction 미생물 제제 제조 Manufacture of microbial agents
쌀, 조, 수수를 약 10:1:1 비율로 미생물 배양분을 제조하였다. 제조된 미생물 배양분을 주변에 물이 많지 않으면서 염생 미생물이 자라는 환경, 즉 갯벌에 묻었다. 묻은 후, 7일 경과 후 배양된 미생물을 채취하였다. 채취된 미생물균을 확인해 본 결과, 바실러스 서브틸리스(Bacillus subtilis), 아스페르길루스 오리재 (Aspergillus oryzae) 및 로도박터 스페로이데스 DS-EBN-BL6(Rhodobacter sphaeroides DS - EBN - BL6)였다. 채취한 미생물 균을 항아리에 넣은 후에 흑설탕을 첨가하여 영양분을 제공하였다. 또한, 발효가 잘되게 하기 위하여, 발효균이 있는 쌀뜨물과 흑설탕을 각각의 항아리에 넣고, 실내온도 약20℃±4℃ 온도상에서 약 20일정도 호기성 발효하였다.
Rice, barley, and sorghum at a ratio of about 10: 1: 1. The cultured microbial cultures were buried in an environment where the microorganisms grow in the absence of a lot of water around the tidal flats. After incubation, the cultured microorganisms were collected after 7 days. As a result of examining the collected microorganisms, Bacillus subtilis subtilis), Aspergillus duck material (Aspergillus oryzae) and Rhodobacter sphaeroides DS-EBN-BL6 (Rhodobacter sphaeroides DS - EBN - BL6) was. The collected microorganisms were put into a jar and brown sugar was added to provide nutrients. In order to facilitate the fermentation, rice broth containing the fermenting bacteria and brown sugar were placed in the respective jars and subjected to aerobic fermentation at a temperature of about 20 ° C ± 4 ° C for about 20 days.
실시예Example 2: 미생물 제제의 2: Microbial formulation 탈취력Deodorant power 평가 evaluation
본 발명의 일 구체예에 따른 악취 제거 또는 저감용 미생물 제제의 탈취력을 평가하기 위하여 하기와 같이 실시하였다. 유기질비료 공정의 과정 중 발생하는 암모니아를 측정하기 위하여 유기질비료 공장에 발효되기 전 비료를 교반기를 만들어 실험하였다. 악취를 측정하기 위하여 유기질 비료를 약 5kg의 유기질비료에 교반기에 넣은 후 액의 희석배율인 100배 희석하여 시간에 따라 도 1의 교반기 안에 각각 분사하였다. 교반기에서 제제를 분사한 후 하루에 일 회씩 악취를 채취하여 분석하였다. In order to evaluate the deodorizing power of the microorganism preparation for eliminating or reducing odor according to one embodiment of the present invention, To measure the amount of ammonia generated during the process of organic fertilizer processing, a fertilizer was made with a stirrer before fermentation in an organic fertilizer factory. In order to measure the odor, the organic fertilizer was put into an agitator with about 5 kg of organic fertilizer, diluted 100 times with the dilution ratio of the liquid, and sprayed into the agitator of FIG. 1 according to time. After spraying the formulation on the agitator, the odor was sampled once a day and analyzed.
암모니아를 포함하는 악취의 분석은 대기환경보전법등의 UV/VIS방법으로 분석하였다. 암모니아를 채취할 수 있도록 노즐을 연결하였다. 붕산 용액에 시료가스를 통과시켜 암모니아를 채취하여 페놀, 니트로프루시드나트륨 (Na2Fe(CN)5NO)2H20)용액 및 차아염소산 나트륨 (NaOCI)용액을 넣고, 생성되는 인도페놀블루 청색 발색액에 대해 640 nm 부근의 흡광도를 측정하여 암모니아를 정량 분석하였다. The analysis of odor including ammonia was analyzed by the UV / VIS method such as air environment preservation method. Nozzles were connected to collect ammonia. (Na 2 Fe (CN) 5 NO) 2 H 2 O) solution and a sodium hypochlorite (NaOCI) solution were put in a boric acid solution, ammonia was collected by passing a sample gas through the solution, Ammonia was quantitatively analyzed by measuring the absorbance at about 640 nm for the blue coloring solution.
본 발명의 일 구체예에 따른 악취 제거 또는 저감용 미생물 제제를 이용한 암모니아 배출 저감 효과를 표 1에 나타내었다. 도 2는 본 발명의 일 구체예에 따른 악취 제거 또는 저감용 미생물 제제를 이용한 암모니아 배출 저감 효과를 상기 미생물 제제 이용후 시간에 따라 나타내는 그래프이다. Table 1 shows the ammonia emission reduction effect using the microbial agent for eliminating or reducing odor according to one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a graph showing ammonia emission reduction effect using a microorganism preparation for eliminating or reducing odor according to one embodiment of the present invention with time after use of the microorganism preparation. FIG.
교반기 안에서 발생하는 악취를 포집하여 측정한 결과 악취제거제를 살포하지 않은 대조군에서, 암모니아 농도가 시간이 경과함에 따라 증가하는 추세를 나타내었다. 교반을 시킨 후 암모니아가스가 발생할 수 있도록 교반 한 후 암모니아가스를 포집하여 측정한 결과 24시간 이후 약 3 배 정도 증가한 약 90 ppmv정도 측정하였으며 그 이후 48시간, 78시간까지 약 78 ppmv로 적은 양이 감소된 것으로 나타났다. As a result of measuring the odor generated in the agitator, the concentration of ammonia increased with time in the control group in which no odor remover was applied. After stirring, ammonia gas was collected and ammonia gas was collected. After measuring the amount of ammonia gas, about 90 ppmv which was increased about 3 times after 24 hours was measured. After that, it was measured as 78 ppmv at 48 hours and 78 hours Respectively.
표 1 및 도2에 나타낸 바와 같이, 미생물을 발효하여 만든 미생물 탈취제를 분사하고 24시간을 경과로 측정해 본 결과 순간적인 저감효과로 2시간 후 66%의 저감효과로 보였다. 그 후 1시간 정도 직전의 약 33%의 제거율이 보였다. 2시간부터 16시간 탈취제를 분사 후 저감 효과는 느린 속도로 증가하였다. 대조군과 비교해 봤을 때 분사 후 2시간부터 16시간이 되기까지 발생량의 60%가 저감되는 현상을 보였고 16시간 이후 24시간 까지는 효율이 저감되는 현상을 보였지만 60%의 저감효과는 유지 되었다.As shown in Table 1 and FIG. 2, microbial deodorant prepared by fermenting microorganisms was sprayed and measured for 24 hours, resulting in a momentary reduction effect and a reduction effect of 66% after 2 hours. Thereafter, the removal rate of about 33% just before about 1 hour was observed. After the deodorant was sprayed from 2 hours to 16 hours, the abatement effect increased at a slow rate. Compared to the control group, 60% of the generation was reduced from 2 hours to 16 hours after injection, and the efficiency was reduced until 16 hours and 24 hours, but the reduction effect of 60% was maintained.
대조군의 암모니아 발생량은 처음 약30 ppmv로 16시간 경과 약 89 ppmv의 발생량을 보여주었는데 미생물 탈취제를 분사한 직후 약 30 ppmv에서 약 12 ppmv로 60%의 순간적인 저감 효과를 보여주었다. 2시간 경과 60%의 순간적인 저감이 30%의 저감효과로 약 21 ppmv발생량으로 증가 하였고 2시간 후부터 16시간이 되기까지 다시 약 30 ppmv발생량으로 증가하였으나 대조군을 비교 해봤을 경우 약 89 ppmv에서 약 30 ppmv의 저감으로 약 66%의 저감효과가 나타났고 24시간까지 그 상태를 유지하는 것을 확인 할 수 있었다. The amount of ammonia produced in the control group was about 30 ppmv for the first time and about 89 ppmv for about 16 hours after the microbial deodorant was sprayed. The instantaneous reduction of 60% in 2 hours was increased to about 21 ppmv in 30% reduction and increased to about 30 ppmv in 2 hours to 16 hours. In comparison with the control group, about 89 ppmv to about 30 ppm The reduction effect of ppmv showed about 66% reduction effect, and it was confirmed that it maintained the state until 24 hours.
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